unit5water知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit 5 Water短語(yǔ)：brush ones teeth 刷牙 be on 開(kāi)著的 be off 關(guān)著的 pour into 倒入，傾入 pour down 傾瀉 turn on = switch on 打開(kāi) turn off = switch off 關(guān)掉be angry with sb 對(duì)某人生氣 carry-to-搬到，帶到 clean up sth = make sth clean 凈化 not -until 直到-才 look around 到處看go back to = return to 回到come out of 從-出來(lái) in the first place = in

2、the beginning = at first 開(kāi)始，首先remember to do 記得去做某事remember not to do 記得不要去做某事forget to do 忘記去做某事forget doing 忘記做過(guò)某事talk to sb 對(duì)某人說(shuō)話 talk with sb 與某人交談be covered with 用-覆蓋in fact 事實(shí)上 for example 例如 讀背記句型1. Turn that tap off.把水龍頭關(guān)掉。2. Then it was time for people to clean me。然后人們?cè)摻o我清理了。3. People will

3、make me clean again.人們將會(huì)再次把我處理干凈。4. Remember not to pollute or waste me,Im valuable.記住不要污染也不要浪費(fèi)我，我是很珍貴的。5. A person at the bank gave the coin to a man,銀行里的人把硬幣給了一個(gè)男的6. The man gave the coin to her as part of her change.那個(gè)男的把那枚硬幣當(dāng)作零錢(qián)給了她。7. How can we save water?我們?cè)趺垂?jié)約水？8. Turn the tap off, said an an

4、gry voice.Youre wasting water.把水龍頭關(guān)掉，一個(gè)聲音生氣地說(shuō)，你在浪費(fèi)水。9. Dora was in the bathroom.the tap was on.爽拉在浴室里，水龍頭在開(kāi)著。語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)1. Few & littlefew: 用于修飾可數(shù)名詞。a few 有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，表示肯定，few幾乎沒(méi)有了，表示否定。little：修飾不可數(shù)名詞。a little, 有一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)，表肯定，little幾乎沒(méi)有，表否定。eg: Few of us study English. 我們中很少有人學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。We have few books. 我們幾乎沒(méi)有書(shū)。I have a lit

5、tle money with me. 我身上帶著一點(diǎn)錢(qián)。There is little water in the cup. 杯子里幾乎沒(méi)有水。A lot of storybooks are on sale, but _ are good ones. A. Any B some C few D manyI bought _ books with _ moneyA a few; a few B a few; a little C a little; a few D a little ; a little 2. exercise 名詞： 當(dāng)exercise用于“廣義上的鍛煉”，如“鍛煉，訓(xùn)練”時(shí)，它

6、被當(dāng)作不可數(shù)名詞在用。如：take exercise ,do exercise鍛煉身體 take more exercise多鍛煉當(dāng)exercise用于“具體的某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)或鍛煉時(shí)”，如“體操”或“練習(xí)（題）”時(shí)或“習(xí)題和練習(xí)”講時(shí)是可數(shù)名詞，要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 如：do morning exercises（做早操），do eye exercises（做眼保健操），do English exercises（做英語(yǔ)練習(xí)）。 動(dòng)詞：運(yùn)動(dòng)，訓(xùn)練 實(shí)行，履行Eg： You dont exercise enough. 你鍛煉不夠 A doctor should learn how to exercise pat

7、ience to his clients. 醫(yī)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)怎么樣對(duì)他的病人有耐心。exercise和sport的區(qū)別： exercise指增進(jìn)健康的活動(dòng)。 Sport指以?shī)蕵?lè)為主的運(yùn)動(dòng)競(jìng)技3. TurnTurn on: 打開(kāi) （水源，煤氣，電燈，收音機(jī)等）Turn off： 關(guān)上Turn up： 調(diào)大，開(kāi)大（音量）Turn down： 關(guān)小，調(diào)低（音量）Turn on the radioTurn off the light動(dòng)詞 + 副詞 ： 接名詞的話，名詞放在中間和副詞后面都可以 接代詞的話，就只能放在中間Turn the computer on Turn on the computer Tu

