新滬教版英語初三全冊Unit1Wisemeninhistory知識講解

1、精編資料綜合應(yīng)用滬教版初中英語三年級精編試題及知識點匯總學(xué)生姓名：班級：學(xué)號：Unit 1 Wise men in history 詞句精講精練詞匯精講1. howeverhowever是副詞，意為“不過；然而“，有轉(zhuǎn)折的含義，相當(dāng)于 but,可位于句首、句中和句末。位于句首時， 其后用逗號隔開；位于句中時，其前用分號或逗號，其后用逗號隔開；位于句末時，其前用逗號隔開。但but只能置于句首或句中。例如：She s very intelligent. However, she s quite lazy. 她非常聰明，但是她很懶惰。【拓展】however 與 but(1) however 是副詞，

2、意為“不過；然而”，表轉(zhuǎn)折時，與后面的句子用逗號隔開，不能與but 連用。例如：My room is small. However, it s comfortable. 我的房間小，但很舒服。(2) but 是連詞，意為“但是”，表示轉(zhuǎn)折時，與后面內(nèi)容相連，不用逗號隔開。例如：She is young but very clever. 她雖然年輕但非常聰明。2. doubtdoubt用作及物動詞，意為“不能肯定；對無把握”。例如：He doubts the truth of the news. 他懷疑那個新聞的真實性。I don t doubt that she ll come. 她一定來，我

3、不懷疑。 一定來, 我不懷疑?！就卣埂?1) doubt用作不及物動詞，意為"懷疑”，其后常接of或about。例如：She doubts about everything. 她對一切都懷疑。He doubts of his success. 他懷疑他能否成功。(2) doubt 后接賓語從句時，名詞從句用if/whether 引導(dǎo)，也可用that 引導(dǎo)。例如：I doubt if/whether she will keep her words. 我懷疑她能否會遵守諾言。I don t doubt that we will win. 我們會獲勝是沒有疑問的。3. be made of

4、be made of意為的制成"，強調(diào)從制成品中仍可以看出原材料。例如：The desk is made of woods. 桌子是由木頭制成的?！就卣埂縝e made 后接不同的介詞，具有不同的意義。(1) be made from意為 用制成“，強調(diào)從制成品中看不出原材料。例如：Books are made from woods. 書是由木頭制成的。(2) be made in意為'由制造(生產(chǎn))”，強調(diào)生產(chǎn)地點，in后只接地點的名詞。例如：The kind of watch is made in Shanghai. 這種手表是在上海制造的。(3) be made up

5、of意為 由組成”或 由構(gòu)成”，強調(diào)由多種成分、團體、成員或單位等組成或構(gòu)成。例如：Our class is made up of twenty-eight girls and sixteen boys. 我們班由二十八個女孩和十六個男孩組成。(4) be made into意為把制成”，注意表示原材料的詞作句子的主語，表示制成品的詞作介詞into的賓語。例如：Glass can be made into all kinds of beautiful things. 玻璃可以制成各種各樣漂亮物品。4. discover discover 通常用作及物動詞，主要用法有：(1) 表示 “發(fā)現(xiàn) ”某

6、一具體的東西，后接名詞或代詞作賓語。例如：Who discovered America? 誰發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲?It was discovered among waste paper. 這是在廢紙中發(fā)現(xiàn)的。(2) 表示 “發(fā)現(xiàn) ”某一情況，其后可以接名詞或代詞作賓語，也可接復(fù)合賓語或特殊疑問詞+不定式作賓語。例如：We soon discovered the truth. 我們很快發(fā)現(xiàn)了事實真相。We discovered her to be a good cook. 我們發(fā)現(xiàn)她很會煮飯。We haven ' t discovered how to improve it我們還沒找到如何改進它的

7、辦法。【拓展】discover， find 及 invent 的辨析(3) discover 意為 “發(fā)現(xiàn)，發(fā)覺(原先沒看見或不知道的事物) ”。例如：He discovered electricity. 他發(fā)現(xiàn)了電。(4) find 意為 “找到；得到，求得”。例如：I can find the answer to the question. 我找到了問題的答案。(5) invent 意為 “發(fā)明，創(chuàng)造”。例如：He invented the first electric clock. 他發(fā)明了第一個電動機械鐘。5. make suremake sure意思是 確保，設(shè)法保證”，它的后面可以

