研究生英語讀寫佳境課后練習(xí)test

1、Unit OneText AWarming-up B. 1. armchair travelers 2. budget travelers 3. family travelers 4. business travelers 5. adventure travelers 6. luxury travelersComprehensionB. 1- f 2- c 3-d 4-a 5-e 6-bVocabulary & StructureA. 1. inhibitions 2. incredulous 3. endemic 4. eerie 5. exhilarated 6. lucid 7.

2、 decked out 8. awe-inspiring 9. plummeted 10. graciousTranslation A. 在一切生物中，要算蜂鳥體形最優(yōu)美、顏色最鮮艷。經(jīng)過工藝加工的各種寶石和金屬是無法跟這個(gè)大自然的珍寶媲美的。大自然按照鳥類的大小把它列為最小號(hào)，真是“最小的絕妙珍品”。 這種小蜂鳥是大自然的杰作；大自然把其他鳥類只能分有其中一部分的種種天賦全部慷慨地給了它。這個(gè)小寵兒具有輕盈、敏捷、靈活、優(yōu)雅以及羽毛絢麗等一切妙處。那翠綠的、艷紅的、嫩黃色的羽毛閃閃發(fā)光。蜂鳥從不讓它的羽毛沾染塵土，它生活在天空中，一刻也不碰到草皮。它總是在空中飛翔，從花叢飛向花叢；它像花一樣

3、鮮艷，又像花一樣艷麗。蜂鳥靠花蜜為生，它只生活在四季鮮花盛開的地方。B. 1. After climbing up to the top of the mountain and looking afar from the vantage point, I saw laid out before me a spectacular view, which was one of the most awe-inspiring view I have ever beheld; but equally exhilarating was the fact that some distance away a

4、hawk was soaring high, and then, for an instant, it suddenly plummeted down into the canyon.2. My fondest memory is of spending a few days with a family in a mountain village, dinnering with them and enjoying various dishes endemic to the region. It is of mellow sweetness to have watched them, decke

5、d out in their traditional garb, moving around the house. Of course, a stay there for some more days involves some degree of roughing-it.Writing 1 Paragraph 1 introduces the trip by describing the authors initial venture into the park. Paragraph 2 comments on the absence of tourists in the area thro

6、ugh which the tour was passing. Paragraph 3 provides a few reasons why there were so few tourists, including the remoteness of the area and the effect involved in getting there. Paragraph 4 discusses the approach used by the eco-tour company and their focus on the culture, people, and customs. Parag

7、raph 5 describes the hospitality of the traveler hosts, the Pemon Indians, and some of the activities in which they participated. Paragraph 6 reflects on the education and understanding that the tourists gained about the area and the culture. Paragraph 7 discusses the system of spirituality and beli

8、efs of the Pemon tribe and the rare energy meridians of the area. Paragraph 8 concludes by stating that, while the trip was exciting for those who took it, the eco-tour style of traveling may not be for everyone. Unit TwoText AComprehension1. C 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. DVocabulary & StructureA. 1.

9、 elaborate 2. prosecution 3. controversial 4. ammunition 5. compassion 6. response 7. hospitalized 8. surged 9. moderately 10. zealC. 1. incurably ill 2. bring about 3. grown fast into 4. winning an advantage 5. given 6. hidden, stealthy 7. struggled with 8. mild, not harshTranslationB. 1. Quite a f

10、ew terminally ill patients would often like their doctors to administer lethal drugs to them to be relieved of suffering; there are also some of their families who would prefer that doctors withdraw any life-prolonging treatment since there is no hope of effecting an ultimate cure. This problem has

11、lately boiled over into a fierce public debate in some European countries.2. Those who are opposed to Euthanasia believe that it is no different from murder and that it is unethical, while the pro-euthanasists contend that since the incurably ill consider their existence more of a torment and suffer

12、ing, why not let them end their lives in a decent and humane way? We ought to respect the patients final decision.3. The fear that mercy killing will be abused or used unnecessarily is not groundless. But with effective measures rigorously taken by the government and the departments concerned, and u