8、rn it on 但不可以說(shuō) turn on it. Dont do any other things while you are doing your homework. So please _your MP3A turn up B turn down C turn on D turn off 4.Sound 聽(tīng)起來(lái)； 聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)： 連系動(dòng)詞，其后往往接形容詞做表語(yǔ)The argument sounds great. 那個(gè)觀點(diǎn)聽(tīng)起來(lái)很棒。 The music that Lang Lang is playing _ beautiful. A listens B hears C sounds D

9、 looks 5.bring, take, get, carrybring: 帶來(lái)， 從遠(yuǎn)處帶到說(shuō)話的地方take：帶走，從說(shuō)話的地方帶到別的地方去get：取來(lái)，從別的地方把某物取到說(shuō)話的地方carry：提，搬，扛Please bring your homework to school. He can take the flowers to his room. Who can get me some water?Can you carry the heavy box?Can you _ my book here? I need it tomorrow. Please _ these flowe

10、rs to the classroom. Please help the little boy _the box. Its too heavy. Let me go back home to _ some money. 6.Remember remember to do sth : 記得要做某事 （記得的事情還沒(méi)有做）remember doing sth ：記得做過(guò)某事 （記得的事情做了）He remembered to tell her about it. 他想起來(lái)了要告訴她這件事了。 （還沒(méi)有告訴）He remembered telling her about it. 他記得告訴過(guò)她這件事

11、了。 （已經(jīng)告訴了）forget to do sth ： 忘記做某事 （事情還沒(méi)有做）forget doing sth ：忘記做過(guò)某事（事情做了）I forgot to tell her about it. （還沒(méi)有告訴）I forgot telling her about it. (已經(jīng)告訴了)Please remember _ some newspaper for me on your way back. A buy B buying C to buy D bought Remember _ your homework at home, Mary. A not leaving B leav

12、ing C not to leave D not leave 7.hear 和 listen to 的區(qū)別hear 著重聽(tīng)的結(jié)果Listen to 著重聽(tīng)的動(dòng)作，過(guò)程I listened carefully but I heard nothing. 8.Pour down: 傾瀉 Pour into： 倒入，傾入Water was pouring into the sink. The rain is pouring down.9.Be on : 開(kāi)著的 Be off： 關(guān)著的，關(guān)掉的-How strange!-The tap is _ but there is no one here. A o

13、n B off C open D closed 10.Clean up sth= make sth clean 凈化, 把-弄干凈His mother is _A cleaning up him B clean up hime C cleaning him up D clean him up 復(fù)習(xí)可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞分類(lèi)一名詞：名詞是所有事物的名稱(chēng)，包括人、物及抽象概念。名詞分為普通名詞和專(zhuān)有名詞兩大類(lèi)二分類(lèi)名詞專(zhuān)有名詞表示具體的人或事物、地點(diǎn)、機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體、國(guó)家、節(jié)日等名稱(chēng)的詞如：John Donghu Park越秀公園 the Changjiang River 珠江 the Great Wa

14、ll 長(zhǎng)城 the United Nations 聯(lián)合國(guó) China 中國(guó) Australia 澳大利亞 Monday 星期一 January 一月Childrens Day 兒童節(jié)普通名詞個(gè)體名詞在表示某類(lèi)人或東西中的個(gè)體。如：dog狗、car小汽車(chē)、worker工人、book書(shū)。集體名詞表示若干個(gè)體組成的集合體的總稱(chēng)。如：class班、family家、team隊(duì)。物質(zhì)名詞表示無(wú)法分為個(gè)體的實(shí)物。如：fire火、tea茶。抽象名詞表示動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)、品質(zhì)、感情等抽象概念。如：work工作。名詞的數(shù)：可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞名詞可數(shù)名詞：一般包括個(gè)體名詞、集體名詞。不可數(shù)名詞：一般包括物質(zhì)名詞、抽象名

