2022年常州大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）

1、 2022年常州大學(xué)自考英語（二）練習(xí)題匯總（附答案解析）第1題【單選題】【2008.10】It took a few seconds for her eyes to _ to the darkness. A、allocate B、adopt C、apply D、adjust【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。【譯文】她花了幾秒鐘時(shí)間使眼睛適應(yīng)黑暗?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 分配，撥出 B 收養(yǎng)，過繼 C 應(yīng)用，申請 D 調(diào)整，使適合2、【2009.04】Ive got the order from the boss that the work _ finished before 5 p.m

2、. today. A、would be B、be C、will have been D、could be【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查名詞從句中的虛擬語氣。譯文：我已經(jīng)從老板那得到指令，這項(xiàng)工作在今天下午五點(diǎn)鐘之前要完成。詳細(xì)解答：that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，說明order的內(nèi)容。同時(shí)從句要用虛擬語氣，從句謂語用should+動(dòng)詞原形的形式，should 可以省略。第2題【單選題】【2009.04】_Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class. A、What B、Which C、That D、Who【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查主語從句

3、的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇。譯文：湯姆所做的事情使得他班里的每個(gè)同學(xué)都感到吃驚。詳細(xì)解答：what Tom has done指湯姆所做的事情；B 哪一個(gè)；C （無詞義）；D 誰。第3題【單選題】【2009.01】He has deep love for the people and_loyalty to the country. A、intense B、initial C、instant D、imitative【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查形容詞詞義區(qū)分。A 強(qiáng)烈的，極度的；B 最初的，開始的；C 立即的，即時(shí)的；D 模仿的，仿效的。形容loyalty，選A比較恰當(dāng)。第4題【單選題】【2009.7】H

4、e would _ that all the classified data should be kept safe when in office. A、assure B、ensure C、insure D、secure【正確答案】B【答案解析】【譯文】他保證在辦公室里的所有機(jī)密數(shù)據(jù)處于安全狀態(tài)?！驹囶}分析】動(dòng)詞意義區(qū)分題?！驹敿?xì)解答】A 使確信，使有信心；B 確保（某事）發(fā)生，擔(dān)保；C 為投保，給保險(xiǎn)；D 安全的，沒有危險(xiǎn)的第5題【單選題】【2008.04】That proposal is essentially irrelevant _ the issue at hand. A、with

5、B、from C、in D、to【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查介詞的固定搭配。句子翻譯：那個(gè)提案與手頭上的問題根本無關(guān)。irrelevant to 表示：與無關(guān)。第6題【單選題】【2007.04】The central theatre has a seating _ of more than 3, 000 people. A、capability B、capacity C、ability D、facility【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。ability主要指天賦的能力或應(yīng)用知識(shí)的才能，應(yīng)該是屬于那種已經(jīng)具備并發(fā)展較快的能力。如“He has unusual ability i

6、n science“。capability與ability不同的是，它不僅能用于人，也可用于物，如：Electronic refinements, however, have greatly extended the uses and capabilities of some of the older electrical devicescapacity指容納或吸收事物的能力，可用于人和物。如“The hall has a seating capacity of 500”。根據(jù)句意，本題應(yīng)該選capacity。 第7題【單選題】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed t

7、o be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which determines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks，then it was clearly necessary to

8、educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even different ability groups within school was obviousIntelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting chi

9、ldren for different types of secondary educationIt was once believed _, and thus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence. A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligent B、taught to be more intelligent C、that intelligence was something a baby was b

10、orn with D、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正確答案】C【答案解析】空格處需要真正的主語（It是形式主語），因此根據(jù)語法結(jié)構(gòu)判斷C 是答案。該句大意是“人們曾經(jīng)一度相信，智力是一個(gè)孩子天生所具有的，因?yàn)槲覀兛梢愿鶕?jù)他/她的智力水平判斷他/她在將來是否會(huì)取得成功。第8題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Climate scientists are not present everywhere. Because there are so many places in the world and not enou

11、gh scientists to observe all of them, theyre asking for your help in observing signs of climate change across the world. The citizen scientist movement encourages ordinary people to observe a very specific research interest birds, trees, flowers budding, etc, and send their observations to a giant d

12、atabase to be observed by professional scientists. This helps a small number of scientists track a large amount of data that they would never be able to gather on their own. Much like citizen journalists helping large publications cover a hyper-local beat, citizen scientists are ready for the condit

