賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句詳解與練習(xí)

1、賓語(yǔ)從句和表語(yǔ)從句詳解名詞性從句指的是在整個(gè)句子中起名詞作用的從句。這種從句可以做主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)等，所以這類(lèi)從句包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。各種名詞性從句的結(jié)構(gòu)都是相同的，即由if， whether， that和各種疑問(wèn)詞充當(dāng)連接詞，后接陳述語(yǔ)序。例如：What they are doing seems very important（主語(yǔ)從句） 他們?cè)谧龅氖滤坪鹾苤匾?。My hope is that he will be the best student in the class（表語(yǔ)從句） 我的愿望是他能夠成為班上最好的學(xué)生。Nobody knows who he

2、 is（賓語(yǔ)從句） 大家都不知道他是誰(shuí)。I don't like the idea that money is everything（同位語(yǔ)從句） 我不喜歡金錢(qián)就是一切這一觀點(diǎn)。引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接詞中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作從句中的一個(gè)成分?！举e語(yǔ)從句】在句子中作動(dòng)詞或介詞賓語(yǔ)的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that， whether， if；連接代詞who， which， what以及其強(qiáng)調(diào)形式 whoever， whichever， whatever； 連接副詞 when， where， why， how等。例如：Do you know whe

3、re the Greens live? I have no interest in how rich he is賓語(yǔ)從句主要用于下面五種結(jié)構(gòu)：1由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句（that 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，特別是在口語(yǔ)中可省略）The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planetsthat引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句多用于say， think， insist， wish， hope， demand， imagine， wonder， know， suppose， see， believe， agree， admit， deny， expe

4、ct， explain， order， command， feel， dream， suggest， hear， mean， notice， prefer， request， require， propose， declare， report等后。當(dāng)主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是 think， believe， suppose， expect 等詞，而賓語(yǔ)從句的意思是否定時(shí)，常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。例如：I dont think it is right for him to treat you like that（ I think it is not right for him ）that不能省略的情況：（1

5、）當(dāng)句中的動(dòng)詞后接多于兩個(gè)由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，第一個(gè)that可省，但后面的that不可省。如：He said （that） you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked notto tell you（2）當(dāng)主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與that賓語(yǔ)從句之間有插入語(yǔ)時(shí)，that一般不可省。如：Just then I noticed， for the first time， that our master was wearing his fine greencoat and his black silk cap（3）當(dāng)

6、that從句是雙賓語(yǔ)中的直接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，that不可省。如：I cant tell him that his mother died2由特殊疑問(wèn)詞引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句這樣的賓語(yǔ)從句實(shí)際上是由特殊疑問(wèn)句變化而來(lái)的，賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞常常是：see， say， tell， ask， answer， know， decide， show， find out， imagine， suggest， doubt， wonder， discover， understand， inform， advise等。I cant decide which book I should buy3由wheth

7、er（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句I wonder whether（if） they will come to our party由whether（if）引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，實(shí)際上是一般疑問(wèn)句演變而來(lái)的。意思是“是否”。賓語(yǔ)從句要用陳述句語(yǔ)序。一般說(shuō)來(lái)，在賓語(yǔ)從句中whether與if可以互換使用。4賓語(yǔ)從句后帶有賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，需用it作形式賓語(yǔ)，而把賓語(yǔ)從句放在句后，這時(shí)that不省略。例如：He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home【表語(yǔ)從句】在句子中作表語(yǔ)的從句叫做表語(yǔ)從句。引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句的詞有連詞that，whether；連接代詞w

8、ho，what，which；連接副詞when，where，how，why以及其它連詞as if，as though，because等。例如：The question is whether it is worth readingThey are just what I wantThats why they were late1含有表語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句中的主語(yǔ)通常是fact，truth，explanation，problem，opinion，view等。如：The fact is that fish can't go without water事實(shí)是魚(yú)離開(kāi)水不能存活。2 as if （as t

9、hough）也可以用于表語(yǔ)從句。但多是以下面形式出現(xiàn)。主語(yǔ)look（seem）as if從句如：It looked as if it was going to snowIt seems as if there will be a quarrel soon注意：不用 if 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。reason做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，表語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)由that引導(dǎo)，不用because。 that 引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，通常不能省略。專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí)1 I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week Is that _you had a few days off?A why B whe

10、n C what D where2 I ask her _ come with meA if she will B if will sheC whether will sheD will she3 It was a matter of _ would take the positionA who B whoeverC whomD whomever4 Can you tell me _?A who is that gentleman isB that gentleman is whoC who that gentleman is D whom is that gentleman5 Can you

11、 tell me _ the railway station?A how I can get toB what can I get toC where I can got toD where can I get to6 It is generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wantsA however B whatever C whichever D whenever7 Do you know _ ?A what is his nameB how is his nameC what his name isD how his

12、name is8 Go and get your coat It's_ you left itA thereB whereC there where D where there9 I wonder how much _A does the watch costB did the watch costC the watch costed D the watch costs10 It was _ he said _ disappointed meA what；that B that；thatC what；what D that；what11 "Is Mary from New Y

13、ork City?" "I don't know _"A from what city does she come fromB from what city she comeC what city does she come fromD what city she comes from12 Henry killed the dog I'll ask him why _A did he do that B he did thatC he did D he has done so13 Have you seen Henry lately? My bos

14、s wants to know _A how he is getting alongB how is he getting alongC what he is getting alongD what is he getting along14 I am sure _ he said is trueA that B about that C of that D that what15 You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presentsA how they were excitedB how excited the

15、y wereC how excited were theyD they were how excited16 Why the explosion occurred was _ the laboratory attendant had been carelessA for B because C since D that17 We gave him _ help we couldA whichB what C that D this18 Excuse me would you please tell me _?A when the sports meet is taken placeB when

16、 is the sports meet going to be heldC when is the sports meet to beginD when the sports meet is to take place19 This book will show you _ can be used in other contextsA how you have observedB how what you have observedC that you have observedD how that you have observed20 Where do you think _?A has he gone B has he been C he's gone D was he參考答案：1 A 由句子結(jié)構(gòu)得知，空白處應(yīng)選能在表語(yǔ)從句中作狀語(yǔ)的連接副詞，A B D三個(gè)答案均能滿(mǎn)足這一要求，但根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A，why為連接副詞，在表語(yǔ)從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)。2 A 賓語(yǔ)從句作ask的直接賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序。3 A 空白處在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)，因而可首先排除C、D兩項(xiàng)。whoever anyone who與題意不符，故答案為A。4 C 賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)用陳述句語(yǔ)序?！澳隳芨嬖V我那位紳士是誰(shuí)嗎?”5 A 問(wèn)路應(yīng)該說(shuō)How can I