15、詞、專(zhuān)有名詞。單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)一、 可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式，表示一個(gè)人或事物用單數(shù)，表示一個(gè)以上的人或事物用復(fù)數(shù)。如：1 可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成及讀音一般名詞復(fù)數(shù)構(gòu)成法構(gòu)成法例詞一般情況下，在名詞單數(shù)形式的詞尾加sbook-books, day-days, jobs以s, x,，ch，sh，結(jié)尾的名詞，在詞尾加esclass-classes, box-boxes, match-matches, wish- wishes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，將y變成i后加escity-cities, country-countries, factory-factories以f或fe結(jié)尾的名詞，一般

16、將f或fe變成v后，再加esleaf-leaves, wife-wives, life-lives, thief-thievesknife-knivies, half-halves, shelf-shelves注：以o結(jié)尾的可數(shù)名詞，只有hero,negro,tomato,potato這4個(gè)名詞復(fù)數(shù)要加es, 別的都是加s。 名詞復(fù)數(shù)的不規(guī)則變化1. footfeet toothteeth goosegeese manmen womanwomenmousemice childchildren 注意：與man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men 和-women.eg: an Engl

17、ishman， two Englishmen; a policewoman, three policewomen 但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans; 由man或woman加一個(gè)其他名詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合名詞時(shí)，兩個(gè)都變復(fù)數(shù)woman doctor-women doctors(女醫(yī)生); man servant-men servants(男服務(wù)員)2.單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名：deer，sheep，fish, Chinese，Japanese， yuan，但除人民幣元、角、分外，美元（dollar）、英鎊（pound）和法郎（franc）等都有復(fù)數(shù)形式。eg: a dollar，two dol

18、lars；3. 集體名詞，以單數(shù)出現(xiàn)，但實(shí)為復(fù)數(shù)。如：people police cattle（牛；牲畜）4.國(guó)籍復(fù)數(shù)口訣：國(guó)籍復(fù)數(shù)并不難，中日瑞是一致，英法聯(lián)盟a改e, 其余s 加后面不同國(guó)家人的單、復(fù)數(shù)名稱(chēng)總稱(chēng)(謂語(yǔ)用復(fù)數(shù)）一個(gè)人 兩個(gè)人中國(guó)人the Chinesea Chinesetwo Chinese日本人the Japanesea Japanesetwo Japanese瑞士人the Swissa Swisstwo Swiss英國(guó)人the Englishan Englishmantwo Englishmen法國(guó)人the Frencha Frenchmantwo Frenchmen意大

19、利人the Italiansan Italiantwo Italians希臘人the Greeka Greektwo Greeks俄國(guó)人the Russiansa Russiantwo Russians美國(guó)人the Americansan Americantwo Americans印度人the Indiansan Indiantwo Indians加拿大人the Canadiansa Canadiantwo Canadians德國(guó)人the Germansa Germantwo Germans澳大利亞人the Australiansan Australiantwo Australians瑞典人t

20、he Swedisha Swedetwo Swedes不可數(shù)名詞：不可數(shù)名詞主要包括兩大類(lèi)，即物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞。如：Water, coffee, milk, medicine, advice, workl 不可數(shù)名詞只以單數(shù)的形式出現(xiàn)。它是無(wú)法計(jì)數(shù)的。物質(zhì)、材料glass食品bread、toast散的、疏松的rice、sugar抽象概念work、sleep液體water、juice不可數(shù)名詞科學(xué)、藝術(shù)、運(yùn)動(dòng)music、tennis感覺(jué)happiness常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞A. 抽象名詞information 信息 advice 建議 knowledge 知識(shí) trouble 麻煩 happine

21、ss 幸福truth 真理 wisdom 智慧 work 工作 energy 能源 luck 運(yùn)氣fun 樂(lè)趣 help 幫助 tea water wine beer meat bread butter cheese rice coffee air 空氣 paper 紙 news 新聞 weather fog 霧 ice 冰 snow rain wind B.名詞量的表達(dá)修飾可數(shù)名詞：many, several, hundreds of, thousands of , millions of , a number of , a group of, a pair of, a few, few,

