2022屆高考英語全國新高考1卷真題及答案

1、絕密啟用前試卷類型：A2022年普通高等學(xué)校招生全國統(tǒng)一考試英 語本試卷共10頁，滿分120分。考試用時120分鐘。注意事項：1. 答卷前，考生務(wù)必用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號和座位號填寫在答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（A）填涂在答題卡相應(yīng)位置上。將條形碼橫貼在答題卡右上角“條形碼粘貼處”。因筆試不考聽力，選擇題從第二部分的“閱讀”開始，試題序號從“21”開始。2. 作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案，答案不能答在試卷上。3. 非選擇題必須用黑色字跡鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題

2、卡各題目指定區(qū)域內(nèi)相應(yīng)位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新的答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答的答案無效。4. 考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將試卷和答題卡一并交回。第二部分 閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AGrading Policies for Introduction to LiteratureGrading Scale90-100, A; 80-89, B; 70-79, C; 60-69, D; Below 60, E. Essays (60%

3、) Your four major essays will combine to form the main part of the grade for this course: Essay 1 = 10%; Essay 2 = 15%; Essay 3 = 15%; Essay 4 = 20%. Group Assignments (30%) Students will work in groups to complete four assignments (作業(yè)) during the course. All the assignments will be submitted by the

4、 assigned date through Blackboard, our online learning and course management system. Daily Work/In-Class Writings and Tests/Group Work/Homework (10%) Class activities will vary from day to day, but students must be ready to complete short in-class writings or tests drawn directly from assigned readi

5、ngs or notes from the previous class lecture/discussion, so it is important to take careful notes during class. Additionally, from time to time I will assign group work to be completed in class or short assignments to be completed at home, both of which will be graded. Late WorkAn essay not submitte

6、d in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class period it is late. If it is not turned in by the 4th day after the due date, it will earn a zero. Daily assignments not completed during class will get a zero. Short writings missed as a result of an excused absence will be accepted.

7、 21. Where is this text probably taken from? A. A textbook. B. An exam paper.C. A course plan. D. An academic article. 22. How many parts is a students final grade made up of? A. Two.B. Three.C. Four.D. Five. 23. What will happen if you submit an essay one week after the due date? A. You will receiv

8、e a zero.B. You will lose a letter grade. C. You will be given a test.D. You will have to rewrite it. BLike most of us, I try to be mindful of food that goes to waste. The arugula (芝麻菜) was to make a nice green salad, rounding out a roast chicken dinner. But I ended up working late. Then friends cal

9、led with a dinner invitation. I stuck the chicken in the freezer. But as days passed, the arugula went bad. Even worse, I had unthinkingly bought way too much; I could have made six salads with what I threw out. In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against th

10、e moral grain,” as Elizabeth Royte writes in this months cover story. Its jaw-dropping how much perfectly good food is thrown away from “ugly” (but quite eatable) vegetables rejected by grocers to large amounts of uneaten dishes thrown into restaurant garbage cans. Producing food that no one eats wa

11、stes the water, fuel, and other resources used to grow it. That makes food waste an environmental problem. In fact, Royte writes, “if food waste were a country, it would be the third largest producer of greenhouse gases in the world.”If thats hard to understand, lets keep it as simple as the arugula

12、 at the back of my refrigerator. Mike Curtin sees my arugula story all the time but for him, its more like 12 boxes of donated strawberries nearing their last days. Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington, D.C., which recovers food and turns it into healthy meals. Last year it recovered mo

13、re than 807,500 pounds of food by taking donations and collecting blemished (有瑕疵的) produce that otherwise would have rotted in fields. And the strawberries? Volunteers will wash, cut, and freeze or dry them for use in meals down the road. Such methods seem obvious, yet so often we just dont think. “

14、Everyone can play a part in reducing waste, whether by not purchasing more food than necessary in your weekly shopping or by asking restaurants to not include the side dish you wont eat.” Curtin says. 24. What does the author want to show by telling the arugula story?A. We pay little attention to fo

