人教版初一英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)

1、人教版初一英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)各單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)總結(jié)Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?一、單詞與詞組Jon表示“參加，加入”，此處指參加社團(tuán)或組織，成為其中的成員。Join the army 參軍 join the NBA 加入美國(guó)籃球協(xié)會(huì)play t樂(lè)器類 + the |Jointhe art/sports/music/English/chess club 參加體育 /音樂(lè)/英語(yǔ)/象棋俱樂(lè)部 一-器類+the | play the guitar /the violin/the drums/the piano英式定球/籃子/排球/英式足球，美式橄欖球/網(wǎng)球/羽毛球）soccer/ b

2、asketball/volleyball/football/tennis/badmintonrBe good at+ sth./doing sth.擅長(zhǎng)做某事Be good with 與相處得好J Be good to 對(duì)一 友好=be friendly toBe good for 對(duì)有好處Jike t。do sth.特指某一次的動(dòng)作；like doing sth.強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)常性的愛(ài)好。兩者都表示喜歡做某事，在僅僅表達(dá)“喜歡”時(shí)兩者可以通用。ell: Tell stories 講故事tell sb. sth. /to do sth. /not to do sth.告訴某人某事 /不要做某事Help

3、| Help sb. to do sth. /help sb. with sth./ help sb. do sth. 幫助某人做某事Help yourself/sb. （to sth.）把某物（尤其是指食物，飲料等）拿給自己/某人cant help doing sth.情不自禁做某事S 用于打某人的電話e.g. Call Mr.Brown at 293-77421.表示動(dòng)態(tài)概念。意思是“回家”，“到家”。前面不加介詞。這里的 home是副詞，表示目的地。e.g. 1）When do you go home every day?你每天什么時(shí)候回家？2）He drives home after

4、work.他下班的開(kāi)車回家。 3）She often does some shopping on his way home. 她經(jīng)常在回家途中買些東西。2. at home表示靜態(tài)概念。意思是“在家。這里的home是名詞，表示具體地點(diǎn)。e.g. 1） Is she at home?她在家口馬? 2）He left his book at home.他把書放在家里了。Go home 回家 get home 至U家 at home 在家Also也，而且；較正式，用于肯定句，緊跟動(dòng)詞。e.g. I can speak English and I can also speak Chinese.我能說(shuō)英

5、文也能說(shuō)中文。網(wǎng) 乂 Too多用于口語(yǔ)，放在句末。E.g. Me too.Either多用于否定句，放在句末。E.g. He hasnt finished, either.他也沒(méi)有完成。. Show sb. sth. /show sth. To sb.展示給某人看Show time作秀時(shí)間，表演開(kāi)始talk show 脫口秀（美國(guó)脫口秀節(jié)目）Unit 2 What time do you go to school?時(shí)間連詞：when=while當(dāng)時(shí)then然后after that在那之后at+時(shí)間點(diǎn)/sb. do sth. at about +時(shí)間點(diǎn)forbreakfast/lunch/din

6、ner |睡覺(jué) go to bed=go to sleep 睡覺(jué) take a tap 午休，小睡一會(huì)兒 反：get up 起床Time 表 時(shí)間，不可數(shù)；表次數(shù)，可數(shù)。 Some times幾次 sometimes有時(shí) some time 一段時(shí)間 sometime某個(gè)時(shí) 候，動(dòng)詞tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels嘗起來(lái)/聞起來(lái)/看起來(lái)/聽(tīng)起來(lái)/摸起來(lái)（含被動(dòng)意味，但不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）tastes/smells/looks/sounds/feels+like 嘗起來(lái)/聞起來(lái)/看起來(lái)/聽(tīng)起來(lái)/摸起來(lái)像 eitheror二選一 neithernor 兩者都不連接兩個(gè)主