13、ions where they live. All thats needed to become one is a few minutes each day or each week to gather data and send it in.In “All thats needed to become one. (paragraph 2) ”, what does the word “one” stands for ? A、a citizen journalist B、a citizen scientist C、a scientist D、a citizen【正確答案】B【答案解析】one

14、不僅是數(shù)詞也是代詞；代詞指代的名詞或句子一般出現(xiàn)在代詞的前一句，要注意區(qū)分代詞單、復(fù)數(shù)。第9題【單選題】【概括大意】They always complained（抱怨） more or less justly, that their parents are out of touch with modern ways. They also blamed that their parents always have a final say. And the young felt that their parents do not trust their children to deal with

15、crises. Besides, they dissatisfied too much murmurs of their parents about certain problems and the lack of sense of humor in dealing with the problems, at least in parents-children relationships.The main idea of this paragraph is_. A、The criticisms to their parents can be kept out of the young peop

16、les mind in following ways. B、It is natural for young people to be critical of their parents at times and to blame them for most of the misunderstanding between them. C、There are so many criticism to their parents among the young people. D、Young people have gotten enough reasons to criticize their p

17、arents.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題段落中的各句列舉了年輕人都抱怨其父母些什么，談的是what are the criticisms?的問題因此選擇C。第10題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a p

18、ositive response：良好的反映。 第11題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Many researchers，whose work depends on ocean sounds object to a limit of one-hundred-twenty decibels（分貝）. They say such a limit is a greater danger than they believed. They want to prevent noises from harming creatures in the ocean.According to the passage, wha

19、t will scientists most probably do in the future? A、They will work hard to reduce ocean noise pollution. B、They will protect animals from harmful noises. C、They will try to set a limit of 120 decibels. D、They will study the effect of ocean noise pollution.【正確答案】B【答案解析】They will protect animals from

20、harmful noises. 本段的最后一句話是答案的出處。第12題【單選題】【2009.10】The room was quiet, _ the occasional coughing from my throat. A、in case B、except for C、by far D、instead of【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查介詞短語意義區(qū)分?！咀g文】 這個(gè)房間很安靜，除了偶爾從我喉嚨里發(fā)出的咳嗽聲以外。 A 以免、以防萬一 B 除了以外 C 到目前為止 D 代替、而不是第13題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a positiv

21、e _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第14題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there

22、. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood that when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job op

23、portunities arise among British unions? A、Thirty three per cent of the workers will be out of work. B、More jobs will be created by the union. C、More people will be employed than necessary. D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正確答案】C【答案解析】本段開頭告訴讀者“there are more men than are neededwhen two

24、 unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two”，接下來作者又進(jìn)一步說明其實(shí)質(zhì)，即它意味著“33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第15題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Get off to a slow start which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the

25、 edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the trouble of searching for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharp hours.You are advised to ris

26、e with a yawn and stretch because it will _. A、help to keep your energy for the days work B、help you to control your temper early in the day C、enable you to concentrate on your routine work D、keep your energy cycle under control all day【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題問的是因果關(guān)系?；卮疬@一問題的關(guān)鍵是看懂本段的第二句和其他句子的聯(lián)系。首先要注意這一段的第一句“G

27、et off to a slow start which saves your energy”，也就是說早上慢慢起床可以節(jié)省能量。緊接該句的三個(gè)句子都是慢慢起床的具體做法。因此選項(xiàng)A是正確答案。第16題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】You cant change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe youre sleepy in the evening but you must stay up late any

28、way. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to. If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This wont change your cycle, but youll get up steam and work better at your low point.If

29、one wants to work more efficiently at his low point in the morning, he should _. A、change his energy cycle B、overcome his laziness C、get up earlier than usual D、go to bed earlier【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題要求讀者找出本段中的最后兩句，并聯(lián)系本段開頭兩句的意思，作出正確判斷。本段開頭說，“雖然你無法改變自己的能量周期，但你可以使你的生活適合這一周期。Dr. Kleitman認(rèn)為經(jīng)常性的行為(對(duì)你的能量周期)能起作用。

30、”最后兩句又說，“rise before your usual hourwork better at your low point”(“如果你在上午處于能量的低潮，但你有重要的工作要在上午做，那么你就要比平時(shí)早起。這并不改變你的周期，但你可以在低潮時(shí)得到能量，工作得更好。”)因此選項(xiàng)C是正確答案。第17題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society tak

31、es responsibility for the discovery, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offens

