英國(guó)文學(xué)簡(jiǎn)史復(fù)習(xí)資料(整理版)

1、1. OldEnglishLiterature&theLateMedievalAges<Beowulf>貝奧武夫:thenationalepicoftheAnglo-SaxonsGeoffreyChaucer杰弗里疥叟1340（?）1400ThefatherofEnglishpoetry.<TheCanterburyTales歡特伯雷故事集：firsttimetouse,heroiccouplet?；雙韻體）bymiddleEnglish<TroilusandCriseyde>#羅伊拉斯和克萊希德<TheHouseofFame*譽(yù)之宮IITheRen

2、aissancePeriodAperiodofdramaandpoetry.TheElizabethandramaistherealmainstreamoftheEnglishRenaissance.Renaissancetheactivity,spirit,ortimeofthegreatrevivalofart,literature,andlearninginEuropebeginninginthe14thcenturyandextendingtothe17thcentury,markingthetransitionfromthemedievaltothemodernworld.Three

3、historicaleventsoftheRenaissancerebirthorrevival:1. newdiscoveriesingeographyandastrology2. thereligiousreformationandeconomicexpansion3. rediscoveryofancientRomanandGreekcultureThemostfamousdramatists:ChristopherMarloweWilliamShakespeareBenJohnson.WilliamShakespeare威廉失土比亞15641616_Historicalplays:He

4、nryVI亨利六世；HenryIV:RichardIII查理三世；HenryV；RichardII;HenryVIIIFourComedies:<AsYouLikeIt>皆大歡喜；TwelfthNight>第十二夜；<AMidsummerNight?SDreamH43!夜之夢(mèng)；<MerchantOfVenice>M/S斯商人FourTragedies:<Hamlet>（姆萊特；<Othello>奧賽羅;<KingLear>李爾王；<Macbeth>麥克白®ShakespeareSonnett54<

5、;TheSonnets>Threequatrainandonecouplet,ababcdcdefefggAsonnetisalyricconsistingof14lines,usuallyiniambicpentameterrestrictedtoadefinitionrhymescheme.thecomedyoferrors錯(cuò)中錯(cuò)，TheTamingoftheshrew馴悍記RomeoandJuliet羅密歐與朱麗葉TitusAndronicus泰特斯安特洛尼克斯,Love'slabour'slost（愛(ài)的徒勞）Muchadoaboutnothing（無(wú)事生非）The

6、merrywivesofWindsor.溫莎的風(fēng)流娘們KingJohn約翰王All'swellthatendswell終成眷屬M(fèi)easureformeasure（一報(bào)還一報(bào)）Bacon:OfStudies;OfBeauty；OfMarriageandSingleLifeEnglishBourgeoisRevolution<TheAdvancementofLearning學(xué)術(shù)的推進(jìn)III:theperiodoftheEnglishbourgeoisrevolution.Milton:16081674ParadiseLost;SamsonAgoniste跳土參到'）;Onth

7、emorningofChrist'sNativity,Pamdisc二Regained復(fù)樂(lè)園<OnHis81訪門6$>我的失明<Areopagitica>論出版自由_<TheDefenceoftheEnglishPeople為英國(guó)人民聲辯Bunyan:1628-1688_ReligionaryAllegory:<ThePilgrim?sProgress次路歷程_GraceAboundingtotheChiefofSinner;theHolyWarJohnDon:theMetaphysicalpoet醫(yī)學(xué)派詩(shī)人）.MetaphysicalPoetry國(guó)

8、學(xué)詩(shī)）：（用語(yǔ)）thedictionissimple,theimageryisfromtheactual,（形式）theformisfrequentlyanargumentwiththepoet'sbeloved,withgod,orwithhimself.（主題：love,religious,thought）TheFlea;跳蚤ForbbidingMourning,SongsAndSonnets歌與十四行詩(shī)，emergentoccasions突變弓I起的誠(chéng)念HelysonnetsIVThe18thCentury:EnlightenmentArevivalofinterestinthe

9、oldclassicalworks,order,logic,restrainedemotion（抑制情感）andaccuracyTheAgeofEnlightenment/Reason:themovementwasafurtheranceoftheRenaissanceofthe15thand16thcentries,aprogressiveintellectualmovement,reason（rationality）,equality&science（the18hcentury）小說(shuō)崛起：Inthemid-century,thenewlyliteraryform,modernEng

