中考英語復(fù)習(xí)--常見易錯(cuò)題

1、2011中考英語復(fù)習(xí)精品資料第五篇、 常見錯(cuò)誤常見錯(cuò)誤一覽表Aa 誤 I think it is an useful English dictionary.正 I think it is a useful English dictionary.析 在不定冠詞a與an的用法中要注意的一點(diǎn)是：an用在以元音開頭的詞之前；而a則用在以輔音開頭的詞之前。要特別注意的是以u字母打頭的單詞，如useful,university等，其第一個(gè)音標(biāo)是j，所以要特別予以注意。誤 I need a hour to finish this letter.正 I need an hour to finish this

2、letter.析 要注意hour和honest的第一個(gè)字母不發(fā)音。誤 My teacher is a unknown man, but he is a very good man.正 My teacher is an unknown man, but he is a very good man.析 要注意以u打頭的單詞，它的發(fā)音為時(shí)，單數(shù)名詞前要用an，如uncle等。誤 There is a f in the word football.正 There is an f in the word football.析 英文字母單獨(dú)使用時(shí)，如其第一個(gè)發(fā)音是元音時(shí)，其前面的不定冠詞應(yīng)該用an而不是a

3、.誤 I have a little brother. He is a 8yearold boy.正 I have a little brother. He is an 8yearold boy.析 要注意這些字母的第一個(gè)發(fā)音為元音，如eight, eleven等。able 誤 This bike is able to be repaired.正 This bike can be repaired.析 be able to 主要表達(dá)某事或某人具有某種能力去作某事，應(yīng)譯為有本領(lǐng)、有能力、可以作某事，如：Im able to swim across this river. 而can可以用來表示具有

4、接受能力或吸收能力。如：This radio can be repaired here. about 誤 This class is about to begin just now.正 This class is about to begin.析 要注意be about to 是將要的意思，含有將來時(shí)之意，不要與表示過去時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用。另外，be about to 一般用作書面語，對應(yīng)的口語是be going to.about on about與on都可以作關(guān)于講，但卻有所不同，例如：This book is about physics. 應(yīng)譯為這是一本關(guān)于物理學(xué)的科普讀物。而：This b

5、ook is on physics.則應(yīng)譯為這是一本物理學(xué)方面的專著。above 誤 The temperature is five degrees over zero.正 The temperature is five degrees above zero.析 表達(dá)在上方時(shí)，above與over是可以互換的，如：The sky is above(or over)our heads. 但是要表達(dá)在垂直方向上的上方時(shí)則應(yīng)用above不可用over，如：The sun has risen above the horizon.誤 There is often thick cloud above th

6、e South of China in summer.正 There is often thick cloud over the South of China in summer.析 當(dāng)表達(dá)覆蓋之意時(shí)，只可用over而不能用above.誤 There is a bridge above the river.正 There is a bridge over the river.析 用來表達(dá)從上方越過時(shí)不能用above只能用over，如：The plane flew over the city. 但要注意There is waterfall above the bridge. 則應(yīng)譯為在橋的上游有

7、一個(gè)瀑布。across 誤 He ran across the wood.正 He ran through the wood.析 across是指某一動(dòng)作在一平面內(nèi)進(jìn)行，而through則是指該動(dòng)作在一三維立體空間的運(yùn)動(dòng)過程。如：The man came in through the window. He walked across the square.across across的主要用法有兩個(gè)。其一，意為對面，如：There is a school just across the street. 其二，意為橫過，如：He walked across the street.afraid 誤

8、I dontt afraid of him.正 I am not afraid of him.析 要注意害怕afraid一詞在英語中不是動(dòng)詞，而是形容詞，要與be動(dòng)詞連用。after 誤 Two weeks after he left.正 Two weeks later he left.正 He left after two weeks.析 要表達(dá)在多少時(shí)間之后，英語中有兩種表達(dá)法，即：用later時(shí)，要時(shí)間在前，如three hours later; 而用after時(shí)要時(shí)間在后，如after three hours.誤 My father will be back after a few h

