江蘇啟東中學12-13高一上期末復習測試11-英語講解

1、【考點透視】 I 重點短語take over接管、占據(jù)take off 脫掉（衣帽等）、切除（物）、動身、（飛機等）起飛、請（幾天）假take off從（價格）中減去take on 雇用（某人）、承擔（工作）、呈現(xiàn)、流行take out 取出1. take to喜歡上（某人）、開始（）、養(yǎng)成的惡習take up拿起、占有、開始、繼續(xù)、（車輛等）搭載（乘客）take in吸收、包括、了解、理解、欺騙、收留（某人）住宿take back取回（某物）、收回（承諾等）、歸還take after（長得）像（父母等）take for把當作、誤認為求助于翻到（書的某頁）2. turn to變成開始工作把注意

2、力導向 U毀滅 the of civilizationC常用pl. 廢墟、遺址 the s of ancient Rome3. ruin in ruins 成為廢墟的、荒蕪的 bring to ruin 使毀滅 fall in/into ruin = go to ruin 滅亡；荒蕪vt. Heavy smoking ruined his health. ruin oneselfruin/ destroy/ damage 都含有“破壞、毀滅”的意思，但有區(qū)別：destroy指徹底毀壞不能或很難修復。damage指價值、用途降低或外表損壞等，不一定全部破壞，損壞了還可以修復。ruin現(xiàn)在多用于借

3、喻中，泛指一般的“弄壞了”。remains pl. 剩余、殘留物； pl. 遺體、尸首 link v. 保持，仍然處于(某種狀態(tài)) = still to be = continue to be = stay 4. remain 后接形容詞、名詞.、分詞、不定式或介詞短語等 vi 剩下 ，還有 stay remaining adj.剩下的 the remaining time = the time left(注意remaining和left的位置變化) 比較：remain / stay 作連系動詞，意為“繼續(xù)保持某一狀態(tài)”（continue to be）時，?？苫Q。表示“剩余”、“殘存”時，通

4、常只用remain，而不用stay。remain暗指呆在原地或保持原來的形狀或狀態(tài)。只能用作不及物動詞，故無被動式，不能帶賓語。主語可以是人，也可以是物。stay指在某地作短暫停留，或逗留在一定的場所。主語通常是人。be involved in 熱衷于、專心于、參與、卷入、牽涉到5.involve oneself with 和混在一起、和有牽連involve sth. 包含、需要 winning the game involves both skill and fortune. = take away移開 = take off脫掉6. remove from =get rid of除掉、清除

5、=dismiss from 撤職 =move 搬家“環(huán)境、情況、條件”，常用pl.U“狀態(tài)、狀況”，但可與a連用 in good condition ; in a terrible condition7. condition“環(huán)境、情況”，其前的介詞用under / in on condition that “在條件下” in a condition to do sth. 宜于做某事 on no condition 在任何條件下都不 n. / pron. 8. require + sb. to do sth. doing/ to be done 從句 用虛擬語氣 (should) + 動詞原形

6、 in return (for) 作為（對的）回報 / 報答by return （接信后）立即作復Many happy returns (of the day)! 祝你長壽！祝你長命百歲！9.in turn 依次地by turns 輪流地Its onecarry out實施、執(zhí)行、進行10.carry on進行、繼續(xù)。有時可跟動名詞carry on with 繼續(xù)做（某事）carry off奪走（獎賞）、帶走adj. 主要的、重要的、較大的11. major n. 主修科目、主修學生vi. 主修 （in +科目）in memory of 12. = to the memory of為紀念 （只

7、用于對已故人的懷念）in honor of = in ones honor 為紀念 （既可用于對已故人的紀念，也可用于對活人的敬意）goods 貨物、商品、財產(chǎn)。（復數(shù)形式，無單數(shù)形式，不可與數(shù)詞連用，但可與many，these，those等連用。作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。）13. possession （pl.）財產(chǎn)；所有物； U 持有；具有wealth U 財富 II 重點句型1. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, so was the city.2. A saying goes that Rome wasnt built

8、 in a day. (= As the saying goes,)3. I am very honored and grateful that you have come today.4. Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one the largest empires in history.5. There is another similarity between China and Rome.【題例精析】【例1】A large number of stude

9、nts in our school _from the countryside; the number _ growing these years. （2007上海育才2月交流卷）A. is; has beenB. are; has beenC. is; have beenD. are; have been【易錯點悟】解答該題的關(guān)鍵是要注意a number of 和the number of 后接名詞復數(shù)作主語時的主謂一致關(guān)系?！疽c精析】a number of意思為“許多”，后接復數(shù)名詞作主語時，應(yīng)視為復數(shù)，謂語動詞要用復數(shù)形式； the number of后接復數(shù)名詞，意思為“的數(shù)量”，表