22、quite a few (許多) 等You have made quite a few spelling mistakes in your composition. 你的作文中有許多拼寫(xiě)錯(cuò)誤。 We saw hundreds of monkeys on the hill. 修飾不可數(shù)名詞： much, a great deal of, a bit of , a drop of , a piece of, a little, little. I want a piece of chalk 我想要一支粉筆Please give me a little ink. 可數(shù)和不可數(shù)名詞都可以修飾的： so

23、me, any, plenty of, a lot of, lots of Please give me some paper. I dont want to buy any magazines. 二.1.How many 和 how much How many: 意為 多少， 用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)How much: 多少， 用來(lái)詢(xún)問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量的，其后接不可數(shù)名詞； 還可以用來(lái)提問(wèn)價(jià)格， -多少錢(qián)How many girls are there in your class. How many storybooks do you have ?How much meat

24、do we need to make dumplings? How much milk does the boy drink every day? How much is the computer? 2.Much too ; too much/ too many （看末尾詞就行）Too much/ many 太多Much/ many too 實(shí)在太-The coat is much too large for me . We have too much homework to do every day. There are too many books on the shelf. You sh

25、ouldnt make _ noise. The baby is sleeping. He studies English _ hard. There are _ people there. I cant find him. Dont eat _ sweet food, or you ll be _ fat. We have _ toys. I dont like driving because its _ difficult for me. The little girl knows _ English and she can say _ words. 3.enough修飾形容詞，放在形容詞

26、的后面。修飾名詞，放在名詞的前面。 We dont have enough water to drink. The book is easy enough for you to read. He runs fast enough to catch up with the other runners. He is a strange man. He has _ friends. A a few B little C a little D few Is there _ wrong with the pipe? The farmer asked his wife. A something B any

27、thing C nothing D everythingI want to buy _ pears, but I dont have _ money. A a lot of; many B many; much C many; few D much; a fewThere used to be lots of lions in the forest, but now there are _. A few B not little C enough D a few I am making _ tea. Would you like _?A some; any B any; some C some

28、; some D any; any 4. lie lie,lay,lain,指躺著，lie,lied,lied,指說(shuō)謊。lay還有下蛋，放置的意思，lay,laid,laid。So we decide not to lie.但是我決定不去說(shuō)謊。The child likes to lie by his mother.孩子喜歡躺在母親身邊。5. 1. Its +形容詞 +of sb+動(dòng)詞不定式 這一句型表示“某人（做某事）”。常用形容詞有：good, kind, nice, polite, clever, foolish, lazy, careful, careless, right, wron

29、g等，來(lái)說(shuō)明“人”的性質(zhì)或特征。eg. Its very kind of you to help me. 你能幫助我真是太好了。Its foolish of you to make such mistake. 你真傻啊，竟然犯這種錯(cuò)誤。 2. Its +形容詞+(for sb.) +動(dòng)詞不定式 這一句型表示“做某事對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)”。常用形容詞有：difficult, easy, hard, dangerous, safe, useful, pleasant, interesting, impossible等，來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)詞不定式的性質(zhì)、特征。 e.g. It is impossible for a c

30、hild to answer the question. 小孩子不可能回答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 Its dangerous for you to swim alone. 你自己一個(gè)人去游泳很危險(xiǎn)。6.Show sb sth = show sth to sb I showed the table to them. I showed them the table. Exercise:1. How many _ are there in the fridge?A tomato B apples C orange D bread 2. -Is that _ ice cream, Lo? - No, its t

31、oo little. A too many B too little C much too D too much 3. -Would you please _ the radio a little? Kate is doing her homework. -Sorry, I will. A turn on B turn off C turn down D turn up 4. -How much _ the shoes? -Five dollars _ enough. A is ; is B are ; is C are ; are D is ; are 5. There is _ cooking oil left in the house. Would you go to the supermarket and get _? A little; some B little ; any C few; some D few; any 6. Dont forg