9、ours.正 My father will be back in a few hours.析 受中文的影響，這個(gè)介詞常常被誤用。當(dāng)你要表達(dá)在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)某個(gè)動(dòng)作可以完成時(shí)，一定要用in，而不能用after，因?yàn)閍fter是指在某一時(shí)間之后。例如：This work will be done in two days. 即表明在兩天內(nèi)這一工作一定會(huì)做完。而如用了after，即表示在兩天之后，完成的時(shí)間是不確定的。after behind after多用于表示順序的前后，如：She walked in the line after Tom. 或用來表示追趕，表示一種動(dòng)態(tài)，如：He ran after

10、Mary. 而behind多用于強(qiáng)調(diào)先進(jìn)與落后，如：She is much behind the other girls in sewing. 或者用于表達(dá)遲于，如：The train was ten minutes behind the time table. 或者與表示靜態(tài)的動(dòng)詞連用，如：She hid herself behind the flowers.afternoon 誤 He worked very hard in a hot afternoon.正 He worked very hard on a hot afternoon.析 習(xí)慣用的詞組in the afternoon,

11、如果加入任何修飾詞后其前面的介詞in都要改為on，不論其修飾詞在前還是在后，如：He swam in this river on the afternoon of June lst. 又如：Are you free on Sunday afternoon?against 誤 He against me.正 He is against me.析 要注意against意為反對，但它在英文中卻不是動(dòng)詞，而是介詞，如要講反對某事或某人時(shí)則要加動(dòng)詞be, 如：He is against somebody/something.against for against意為反對、不贊成；而for則意為同意，為其

12、反意詞。如：Are you for or against the plan?age 誤 He is twenty years old of age.正 He is twenty.正 He is twenty years old.正 He is at the age of twenty.ago 誤 Toms father has been dead five years ago.正 Toms father died five years ago.析 ago意為由說話時(shí)算起，若干時(shí)間以前。它只能和一般動(dòng)詞過去時(shí)連用，而不要與完成時(shí)連用。誤 Yesterday I met a friend. We

13、didnt see each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.正 Yesterday I met a friend. We hadnt seen each other for a long time since we left the college twenty years ago.析 要注意的是在本句是ago是用在由since引起的從句之中，只是從句應(yīng)用過去時(shí)，但不影響主句的時(shí)態(tài)。agree 誤 Does the teacher agree to us?正 Does the teacher a

14、gree with us?誤 Does he agree with our plan?正 Does he agree with us?析 agree with 指同意某人的提議、建議、計(jì)劃等。如果要講同意某項(xiàng)計(jì)劃則要用agree to, 如：Do you agree to the plan?all 誤 The old man has two sons. All of them are workers.正 The old man has two sons. Both of them are workers.析 all是指三者或以上的全部，而both則是指兩者都。誤 The all childre

15、n are playing football now.正 All the children are playing football now.析 all作修飾詞時(shí)其位置要在所有的修飾詞之前，不論這些修飾詞是定冠詞、指示代詞、形容詞或名詞，或代詞的所有格。誤 You all are right.正 You are all right.析 all作同位語時(shí)其位置要置于be動(dòng)詞之后，實(shí)意動(dòng)詞之前，如：The teachers all work hard. 或用于第一助動(dòng)詞之后，如：The boys have all been waiting for their mothers.almost 誤 Ne

16、arly nobody thinks he is right.正 Almost nobody thinks he is right.析 nearly與almost是近意詞，其含意差別不大，但是與否定詞連用時(shí)要用almost, 例如：She brought almost no money with her. 此句中的almost不能用nearly替換。alone 誤 The old man lived lone but he didnt feel lonely.正 The old man lived alone, but he didnt feel lonely.析 alone, lone, l

17、onely 三個(gè)詞全具有孤單、孤獨(dú)之意。但其用法不同：lone可以作定語，而alone則只能作表語，lonely則多指感情上與感覺上的孤獨(dú)。already 誤 We are already for the work.正 We are all ready for the work.析 already 是副詞，其意為已經(jīng)，如：He already knew about it. 而all ready為形容詞意為準(zhǔn)備好。already yet already多用于肯定句中，例如：The students have already finished the work. 而yet則多用于疑問句與否定句中，