10、lishnovelrised（realisticnovel現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說(shuō)）Gothicnovel（哥特式/、說(shuō)）：mystery,horror,castles（frommiddleparttotheendofcentury）JonathanSwift喬納森刖威夫特16671745（十八世紀(jì)杰出的政論家和諷刺小說(shuō)家amastersatirist）<Gulliver?sTrave©格列佛游記fictionalwork）Fourparts:Lilliput小人國(guó)Brobdingnag大人國(guó)FlyingIsland飛島Houyhnhnm馬島<AModestProposal一個(gè)小小的

11、建議_<TheBattleofBooks書(shū)戰(zhàn)<ATaleofaTub4桶的故事_<TheDrapper?sLetters一個(gè)麻布商的書(shū)信BickerstaffAlmanac比克斯塔福歷書(shū)DanielDefoe丹尼爾加福16601731（小說(shuō)家，新聞?dòng)浾撸?cè)子作者；十八世紀(jì)英國(guó)現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說(shuō)的奠基人。）Heisthefirstwriterstudyofthelower-classpeople,hislanguageissmooth,easy,colloquialandmostlyvernacular,andheisthefounderofrealisticnovel.<R

12、obinson_Crusoe>#賓遜漂流記ItpraisethefortitudeofthehumanlaborandthePuritan.Robinsongrewfromanaiveandartlessyouthintoashrewdandhardenedman,temperedbynumeroustrialsinhiseventfullife.Itisanadventurestory,Robinson,narrateshowhegoestosea,getsshipwreckedandmaroonedonalonelyisland,strugglestolivefor24-yearst

13、hereandfinallygetsrelievedandreturnstoEngland.<MollFlanders><ColonelJacque><Captainsingleton>辛格頓M3長(zhǎng)HenryFieldingi爾丁17071754ThefunderoftheEnglishrealisticworldHeiscalled“FatherofEnglishnovel”.Hewasthefirsttowritea“Comicepicinprose”（散文體史詩(shī)），andthefirsttogivethemodernnovelitsstructurea

14、ndstyle.novels:<TheHistoryofTomJones,aFoundling>棄嬰湯姆？瓊斯<TheHistoryoftheAdventuresofJosephAndrews>約瑟夫？安德魯<TheLifeofMrJonathanWild,theGreat>大詩(shī)人江奈生？威爾德<Amelia>愛(ài)米利亞_plays:<TheHistoricalRegisterfor1736>一七三六年歷史記事<DonQuixoteinEngland>堂吉柯德在英國(guó)_WilliamBlake威廉？布萊克17571827<

15、;SongsofInnocence認(rèn)真之歌Ahappyandinnocentworldfromchildren?seye.<SongsofExperience>經(jīng)驗(yàn)之歌Awordofmisery,poverty,disease,warandrepressionwithamelancholytonefrommeneyes.Include:<TheChimneySweeper>掃煙囪的/J、孩<London><TheTyger>LambisasymbolofpeaceandpurityTygerisasymbolofdreadandoiolence&

16、lt;TheMarriageofHeavenandHell>天堂與地獄的婚姻_RobertBurns羅伯特？彭斯17591796ThegreatestScottishpoetinthelate18thcentury.PoemsChieflyintheScottishDialect主要用蘇格蘭方言寫(xiě)的詩(shī)<JohnAnderson,MyJo>約翰？安德生，我的愛(ài)人，ChieflyintheScottishDialect,蘇格蘭抒情歌謠集<ARed,RedRose>一朵紅紅的玫瑰<AuldLong_Syne>友誼地久天長(zhǎng)<AMan?saManforA?

17、That>不管那一套_<M>Heart'siullie_HiglilandQ我的心在那高原上<BruceAtBannockburn><TheTreeOfLiberty>自由樹(shù)FarewelltoScotland再見(jiàn)蘇格蘭VTheRomanticPeriodTheromanticperiodbeganin1798thepublicationofWordsworthandColeridge?s<LyricalBallads>,andendin1832withSirWalterScott?sdeath.Romanticism:Itemph

18、asizethespecialqualitieofeachindividual'smind.(人應(yīng)該是獨(dú)立自由的個(gè)體)Init,emotionoverreason,spontaneousemotion,achangefromtheouterworldofsocialcivilizationtotheinnerworldofthehumanspirit,poetryshouldbefreefromallrules,imagination,nature,commonplace.TwomajornovelistsoftheRomanticperiodareJaneAusten(realist

19、ic)andWalterScott(romantic).“TheLakePoets”湖畔詩(shī)人，wholivedinthelakedistrict.WilliamWordsworth;SamuelTaylorColeridge;RobertSoutheyWilliamWordsworth威廉珅茲華斯17701850<LyricalBallads>抒情歌謠集(withSamuelTaylorColeridge)<IWonderedLonelyAsACloud>MyHeartLeapsupWhenIBehold,AboveTinternAbbey;IntimationsofI

