英語句子成分講解清晰版課件

1、取得英語語法成功的基石句子成分1A 句子的成分主語謂語表語賓語定語 狀語補語2A一） 主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。主語一般位于_ Walls have ears. He will take you to the hospital. Three plus four equals seven. To see is to believe. Smoking is not allowed in public places. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather.二）謂語由_擔任。助動詞或情態(tài)動詞加其他動詞的適當形式也構(gòu)成

2、謂語動詞。說明主語做什么或怎么樣。 Action speaks louder than words. The chance may never come again. Mary has been working at the dress shop since 1994. 動詞/動詞短語名詞代詞數(shù)詞to do不定式動名詞句子句首3A三）表語 它的位置在_之后。是用來說明主語的_,_, _的.My father is a professor. Whos that? Its me. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be

3、 of help to others.Three times five is fifteen.His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 系動詞、連系動詞性質(zhì)特征狀態(tài)名詞 n代詞 pron.形容詞 adj.介詞短語數(shù)詞不定式句子4A（四）賓語 表示動作的對象，是動作的承受者。賓語一般放在_之后。_詞后也會跟賓語。She covered her face with her hands. We havent seen her for a long time.

4、Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need know what others are doing. 動詞/動詞短語介詞名詞 n代詞 pron.動名詞代詞和數(shù)詞to do不定式句子5A（五）定語 是修飾_詞.單詞作定語時通常放在它所修飾的名詞之_；短語和從句作定語時則放在它所修飾的名詞之_。They are woman workers. Toms father didnt write home until yesterday. Mary is a beau

5、tiful girl. The play has three acts. This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developing country. I have nothing to eat.Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign their names here. 名前后 名詞名詞所有格形容詞 adj數(shù)詞形容詞 /序數(shù)詞 /不定式現(xiàn)在分詞to do 不定式從句6A六）狀語用來修飾動詞、形容詞或副詞.一般表示發(fā)生的時間、地點、目的、方式、程度結(jié)果、條件、讓步、伴隨情況等意義。 The best

6、fish swim near the bottom. I left the village five years ago. I arrived late because of the traffic jam . Well send a car to fetch you. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones. The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing. If he goes, so will I . Though he is a chi

7、ld, he knows a lot. 地點狀語時間狀語原因狀語目的狀語結(jié)果狀語伴隨狀語條件狀語讓步狀語7A七）賓語補足語。英語有些及物動詞，除了要有賓語之外，還要加上賓語補足語，才能使句子的意義完整。They elected me captain of the team. We try to make our country strong. We found everything in good order there. I should advise you to get the chance. I saw him going upstairs. They found the house

8、broken in.名詞形容詞介詞短語to do 不定式現(xiàn)在分詞 過去分詞賓語和賓語補足語一起構(gòu)成動詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)8A八）主語補足語 如果上述結(jié)構(gòu)變成被動語態(tài)，原賓語成為主語，原賓語補足語相應地變?yōu)橹髡Z補足語I was elected captain of the team. Our country will be made strong.與賓語補足語一樣9A二. 五種簡單句基本句型主語+謂語+賓語主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補足語動詞系動詞不及物動詞及物動詞主語+系+表語主語+謂語10A1）Our city is at the crossing of some impo

9、rtant railways. 主語 系動詞 表語2）The city will become rich. 主語 系動詞 表語在這類結(jié)構(gòu)中最常用的系動詞是：“變化”類：_.“感官”類: _.“持續(xù)”類：_. 其他：（似乎）_ _ (證明是)_get/ become/ turn/grow/gotaste/ smell/ feel/look/soundstay/ keep/remainseem appearturn out/ prove(to be)1主語 + 系動詞 + 表語11AExercises你的故事聽起來很有趣。_.把魚放在冰箱里，否則它會變壞的。_.這種炎熱的天氣將會保持幾天。_.這個

10、計劃證明是可行的。_.You story sounded very interesting.Put the fish into the fridge, or they will go bad.The hot day will remain/stay/ keep a few days.The plan turned out/proved (to be) practical.12A2主語 + 謂語1）Building has started. 主語 謂語2）The train leaves at 7:40. 主語 謂語_搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child

11、walks very slowly. _搭配： The girl looked at the picture. The children ran to the forest.動詞副詞動詞介詞13AExercise我每天起的很早，走到小花園，坐在凳子上。小鳥在樹上歡快的歌唱，魚兒在池塘 里自由的嬉戲，我玩得也高興. _.Every day I get up early, walk to the park and sit on the bench.The birds sings happily in the tree, the fish plays freely in the pool and I

12、 also enjoys myself.14A3主語 + 謂語 + 賓語1）The boss employed five more workers. 主語 謂語 賓語2）My brother takes care of the vegetable garden.3）Few students like taking exams.4）He forgot to close the door.5）I hope I can speak English fluently. 15AExercise他因為車子開得太快而違反了交通規(guī)則。_他拿出一瓶啤酒，很快將其喝光。_他許諾給我一個禮物。_He drove s

13、o fast that he broke the traffic rules.He took out a bottle of beer and drank it up quickly.He promised to give me a gift.16A4主語 + 謂語 + 間接賓語 + 直接賓語1）He has fetched us some new textbooks. 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語2）Grandma cooked us a nice meal. 主語 謂語 間接賓語 直接賓語 3）The man told the girl that he wants to test her

14、 the subject. 4）The boy asked me if I could speak Chinese.17A可接雙賓語的常見動詞有：ask, answer, give, offer, send, bring, pass, tell, show, teach, promise 順便問一下，她把錢付給你了嗎？_.下學期誰教你們生物？_.Mr. White告訴我為什么他要出國。_.By the way, has she paid you money?Who will teach you biology?Mr. White told me why he went abroad.18A5主語 + 謂語 + 賓語 + 賓語補足語1）The villagers didnt allow them to do this. 主語 謂語 賓語 賓語補足語 2）I will keep the box in the shade. 3）We found him a very g