18、如：Have you finished it yet? I havent finished it yet.also 誤 I didnt find the dictionary also.正 I didnt find the dictionary either.析 作為也講，在否定句中要用either而不能用also.also too also與too都可用在肯定句中表示也，但also通常用于be動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞之后，如：I can also do it myself. 而too一般放于句尾。Ill attend his class, too.always 誤 Always he asked hi

19、mself why he had come here.正 He always asked himself why he had come here.析 always一般不能用于句首，它在一般句中的位置是于動(dòng)詞之前第一助動(dòng)詞之后，如：Ive always thought he is honest. 又如：He is always late.among 誤 If the three apples are divided among the two boys how much will each receive?正 If the three apples are divided among the

20、three boys how much will each receive?析 among常用于三個(gè)事物或人物之間，而between則多用于兩者之間。an 誤 This is an useful dictionary.正 This is a useful dictionary.析 詳見a條。and 誤 He did not speak loudly and clearly.正 He did not speak loudly nor clearly.誤 Our school is not in New York and Chicago, but in Boston.正 Our school is

21、 not in New York or Chicago, but in Boston.析 和這一概念在肯定句中應(yīng)用and，但在否定句中則要用orangry 誤 My mother was angry to me.正 My mother was angry with me.誤 He was angry with what I said.正 He was angry at what I said.析 要注意be angry后面如果接人，表示對某人生氣不滿時(shí)應(yīng)用be angry with somebody. 但要接事物時(shí)要用be angry at something.another 誤 I have

22、 two sisters, one in America and another in English.正 I have two sisters, one in America and the other in English.析 要注意英語中another, other, the other, the others, others的不同用法，現(xiàn)分別說明如下：another作形容詞其意為：泛指的另一個(gè)或再一個(gè)，別的，類似的。一般在句中作定語，如: This is not good enough, please show me another one. another還可以作為代詞用，如：One

23、 student said：I want to play baskball.another said：I want to play football.other作形容詞其意為泛指其余的，別的。如：I have other books besides these. 又如：Ask some other people please. the other則為特指，作形容詞時(shí)其后面可接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如：She has two flowers. One is white, the other one is yellow. (特指，單數(shù))又如：There are fifty students in our

24、 class, twenty five are boys, the other students are girls. (特指，復(fù)數(shù))但當(dāng)the other作為代詞時(shí)，它代表的可以是單數(shù)，也可以是復(fù)數(shù)，如：He has a book in one hand, and a pen in the other. (單數(shù))又如：There are some people in the room. Four are girls, the other(復(fù)數(shù))are boys. 要注意的是當(dāng)the other作主語時(shí)，其后面的謂語動(dòng)詞要視具體情況而定，它可能是單數(shù)，也可能是復(fù)數(shù)。others則只能作代詞，其

25、意為other ones即為：泛指某些，某一部分人或物，如：Each of us must think of others. 而the others只能作為代詞，它是特指某一些人或物，如：I know only one or two of the students; the others are unknown to me.answer 誤 Someone is knocking at the door. Please reply the door bell.正 Someone is knocking at the door, Please answer the door bell.析 ans

26、wer與reply是近意詞，作為及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)有時(shí)二者是可以互換的，如：The student answered/replied that he wanted to watch TV. 但在某些特定場合則不易互換。作為應(yīng)答之意時(shí)則多用answer，如：You should answer to your name. Please answer my letter as soon as possible. Answer my question in English.any 誤 Do you have some questions?正 Do you have any questions?析 some一

27、般要用于肯定句，而any則用于否定句或疑問句。誤 China is larger than any other countries in Asia.正 China is larger than any other country in Asia.析 要注意any other 其后要跟單數(shù)名詞，但any of the other 其后要接復(fù)數(shù)名詞。China is larger than any of the other countries in Asia.誤 Here are some books; you can choose anyone of these.正 Here are some