10、示單數(shù)意義，謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式?！敬鸢浮緽【例2】ONeal works hard.So he does. He is often seen _ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice. （2007浙江余杭中學2月卷）A. to be sweatedB. sweatedC. be sweatedD. sweating【易錯點悟】解答該題關(guān)鍵是要正確處理好“感覺動詞、使役動詞”主動形式與被動形式復合結(jié)構(gòu)中動詞的選用?！敬鸢附馕觥扛鶕?jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，感覺動詞see用于被動結(jié)構(gòu)，選項A、C不可以用于這一結(jié)構(gòu)中；選項B為被動

11、意義，不成立；只有選項D(sweating)現(xiàn)在分詞與be seen構(gòu)成復合結(jié)構(gòu)，強調(diào)狀態(tài)?！敬鸢浮緿【單元檢測】單項填空1. Mr. Wang has been selected _ chairman of the conference.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. Housework _ cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.A. involvingB. involving inC. involvesD. involves in3. The emergency _ that the police should be ca

12、lled at once.A. insistsB. suggestsC. requiresD. advises4. Are you very anxious? Yes. Ten minutes _ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.A. seem B. seemsC. do D. does5. What do you think of Peter? He is a helpful person. He is always helping people without expecting anything _.A. in tur

13、nB. in returnC. on his returnD. on the turn6. The refugees (難民)have been fed, clothed and _ by welfare organizations around the world.A. storedB. collectedC. housedD. provided7. Why didnt you join them? You are _. I had to receive an unexpected visitor.A. wanted toB. wanted to haveC. supposed toD. s

14、upposed to have8. John is the only son of the couple, so it is certain that he will _ the big business when his father gets old.A. hand overB. take overC. go overD. turn over9. With more forests _, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away.A. being destroyedB. destroyedC. to be destroyedD.

15、 destroying10. Nothing _ after the terrible fire which had been cause by someone smoking in bed.A. remainedB. leftC. continuedD. kept11. The meeting being over, I found her _ at the desk and _ to music.A. seating; listenedB. seated; listenedC. seating; listeningD. seated; listening12. _ as one, the

16、people of that country eventually drove the invaders out of their country.A. LinkedB. CombinedC. JoinedD. United13. A monument was set up at the centre of Tiananmen Square _ those who devoted their lives to our country.A. in praise ofB. in place ofC. in memory ofD. in need of14. Some young people ar

17、e holding a birthday party next door, and the noise nearly _ me crazy.A. letB. getC. makeD. drive15.You didnt get hurt at all in the traffic accident? _. I was a lucky dog. A. No problem B. I dont think soC. Im afraid not D. Good heavens no完形填空One fine evening a man walked into a fast - food chicken

18、 place and bought a nine - piece bucket of chicken. He 16 his chicken to the park for a romantic picnic under the moonlight with his 17 .Upon reaching into the 18 , however, he received a 19 . Instead of chicken he discovered nine thousand dollars! The young man 20 the bucket back to the store and a

19、sked for his 21 exchange for the money. The manager, 22 by the young mans honesty, asked for his name and told him he wanted to call the 23 and the local news station to do a morality (道德說教) that would 24 others. “My dates waiting, I just want my chicken,” the hungry man refused.The manager was deep

20、ly struck by the young mans humility (謙虛). He 25 to be allowed to tell the story on the news. At this the honest man became 26 with the manager and demanded his chicken. “You are an honest man in a (an) 27 world! This is a perfect opportunity to show the world that there are honest people 28 willing

21、 to take a stand for what is right. Please, give me your 29 and also the womans name. Is that your wife?”“Thats the 30 ,”said the young man. “My wife is at home. The woman in the car is my girlfriend. Now let me have my chicken 31 I can get out of here.” Its 32 to look good to people who dont 33 you

22、. Many of us do a good deed here and there, and everyone 34 were something that we are not. But God sees your heart. It really doesnt matter how much you 35 or what other people think of you. What matters is whats on the inside.16. A. took B. ate C. carried D. sent17. A. sister B. wife C. friend D.