15、od waste.B. We waste food unintentionally at times. C. We waste more vegetables than meat.D. We have good reasons for wasting food. 25. What is a consequence of food waste according to the text?A. Moral decline. B. Environmental harm. C. Energy shortage. D. Worldwide starvation. 26. What does Curtin

16、s company do?A. It produces kitchen equipment.B. It turns rotten arugula into clean fuel. C. It helps local farmers grow fruits.D. It makes meals out of unwanted food.27. What does Curtin suggest people do?A. Buy only what is needed.B. Reduce food consumption. C. Go shopping once a week.D. Eat in re

17、staurants less often. CThe elderly residents (居民) in care homes in London are being given hens to look after to stop them feeling lonely. The project was dreamed up by a local charity (慈善組織) to reduce loneliness and improve elderly peoples wellbeing. It is also being used to help patients suffering

18、dementia, a serious illness of the mind. Staff in care homes have reported a reduction in the use of medicine where hens are in use. Among those taking part in the project is 80-year-old Ruth Xavier. She said: “I used to keep hens when I was younger and had to prepare their breakfast each morning be

19、fore I went to school. “I like the project a lot. I am down there in my wheelchair in the morning letting the hens out and down there again at night to see theyve gone to bed.“Its good to have a different focus. People have been bringing their children in to see the hens and residents come and sit o

20、utside to watch them. Im enjoying the creative activities, and it feels great to have done something useful.”There are now 700 elderly people looking after hens in 20 care homes in the North East, and the charity has been given financial support to roll it out countrywide.Wendy Wilson, extra care ma

21、nager at 60 Penfold Street, one of the first to embark on the project, said: “Residents really welcome the idea of the project and the creative sessions. We are looking forward to the benefits and fun the project can bring to people here.”Lynn Lewis, director of Notting Hill Pathways, said: “We are

22、happy to be taking part in the project. It will really help connect our residents through a shared interest and creative activities.”28. What is the purpose of the project?A. To ensure harmony in care homes.B. To provide part-time jobs for the aged.C. To raise money for medical research.D. To promot

23、e the elderly peoples welfare.29. How has the project affected Ruth Xavier?A. She has learned new life skills.B. She has gained a sense of achievement.C. She has recovered her memory.D. She has developed a strong personality.30. What do the underlined words “embark on” mean in paragraph 7?A. Improve

24、.B. Oppose.C. Begin.D. Evaluate.31. What can we learn about the project from the last two paragraphs?A. It is well received.B. It needs to be more creative.C. It is highly profitable.D. It takes ages to see the results.DHuman speech contains more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and

25、“a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages. But why are certain sounds more common than others? A ground-breaking, five-year study shows that diet-related changes in human bite led to new speech sounds that are now found in half the worlds languages.More than 30 years ago, the scholar

26、 Charles Hockett noted that speech sounds called labiodentals, such as “f” and “v”, were more common in the languages of societies that ate softer foods. Now a team of researchers led by Damián Blasi at the University of Zurich, Switzerland, has found how and why this trend arose.They discovere

27、d that the upper and lower front teeth of ancient human adults were aligned (對齊), making it hard to produce labiodentals, which are formed by touching the lower lip to the upper teeth. Later, our jaws changed to an overbite structure (結(jié)構(gòu)), making it easier to produce such sounds.The team showed that

28、 this change in bite was connected with the development of agriculture in the Neolithic period. Food became easier to chew at this point. The jawbone didnt have to do as much work and so didnt grow to be so large.Analyses of a language database also confirmed that there was a global change in the so

29、und of world languages after the Neolithic age, with the use of “f” and “v” increasing remarkably during the last few thousand years. These sounds are still not found in the languages of many hunter-gatherer people today.This research overturns the popular view that all human speech sounds were pres

30、ent when human beings evolved around 300,000 years ago. “The set of speech sounds we use has not necessarily remained stable since the appearance of human beings, but rather the huge variety of speech sounds that we find today is the product of a complex interplay of things like biological change an