20、mmortalityLinesComposedAFewMilesAboveTinternAbbeyTheSolitaryReaper孤獨(dú)的害U麥女<ThePrelude序曲GeorgeGordonByron喬?臺(tái)?戈登？拜倫1788T824(拜倫式英雄Byronicheroes孤傲、狂熱、浪漫，卻充滿了反抗精神。內(nèi)心充滿了孤獨(dú)與苦悶，卻又蔑視群小。恰爾德？哈羅德是拜倫詩(shī)歌中第一個(gè)“拜倫式英雄”。)_“Byronichero"isaproud,mysteriousrebelfigureofnobleorigin,againsttyrannicalrulesormoralprinc

21、iples.<DonJuan>唐？璜<ChildeHarold'sPilgrimage>恰爾德？哈羅德?tīng)栍斡?lt;Cain>該隱<WhenWeTwoParted>當(dāng)初我們倆分別<SheWalksInBeauty>MySoulisDark;TheFirstKissofLove;PersyByssheShelley波西？比希？雪萊17921822PoeticDrama:<PrometheusUnbound解放了的普羅米修斯Theme:thedramacelebraiesman？svictoryovertyrannyandoppr

22、ession<QueenMab>麥布女王<RevoltofIslam>伊斯蘭的反叛<TheCenci>欽契一家<ADefenceofPoetry>詩(shī)辯<TheNecessityofAtheism無(wú)神論的必要性Lyrics:<OdetotheWestWind>西風(fēng)頌Love'sPhilosophy;TheCloud;ToaSkylark(致云雀);.>11II-七：；二約翰？濟(jì)慈17951821(“美即是真，真即是美”是他的著名詩(shī)句。)Fourgreatodes:<OdeonaGrecianUrn>希臘古

23、甕頌<OdetoaNightingale>夜鶯頌<OdetoPsycheAl!、靈頌<OdeOnMelancholy>憂郁頌<ToAutumn>秋頌一IsabellaVITheVictorianPeriod1832-1900EnglishCriticalRealism(VictorianEra)Commonsenseandmoralpropreity,againbecamethepredominantpreoccupation.Criticalrealistswereallconcernedaboutthefateofthecommonpeoplean

24、deverydayevents.CharlesDickens查爾斯？狄更斯18121870(批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義小說(shuō)家)thegreatestrepresentativeofEnglishcriticalrealistwriter<ThePosthumousPapersofthePickwickClub>匹克威克外傳OliverTwist>奧利弗？特維斯特(霧都孤兒) <TheOldCuriosityShop>老古玩店 <AChristmasCarol>圣誕頌歌 <DombeyandSon>董貝父子<DavidCopperfield>大

25、衛(wèi)？科波菲爾BleakHouse>荒涼山莊<HardTimes>艱難時(shí)世 <ATaleofTwoCities>雙城記(London&Paris) <GreatExpectations>遠(yuǎn)大前程 <OurMutualFriend>我們共同的朋友SketchesbyBoz;AmericanNotes美國(guó)札記WilliamMakepeaceThackeray威廉？麥克匹斯？薩克雷1811T863VanityFair>oraNovelwithoutaHero名禾U場(chǎng)(thenameisanexcerptfrom<ThePilgr

26、im'sProgress>byJohnBunyan)<TheBookOfSnobs>Cox'sDiary庸人之書(shū)JaneAusten簡(jiǎn)？奧斯丁17711817口Shecomparedherworkstoafineengravinguponaliterarypieceofivoryonlyinchessquire.<SenseandSensibility>理智與感情<PrideandPrejudic>傲慢與偏見(jiàn)MansfieldPark>曼斯菲爾彳i莊園<Emma>愛(ài)瑪<NorthangerAbbey>諾桑覺(jué)

27、寺Persuasion勸導(dǎo)CharlotteBronte夏洛蒂？勃朗特18161855<JaneEyre>簡(jiǎn)？愛(ài)<Shirley>雪莉Professor>教師EmilyBronte艾米莉？勃朗特18181854<WutherillgLIUe地呼嘯山莊OldStoic>GeorgeEliot喬?臺(tái)？艾略特181SM880U<TheMillontheFloss>弗洛斯河上的磨坊<Adailll灰加>亞當(dāng)？比德SilasJMarner織工馬南<Middlemarch>米德?tīng)栺R契MidandLate19thCenturyRo