32、e. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, ac

33、cording to the passage, is _. A、to control violence within a society B、to protect the world from chaos C、to free society from the idea of revenge D、to give the government absolute power【正確答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句話The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law 是本題的答案。第18題【單選題】【2007.0

34、4】The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from _ in the living room. A、that B、it C、one D、which【正確答案】A【答案解析】本題考查復(fù)合句。that在本句中指代the furniture，目的是為了避免重復(fù)。which用于引導(dǎo)句子或短語，在此也不能指代the furniture。 第19題【單選題】【2010.04】In order to follow fashions, the girl has to _ great discomforts. A、catch up with B、put

35、up with C、keep up with D、fall in with【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查短語辨析?！咀g文】為了跟隨時(shí)尚，這個(gè)女孩不得不忍受極度地不舒適。put up with：忍受。catch up with：追上，趕上。keep up with：和.保持聯(lián)系。fall in with：偶然遇到，贊同。第20題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small packageRight now, Belchers model battery, a metallic disk completel

36、y built by viruses, looks like a regular watch battery. But inside, its components are very smallso tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscopeWhich of the following is true of Belchers battery mentioned in paragraph 6? A、It is made of metal B、It is a kind of watch battery C、It can only be

37、 seen with a microscope D、It is a metallic disk with viruses inside it【正確答案】D【答案解析】做題步驟：四個(gè)選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文，找到三個(gè)錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)，一個(gè)正確選項(xiàng)，比NOT TRUE題難。第21題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】A moderate earthquake struck parts of southeast England on 28 April 2007, toppling chimneys from houses and rousing residents from their beds.Q: During the Ap

38、ril 28 earthquake, the whole England was left without power. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。題中說2007年4月28日的地震致使全英格蘭都停電，與文中表達(dá)的內(nèi)容不符。文中說地震殃及英格蘭東南部的肯特郡部分地區(qū)，電力中斷，幾千名居民無電可用。the whole England 與 parts of southeast England 是不符的，所以選B。第22題【單選題】【2009.10】The traffic was held up for more than thirty m

39、inutes, _ caused me to arrive late. A、it B、that C、what D、which【正確答案】D【答案解析】本題考查非限制性定語從句。整句話的意思是：交通阻塞30多分鐘，這使得我到達(dá)晚了。第23題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Secondary school had its own share of challenges. I was a tall kid and wasnt good at any sport, except looking. I loved basketball and tennis. The first day I held a rack

40、et, and I was disgraced by my opponent. He won six straight sets without sweat and there I was, sweating badly like Id run a marathon, whereas I hadnt even made a single point.Stanley was disgraced by his classmate in a _. A、basketball game B、tennis game C、marathon game D、football game【正確答案】B【答案解析】答

41、案選B。詞義理解和事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。通過關(guān)鍵詞disgrace，考生可迅速定位至本段，再通過本段的關(guān)鍵詞racket，可以判定正確答案是網(wǎng)球比賽。第24題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Demands for stronger protection for wildlife in Britain sometimes hide the fact that similar needs are felt in the rest of Europe. Studies by the Council of Europe, of which 21 counties are members, have shown that

42、45 per cent of reptile（爬行類的）species and 24 per cent of butterflies are in danger of dying out.Recent studies by the council of Europe have indicated that _. A、wildlife needs more protection only in Britain. B、all species of wildlife in Europe are in danger of dying out. C、there are fewer species of

43、reptiles and butterflies in Europe than elsewhere. D、many species of reptiles an butterflies in Europe need protecting.【正確答案】D【答案解析】答案選D。本段的第二個(gè)句子是這么說的：有21個(gè)國家組成的歐洲委員會(huì)的研究表明，45%的爬行動(dòng)物和24%的蝴蝶瀕臨滅絕。由此可見，D是正確的答案。第25題【單選題】【2010.04】The spokesman occasionally _ his speech with gestures. A、acknowledges B、accomp

44、anies C、attributes D、anticipates【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞匯。【譯文】這位發(fā)言人講演中偶爾伴有手勢。第26題【單選題】【2010.04】We have greatly _ the procedure according to the chairmans suggestion. A、stimulated B、perceived C、obscured D、simplified【正確答案】D【答案解析】【譯文】 按照主席的提議我們已經(jīng)大大地簡化了步驟?！驹囶}分析】本題考查詞義辨析。【詳細(xì)解答】 動(dòng)詞的詞義選取。第27題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Whether y

