高中英語閱讀理解技巧公開課 真題演練課件高考英語復(fù)習(xí)

1、高考英語閱讀理解高考英語閱讀理解解題技巧解題技巧詞義猜測(cè)型詞義猜測(cè)型 要求正確理解短文中一些關(guān)健詞、短語或句子的含義。常用的手段是利用多種表達(dá)法、詞的多義性、同近義語替換、習(xí)語釋義、句型或語態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換等。1透徹理解題意，從短文中找到相關(guān)的詞、短語或句子，根據(jù)特定的語境判斷理解，推敲斟酌，最后確定含義。 2 要熟悉常見的設(shè)問形式：1) The underlined word in the paragraph refers to /means _.2) What does “_” in paragraph stand for /mean?3) “_” could best be replaced by

2、 which of the following?4) The expression /phrase “_” means _.5) The word “_” is closest in meaning to _.詞句理解題解題方法生活生活常識(shí)常識(shí)上下文上下文對(duì)比對(duì)比轉(zhuǎn)折轉(zhuǎn)折因果因果關(guān)系關(guān)系同位同位關(guān)系關(guān)系同義詞同義詞反義詞反義詞構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法定義定義猜猜How to guess the meaning of words?資金資金 n. At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a business, nor were th

3、ey able to borrow the amount of money they needed from the bank. money同義詞、近義詞nor反義詞eg. Unlike his brother, who is truly a handsome man, John is quite homely “homely” means “ ”.uglyUnlike handsomeRather than liking the movie, as I expected them to, all my friends abhorred it. 厭惡，憎恨If you agree, write

4、 “yes”; if you dissent, write “no”. 不贊成；不同意Rather than likingnoyesagree反義詞反義詞常見信號(hào)詞：常見信號(hào)詞： however, but, while, whereas, unlike, otherwise等；等；同義詞同義詞常見信號(hào)詞：常見信號(hào)詞：or, namely, that is, i.e., that is to say等。等。- since you are my superior（上級(jí)）, it would be presumptuous of me to tell you what to do .（2005年上海

5、卷）Afull of respect Btoo confident and rude Clacking in experience Dtoo shy and quiet sincesuperior因果關(guān)系因果關(guān)系常見信號(hào)詞因果關(guān)系常見信號(hào)詞: because, as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore，so that， etc.經(jīng)驗(yàn)和常識(shí)In spite of the fact the fishermen were wearing souwesters, the storm was so heavy that they were wet throug

6、h. a kind of raincoat 推理判斷型推理判斷型 推理判斷題推理判斷題：高考重頭戲，20個(gè)題中常有6-8個(gè)，著重考查學(xué)生歸納概括、邏輯推理等綜合能力。 以原文內(nèi)容以原文內(nèi)容為前提，據(jù)作者的觀點(diǎn)理論（非考生觀點(diǎn)），客觀地對(duì)文中未明顯說明的現(xiàn)象或事例給予合理的邏輯推斷，做出一定解釋。推推理理判判斷斷型型 正確選項(xiàng)一般不是文中的原句正確選項(xiàng)一般不是文中的原句推理判斷型推理判斷型常見的命題方式有：常見的命題方式有：1. The passage implies (暗示暗示) that_.2. We can conclude (得出結(jié)論得出結(jié)論) from the passage that

7、_.3. Which of the following can be inferred (推論推論)?4.What is the tone (語氣語氣) of the author ?5.What is the purpose (目的目的) of this passage?6.The passage is intended to _.7.Where would this passage most probably appear? “Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas without strict

8、er control need changing “says Peter Schantz. Monkey-pox may be the wake-up call .Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners .We know very little about these new diseases .A new bug（病毒）may be kind at first. But it may develop into something harmful（有害的）.Monkey-pox doesnt look a maj

9、or infectious disease. But it is not impossible to pass the disease from person to person.1 (全國)67. The text suggests that in the future we .A. should stop buying pets from AmericaB. may easily get infected by diseases from dogsC. should not be allowed to have petsD. may have to fight against more n

10、ew diseases(absolute)(absolute)(wrong)五：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度五：觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度型型既考查學(xué)生對(duì)字面意思的理解，也考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者寫作目的、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等既考查學(xué)生對(duì)字面意思的理解，也考查學(xué)生對(duì)作者寫作目的、態(tài)度、觀點(diǎn)等的理解。的理解。理解作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度題主要形式理解作者的觀點(diǎn)和態(tài)度題主要形式:1.The authors view is 2.The text discusses men and women 50,000 years from now in order to show that 3. How does the author feel about.? 4. Wha

11、t is the authors attitude towards ? 常見表達(dá)態(tài)度的詞語：常見表達(dá)態(tài)度的詞語：opposite optimistic pessimistic positive negative subjective objective critical indifferent 相反的相反的樂觀的樂觀的悲觀的悲觀的 主觀的主觀的 客觀的客觀的 批判的批判的 漠不關(guān)心的漠不關(guān)心的消極的消極的積極的積極的 Why isnt your newspaper reporting any good news？All I read about is murder bribery（行賄），行賄

12、），and deathFrankly ,Im sick of all this bad news Attitude inferences（根據(jù)能表達(dá)作者態(tài)度的詞推斷）根據(jù)能表達(dá)作者態(tài)度的詞推斷）This authors attitude towards the newspaper reporting is to _ A. complain B. apologize C. amuse D. inform 鞏固練習(xí) Read the following passages and see if you understand the words or phrases that may be new t

13、o you: Passage 1. We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feel acceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane. 1.

14、 Acceleration is the name for _. A. any kind of movement B. the movement of a plane C. a steady speed D. an increase in speed Passage 2. A tornado can do a lot of damage. The wind of a tornado rushes at great speed around a funnel-shaped cloud. It travels in a path a few hundred feet wide and about

15、twenty-five miles long. As the wind circles, the funnel spirals higher and higher. 2. A tornado is a _. A. rainstorm B. dust storm C. great circle wind D. huge funnel of water Passage 3. STOCKHOLMA Swede and two Americans won the 2000 Nobel Prize for medicine on Oct. 9 for studies on how messages mo

16、ve around the nervous system. The discovery makes it possible to develop drugs against Parkinsons disease and schizophrenia. Arvid Carlson of Sweden and Paul Greengard and Eric Kandel of the United States share the first prize of the millennium, worth nearly US$ 1 million, for their discoveries, Swe

17、dens Karlinska Institute said. 3. What does the underlined word “schizophrenia” probably mean? A. a kind of illness B. a new discovery C. a name of a subject D. a new drug Passage 4. New York: when the first jet struck 1 World Trade Center at 8:48 am on Tuesday, the people in 2 World Trade Center wi

18、th a view of the instant damage across the divide had the clearest sense of what they, too, must do: get out fast. Among the uncertainty about what was the best thing to do, formal announcements inside the south tower instructed people to stay put, telling them that the building was in good conditio

19、n and the threat was limited to the other tower. 4. The underlined words “stay put” means_. A. to keep silentB. to leave at once C. to stay in the building D. to put everything back and then leave Passage 5. All the athletes try to be at the closing ceremony. They have forgotten all their fears and worries. It