28、books; you can choose any one of these.析 anyone只能指人，而any one即可指人 也可以指物。around 誤 The nine planets go around of the sun.正 The nine planets go around the sun.析 around后面不要再加介詞，如：The sun shines all around us.around round 作介詞用的around與round通?？梢曰Q，只不過美語常用around，而英語常用round，例如：You can see the post office roun

29、d/around that corner. (繞過那個(gè)彎你就可以看到郵局。但是一定要區(qū)別它們的不同之處：round可以用作形容詞、副詞、介詞、動(dòng)詞、名詞；而around只能用作副詞或介詞。例如：The post office is just round (around) the house (用作介詞). He has round face (用作形容詞). The river rounded the stones. (用作動(dòng)詞)arrive 誤 I arrived Beijing the day before yesterday.正 I arrived in Beijing the day

30、before yesterday.正 I reached Beijing the day before yesterday.誤 He arrived in the school at 1100.正 He arrived at the school at 1100.析 arrive為不及物動(dòng)詞，當(dāng)?shù)竭_(dá)的是較大的地理區(qū)域時(shí)用介詞in，而到達(dá)較小的地方時(shí)則用at, 如：arrive in New York, arrive at the village.arrive reach get arrive如上所述是不及物動(dòng)詞，而reach則是及物動(dòng)詞。如：How did you reach the scho

31、ol this morning? 而get可用作不及物動(dòng)詞，作到達(dá)講時(shí)其后面多與to連用。如：When did you get to New York?as 誤 This man works in the bank for a manager.正 This man works in the bank as a manager.析 as與for有時(shí)是可以通用的。如：This room is used as (for) a classroom. 但是用來指官銜、職位時(shí)只能用as.誤 My brother is so taller as Tom.正 My brother is as tall as

32、Tom.析 as as之間只能用形容詞與副詞的原級(jí)，而不能用比較級(jí)。在否定句中可以用soas，也可以用asas，但在肯定句中只能用asas，如：He is not so tall as Tom.誤 Ill give him the note as soon as he will come.正 Ill give him the note as soon as he comes.析 as soon as所引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中應(yīng)使用一般時(shí)態(tài)表示將來。ask 誤 The student asked a question to the teacher.正 The student asked the teac

33、her a question.析 ask應(yīng)接雙賓語，即ask somebody something.誤 They asked some books.正 They asked for some books.析 向某人要求某物時(shí)應(yīng)用ask somebody for something或ask for something from somebody, 如：He asked his mother for some money. 或He asked for some money from his mother.asleep 誤 He is deeply asleep.正 He is fast aslee

34、p.析 要講熟睡，就要用fast來修飾asleep。另外， 在英語中一般不講somebody is sleeping而要用asleep。關(guān)于睡覺這一詞的慣用法還有：go to sleep(如：The old man usually goes to sleep at ten.)， fall asleep(如：I fell asleep at English class yes terday.)at 誤 It will really do you no harm quite.正 It will really do you no harm at all.析 at all和quite的漢語意思均為全然

35、、確定的，但at all適用于否定句，例如： -Im sorry. Im late.-No trouble at all. 又如：I dont think it is right at all. 而quite則適用于肯定句，例如：He is quite a good teacher.誤 The children play football for lunch.正 The children play football at lunch.析 英語中的at lunch為在吃午飯時(shí)。這種慣用法還有at work(在工作)，at table(在吃飯)，at desk(在學(xué)習(xí))。而for lunch則是為

36、午飯而準(zhǔn)備的食物，又如：We had some milk for breakfast.誤 There is a post office in the corner of the street.正 There is a post office at the corner of the street.析 at the corner是指墻外面的角，而in the corner是指建筑物內(nèi)部的角落。例如：There is a computer in the corner of the room. There is a street lamp at the corner of the street.at