45、ou work at home，on the farm，at the office，at school，or on the road，it is not a good idea to skip (故意略去) breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。原句的意思是：無論一個(gè)人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是個(gè)好主意。因此該命題是錯(cuò)誤的。第28題【單選題】【2007.04】The book fair has received a posi

46、tive _ from readers. A、result B、response C、settlement D、solution【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查詞義辨析。response：反映，反響。result：結(jié)果，后果。settlement：殖民，移民，定居。solution：解決；解答。根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)該選response。a positive response：良好的反映。 第29題【單選題】【2009.01】If you try to learn too many things at a time, you may get_. A、concentrated B、confused C、

47、confirmed D、convinced【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查形近形容詞意義區(qū)分。句意：如果你試圖一次學(xué)太多東西，你就有可能糊涂了。A .濃縮的，專心的；B 糊涂的，混淆的；C 根深蒂固的；D 確信的。第30題【單選題】【2009.04】If payment is not received, legal action will be our only_. A、aggression B、advantage C、alternative D、ambition【正確答案】C【答案解析】本題考查詞義選擇。譯文：如果我們收不到付款，那就只好訴諸法律了。A 挑釁、侵犯；B 優(yōu)勢、優(yōu)點(diǎn)；C 選擇

48、、取舍；D 野心、抱負(fù)。第31題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working compass. A piece of lodestone（天然磁石）would be cut into the shape of a ladle（長柄勺）. Placed on a stone board with a smooth surface, the lodestone would move round until the handle of the ladle pointed south whil

49、e the bulk（主體）of the ladle was attracted to magnetic north. This interestingly shaped device is mentioned in a book from about 80. Other ancient books may have dated it as far back as the fourth century Jade（玉石）finders played an important role in the invention of the ladle. They travelled great dist

50、ances to look for jade. In order not to lose directions, they would take a ladle with them.When did the Chinese invent the compass? A、In 1492. B、In the thirteen century A.D. C、In A.D. 80. D、At least 2000 years ago.【正確答案】D【答案解析】本段中Two thousand years ago the Chinese had already developed a working com

51、pass.直接告訴我們中國發(fā)明指南針的時(shí)間。第32題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and exhilaration. Intellectually we

52、 are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of the following pairs of activit

53、ies best illustrates intellectual rhythm? A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology book B、Learning a poem and then taking a nap C、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimming D、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正確答案】B【答案解析】段落的結(jié)尾處講到：在腦力活動(dòng)方面，我們也同樣是有節(jié)奏的，因?yàn)?/p>

54、我們在高度集中精力一段時(shí)間以后，必須讓腦子有一個(gè)松弛的階段(“we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration”)。根據(jù)這個(gè)信息，A、D項(xiàng)內(nèi)容都是高度集中的腦力活動(dòng)，與原文內(nèi)容恰好相反；B項(xiàng)內(nèi)容是學(xué)習(xí)詩歌與小睡一會(huì)，正好符合原文，一張一弛。而C項(xiàng)內(nèi)容又全是不費(fèi)腦力的活動(dòng)，也不符合原文。第33題【單選題】【2009.10】Poor speaker of English though he was at the time, he still managed to make himself _. A、under

55、stand B、understood C、understanding D、to understand【正確答案】B【答案解析】本題考查語法。那個(gè)時(shí)候雖然他說英語說得不好，但仍然可以讓別人聽懂。非謂語動(dòng)詞的選用。過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語表示被動(dòng)以及動(dòng)作的完成。第34題【單選題】【閱讀選擇】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper. What is ever more surprising is that they

56、suddenly abandoned(拋棄) many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about Mayas was that _. A、they developed accurate system measur

57、ing time. B、they knew how to build pyramids with stones. C、they deserted their cities and moved to new ones. D、they built cities which they never lived in.【正確答案】C【答案解析】對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)為What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle.是對(duì)原文語意進(jìn)行了轉(zhuǎn)化，最高級(jí)

58、代替了比較級(jí)。第35題【單選題】【閱讀判斷】Fermis genius was known throughout the scientific world. In 1938 he had won a Nobel Prize. Four years later he produced the first nuclear chain reaction, leading us into the nuclear age.Q: Fermi, an experimentalist as well as a theoretician, won a Nobel Prize for producing the

59、first nuclear chain reaction in the world. A、True B、False C、Not Given【正確答案】B【答案解析】答案選B。Fermi在1938年獲諾貝爾獎(jiǎng)，四年以后才建立核連鎖反應(yīng)的。第36題【單選題】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not（往往）, on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere

60、, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of guilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers（老前輩，老人）, especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they wo