8、用賓語從句或of短語，常用于祈使句。例如：Make sure that they know nothing about our plan. 絕對不能讓他們知道我們的計劃。They scored another goal and made sure of victory. 他們又進了一個球，這就贏定了。6. both andbothand相當(dāng)于一個連詞，意思是不但而且”，它可以連接兩個名詞、形容詞或者介詞短語等，如果連接兩個主語的時候，謂語動詞常用復(fù)數(shù)形式。例如：Both my father and mother are doctors. 我的父親和母親都是醫(yī)生。He speaks both E

9、nglish and French. 他既會說英語還會說法語?！就卣埂?bothand 的否定短語是neithernor ,意思是 既不也不 ”。例如：It ' s neither too cold nor too ho氏氣既不太冷也不太熱。 Neither boys nor girls are interested in it. 男孩子和女孩子對此都不感興趣。7. else/other(1) else 意為“另外的，其他的”，無比較級，常用在who; whose; what 等疑問代詞及when; where 等疑問副詞之后；也放在some; any； no 與 body; thin

10、g; where 等構(gòu)成的詞之后。例如：Would you like anything else to drink? 你還想喝點別的什么嗎？ What else do you want to say? 你還想說點別的什么嗎？I ' m going to take you somewhere elsef要帶你去另1J處。(2) other 作形容詞，意為“其他的 ”，放在名詞前作定語。后跟名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式或不可數(shù)名詞。它的同義詞有else,但是else常用在不定代詞或疑問代詞后作定語。例如：Are there any other students in the classroom?教室里還

11、有其他的學(xué)生嗎？My teacher has some other things to tell us.=My teacher has something else to tell us.精編文檔僅供參考精編資料綜合應(yīng)用我的老師有一些其他事要說。8. something newsomething new意為"新的東西"，形容詞new作后置定語修飾不定代詞something。形容詞修飾不定代詞,常放在不定代詞之后，即形容詞作不定代詞的后置定語。例如：There is nothing new in today 's newspaper.今天的報紙上沒有什么新鮮事。Do

12、you have anything important to tell me? 你有什么重要的事情要告訴我嗎？He heard something interesting outside today.今天他在外邊聽到了一些有趣的事?！就卣埂?1)不定代詞作主語時，相當(dāng)于第三人稱單數(shù)。例如：Something is wrong. 某東西有問題。(2) 常見的不定代詞還有：anything; nothing; somebody; someone; anybody; nobody; no one 等。詞匯精練I.英漢互譯。1. at first3. be made of5. 一個另一個7. make

13、 sure9. something elseII.根據(jù)句意及首字母和漢語提示寫出所缺單詞。2. be happy with4.用把裝滿 6.溢出8. both and10. find out1. I'm quite in(同意)with your decision.2. The police sent him to(監(jiān)獄).3. He is weak in grammar, and often makes m.4. I can't s the problem alone. Can you help me?5. Is this(真的)gold?6. I want to tell

14、you the t.7. Do you d that he will keep his word?8. The(金屬)looked like gold, but in fact it was valuable.9. Mr. Smith saved the boy in the water. And he was a b man.10. I'd like a large b of beef noodles.III .用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。1. She wore a(gold) necklace.2. Have you done it? Tell me the(true).3.