37、 in on 在表示時(shí)間時(shí)用來表示具體鐘點(diǎn)用at，如：He will be back at six. 表示一天的上、 下午時(shí)要用in,如：I usually get up at six in the morning. 但要注意的是，in the morning和in the afternoon這兩個(gè)詞組中如果加入了任何修飾詞，其介詞要換為on， 如：on the cold morning, on the hot afternoon.又如：See you on Monday morning. 如講到具體的某一天，要用on, 如：on Sunday, 如：I usually want to vis

38、it my mother on Sundays. 在談到周、月、季、年時(shí)要用in，如：All the children will be happy in Easter week. He was born in July. 但要注意在泛指圣誕節(jié)、復(fù)活節(jié)、感恩節(jié)時(shí)都用at, 如：Where are you going at Easter.Bback 誤 Im sorry. I have to back home.正 Im sorry. I have to go back home.正 Im sorry. I have to go home.析 back用作回到(某處)之意，不是動(dòng)詞。be 誤 Wh

39、ere do you from?正 Where are you from?析 你從何處來應(yīng)為Where are you from?或Where do you come from? 但要注意這兩句話均是問對方從哪個(gè)國家來的。要是口語中問你是從什么地方來?應(yīng)講Where did you come from? 回答用I came from the library.beat 誤 We have won your class.正 We have beaten your class.正 We have won the game.析 win是勝過之意，它是及物動(dòng)詞，但其后的賓語只能接比賽、戰(zhàn)爭、獎(jiǎng)品、獎(jiǎng)金的

40、名稱，如：Which team won the football match? 而beat指打敗對手、敵人如：My brother beat me at poker.(要注意的是，beat的過去式與原形相同，而過去分詞為beaten)。誤 The ball beat me badly.正 The ball hit me badly.誤 He used to hit the little boy black and blue.正 He used to beat the little boy black and blue.析 beat指打擊多次，而hit則為擊中對方的一次性打擊。beautiful

41、 誤 He is a beautiful boy.正 He is a handsome boy.析 我們可以講She is a beautiful girl. This is a beautiful park. 但要講男人的英俊時(shí)要用handsome.because 誤 The reason why I was late is because I was ill.正 The reason why I was late is that I was ill.誤 Because it was Sunday, so the park was crowded.正 Because it was Sunda

42、y the park was crowded.析 這種錯(cuò)誤是因?yàn)橹形牡牧?xí)慣與英語的表述法不同，中文常講我來晚了的原因是因?yàn)槲也×?，而英文中的第二個(gè)因?yàn)橐胻hat代替。又因中文常講因?yàn)樗?，而英文中用了因?yàn)榫筒荒茉儆盟粤?，同樣用了所以也就不要再用因?yàn)橐辉~。例如：Because we study hard, we passed the exam easily. 或者：We study hard so we passed the exam easily.because because of because后要接從句，例如：We like physics because we can learn

43、a lot of new ideas. 而because of后要接名詞作介詞賓語，如：He is not at school because of the illness.before 誤 We have two hours to kill before we will go home.正 We have two hours to kill before we go home.析 kill time意為消磨時(shí)光。英語狀語從句中要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作。如：If it rains we will not go to the park.誤 I did this work two days b

44、efore.正 I did this work two days ago.析 用ago組成的時(shí)間狀語其主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去時(shí)，而before引起的時(shí)間狀語其主句中的謂語動(dòng)詞多用完成時(shí)，如：I has done this work a few days before.before long long before before long是不久之意，例如：I shall go to America before long. 而long before則是很久很久之意，如：We knew this teacher long before we saw him. (我們在看到這位老師之前很久就知道他

45、了。)begin 誤 The meeting will begin from Monday.正 The meeting will begin on Monday.誤 The film has begun for ten minutes.正 The film has been on for ten minutes.析 begin是瞬間動(dòng)詞，所以它的完成時(shí)態(tài)不能接表示一段時(shí)間的狀語，如：The film has begun. 這句話是對的，即電影已經(jīng)開始。但要講已經(jīng)開始10分鐘了則要用has been on即上演了10分鐘。begin start begin與start兩詞后面加不定式或動(dòng)名詞都可

