翻譯疑問句的講解及練習(xí)

1、反意疑問句的講解及練習(xí)由“陳述句+附加疑問句”兩部分構(gòu)成。一般有兩種形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。 對附加疑問部分應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：1）主語只能用人稱代詞；2）附力口疑問句的not必須與（be /助/情）縮寫；3）附加疑問句的時態(tài)必須與陳述部分的時態(tài)一致。eg.1）Tom is a worker, isn't Tom?（找錯）2）You can swim, can not you?（ 找錯）3）He had lunch, doesn't he?（ 找錯）特別注意以下幾種反意疑問句1 .陳述部分含否定意味的詞（few, little,never, nothing, nobody, no

2、, hardly,none）,附加疑問句應(yīng)使用肯定形式（但前綴詞unhappy, unlike, disappear 等列外）eg. They are unhappy, aren't they?2 .陳述部分的主語是 everything, something, nothing, anything時，附加 疑問句 的主語應(yīng)用 it ; 陳述部分的主語是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one 時，附力口疑問句的主語應(yīng)用they oeg.1）Everything is ready,?2）Everyone is here,?3 .陳述部分是

3、 祈使句時,附加 疑問句一般用:will you?但注意：Let's ，shall we?Let us ，will you?4 .陳述部分含 must時，附加疑問句一般用needn't.eg. I must finish my work now,?5 .陳述部分是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)時，應(yīng)用there be 結(jié)構(gòu)來完成。eg. There's little water,*6.陳述部分含賓語從句時,疑問部分通常與主句一致。但當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是think,believe 且主語是I , we 時，即：I / We think (believe) +賓從，則附加問句應(yīng)與從句

4、一致I'm sure +賓從也是7如此eg.1)She said I did it,?2)We don't think you are right,?3)I'm sure you'll help me,?*7.I'm ，aren't I?eg.I am older than you,?8 .陳述部分含had better, 疑問部分應(yīng)用 had better 來回答。eg. You'd better go out ,?9 .陳述部分是感嘆句，附加問句的人稱代詞應(yīng)與主語一致。eg. 1)What a kind girl,?2)What a

5、fine day,?練習(xí)()1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday,?A. didn't you B. did not youC. had not you D. did you()2.Don't eat too much,?A. will you B. don't you C. do you D. can you()3.Lily looks like Lucy,?A. is Lily B. isn't sheC. does Lily D. doesn't she()4.-You didn't change

6、 your mind, did youA. No, I didn't B. Yes, did IC. No, I did D. Yes, I didn't()5.The woman hardly let her daughter go to school,she ?A. does B. doesn't C. did D. didn't()6.Be sure to come to the parents' meeting on time,?A. will you B. aren't youC. can't you D. mustn'

7、t you()7.Let's have a good rest,?A. will we B. do weC. shalln't we D. shall we()8.He has never ridden a horse before,?A. does he B. has heC. hasn't he D. doesn't()9.Tom has supper at school,?A. hasn't he B. has heC. doesn't he D. does he()10.There is little water in the glass

8、,?A. isn't there B. isn't itC. is it D. is there否定意義的詞否定意義的詞 (1)當(dāng)陳述部分有never , seldom, hardly , few , little , barely, scarcely, nothing , none,rarely等否定意義的詞匯時，后面的反意疑問句則為肯定形式：eg: There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?（ 2） 當(dāng)陳述部分

9、含有否定意思的詞是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly 等含有否定詞綴的派生詞，也就是有un-前綴、-less后綴等含有詞綴而意思否定的詞， 當(dāng)做肯定句處理，疑問部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesn't he? 他看上去不高興，不是嗎？The girl dislikes history,doesn't she? 這女孩不喜歡歷史，不是嗎？有 less,fewer 等詞視為肯定詞，疑問部分用否定形式。如： There will beless pollution, won't there?表示主語主觀意愿的詞含有 think,

10、 believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等動詞后接賓語從句構(gòu)成的主從復(fù)合句在構(gòu)成反意疑問句時，視情況不同有兩種不同的構(gòu)成方式。（1.）當(dāng)主句的主語為第一人稱時，其后的簡短問句應(yīng)與從句相一致。例如：I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?值得注意的是，當(dāng)這些動詞后接的賓語從句的否定轉(zhuǎn)移到主句時，其仍屬否定句，故其后的簡短問句應(yīng)用肯定式，而非否定式。