7、語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與最近的一個(gè)主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致，即就近原則。e.g. Either you or I am going there tomorrow.明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。Neitherdad nor mum js_ at home today.今天父母都不在家。Here引導(dǎo)的倒裝句表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí),如主語(yǔ)是代詞，不倒裝；表位置的副詞放在句首時(shí)，如主語(yǔ)是名詞，要用全部倒裝。e.g. Here it. is!Here he comes.（代詞不倒裝） Here is your ticket. Here comes the bus.（名詞倒裝）關(guān)于時(shí)間的問(wèn)法（1）以when

8、提問(wèn)，件么時(shí)候”可以是較長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間段，也可以是較短的時(shí)間點(diǎn)When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么時(shí)候？My birthday is Dec. 29th.我的生日是12月29日。這里就是指一天的時(shí)間段When do you go home? 你幾點(diǎn)回家？ I go home at 4:30 p.m. 我下午4： 30回家.這里when問(wèn)的是具體的 時(shí)間。（2）具體幾點(diǎn)我們通常用 what time提問(wèn) What time is it now?現(xiàn)在幾點(diǎn)了 ？ or What sthe time? 幾點(diǎn) 了？ It s 9:26.現(xiàn)在九點(diǎn)二十六。 What time is it

9、by your watch? 你手表幾點(diǎn)了？It s 8:36. Oh, It s 50 min8t36 late,它慢了 50 分鐘。What time do you get up?你幾點(diǎn)起床？ I get upat 6:00 a.m. 我早上6點(diǎn)起床。Unit 3 How do you get to school?mahy students|是單指學(xué)生數(shù)量多,側(cè)重?cái)?shù)量many of the students是指學(xué)生中很多一部分，強(qiáng)調(diào)部分too太1. too much意為太多，+不可數(shù)名詞/+動(dòng)詞。e.g.I had too much housework to do yesterday .昨

10、天我有太多的家務(wù)活要干。She talks too much .她說(shuō)話太多。much too意思是過(guò)分，太”，隱含了過(guò)分而不恰當(dāng)之意,much too+形容詞或副詞， 不 + 動(dòng)詞。e.g.The question is much too difficult.這道題太又t了。You re walking much too fast.2.too to 太而不能 .e.g. You are never too young to study. 同： so that 太以至于e.g.The river runs too quickly for boats.=The river suns too qui

11、ckly to row a boat.=The river runs so quickly that people cantrow a boat to across the river.Unit 4 Don t eat in class、詞組 school rules 學(xué)校規(guī)章制度 break the rules 違反規(guī)章制度make the rules 制定規(guī)章.in the hallways 在過(guò)道 in the music room 在音樂(lè)教室里in the dining hall 在餐廳 be in bed 在床上 belate for遲到 listen to music 聽(tīng)音樂(lè) wa

12、sh my clothes 洗衣服 make dinner 做飯 have to do不得不彳too many+名詞復(fù)數(shù)；too much +不可數(shù)名詞太多 by ten o clock 十點(diǎn)之前on school nights 上學(xué)的晚上 on weekends 在周末go to the children s palace 去少年宮 after school 放學(xué)后 sports shoes 運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋 gym class 體育課 二、句型 Don t arrive late for class.（2）We can t listen to music in the hallways, but w

13、e can listen to it outside.（3）-What else do you have to do?- We have to clean the classroom.（4）-Can we wear hats in school?-Yes, we can/ No, we can t.（5po you have to wear a uniform at school? - Yes, we do /No, we don t.（6） What are the rules at your school? （7）重難點(diǎn)精析： 祈使句通常用來(lái)表示命令、請(qǐng)求、禁止、建議、警告等語(yǔ)氣。它的主語(yǔ)

14、you（聽(tīng)話人）通常省略。其構(gòu)成通常有以下幾種形式。1） Be型（即系動(dòng)詞原型 be+表語(yǔ)+其他）。如：Be quiet,please.否定句 Don t + be+表語(yǔ) + 其他。如：Don t be angry.2） Do型（即系動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)+其他）。如： Open you books, please.否定句Don t +實(shí)義動(dòng)詞原形+賓語(yǔ)+其 他。如：Don t eat in the classroom.3 ） Let 型（即 Let+賓語(yǔ) +動(dòng)詞原形 + 其他）如：Let me help you.Let s go at six o clock. 否定句一般在賓語(yǔ)后加not。如：Let