28、bertBrowning羅伯特？白朗寧18121889MyLastDutchess>我已故的公爵夫人HomeThoughtsFromAbroad>海外鄉(xiāng)思MenandWomen;DramaticLyrics;PippaPaaaes;TheRingandtheBook;ElizabethBarrettBrowing:<SonnetfromthePortuguese葡萄牙十四行詩(shī)Christina.G.Rossetti:1830-1894SeekandFind;AStoryforGirls;Song;ABirthdayVII19001950The20thCenturyPlaywr

29、ights OscarWilde GeorgeBernardShawHenrryJames:thewingsofadove;aportraitofawomen;DaisyMiller;theambassadors;thegoldenbowlGeorgeBernardShaw喬?臺(tái)?伯納？蕭1856T950（英國(guó)杰出的批判現(xiàn)實(shí)主義劇作家）criticalrealisticdramatistPlaysUnpleasant<MrsWarren'SProfession華倫夫人的職業(yè)<Widowers'Houses>鰥夫的房產(chǎn)PlaysPleasant<ArmsA

30、ndMan>武器與人<TheManOfDestiny>左右命運(yùn)的人Plays<ManAndSuperman>人與超人<Pygmalion>匹格瑪利翁<TheAppleCart>蘋果車<SclintII圣女貞德HeartbreakHouse.ThomasrHardy托馬斯？哈代18401928（小說(shuō)多以農(nóng)村生活為背景；自然主義小說(shuō)家。Wessexnovels;novelsofcharacterandenvironment）?Novels<TessOfTheD'Urbervilles>德伯家的苔絲Theme:exper

31、ienceisastointensity,andnotastoduration<JudeTheObscure>無(wú)名的裘德<UnderTheGreenwoodTree>綠蔭下mFarFgrrTTheMaddingCh用4>遠(yuǎn)離塵囂<TheMayorOfCasterbridge>卡斯特橋市長(zhǎng)<TheReturnoftheNative>還鄉(xiāng)?Poems:WessexPoemsAndOtherVerses,PoemsOfThePastAndPresentTheDynasts列國(guó)OscarWilde奧斯卡？王爾德18561900salome（TheA

32、estheticMovement:ArtforArt'sSake） 4Comedies:<TheImportanceOfBeingEarnest>認(rèn)真的重要<LadyWindermere;sFan>溫德米爾夫人的扇子<AWomanOfNoImportance>一個(gè)無(wú)足輕重的女人<AnIdealHusband>理想的丈夫 Novel:<ThePictureOfDorianGray>多利安？格雷的畫(huà)像 FairyStories:<TheHappyPrinceAndOtherTales>快樂(lè)王子故事集TheTruthOf

33、Masks.WilliamButlerYeats威廉渤特勒？十茨18651939（愛(ài)爾蘭詩(shī)人，居【J作家；TheIrishnationalistmovement愛(ài)爾蘭獨(dú)立運(yùn)動(dòng)；TheIrishLiteraryRevival愛(ài)爾蘭文藝復(fù)興；TheIrishLiteraryTheater,ortheAbbeyTheater愛(ài)爾蘭民族劇團(tuán)）?collections<TheWindAmongTheReeds>葦風(fēng)<Responsibilities>責(zé)任<TheTower>塔<TheWindingStair>旋轉(zhuǎn)的樓梯?Poems<Easter191

34、6或活節(jié)，1916<TheSecondComing>第二次來(lái)臨/冉世<SailingToByzantium>到拜占庭航行WhenYouareOldTheLakeIsleofInnisfree;ThomasSternsEliot（詩(shī)人，劇作家，批評(píng)家）?Poems<TheWasteLand><FourQuartets>四個(gè)四重奏<TheLoveSongOfJ.AlfredPrufrock>?Plays<MurderInTheCathedral>大教堂謀殺案MorningattheWindow;DavidHerbertLawr

35、ence戴維嬲伯特然倫斯18851930Modernist<SonsAndLovers>X子與情人（autobiographical）®<TheRainbow>#H<WomenInLove>戀愛(ài)中的女人<LadyChatterley?sLove>查特萊夫人的情人JamesUJoyce詹姆斯？喬伊斯18821941Modernist（愛(ài)爾蘭小說(shuō)家，意識(shí)流小說(shuō)的代表人物）stream-of-consciousness<Ulysses>尤禾【J西斯（S_O_C）<APortraitOfTheArtistAsAYoungMan>一個(gè)青年藝術(shù)家的肖像<FinnegansWake芬尼根的蘇醒<Dubliners>者B柏林人VirginiaWoolf弗吉尼婭？沃爾芙18821941Modernist（意識(shí)流/卜說(shuō)的代表人物）stream-of-consciousnessNovels<Mrs口Dall。5達(dá)洛維夫人<ToTheLighthouse燈塔去<TheWaves>®<TheLighthouse&