11、例如：I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此類句子的回答同 " 前否后肯" 型反意疑問句一樣，如上述后一個句子，若雙胞胎已經(jīng)到了，則回答為 "Yes, they have." ；若尚未到達(dá)，使用"No, they haven't." 。（2） . 當(dāng)主句的主語為第二、三人稱時，其后的簡短問句則應(yīng)與主句相一致（此時，否定只看主句，與從句無

12、關(guān).）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?（3）但如果主句的時態(tài)是過去時等等，疑問句應(yīng)和主句的人稱時態(tài)保持一致。had better 或 have陳述部分

13、有had better, 或其中的have 表示完成時態(tài)時，疑問句應(yīng)用hadnt等開頭：You d better get up early, hadn t you? 其他情況句中有have 時疑問句應(yīng)用don't 等開頭如 have 表示 “有 ”的時候，有兩種形式：（ have 表示有 可用 do 或 have 來改寫）-He has two sisters,doesn'the? =He has two sisters,hasn't he?-He doesn't have anysisters,does he?祈使句當(dāng)陳述部分是祈使句時，疑問句要根據(jù)語氣來表達(dá)

14、，分三種情況：1 ）一般情況下用will you 或 won't you 。e.g. Give me a hand,will you?Leave all the things as they are,won't you?2）以 Let's 開頭的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否，前否后只可，疑問句必須用shallwe;只有以Let us （聽話人不被包括在“US'里面）或Let me開頭的祈使句，問 句才用 will you 。e.g. Let us know the time of your arrival .Let ” s try again,shall we? Le

15、t me help you,will you?Let s have a look on your book ， will you ？（聽話人不包括在us 里面）3）當(dāng)陳述句是否定的祈使句時，問句可用will you 或 can you 。 e.g.Don't make much noise,will/can you?There be 句型There be 句型中，反義疑問部分必須為be 動詞 + thereThere are some apples in the basket, aren't there?There isn't any milk left, is the

16、re?must.當(dāng)陳述部分有情態(tài)動詞must ，問句有4 種情況：（ 1 ） mustn't 表示 “禁止，不可，不必”時，附加問句通常要用must.You mustn't stop your car here,must you?你不能把車停在這地方，知道嗎？（ 2） must 表示 “有必要 ”時，附加問句通常要用needn't. They mustfinish the work today,needn't they?他們今天要完成這項工作，是嗎？（ 3）當(dāng) must 用來表示對現(xiàn)在的情況進(jìn)行推測時，問句通常要根據(jù)must 后面的動詞采用相應(yīng)的形式。He mu

17、st be good at English,isn't he?他英語一定學(xué)得很好，是嗎？（ 4） 當(dāng) must+have done 表示對過去的情況進(jìn)行推測（一般句中有明確的過去時間狀語），問句要根據(jù)陳述部分謂語的情況用“didn't+主語”或“ wasn't/weren't+ 主語 ”； 如果強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的完成（一般沒有明確的過去時間狀語），問句要用“ haven't/hasn't+ 主語 ”。 She must have read the novel lastweek,didn't she? 她上星期一定讀了這本小說，是嗎？You mus

18、thave told her about it,haven't you?你一定把這事告訴她了，是嗎？練習(xí)1.1 t s very hot today, ?2. He can speak Chinese, ?3. Meimei studies in a middle school, ?4. He never gets up late , ?5. Don t go out at night, ?6. He never loves cold weather , ?7. You finished the task yesterday, ?1.1 t a good day for swimmin

19、g, is it?9 .Tom has been to Singapore , ?10 .The story is little interesting, ?11 .Everything starts to grow in spring, ?12 .He can hardly finish his homework, 13 .I m in Class 3,Grade 2,?14.Let s go shopping ,?15.She doesn t like climbing hills ,16.I don t think it is cold today, 17 . You think he

20、is a good flight attendant, ?18 .Nobody knows where she lives, ?19 .Few students can answer thequestion, ?20 .Mike likes English,?21 .That was a wonderful night,22 .Your sister helped him,23 .Tom is skating, ？24 .You aren t a teacher, ?25 .They haven t been to the Great Wall,_26 .You will join the soccer team,27 .He likes neither apples nor pears,_28 .There are some good books for you,_29 .They have been there twice,30 .Let s do it now, ?31 .You dislike this kind of gifts,32 .Nothing is impossible,33 .Everything is possible,34 .He doesn t go to school by bus, 35 .