非謂語動(dòng)詞--之動(dòng)詞不定式(to-do)的用法

1、精選優(yōu)質(zhì)文檔-傾情為你奉上非謂語動(dòng)詞 之動(dòng)詞不定式（to do）的用法非謂語動(dòng)詞是指在句子中不是謂語的動(dòng)詞，主要形式有：不定式、動(dòng)名詞和分詞（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）。1. “to do”動(dòng)詞不定式的變形原形進(jìn)行式完成式完成進(jìn)行式to do(not) to be doing(not) to have done(not) to have been doing動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生 （或幾乎同時(shí)）或發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞之后謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)，動(dòng)詞不定時(shí)的動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語動(dòng)詞或特定時(shí)間之前動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)作在謂語動(dòng)詞動(dòng)作之前，且一直在持續(xù)2. 動(dòng)詞不定式的用法（1） 充當(dāng)主語

2、（一般會(huì)用it 當(dāng)形式主語）To swim here is dangerous. =It is dangerous to swim here.To pass this English exam is unlikely. = （2） 充當(dāng)表語 （多數(shù)情況下，可以轉(zhuǎn)換成動(dòng)詞不定式做主語）My job is to help with your English learning.To help with your English learning is my job.（3） 充當(dāng)賓語 （只能做某些動(dòng)詞的賓語，一般不做介詞的賓語；有時(shí)用“it”做形式賓語）I decided to attend this

3、 meeting last night.I find it necessary to learn a foreign language. 注意：當(dāng)以下動(dòng)詞欲接動(dòng)詞作賓語時(shí)，只能跟不定式作賓語。 decide, determine, learn, wish, hope agree, plan, pretend, dare, refuse, fail prepare, try, manage, help, promise offer, beg, demand, afford, arrange, be supposed（4） 充當(dāng)賓語補(bǔ)足語 I persuaded him to make a spe

4、ech in public.注意：在感官動(dòng)詞使役動(dòng)詞help后（see, hear, watch, notice, make, have, let后不定式做賓補(bǔ)時(shí)，可省略“to”）I saw them have a disagreement on who should sweep the floor. （我看到了他們爭論的整個(gè)過程）但，感官動(dòng)詞后面也可接Ving形式，表示正在進(jìn)行。I saw them arguing about who should sweep the floor. （我看到他們正在爭論誰該掃地，并不一定看到了整個(gè)過程）（5） 充當(dāng)狀語 （目的，原因，結(jié)果狀語，其邏輯主語與句

5、子主語一致）I wrote him a letter to further explain this matter. （目的狀語）Im sorry to bother you. （原因狀語）He queued for hours at the box office only to find that the show was sold out. （結(jié)果狀語，only + to find/realize/discover表示出乎意料的結(jié)果）（6） 充當(dāng)定語 （不定式作定語，要放在所修飾的詞的后面）I have a lot of dishes to wash.Do you have anythin

6、g to say?There are 3 questions to answer.（7） 一些固定句型中不定式省略“to”had betterwould rather do than dowhy not do “except/but” 有 “do” 無 “to”，有”to”無 “do”have nothing to do but dodo everything but/excepthave no choice but towant nothing but/except to （8） 當(dāng)兩個(gè)或多個(gè)作用相同的不定式并列（and/or/than）時(shí)，通常只保留第一個(gè)不定式的“to”. He told

7、 me to stay there and wait for him.Its easier to persuade people than force them. To try and fail is better than not to try at all. （否定式中“to”不能省略）習(xí)題：1. Its great _ (hear) this news that China team won the match.2. He pretended _ (sleep) when his younger brother came in. 3. We agreed _ (meet) here but so far she has not turned up yet.4. Although regular exercise is very important, its never a good idea _ (exercise) too close to bedtime.5. Its going to rain. Youd be