46、以，且意思并無區(qū)別，但在表達(dá)習(xí)慣時(shí)接動(dòng)名詞的用法較多，如：How old wern you when you first started learning English?但這兩個(gè)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)中則多用不定式，如：I was beginning to get hungry. 但如果句子的主語是物而不是人，則多用不定式，如：The ice began to melt. It started to get dark before we got to school. 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞是表達(dá)某種心理狀態(tài)時(shí)，要用不定式，如：The student began to understand his mistakes.誤

47、 They study hard in the class from the beginning to the end.正 They study hard in the class from beginning to end.析 from beginning to end是習(xí)慣用法，即自始至終，不要加冠詞，但如單獨(dú)使用則要加冠詞，例如：At the beginning,the teacher gave us an exam.behind 誤 He missed the class because he was behind the time.正 He missed the class beca

48、use he was behind time.析 behind time一短語意為晚了，而behind the times意為落后于時(shí)代。behind是介詞同時(shí)又是副詞，如Come out from behind the door(介詞). Hes a long way behind(副詞). He fell behind with his classmates(副詞).below 誤 Whats that below the chair.正 Whats that under the chair.析 under意為正下方，而below意為比低，或指在下游。如：There is a fall b

49、elow the river. (河的下游有一個(gè)瀑布。)其反義詞為over，如：There is a big plane flying over the city. 但在下面的例子一表達(dá)語中則要用the example below, 而不要用under.beside 誤 The students stood besides the teacher.正 The students stood beside the teacher.誤 I study English beside Chinese.正 I study English besides Chinese.析 beside意為在旁邊，而bes

50、ides是除以外(還如何)。beside by near beside意為在旁，如：There is a tall tree beside the river. by多指倚、靠、沿著之意，如：She is standing by the window. near多用來表示兩地間距離不遠(yuǎn)，如：There is a post office near our school.better 誤 You had better to do it at home.正 You had better do it at home.誤 You hadnt better wake me up at six.正 You

51、had better not wake me up at six.析 had better在肯定句中為應(yīng)該作某事，其后加不帶to的不定式，而在否定句中應(yīng)用had better+not+動(dòng)詞原形。在簡答語中had常省略為d，如：Youd better not. 又如：Lets go first. No, wed better not.between 誤 Among the two trees there is a space of the feet.正 Between the two trees there is a space of the feet.析 兩者之間多用between，三者或三者

52、以上之間則用among.誤 You must choose between this club or that club.正 You must choose between this club and that club.析 在兩個(gè)之間作出選擇要用betweenand，而不能用betweenor.big 誤 There was a big rain last night.正 There was a heavy rain last night.析 大雨在英語中只能用a heavy rain而不要用a big rain. bit 誤 He is a bit fool. 正 He is a bit

53、of a fool.析 a bit可以作程度副詞，與a little相同，但它用于名詞前應(yīng)用a bit of, 而用于形容詞前則應(yīng)用a bit，如：Im a bit tired, 而其簡答的否定句應(yīng)為Not a bit, (一點(diǎn)兒也不。)又如：-Do you mind if I open the door?-Not a bit. black 誤 The children became black after swimming in the sea.正 The children became sunburned after swimming in the sea.析 因太陽照曬而皮膚變黑，不應(yīng)用

54、black而應(yīng)用sunburned, sun colour或dark.誤 The girl has black eyes and black hair.正 The girl has dark eyes and black hair.析 英語中black eyes的意思是被打得發(fā)青的眼睛。誤 The Europeans like red tea.正 The Europeans like black tea.析 紅茶在英文中應(yīng)為black tea. 這種慣用法還有：black and blue(鼻青臉腫，青一塊紫一塊)；blackandwhite(黑白電視片)。go black意為在失去知覺時(shí)眼前一片黑暗；look black意為情況不妙，前景暗淡。如：After the fight he was black and blue.On TV, I like colour for something and blackandwhite for others.body 誤 Going to bed earlier and getti