15、 not watch TV4） No+V-ing型（此種形式通常用于公共場(chǎng)合的提示語(yǔ)中，意為“禁止做某事）如： No smoking! 嚴(yán)禁吸煙！ No talking!不許交談！ N。passing!莖止通行！No parking!不許停車！Must與have to l.must表主觀看法，主觀上的必要 have to表客觀需要 e.g. My brother was very ill, so I had_to_call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厲害，我只得半夜里把醫(yī)生請(qǐng)來(lái)。（客觀上需要做這件事）He said that the

16、y must work hard.他說(shuō)他們必須努力工作。（主觀上要做這件事）2. have to有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)的變化，而must只有一種形式。3.在否定結(jié)構(gòu)中：dont have to表示不必；mustnt表示禁止。e.g. You dont have to （neednt沒(méi)必要）tell him about it.你不一定要把此事告訴他。You mustnt （cant不能）tell him about it.你一定不要把這件事告訴他。On time 準(zhǔn)時(shí)，按時(shí)。 In time 及時(shí)，遲早 e.g. We were just in time for （to catch ） the bus

17、.我們及時(shí)趕上了公車。The train pulled in on time.車準(zhǔn)時(shí)到站。Unit 5 Why do you like pandas?一、詞組 want to do sth .想要做某事 want sb to do sth想要某人做某事want sth想要某物 Let sb do sth讓某人做某事Kind |kind of 有幾分 種類 a kind of 一種（all） kinds of 各種各樣的=various of like to do sth/like doing sth喜歡做某事play with 與.一起玩 during the day 在白天 at night

18、 在夜間二、句型與日常交際用語(yǔ)1、-why do you like pandas?/ -Why dose he like koalas?-Because they kinre of interesting. 2、 Why do you want to see the lions? Because theyre 3、-Where are lions from?-Lions are from South Africa.4 、-What （other） animals do you like?-I like elephants.5. This is a symbol of good luck. 的象

19、征 6. Have a good memory like an elephant.形容記憶力好 7 .- How old are you?=Whats your age? Tm ten years old./Im ten.8.-Do you like giraffes? - Yes, I do. / No, I don tmake of與make from 由組成make of看得出原材料，物理變化；make from看不出原材料， 化學(xué)變化。e.g.We must save trees and not by things made of ivory（象牙）.The paper is made

20、 of wood.The other, others, another, other的區(qū)別1.other可作形容詞或代詞，做形容詞時(shí)，意思是“別的，其他，泛指其他的（人或物）。如： Do you have any other question（s）?你還有其他問(wèn)題嗎？Ask some other people.問(wèn)問(wèn)別人吧！ Put it in your other hand.把它放在你另一只手里。2.the other指兩個(gè)人或物中的一個(gè)時(shí)，只能用the other,不能用 another, 此日的 other 作代詞。如： He has two daughters. One is a nur

21、se, the other is a worker. 他有兩個(gè)女 兒，一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是工人。the other后可加單數(shù)名詞，也可加復(fù)數(shù)名詞，此時(shí)的other作形容詞。如：Onthe other side of the street, there is a tall tree. 在街道的另邊，有棵大樹(shù)。 Mary is much taller than the other girls.瑪麗比其他的女孩高得多。He lives on the other side of the river.他住在河的對(duì)岸。3.others是other的復(fù)數(shù)形式，泛指“另外幾個(gè)，其余的。在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)。如