13、nder tightly controlled conditions in hospitals, this problem would most probably be resolved in the end.Unit ThreeText AVocabulary & StructureA. 1. backwards 2. a babe 3. chance 4. odds5. smites 6. splash 7. shinning 8. hastyB. 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. G 5. D 6. F 7. H 8. E1. The plunge we take is no

14、different from the gamble we are taking against chance, against destiny, and in the course of it we may realize ourselves as an added bonus. And as a consequence we would be either bled white or finally make a career after painstaking efforts, or in rare cases, be continuously blessed with an unhind

15、ered advance, and we would take great pride in our obtained success.2. If a man makes gambling an obsession, he will not only lose his property gained through years of toil, he will also lose his dignity and conscience. Therefore it is advisable that they beat a hasty retreat from such an indulgence

16、 and be away from the sea of troubles.3. On the bright side of the coin, we win in the struggle against destiny, and the odds are in our favor, then gambling is no longer a toxic drug, rather it is one against boredom and apathy, and may well preserve our good temper, patience and optimism, which wi

17、ll do us a world of good.Text BB. 1. depends 2. prides 3. volumes 4. numbers 5. blows 6. blueUnit 4 Text A Vocabulary & StructureA. 1. involved 2. touch 3. spoil 4. boost 5. get on 6. get in Dutch 7. flinging mud at 8. heart-heart 9. profusion 10. bit her tongue offTranslationA. 首先，教師應(yīng)性情開朗，具有魅力。

18、這不排除長(zhǎng)相平平， 甚至面貌丑陋者，他們或許更具魅力。但過于沖動(dòng)者、郁郁寡歡者、冷酷無情者、尖酸刻薄者、憤世嫉俗者、怨天尤人者，以及自以為是、居高臨下者卻定要排除在外。再補(bǔ)充一點(diǎn)：應(yīng)排除平庸者和性情不良者。還是我以前書中所言：“乏味或許比殘暴更加催殘學(xué)生?！逼浯?，教師不僅需要而且必須擁有同情心真正意義上的同情心；能夠設(shè)身處地的親聽他人的心聲，特別要能感孩子們所感，思孩子們所思，因?yàn)榻處熤卸酁橹行W(xué)教師；還有與此密不可分的寬容當(dāng)然，寬容的不是錯(cuò)誤本身，而是人類脆弱與幼稚的本性，這才是誘使人們尤其是孩子犯下種種錯(cuò)誤的根本。1 There are some successful people in

19、every walk of life. On the one hand, their successes depend on their born genius, later effort and support from their family; on the other hand, their successes are attributed to virtues as a being. These successful people seldom contradict others unless in a life-and-death struggle. If necessary, t

20、hey know how to swim with the tide and tailor their words to the tastes of other fellows. They will say things in season and do things in moderation2. They are marvelous at adapting themselves to the surroundings and good at pleasing the ears of other people. They are quite easy-going and will never

21、 fling mud at people. If they happen to have friction with someone, they will try to have a heart-to-heart talk with him in a placid mood. They will never do what they will bite their tongue off later on.Text BTranslationA. 但是有另外一些人他們把成功更多地歸公于運(yùn)氣和機(jī)會(huì)而不是毅力。他們認(rèn)為，就是因?yàn)槭呛玫倪\(yùn)氣和機(jī)會(huì)，一些人比其他人更容易獲得成功，盡管他們并不那么能干和稱職

22、。毫無疑問，運(yùn)氣和機(jī)會(huì)是加快成功步伐的某種因素，但僅僅是因素而已。事實(shí)上機(jī)會(huì)只能帶來某種預(yù)示，從來不會(huì)自發(fā)成功，機(jī)會(huì)只有加上艱辛、持之以恒的努力才能使人獲得成功。畢竟，成功通常降臨到那些愿意的人，或者說那些愿意把握機(jī)會(huì)的人。于是，這些人可能得到運(yùn)氣的恩賜。B. Rich Devos is the starter (initiator) of the largest sales company on the globe，Anli as well asThe boss of NBA Orlando Magic and WNBA Orlando Miracle. To our admiration,