23、lady18. A. park B. car C. pocket D. bucket19. A. love B. welcome C. surprise D. pleasure20. A. returned B. brought C. got D. lifted21. A. money B. right C. change D. chicken22. A. moved B. encouraged C. surprised D. delighted23. A. newspaper B. people C. government D. public24. A. please B. desire C

24、. inspire D. interest25. A. asked B. begged C. needed D. required26. A. glad B. calm C. angry D. silent 27. A. dishonest B. honest C. lovely D. peaceful28. A. never B. even C. yet D. still29. A. address B. name C. chicken D. opinion30. A. problem B. difficulty C. astonishment D. excitement 31 .A. bu

25、t B. so C. for D. as32. A. difficult B. good C. easy D. pleasant33. A. know B. love C. realize D. understand34. A. finds B. says C. thinks D. insists35. A. get B. do C. pay D. receive閱讀理解 (A)If youre the type of traveler who just wants a suitable place to hang your hat and you dont want to spend a f

26、ortune to do it, here are several ways to save on your next hotel room: *Be Flexible Hotel rates are based on supply and demand, so be aware of peak periods. If your destinations high season is from December through April and youre trying to book near the end of April, you might find considerable sa

27、vings if you change your travel dates by a week or two. *Check Hotel Web Sites The large travel-booking Web sites often sell rooms from the middlemen who have bought up empty hotel moms. But the major hotel chains also offer last-minute discounts, and because theyre not paying the middleman, they so

28、metimes have better deals than the travel sites. *Dont be Afraid to Bargain Most people are so intimidated (畏縮的) by know-it-all hotel desk clerks that they dont bargain for a better deal. But bargaining for a better deal is often worth the trouble, because most hotel general managers would prefer ha

29、ving a customer paying a lower-than-usual rate to no customer at all. And if you find something unfair on your hotel bill, dont be afraid to complain. To keep your goodwill, hotels will often reduce or cancel such charges. *Avoid Hidden Costs Expensive little extras hotels never mention can increase

30、 the cost of your stay. Dont let this happen. Find out about resort fees, fees for parking and Internet use before you agree to stay. And dont touch the hotels phone unless you absolutely have to the rates can be more than $2 a minute even inside the United States.36. According to the passage, which

31、 of the following will save you some money?A. Change your visiting places in high season. B. Book rooms through Web sites.C. Use the hotels phone. D. Bargain with desk clerks for your room,37. That travelers can bargain for better deal is often based on the fact that _. A. managers often prefer a lo

32、wer-paid customer to no customer B. there are many places which should not be charged C. customers are often afraid to complain the price D. the desk clerks and managers often cheat the travelers38. The passage was mainly written to _.A. advertise hotelsB. complain high costsC. serve the travelers D

33、. introduce hotel services (B) Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greater chance of becoming better readers than those who dont. With help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills. “A lot of parents think after their child learns t

34、o read, they should stop reading to them,” Donna George said. “They are sadly mistaken.” George offers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. “It is better for children to hear things at a higher leve

35、l than where they are,” George said. “Parents are their childs first teacher.” Parents help their children build listening, phonics, comprehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them. Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy-television and limit the t

36、ime their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV in their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Joines said while her 14-year-old daughter and 10-year-old son enjoy reading, the t

37、elevision sometimes becomes a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting books the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series. Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being enthusiastic about it. If parents would read to

38、their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in school. It is the patents job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important.39. According to George, reading aloud to children _.A. help them co

39、rrect mistakesB. is helpful to their readingC. is parents first duty to their childrenD. can get children out of televisions attraction40. The underlined word (in Paragraph 4 ) means something that _.A. can improve childrens readingB. can help childrens right way of readingC. can make children inter

40、ested in readingD. can make children not attentive41. What does the fourth paragraph mainly want to show is important?A. reading skills B. reading speedC. feeding materials D. reading environment42. If the passage is not completed, which of the following can follow the fifth paragraph? A. Parents ch

41、oose reading materials for their children.B. Advice is given to control their children.C. What TV programs children can watch during reading.D. How children improve their reading by themselves.43. Which one would be the best title for the passage?A. Children Spend More Time Reading with Parents. B.

42、Parents Are Their Childs First Teacher. C. How Parents Make Their Child a Better Render.D. How to Improve Childrens Reading Ability.對話填空A= a passer-by B = a nativeA: (44) E_ me, could you tell me which bus I can take to the Wang Fu Jing Department Store?B: Just take the No. 1 bus going in that (45)

43、d_ (pointing) and get off at the Wang Fu Jing Stop. Walk a few (46) s_ to the corner and turn left. Keep on (47) g_ until you come to a tall cream-colored building. Thats the Wang Fu Jing Department Store. There are usually a lot of cars (48) p_ in front of it.A: Thank you. And where is the No. 1 bu

44、s stop?B: (pointing) Its over there.A: How many (49) s_ are there from here to Wang Fu Jing?B: Only one.A: In that case, Id rather walk.B: Its about a twenty-five (50) m_ walk. I think you must know the Beijing Hotel when you see it.A: Yes, I do. Its on the (51) l_ side of the street.B: Thats right.