22、：Some of us like singingand dancing, others go in for sports.我們一些人喜歡唱歌和跳舞，其余的從事體育活動(dòng)。Give me some others,please.請(qǐng)給我別的東西吧！There are no others.沒(méi)有別的了。 4.the others意思是“其他東西，其余的人“。特指某一范圍內(nèi)的“其他的（人或物）“。是the other的復(fù)數(shù)形式。如： Two boys will go to the zoo, and the otherswill stay at home.兩個(gè)男孩將去動(dòng)物園，其余的留在家里。 the othe

23、rs=the other復(fù)數(shù)名詞，這在第 2條中已經(jīng)有 所介紹。5.another=an other,既可作形容詞，也可作代詞，只能用于三個(gè)或更多的人或物，泛指同類事物中的三者或三者 以上的另一個(gè)，只能代替或修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞。如： I don t like this one. Please show me another.我不喜歡 這一個(gè)，請(qǐng)給我看看另一個(gè)。I have three daughters. One is a nurse, another is a teacher and another is a worker. 我有三個(gè)女兒。一個(gè)是護(hù)士，另一個(gè)是教師，還有一個(gè)是工人。Let do

24、 sth , let s=letkb我們做人稱代詞用賓格Lets之后跟動(dòng)詞原形。Let s sehe panda.我們看熊3吧。Let s g峨們走吧！Unit 6 I m watching TV.、t組 do ones homework 做家庭作業(yè)watch TV 看電視 eat dinner 吃飯；就餐clean the room 打掃房間 talk on the phone 電話聊天 thanks for+n/doing 為某事感謝某人go shopping/swimming 去購(gòu)物 /游泳at the pool在游泳池 at school在學(xué)校 in the tree在樹(shù)上 read

25、newspaper/a book 看報(bào)紙/看書write a letter 寫信 go to the movies =go to the cinema=watch a movie 看電影 take photos 拍照 wait for 等待；等候 TV show 電視節(jié)目 talk about 談?wù)揺.g. What are you talking about? some of中的一些a photo of my family 我的家庭照 be with和一起 with sb和某人在一起in the first/last photo在第一張/最后一張照片 二、句型與日常交際用語(yǔ)1.-What+b

26、e+主語(yǔ)+doing?正在做什么？-主語(yǔ)+ be doing正在做某事 2.-Here are/is 例：Here are some of my photos. /Here is a photo of myfamily.3.-Do you want to go to the movies? -Sure.4.-When do you want to go? - Let s go at seven.-Where do people play basketball? -At school.6.-What s he waiting for?-He s waiting for a bus.7.-What

27、 s he reading?He s reading a newspape8. Can +do（動(dòng)詞原 形） 可以 e.g.You can see my family at home.三、語(yǔ)法現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)1）現(xiàn)在在進(jìn)行時(shí)的形式:助動(dòng)詞be（am,is,are）+動(dòng)詞-ing形式（也叫現(xiàn)在分詞），表示現(xiàn)在（說(shuō)話的瞬間）正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。2）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句形式：主語(yǔ)+be（am,is,are）+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例：I nwatching TV.3）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句形式：主語(yǔ)+be（am,is,are）+not+動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞+其他例：They are notplaying soccer.4

28、）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句形式及回答：Is（am,are）+主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在分詞 + 其他？Yes,主語(yǔ)+is/am/are.No,主語(yǔ)+isn t/aren t/omti 例：Are you reading? Yes,I am. No,I am not.5）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)句形式：特殊疑問(wèn)詞+is/am/are+主語(yǔ)+現(xiàn)在分詞+其他？例： What is your brother doing?Unit 7 It s raning!一、詞組 play computer games打電子游戲lie on the beach躺在沙灘上play beach volleyball 打沙灘排球in

29、this heat 在酷暑中 in picture 在圖片里on vacation 度假 on thebeach 在海邊 around the world 世界各地 =all over the worldbe surprised at sth./sb.對(duì)某人或某人感至U驚訝berelaxed 放松 =feel relaxed have a good time 玩得很痛快 in different kind of weather在不同的天氣里 thanksb for（doing）sth 由于某事而感謝某人some- - others 一些另一些 a group of people 一群人 loo