23、 he had the operation of heart transplant at the age of 70. What s there behind his success? His newly-published book Hope of Herat gives the key to the question, that is, optimism. He thinks an optimistic attitude is not a luxury; its a necessity. Optimism diverts our attention away from negativism

24、 and channels it into positive, constructive thinking. There is enough good and bad in everyones life ample sorrow and happiness, sufficient joy and pain to find a rational basis for either optimism or pessimism, but we should face our life optimistically for the good in life far outweighs the bad.U

25、nit 5 Text A Vocabulary & structureA. 1. bane 2. anecdotes 3. mundane 4. stimulus 5. intriguing 6.epidemic 7. bout 8. pathologicalTranslation A. 笑有很多好處。笑把人們聯(lián)系在一起。在一些緊張的場(chǎng)合，笑聲可以使人們放松精神。所以應(yīng)該多與別人分享歡笑。 笑還對(duì)健康很有好處。有位著名作家在他的書里記述了他用喜劇和歡笑來治療癌癥的事。在你笑的時(shí)候，你的橫膈膜會(huì)上下運(yùn)動(dòng)，而你的淋巴液也會(huì)加速運(yùn)動(dòng)，這些都對(duì)你的健康有好處。笑可以減輕壓力放松肌肉，還可以加強(qiáng)

26、你與別人的聯(lián)系，特別是當(dāng)你與別人語言不通時(shí)。當(dāng)彼此以微笑回應(yīng)時(shí)，雙方的聯(lián)系就加深了。 英語里有兩種說法，第一種是笑是會(huì)傳染的，就像病毒和病菌一樣。另一種是笑是一種良藥。B. 1. The role of laughter is more complex than people have imagined. People laugh for a variety of reasons. People laugh not only when they feel good, but in response to mundane statements and in uncomfortable situa

27、tions as well. For example, when people are surprised at funny-looking things, their natural reaction is laughter. Something seems awkward for a moment and people don't know what to do, so people laugh. Even in a threatening situation, laughter may serve as a way of calming down the tense atmosp

28、here.2. Why do we laugh? A convincing explanation waits for more confirmation. But people all over the world are convinced that it is pretty good to laugh. Laughter enables people to keep mentally healthy and laughter functions as some kind of social signal to strengthen a social bond because studie

29、s have shown that people are more likely to laugh in social settings than when they are alone. and it can break down barriers and forge a connection with each other.Text B TranslationA. 美國馬里蘭大學(xué)的心理學(xué)教授羅伯特-布魯文贊同笑也具有進(jìn)化連續(xù)性的這一說法。他說，笑的起源來自于撓癢癢以及雜亂無章的游戲。布魯文教授和其他一些科學(xué)家還對(duì)黑猩猩進(jìn)行了相關(guān)的研究，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)黑猩猩的笑(聲音類似于噪音)與人類的笑存在著某

30、種聯(lián)系。他說：“確切地講，笑是一種游戲的聲音，從最初的喘氣的呼呼聲(吃力的呼吸聲)發(fā)展到人類的“哈哈”笑的聲音?！?通過研究從大猩猩喘氣的呼呼聲到人類“哈哈”的笑聲兩者之間的轉(zhuǎn)化，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，呼吸控制是人類語音和笑聲出現(xiàn)的關(guān)鍵所在。B. There is the American saying: Laugh-and-the-world-laughs-with-you; Cry-and-you-cry-alone. It is the fact that many people love to be happy and enjoy laughing. Therere some reasons w

31、hy we laugh. One reason is surprise. When I was surprised at funny looking things, my natural reaction is laughter. Also you might laugh because you're embarrassed. Something seems awkward for a moment and you don't know what to do, so you laugh. When you see people falling down, say, in Chi

32、na, I notice everyone laughs partly because of surprise, and partly because of embarrassment. But there are Western cultures that they dont appreciate if you laugh when they fall down. People in different cultures laugh for different reasons. In fact, what makes one laugh in comedy shows TV shows an