31、d cultural evolution,” said Steven Moran, a member of the research team.32. Which aspect of the human speech sound does Damián Blasis research focus on?A. Its variety.B. Its distribution.C. Its quantity.D. Its development.33. Why was it difficult for ancient human adults to produce labiodentals

32、?A. They had fewer upper teeth than lower teeth.B. They could not open and close their lips easily.C. Their jaws were not conveniently structured.D. Their lower front teeth were not large enough.34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Supporting evidence for the research results.B. Potential applica

33、tion of the research findings.C. A further explanation of the research methods.D. A reasonable doubt about the research process.35. What does Steven Moran say about the set of human speech sounds?A. It is key to effective communication.B. It contributes much to cultural diversity.C. It is a complex

34、and dynamic system.D. It drives the evolution of human beings.第二節(jié) （共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner.” One reason was: “Youll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for

35、you at the gym,” while another read: “ 36 ” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition.So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. 37 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with

36、strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner.You might think about posting what you are looking for on social media, but it probably wont result in a useful response. 38 If you plan on working out in a gym, that person must belong to the same gym

37、.My partner posted her request on the notice board of a local park. Her notice included what kind of training she wanted to do, how many days a week and how many hours she wanted to spend on each session, and her age. It also listed her favorite sports and activities, and provided her phone number.

38、39 You and your partner will probably have different skills. 40 Over time, both of you will benefit your partner will be able to lift more weights and you will become more physically fit. The core (核心) of your relationship is that you will always be there to help each other. A. Your first meeting ma

39、y be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. Youll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to w

40、ork with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information.第三部分 語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分） 第一節(jié) （共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分） 閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。 My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 41 are funny, esp

41、ecially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 42 along Chalk Creek. I was 43 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 44 , and his crying let the whole campgroun

42、d know it. So 45 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 46 he didnt end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did.Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 47 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 48 our peaceful morning t

43、rip. The 49 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 50 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 51 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 52 , a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 53 . Now, every year when m

44、y husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 54 , wondering what camping fun and 55 we will experience next.41. A. ideas B. jokesC. memories D. discoveries 42. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 43. A. annoyed B. surprisedC. disappointed D. worried 44. A. unhurt B.

45、 unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 45. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 46. A. workedB. happened C. mattered D. changed 47. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 48. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 49. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. sp

46、eed 50. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 51. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 52. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 53. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right54. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 55. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict第二節(jié) （共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分1

47、5分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National Park (GPNP). 56 (cover) an area about three times 57 size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country. The plan will extend protectio

48、n to a significant number of areas that 58 (be) previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 59 (increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next yea

49、r. The GPNP 60 (design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity (完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, 61 leaving behind precious natural assets (資產(chǎn)) for future generations”. The GPNPs main goal is to i

50、mprove connectivity between separate 62 (population) and homes of giant pandas, and 63 (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.Giant pandas also serve 64 an umbrella species (物種)，bringing protection to a host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of Ch

51、ina. The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 65 live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.第四部分 寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) （滿分15分）假定你是校廣播站英語節(jié)目 “Talk and Talk” 的負責人李華，請給外教Caroline寫郵件邀請她做一次訪談。內(nèi)容包括：1. 節(jié)目介紹；2. 訪談的時間和話題。注意：1.

52、寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2. 請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dear Caroline,Yours sincerely, Li Hua第二節(jié) （滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。It was the day of the big cross-country run. Students from seven different primary schools in and around the small town were warming up and walking the route (路線) through thick evergr

53、een forest.I looked around and finally spotted David, who was standing by himself off to the side by a fence. He was small for ten years old. His usual big toothy smile was absent today. I walked over and asked him why he wasnt with the other children. He hesitated and then said he had decided not t

54、o run.What was wrong? He had worked so hard for this event!I quickly searched the crowd for the schools coach and asked him what had happened. “I was afraid that kids from other schools would laugh at him,” he explained uncomfortably. “I gave him the choice to run or not, and let him decide.”I bit back my frustration (懊惱). I knew the coach meant well he thought he was doing the right thing. After making sure that David could