15、We have(little) rain this year than usual.4. He seems(know) everything.5. Yesterday she(hit) him on the head.IV .聽力鏈接。(2015 北京昌平區(qū)期末)聽獨白，記錄關(guān)鍵信息，獨白你將聽兩遍。請根據(jù)所聽到的內(nèi)容和提示詞語，將所缺的關(guān)鍵信息填寫在答題卡的相應(yīng)位上。Telephone message for School PicnicWhere to go: Rose Mountain 1How to go:By 2When& where to meet: At 3, in fro

16、nt of the school 4What to take: The game book and some 5精編文檔一供參考參考答案I. 英漢互譯。1 .起初 2.(對某人或事物)滿意的3.由制成4. f川with5. ones - the other6 . run over 7.確保，設(shè)法保證8. 和都 9.別的東西 10.找出；發(fā)現(xiàn)；查明II. 根據(jù)句意及首字母和漢語提示寫出所缺單詞。1. agreement2. prison3. mistakes4. solve5. real6. truth7. doubt8. metal9. brave10. bowlIII. 用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的適

17、當(dāng)形式填空。1. golden/gold 2. truth 3. less 4. to know 5. hitIV. 聽力鏈接。聽力材料及答案：1. Park 2. bike 3. 8:304. gate 5. apples聽獨白，記錄關(guān)鍵信息。獨白讀兩遍。( di du answering machine says)M: Hello, this is Bill. I m not at home at the moment. Please leave a message when there s a need. Thank you.W: Hello, Bill. This is Mary. I

18、 m calling to remind you we re going to the Rose Mountain Park to have our school picnic tomorrow. The park is not so far, so we ll go by bike. That s to say, we can enjoy the beautiful scenes along the way. Mr. Brown will be waiting for us at 8:30 in front of our school gate. Make sure that you com

19、e on time! He doesn t like being late! By the way, don t forget to take the game book and some apples with you. We ll play some interesting apple games there. I hope our team will win! It s important for us to win this time because we won t have another chance to beat the others in this term! See yo

20、u tomorrow morning, then.句式精講1. I know how to solve the king s problem!how to solve the king s problem 是“疑問詞 + 不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作 know 的賓語，它相當(dāng)于“疑問詞 +賓語從句”。例如：Could you tell me how to get to the train station? 你能告訴我怎樣去火車站嗎？【拓展】動詞不定式與疑問詞who; which; when; where; how; what 等連用， 常用于 tell; show; know; teach; lea

21、rn; explain等后作賓語，構(gòu)成“疑問詞 + 動詞不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，它所表示的動作通常是未發(fā)生的，所以在轉(zhuǎn)換成賓語從句時，通常要加情態(tài)動詞或用將來時態(tài)。例如：He didn t know what to say. = He didn t know what he should say. 他不知道該說什么。2. so I ' m certain that it ' s not completely made of goldcertain是形容詞，意為“確定的；無疑的"，相當(dāng)于sure,對應(yīng)的副詞為 certainly。certain常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：be certai

22、n / sure of sth. 對某事有把握be certain / sure to do sth. 肯定做某事be certain / sure + that 從句 確信 例如：They are certain / sure of success. 他們有把握成功。I m certain / sure that he will come. 我確信他會成功的?！就卣埂縞ertain和sure的辨析：兩詞都含有“確信，肯定”之意，其區(qū)別如下：(1) certain 為形容詞，不僅表示相信，而且表示有根據(jù)，主語既可以是人也可以是物。例如：He is certain to come. 他一定會來。

23、It s certain that he won the game now. 現(xiàn)在可以肯定他贏得了這場比賽。(2) sure 既可以是形容詞也可作副詞，常表示人的主觀愿望或信念，主語通常是人。例如：Kids nowadays seem very sure of themselves. 現(xiàn)在的小孩顯得非常自信。 Can you give me a ride to work tomorrow? 明天我可以順路搭你的車去上班嗎？ Sure. 當(dāng)然可以。3. He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth.send是及物動詞，意

24、為“寄，發(fā)送”，過去式和過去分詞都是sent:,其后能接雙賓語，即send sb. sth尸sendsth. to sb.。例如：He sent me a postcard. = He sent a postcard to me. 他寄給我一張明信片?！就卣埂縿釉~接雙賓語時，有兩種結(jié)構(gòu)： 動詞 + 間接賓語(sb.) + 直接賓語(sth.) 動詞 + 直接賓語(sth.) + 介詞 (for/to) + 間接賓語(sb.)能接雙賓語的動詞可分為兩類： 常用介詞to 的動詞有：send; give; show; bring; show; teach; tell 等。例如：give sb. st