33、d movies in different cultures are very different. So everyone is different, and what makes you laugh it's not always the same. The same is true with jokes in different cultures.Unit 6 Text A TranslationA. 孩子們是否應(yīng)該去國外留學(xué)一直是一個(gè)熱門話題。人們的觀點(diǎn)大相徑庭。有些人認(rèn)為學(xué)生不適合去國外學(xué)習(xí)，首先，高昂的學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)對(duì)大多數(shù)家庭是一個(gè)沉重的經(jīng)濟(jì)負(fù)擔(dān)；其次在一個(gè)風(fēng)俗和生活方式完

34、全不同的國家生活學(xué)習(xí)不僅會(huì)有語言障礙并且會(huì)經(jīng)歷“文化休克”，這會(huì)使許多學(xué)生難以適應(yīng)，最后，一些學(xué)生不夠成熟，難以辨別是非而可能走入歧途。國外留學(xué)的推崇者們堅(jiān)持國外留學(xué)是有益的。首先，國外學(xué)習(xí)能提供一流的教學(xué)設(shè)施和“學(xué)生為中心”的教學(xué)體制-一種比國內(nèi)盛行的“以教師為中心”的教學(xué)方法更科學(xué)的教學(xué)方法。其次，遠(yuǎn)離父母親可以迫使年輕人結(jié)交朋友、學(xué)會(huì)處理人際關(guān)系，這將讓他們終身受益。再者，留學(xué)國外是一次感受異國文化、開拓視野的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。就我個(gè)人而言，我贊成去國外留學(xué)因?yàn)槔笥诒住?B. 1. After the scores of the matriculation are known, parents

35、 want to know more about universities home and abroad by reading prospectuses and surfing university websites, and do their utmost to choose an ideal institution of higher education for their children. Some parents even think that nothing beats seeing for themselves. They will take their children to

36、 see the campus, halls of residence, cafeterias. They make enquiries at such departments as Students Affairs Office to be better-informed. 2. Some universities in the U. S. are open to parents by setting up open days in order that parent can know more about academic administration, accommodations, f

37、ood, workload, and job prospects. But there are some differences between their list of priorities. As a rule, children tend to listen to their parents because a bit of their parents wisdom and experience go a long way.Text B TranslationA. 學(xué)?，F(xiàn)有建筑系等22個(gè)教學(xué)系（部、中心），環(huán)保應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究所等20多個(gè)科研院（所）和科技服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)。有43個(gè)本科專業(yè)，覆蓋工

38、科、理科、人文科學(xué)、商科、社會(huì)科學(xué)和農(nóng)學(xué)等6大學(xué)科門類，各類在校生20000多人，其中全日制本科生15000多人、碩士研究生170余人。學(xué)?，F(xiàn)有城市規(guī)劃、環(huán)境工程、結(jié)構(gòu)工程、世界史、防災(zāi)減災(zāi)、專門史、應(yīng)用數(shù)學(xué)、應(yīng)用化學(xué)、市政工程、倫理學(xué)十個(gè)碩士學(xué)位授權(quán)點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)有環(huán)境工程、結(jié)構(gòu)工程2個(gè)省級(jí)重點(diǎn)建設(shè)學(xué)科；1個(gè)省級(jí)特色專業(yè)建設(shè)點(diǎn)城市規(guī)劃與設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)；2個(gè)?。ú浚┲攸c(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室環(huán)境科學(xué)與工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室和結(jié)構(gòu)工程重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。B. The newly established university is an engineering-centered multi-disciplinary institution o

39、f higher education, covering such fields as engineering, science, liberal arts, and management. Concentrating on the undergraduate programs, concurrently with adult continuation education, the University takes an active part in developing postgraduate education and undertakes the responsibility of f

40、ostering practical and creative talents. The University upholds the teaching-centered ideologies to substantially improve its education quality. It strives to improve the quality of its undergraduate teaching by reforming training modes of human resources, teaching contents, and curriculum system, s

41、trengthening and standardizing its teaching administration, and further improving the teaching quality for the undergraduates. The University attaches great importance to fostering students practical ability and creativity and strives to enhance their overall abilities, and so far satisfactory resul