30、k at sbdoing/do sth看某人正在做某事/做了某事（事情的全過(guò)程） everyone后只接人不跟 of,相當(dāng)于 everybody; every one 后跟人或物，可跟 of。e.g. Everyone is here.每個(gè)人都在這。Every one of the students likes the teacher.每位學(xué)生都很喜歡這個(gè)老師。二、句型/日常交際用語(yǔ)（1）-How s the weather（+地點(diǎn)）？ -It s rainy. /It s cold and snow-What s the weather like?-The weather there is

31、very hot.(3)- How s it going(with sb.)?某人最近怎樣。/How was your trip?-Great. /Not bad./Terrible/Pretty good!(4)Thank s you for joining CCTV s Around the World show!(5)-Is Aunt Wang there?-Yes, she is/No, she isn (6) There are many people here on vacation. See you later./See you soon.之后見(jiàn) /很快見(jiàn)(8) My phone

32、 isnt working.我的電話壞了。Unit 8 Is there a postoffice near there?一、詞組post office郵局 pay phone投幣式公用電話next to在隔壁across from 在 對(duì)面 in front of 在 前面 between and 在 和.之間on a street 在街上in the neighborhood 在附近 on the right/left 在右邊/在左邊behind 在 后面 on Green street在格林街上near 在附近go straight 一直走 go down(along)沿著.走 welc

33、ome to 歡迎enjoy+名詞/doing喜歡做某事have fun過(guò)得愉快on one s right/left在某人的右邊/左邊turn right/left向右/左轉(zhuǎn)take a walk散步 the way to去.的路 let sb do sth讓某人做某事 take a taxi打的/乘出租車 go through.穿過(guò).have a good trip旅途愉快=have a good time.玩的開(kāi)心，過(guò)得愉快arrive at (小地方)/in (大地方)到達(dá) at thebeginning of在.開(kāi)始的時(shí)候at the end of在.結(jié)束的時(shí)候hope to do

34、sth/that/for sth 希望做某事(不可以用 hope sb. to do sth.) help sb.to do sth./sb. sth.幫助某人某事n front of 與 in the front of 的區(qū)另Uin front of就是指在某物的前方；in the front of是指在某物的內(nèi)部靠前的地方。e.g. sit in the front of the classroom. 指坐在教室前排的。sit in front of the classroom 指坐在教室前面(教室外面的前面)。It cost sb. st. to do sth./some moeysb.

35、 spend time on sth. /(in) doing sth./sb. spend some money.花費(fèi)時(shí)間 /金錢做某事二、句型。/、Is there a .?句型. Eg:-Excuse me. Is there a hotel in /near the neighborhood.-Yes, there is. No. there isn t2、Where is ？句型, Eg:-Where is the park, please?-It s behind the bank.危回答)-I m sorry I don tknow.答)3、Which is the way to

36、 + 地點(diǎn)?句型.如：Which is the way to the library?4、How can I get to+ 地，點(diǎn)?句型.如：How can I get to the restaurant?5、Can you tell me the way to + 地點(diǎn)？ /Could you please tell me .句型.如：Can you tell me the way to the post office?6、Let me tell you the way to my house.7、Just go straight and turn left.I三、日常交際用語(yǔ)1、 Is

37、there a bank near here? Yes, there is .It s on Centre/Streetere isn t.2、Where s the supermarket? It s next to the library.3、Bridge Street is a good place to have fun.4、I hope you have a good trip.5. If you are hungry,you can buy food in the restaurant.6、Talk a walk though the park.7、I know you are a

38、rriving next Sunday. 我知道你下周日要來(lái)。8、Time goes by./time goes quickly.時(shí)間流逝/時(shí)間流逝得飛快Unit 9 What dose he look like?一、詞組curly /short/straight/long hair 卷/短/直發(fā) of medium height/build 中等高度/身體a little bit+形容詞一點(diǎn)兒a pop singer 一位流行歌手be popular with sb在流行not- any more 不再good-looking 好看 wear glasses 戴眼鏡 have a new l