45、 You walk (52) p_ the Hotel and turn left at the (53) c_. Keep on walking and youll get to the Department Store.A: Thank you.B: Youre welcome.(44)_(45) _(46) _(47) _(48) _(49) _(50) _(51) _(52) _(53) _書面表達最近，你班就“考試”這一話題舉行了一次討論會。請根據(jù)以下信息，用英語寫一篇短文，敘述大家對考試的看法?？荚嚪浅Ｖ匾梢酝ㄟ^考試了解自己的學習效果，把成績作為努力的動力?？荚嚥⒉荒苷f明什么1.

46、 有人得高分就興高采烈,考試不及格就情緒低落。2. 有的為了取得好成績,甚至不參加任何課外活動。3. 如果沒有考試，大家就不必為此擔心，還可以選 擇自己喜歡的科目，多參加課外活動，在社會實踐中學習更多的東西。你對考試的看法1.考試是必要的,但應(yīng)該進行適當?shù)母母铩?#160;   1. 短文必須包括所有要點。    2. 詞數(shù)：120左右。    3. 參考詞匯：改革reform ； 課外活動 extra-curricular activities4. 文章的第一句已為你寫好，不計入總詞數(shù)：Some stu

47、dents think that it is very important to have an exam._【答案解析】【單項填空】1D。表示頭銜職務(wù)地名詞作賓語、補語及同位語時（有時放在as之后），一般不用冠詞。2C。involve在這里意為“包括、包含”。3C。require意為“要求”，引導賓語從句時用虛擬語氣。4B。表示時間、距離、金額數(shù)量等的名詞作為一個整體作主語時，謂語動詞常用單數(shù)形式。5B。B。in turn意為“依次”。in return意為“作為回報”。on his return意為“他一回來”。D無此用法。6C。house在此句中為動詞，意為“給（某人）提供住所”。根據(jù)題

48、意，其他選項均不符合。7D。此題考查be supposed to的用法。因為此事是已過去的事情，故用不定式的完成式。應(yīng)選D。8B。hand over意為“移交、交出”。take over意為“接管”。go over意為“復習、仔細檢查”。turn over意為“移交給、翻身”。9A。根據(jù)后面暗示動作正在進行，more forests 與destroy之間構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系且動作正在進行。故選A項。10A。remain意為“剩下、留下”，是不及物動詞。leave是及物動詞，若用被動形式也對。11D。seat是動詞，意為“使坐下”，常用被動形式，或后接反身代詞構(gòu)成seat oneself。12D

49、。link指將人或物連接或聯(lián)系起來。combine意為“結(jié)合、聯(lián)合”，指為了一目的而把兩個以上的事物聯(lián)系起來。unite意為“聯(lián)合、團結(jié)一致”。13C。in praise of“贊美、贊揚”。in place of“代替”。in memory of“紀念”。in need of“需要”。14D。drive sb. crazy意為“使某人發(fā)瘋”，是習慣搭配。15 D。Good heavens意為“天哪”。常用于表示“驚訝，譴責或?qū)捨俊保琻o相當于I dont get hurt。“No problem”。意為“沒關(guān)系，沒問題”，用于安慰對方。I dont think so 意為“我不這么認為”。當

50、我們不同意對方觀點或看法時，則使用本句。另一常聽到的語句 Im afraid not。也具有相近的表達意味，但語氣比I dont think so。更為委婉。【完形填空】16A?！鞍褞У饺ァ?用take sth. to 來表示。carry無方向性；send意為“寄去”，都不符合題意17D。從第二段可知，不是他妻子；從romantic picnic可知，只能是他的lady18D。“當把手伸進bucket的時候”19C。因為買的chicken成了dollars，所以應(yīng)是“吃驚”(surprise)20B。年輕人把bucket帶回(brought)了商店21D。22A。被年輕人的誠實所感動。（moved）23A。經(jīng)理想通過報紙(newspaper)，電臺來進行道德教育，從而，鼓勵(inspire)他人要誠實24C。25B。經(jīng)理懇請(begged)，宣傳此事26C。經(jīng)理的好意，這年輕人并不領(lǐng)情，他只是急于要chicken，然后去見他的lady。這時他很生氣(angry)。27A。“在當今這個不誠實的(dishonest)世界上，這是一個很好的機會向世人展示，仍然(still)有人主張要誠實。28D。still 表示仍然，進一步說明前面的honest people29B。name 和后面的name 一致30A。年輕人去約會的是他的(girlfri