42、ts have been witnessed. Unit 7 Text A V & SA. 1. tyranny2. will fragment3. flock4. deem5. lament6. dissolve7. have a finger in every pie8. hark back to9. be relevant to10. be tailored to 11. carve out niches12. notch up B. 1. Languages are vehicles of value systems and of cultural expressio

43、ns and they constitute a determining factor in the identity of groups and individuals. Yet, it is reckoned, more than fifty per cent of the worlds 6000 languages are on the verge of becoming extinct. And, as a matter of fact, one language disappears on average every two weeks. Many factors contribut

44、e to language extinction. But the English language prevalent worldwide is certainly to blame and its hegemony is worrisome.2. There is overwhelming/compelling evidence that the United States is undoubtedly a global leader in many ways. While exporting its high-tech products and commercial artifacts,

45、 the United States is imposing American values on the world. Therefore, some people turn their noses up at globalization, fearing that it is in fact equivalent to Americanization. Such fears are not over-blown.Translation1. 見原參考譯文2. The trend towards globalization began in earnest in the early 1970s

46、 when the system of fixed exchange rates, set up after World War II, was dismantled. This meant that the value of currencies would now be determined by the markets instead of individual governments. Over the next two decades, countries slowly began to remove their exchange controls. By 1990, nearly

47、all worlds major economies had got rid of restrictions on how much money could be moved in and out of their countries. In theory, governments are free to set their own economic policies; in practice, they must conform to a global economic model or risk being penalized by the markets.Other factors co

48、ntributing to the rise of globalization are communication technologies, and better transportation systems. These have enabled companies to grow into multinationals-producing goods on one side of the planet and selling them on the other. Unit 8 Text V & SA. 1. audacity2. opulent3. loiter4. in all

49、 sincerity 5. contrives6. enormity7. subservience8. condescend9. profile 10. deft B. 1. Owing to the fierce competition, he was compelled to be busy with his work all day long. He could hardly afford the time to phone his aged parents, to say nothing of going back often to take care of them. He neve

50、r thought of his parents without feeling apologetic, knowing that he was unworthy of their kindness.2. It seemed to J. B. Priestley that wearing clothes properly was a full-time job. Therefore, he always cheerfully bagged and sagged as if he had slept in his suits. And he could not understand how a

51、man could contrive to look neat and spruce and do anything else.3. The sober young man has a certain air of arrogance about him. It is incredible that you should have wrung friendliness out of him. Text B2. A man may usually be known by the books he reads as well as the company he keeps; for there i

52、s a companionship of books as well as of men; and one should always live in the best company, whether it be of books or of men.A good book may be among the best of friends. It is the same today that it always was, and it will never change. It is the most patient and cheerful of companions. It does n

53、ot turn its back upon us in terms of adversity or distress. It always receives us with the same kindness; amusing and instructing us in youth, and comforting and consoling us in age.Unit 9 Text A V & SA. 1. undermining2. hinges on3. espouse4. inhabit5. paradox6. have stagnated7. predicament8. je

54、opardize9. wake up to10. inextricablyTranslation B. 1. At the global level, the environmental movement has already been under way for decades and the public awareness of environment protection has been correspondingly enhanced. In spite of this, the health of Mother Earth is still deteriorating at a

55、n unprecedented rate. Many people cant help wondering how long it will take for human beings to turn things around.2. Without abiding by the basic ecological principles, some underdeveloped countries have achieved rapid economic growth in the past decades but at the expense of the environment. To ma

56、ke matters worse, they have failed to put effective brakes on the overgrowth of their populations. As a result, environmental degradation and population expansion are driving an ever-increasing number of people into poverty.Text BV & S 1. epitomize 2. facilitate 3. took shape 4. gained a foothol

57、d 5. vintage 6. insulates7. par excellence8. glazed9. derelict10. nestlingTranslation1. （略）2. Green Olympics, Humanism Olympics and Technology Olympics are the three major themes of Beijings bid for hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. Actively responding to the call of the International Olympic Committe

58、e, Beijing will make a prominent feature of environmental protection at her Olympic Games. Through bidding for and hosting the Olympic Games, Beijing aims to further speed up her environmental protection plans to enhance the environmental quality, perfect her urban infrastructure construction, improve the living standards of the lo