主謂一致--完整公開(kāi)課PPT課件

1、主謂一致一、主謂一致的定義 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與其主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上要保持一致。I _(be)student.He_(be)twelve.The children_(be)singing and dancing.amisare二、主謂一致的三個(gè)原則1、語(yǔ)法一致：語(yǔ)法形式上要求一致。 主語(yǔ)為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)； 主語(yǔ)為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)也用復(fù)數(shù)。 His pen _(be) blue.These shoes _(sell) well. issell二、主謂一致的三個(gè)原則2、意義一致：從意義的角度來(lái)處理主謂一致的關(guān)系。主語(yǔ)形式雖為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；主語(yǔ)形式上為復(fù)數(shù)，但意義為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)Two

2、 months _(be) a long time.The crowed _(be) working over there. isare二、主謂一致的三個(gè)原則3、就近原則：當(dāng)主語(yǔ)被某些關(guān)聯(lián)短語(yǔ)連接時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)與離它最近的主語(yǔ)保持一致。There _(be) a chair and two desks in the room. There _(be) two desks and a chair in the room.Neither you nor I _(be) right. Neither I nor you _(be) right.isareaream三、主謂一致原則的具體運(yùn)用1、

3、并列結(jié)構(gòu)做主語(yǔ)（1）兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的單數(shù)名詞或代詞由and 或bothand連接時(shí)，如果指的是兩個(gè)人或事物，謂語(yǔ)代詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。He and I _(be) good friends.A teacher and a writer _(be) going to seeting.如果由and連接的兩個(gè)詞指的是同一個(gè)人、同一個(gè)事物或同一個(gè)概念時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)形式。The teacher and writer _(be) going to seeting.areareis(2)由and連接的兩個(gè)單數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)，前面由every, each或no修飾時(shí)，意義上仍為單數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。Every

4、 boy and every girl _(be) taught to read and write.is(3)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)后面跟有with, together with（和一起）, along with（和一起）,as well as 等引導(dǎo)的詞組時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式要和等之前的主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。 A teacher with fifteen students _(be) working in the fields. Tom together with his friends _(go) swimming every day in summer. He as well as you

5、_(be) good at painting.isgoesis(4)由eitheror, neithernor,not onlybut also等連接的并列主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)按最接近它的主語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)形式而定。Either you or he_ (know) something about it.knows2、不定代詞做主語(yǔ)不定代詞each, neither, either以及包含some, any, every, no的復(fù)合不定代詞，在意義上都屬于單數(shù)。它們做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Each student_(have) a dictionary.Every minute _(be) im

6、portant to us.Nobody_(be) seen on the playground.hasisis3、集體名詞做主語(yǔ)（1）y family.The police _(be) standing there.(2)all指人時(shí)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，指事物時(shí)用單數(shù)。All _(be) here.大家都到了。All_(go) well.一切都很好。areareareis（3）family, class, team等集體名詞作為一個(gè)整體看待時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；指其各個(gè)成員時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。試比較：My family_(be)a big one.我家是個(gè)大家庭。His family_(b

7、e)all working in Beijing.他全家人都在北京工作。The class_(have) fifty students.這個(gè)班有50個(gè)學(xué)生。The class_(be)listening to their teacher.這個(gè)班的同學(xué)正在聽(tīng)老師講課。 isarehasare4、特殊名詞做主語(yǔ)1）國(guó)名、人名、書名、報(bào)刊名、組織機(jī)構(gòu)等專有名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，形式上即使是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞也要用單數(shù)。The Times(泰晤士報(bào)) _(be)an old newspaper.The United Nations(聯(lián)合國(guó)) _(be) founded in 1943.isis（2）以-s結(jié)尾的學(xué)

8、科名詞（如maths, e to learn.The news_(be)very interesting.isis5、數(shù)量概念做主語(yǔ)（1）表示時(shí)間、金錢、距離、重量等復(fù)數(shù)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，通常被看做一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Ten years_(be)a long time.Five minutes_(be)enough.Twenty dollars_(have) been s of vegetables_(be)enough.isishasis(2)數(shù)學(xué)運(yùn)算中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Seven and eight_(be)fifteen.Two times three_(be)six.(3)“many

9、 a/more than one +單數(shù)名詞”做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Many a student_(go) to the cinema.許多學(xué)生去看電影。There_(be)more than one answer.有不止一個(gè)答案。（4）the rest of短語(yǔ)做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若of后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)；若of后接不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The rest of the students_(be)going to the oney_(be) not enough.isisgoareareis6、名詞化的形容詞做主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)由“the +形容詞”結(jié)構(gòu)擔(dān)任，表示某類人時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。The rich_(be) not always happy.The old_(be) taken good care of in the village.areare7、動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句做主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞、不定式或從句做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用