39、ook 呈現(xiàn)新面貌the captain of the basketball team籃球隊(duì)隊(duì)長(zhǎng)Nobody knows me沒(méi)有人認(rèn)識(shí)我二、句型1) -What does he look like?- He s reallyshort. He has short hair./ He is of medium build.2) Do you know I have a new friend in Class Five ?3) -She has beautiful, long black hair.- I don t think he s so great .6) stop doing(sth)

40、表示停止正在干的事如:He stop listening-She never stops talking.stop to do (sth)表示停下來(lái)去做某事如:He stops to listen.7) I can go shopping and nobody knows me.8) -Is he tall or short? -Hes of medium height.9) He has long straight brown hair.描述順序:形狀大小(long/short)-年齡-顏色-國(guó)籍Unit 10 U d like some noodles一、詞組 would like+ n/

41、to do 想要a large/medium/small bowl of 大碗/中碗/小碗what size 什么尺寸orange juice 桔汁what kind of 表示.的種類 a bowl of rice 一碗米飯 three oranges 三個(gè)桔子(可數(shù)) three chickens三只小雞(可數(shù)) gongbao chicken 宮爆雞丁 cut up 切碎 cut down 砍下 二、句型 1) What kind of green tea 綠茶a kind of 一種 some kind of許多種a bottle of orange juice 一瓶桔子汁（不可數(shù)）

42、some chicken 一些雞肉（不可數(shù)）mapo tofu麻婆豆腐cut off 切斷 cut out切掉would you like? 你想要一 ？ 2 ) -What size bowl of noodles would you like?-I like a small bowl of noodles. 3 ) We have large ,medium, and small bowls. 4 ) I like dumplings, I don t like noodles.三、日常交際用語(yǔ) 1) -Can I help you?/ What can I do for you?/May

43、 I take your order?-Id like some noodles. please. 2 ) -What kind of noodles would you like? -Id like mutton and potato noodles.Please. 3 ) -Would you like a cup of green tea?-Yes, please. /No, thankswould like 后面還可以跟不定式 .即:A: would like to do sth. 想要做某事 He would like to see you today.B:would like sb

44、.to.do.sth.想要某人做某事What would you like me to do.OIf引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句主句用一般將來(lái)時(shí)，從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。e.g. If he or she blows(從句)out all the candles in one go, the wish will (主句) come true.If it doesnt (從句) rain, we will (主句)play basketball. it作形式主語(yǔ)。結(jié)構(gòu)：it+be(is/was)+ (for sb.) +to do sth.(對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō))做某事怎么樣e.g. Its getting more a

45、nd more popular to have cake on your birthday.=It becomes more and more popular that people have cake on their birthday.Unit 11 How was you weekend? 一、詞組do some reading 閱讀study for the (math) test 準(zhǔn)備 (數(shù)學(xué)) 考試have a party/ do some sports 做運(yùn)動(dòng) practice+n/doing 練習(xí) what aout/ How about+n/doing 做什么怎么樣 stay

46、 at home 呆家里go to summer camp 去夏令營(yíng)go shopping 去購(gòu)物go to the beach/pool 去沙灘 /游泳go to the mountains 去爬山last month 上個(gè)月three days ago 三天前yesterday 昨天 the day before yesteday 前天 the day after tomorrow 后天look for 尋找 look after照顧，看管 look out (for)留神，注意 look up查找go for a walk 散步 in the morning/afternoon/evening在早上/在下午/在晚上on Sunday morning 在某個(gè)具體天的上午、 下午用介詞onplay computer games 玩電月百游戲 spend money/timeon sth/(in) doing sth 花費(fèi)做watch sb do/doing sth 看某人做了某事 /正在做某事二、句型 1 ) I visited my aunt