專題06動詞-備戰(zhàn)英語中考語法專項突破+題型特訓

1、專題6動詞高頻考點巧突破淤考點一、動詞及其分類分類動詞主要功能是充當謂語，用來表示主語做什么（即行為動詞），或表示主語是什么或怎么樣（即狀態(tài)動 詞）的詞，例如：The boy runs fast.（這個男孩跑得快。）runs表示主語的行為He is a boy.（他是個男孩。）is與后面的表語 a boy表示主語的狀態(tài)動詞可以按照含義及它們在句中的作用分成四類，即連系動詞、情態(tài)動詞、助動詞和行為動詞（也稱實義 動詞）。充當謂語系動詞系動詞+表語情態(tài)動助動詞f 實義動情態(tài)動+動詞原形J 助動詞+動詞原形獨立充當謂語K點二、系動詞的用法連系動詞是表示主語是什么”或 怎么樣”的詞，它雖有詞義，但不完

2、整，所以不能單獨作謂語，必須跟表語J起構(gòu)成合成謂語。連系動詞可具體分為三類：1、表示 是"的動詞be。它在不同的主語后面和不同的時態(tài)中有不同的形式。如：He was a soldier two years ago.（兩年前他是個士兵。）We are Chinese.（我們是中國人。）2、表示 變"、變成”的意思的詞，如become, get, grow, turn,都解釋為 變"、變得"，例如：She became a college student.（她成了一名大學生。）He feels sick. His face turns white.（他感到不

3、舒服，他的臉色變蒼白了。）3、表示感覺”的詞，如look （看起來），smell （聞起來），sound （聽起來）等，例如：The story sounds interesting.（這個故事聽起來很有趣。）The flowers smell sweet.（這些花聞起來很香。）常接形容詞作表語主謂be動詞become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,stay官動詞be+adv.+adj 如何是"1 iilook,sound,taste,smell,feel考點三、情態(tài)動詞的用法這類詞本身雖有意義，但不完整。它們表示說話人的能力、說話人的語氣或情態(tài)，如可能“、應當”等

4、。這類動詞有can, may, must, need, dare, could, might等。它們沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化，不能單獨作謂語，必須與行 為動詞（原形）一起作謂語，表示完整的意思。構(gòu)成疑問句時，通常放在主語前面；構(gòu)成否定句時，not放在這些情態(tài)動詞之后?？捎盟鼈兊目s寫形式 （can' t,cannot, mustn 等）t。例如：I can dance.（我會跳舞。） can,能，會He can ' t walk because he is a baby因為他是個嬰兒，不會走路。） can'爵必May I come in ?（我可以進來嗎？） may,可以may

5、 答語:肯定 Certainly./Sure./Yes,you can.否定 Sorry, but you can ' t/mustn表示推測I情態(tài)動詞II可能“may,might,could必須 “ Must I ? Yes, you must.!No, you needn ' t/don ' t have to.不可能"can' t=T不得不"Do I have to.?Yes, you must.No, you needn ' t/don ' t haJb to.需要”實義動詞：not need to do sth.情態(tài)

6、動詞：needn' t do sth._PWould you like to do?答語 "I ' d like to ”“ I，d like to, bujJ”had better最好"（不）做某事”You' d better do /You' d better not do 考點四、助動詞這類詞本身無詞義，不能單獨作謂語，只能與主要動詞一起構(gòu)成謂語，表示不同的時態(tài)、語態(tài)、表示句子 的否定和疑問，例如：He does not speak English well.（他英語講得不好。）句中的does是助動詞，既表示一般現(xiàn)在時，又與 not一起

7、構(gòu)成否定形式。Did he have any milk and bread for his breakfast ?（他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包嗎？）句中的 did是助動詞，既表示一般過去時，又和動詞have 一起構(gòu)成疑問。助動詞句型操作及答語狹義概念：贈送的”擴展概念：自帶的”凡謂語由兩部分構(gòu)成之前者助動詞身份/強調(diào)功能考點五、實義動詞實義動詞又叫行為動詞，是表示行為、動作或狀態(tài)的詞。它的詞義完整，可以單獨作謂語，有人稱、數(shù)和 時態(tài)的相應變化。例如：I live in Beijing with my mother.（我和我媽媽住在北京。） live ,住It has a round face.（它有

8、張圓臉。） has,有實義動詞時間標志及物動詞必須跟賓語不及物動詞不直跟賓語語態(tài) 被動：be+done般現(xiàn)在時名稱I平時經(jīng)常做般過去時般現(xiàn)在時謂動I般將來時般過去時某次過去做be+doing現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時was/were+doing現(xiàn)在將要做現(xiàn)在正在做選項有無被動只需考慮時態(tài)含情態(tài)動詞般將來時該而不：感官發(fā)生實現(xiàn) 出版過去將來時have/has+donewill+do到過去已做過去將要做使役動詞正常不帶to被動則帶had+done現(xiàn)在完成時考點六、動詞詞形變化 動詞在句子中充當謂語的同時，隨著時態(tài)或語態(tài)的變化，也有自己的特有變化。動詞詞形變化現(xiàn)在分詞過去式、過去分詞s,x,sh,ch,o