25、h. = give sth. to sb. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 常用介詞for 的動詞有：buy; sing; make; cook; get 等。例如：buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb.4. However, no one could find a scale large enough.large enough 短語中，enough 作副詞，意為“足夠地”，這時 enough 需放在所修飾的形容詞或副詞后面。例如：The young man is st

26、rong enough to carry the heavy bag. 那個年輕人足夠強壯能搬動重包。He runs quickly enough. 他跑得足夠快。It s warm enough in the room. 屋子里足夠暖和了?！就卣埂?1) enough 還可作形容詞，意為“充足的，充分的，足夠的”，可作表語或定語，作定語時，可放在名詞的前面或后面。例如：The food is enough for the trip. 用于這次旅行的食物足夠了。I have enough time to watch TV . 我有足夠的時間看電視。(2) enoughto do sth.&qu

27、ot;有足夠的做某事“。例如：I don t have enough time to eat lunch. 我沒有足夠的時間吃午飯。(3) enough to do可以同tooto或sothat結(jié)構(gòu)互相轉(zhuǎn)換。例如：He isn t old enough to go to school. = He is too young to go to school. = He is so young that he cant go toschool. 他太小而不能上學(xué)。5. He only owned three things: the clothes he wore, a lantern and a b

28、owl to eat with.本句中動詞不定式短語to eat with 作 a bowl 的后置定語。a bowl 是介詞 with 的邏輯賓語。動詞不定式作定語通常放在被修飾的名詞/代詞之后。例如：I have no pen to write with. 我沒有可以用來寫字的鋼筆?！就卣埂縿釉~不定式作定語時，總是后置，不定式與其所修飾的詞構(gòu)成邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，而該不定式為不及物動詞時，其后須加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~，構(gòu)成及物動詞短語。例如：I have many letters to write. 我有許多信要寫。精編文檔僅供參考精編資料綜合應(yīng)用I am looking for a room to

29、 live in.我正在找間屋子住。I need a piece of paper to write on. 我需要張寫字用的紙。There is nothing to worry about. 沒什么可擔(dān)心的。句式精練I.完成下列反意疑問句。1. Your sister is a student,?2. Let's go shopping,?3. Miss White has never been to China,?4. Listen to me carefully,?5. The boy studies really hard,?II .句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。1. I could

30、hear her sweet voice from the next room.（ 改為否定句 ）I hear her sweet voice from the next room.2. I enjoy rock music because it is exciting.（ 對戈U線部分提問 ） do enjoy rock music?3. Lisa didn't hang out with her friends yesterday.（改為肯定句 ） Lisa out with her friends yesterday.4. Mr. Brown and his wife have

31、been married for 20 years.（ 同義句轉(zhuǎn)換 ）Mr. Brown and his wife 20 years ago.5. The boy has been to the USA twice.（改為一般疑問句） the boy to the USA twice?III .根據(jù)漢語提示，完成英語句子（每空一詞） 。1 .我們必須查明真相。We must what the truth is.2 .當(dāng)你遇到困難時，可以請警察幫忙。When you are in trouble, you can the police help.3 .這個桌子是木制的。The desk is w

32、ood.4 . Tom過去常常早上7點起床。Tom get up at 7:00 a.m.5 .我們的老師對我們的作業(yè)很滿意。Our teachers our homework.6 .當(dāng)她洗澡的時候，一些水溢出來了。When she got into the bath, some water.7 .警察把那個小偷關(guān)進了監(jiān)獄。The police the thief.8 .這同我上周丟失的那支鋼筆一樣。This is pen I lost last week.IV.補全對話。（2014黃岡市中考）根據(jù)語境，用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑捳Z完成對話。（A）A: Hey, Bill, （1） ?B: Oh, I m thinking about life in the countryside.A: （ 2） ?B: Yeah, I like it very much. In the countryside, the air is fresh, the sky is bluer, and there are also green trees and clearer rivers.A: It s quieter, too. People can enjoy