9、+es+ing+ed去 e+ing輔+y 一 i+ed雙寫+ing雙寫+ed輔+y 一 i+es輔元輔，且重讀，不忘雙寫尾字母（除組合外）不規(guī)則非謂語動詞作主語被視為單考點七、非謂語動詞及其應用。不定式to do現(xiàn)在分詞doingjI作主語判定：后有謂動. .作賓語 be doing "正在做"作金語）常被形式主備it代替）匚作表語jbe+to do “是做”被形式賓.it而口省to或不省要后置，省介否I表目的，原因 賓從省略式）疑問詞'+to do jI高效特訓速提升於、選擇填空1 .There_lots of people at the restaurant w

10、hen I got there.A.isB.wasC.areD.were2 .You eat the soup if you don ' t like it.A.shouldn ' t B.mustn ' t C.needn ' t D.can ' t3 .This sentence right. Please write it down.A.feels B.sounds C.tastes D.smells4 .My sister wants a new dress. She it to the party.A.wears B.has worn C.wo

11、reD.is going to wear5.I didn ' t hear you because I the news on the radio.A.listen to B.am listening to C.listened to D.was listening to6.I my homework, I guess I can' t join you.A.don ' t finish B.didn ' t finish C.haven ' t finishedD.won ' t finish7.-Whose is the pencil box

12、?-It be Tom's. Look at his name on the cover!A. canB. mayC. mustD.need8. a book in the library, enter a key word into the computer.A. To findB. FindC. To writeD. Write9. The clothing store a sale. The clothes there are very cheap.A. hasB. hadC. is havingD. was having10. Miss Zhang, the most beau

13、tiful teacher,many flowers these days.A. receivedB. will receiveC. was receivingD. has received11. Your sweater looks smart. Where you it?A. do, get B. did, get C. will, getD. have, got12. We often hear her after class.A.singB.to singC.singsD.sang13. Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?

14、-Yes, you.A. mustB. canC. mayD. need14. I ' d like you for a picnic with us.A. goB. to goC. goingD. went15. Hong Kong to be a good place for eating today.A. knowsB. knewC. is knownD. was known二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空1. Nancy often goes(swim) with her friends in summer1.1 want(go) to the shop.3 .The litt

15、le girl likes(play) basketball. She(play) on the playground now.4 .The teacher(go) to school on foot every day.5 .Let's(speak) English.6 .-the man(open) the window?-No, he isn't. He is(close) the window.7 . I(lend) her some CDs the day before yesterday 。8 . I'm sorry(wake) you up.9 .Woul

16、d you please(not play) with the chalk?10 .You'd better(pass) this book to her.三、根據(jù)所給漢語或首字母提示寫出下列句中所缺的名詞1 Look! A little girl（ 游泳）in the river（河）.2 .I don't have any pens. I think she（有）some.3 .Don't（讀）your books. Please（聽）to me now.4 .Can you help me（搬運）the box?5 .Can I（借）your bike?6 .Do

17、 you like（看電視）？7 . My parents are busy（為做準備）the visitors.8.I think you'd better not（ 出去）alone at night.9. Do you mind my（ 聽音樂）? -Never mind.10.I am afraid of（游泳），but Tom often（教）me（游泳）.11 .What about（坐）here ? OK , let me（坐）here.12 .Tomorrow（是）my birthday. I want（ 舉行）a birthday party . Would you（

18、 來）to my party?13 . He mustn't（停放）his car here .（看）at the sign " NO parking.14 .You need（穿戴）warm clothes in winter.15 .Who（教）you English last term?四、詞語運用閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞，每 詞限用一次。say, do , work , believe, may, watch, see, be, think, eatCan animals be made to work fo

19、r us ? Some scientists _1_ that one day animals _2_ be taught to do a number of simple jobs .They _3_ that in a film or on TV we may _4_ elephants, monkeys ,dogs ,bears ,or other animals doing a lot of things .If you _5_ carefully , you may find that those animals are given something to eat in retur

20、n for _6_ them. The scientists say that many different animals may be taught to do a number of simple jobs if they will get something _7_.Of course, as we know , dogs can be used to guard a house ,and elephants can be used to do some heavy jobs. And we can also teach animals _8_ in factories. Apes ,

21、for example have _9_ used in America to help make cars and scientists 10_ that these monkeys may one day get in crops and even drive trains .五、完形填空Mrs. Green lives in the country, and she 1_ know London very well. One day, she goes to London, butshe 2 find her way. Just then, she 3 a man near the bu

22、s stop." I him thsk way. " she 4 . Thenshe goes over to the man and asks, “ Excuse me, will you please5 me the way to King Street? But the man doesn ' t say anything. He6 Cuba. He doesn '7 t English. He“Sorry,comes to London for a 8. He takes out a book and 9 something on it. Then he 10 it to Mrs. Green,()1. A. does)2. A. mayB.doesn ' tB. may notC. doC. can ' tD. don 'D. can()3. A. looks atB. watchesC. seesD. looks()