初中定語從句課件

1、什么是定語從句呢？什么是定語從句呢？答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞答案：修飾前面某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。的從句叫定語從句。結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)構(gòu)： 先行詞先行詞 + 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞 + 句子句子 The man who lives next to us is a policeman.先行詞先行詞_ 關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞_ 定語從句定語從句關(guān)系詞關(guān)系詞關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞: that, which, who, whom,whose關(guān)系副詞關(guān)系副詞: when, where, why關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞： 指物：指物：that which 指人：指人：who (主主/賓格賓格) that whom（賓格）（賓格）關(guān)系代

2、詞關(guān)系代詞that, which引導(dǎo)的定語從句引導(dǎo)的定語從句: 如果如果先行詞先行詞是表示物的是表示物的名詞或代詞名詞或代詞，關(guān)系，關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用代詞應(yīng)用that、which. (作作主語主語或或賓語賓語)This is a dream.The dream will never come true.This is a dream which will never come true.The dog has been found.The dog was lost.The dog which was lost has been found.Practise: 1.This is the house

3、which is for sale.2. The book which is lying on the floor is mine.which / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)/ that（作主語）（作主語）who / that 作主語作主語. (不能省不能省)This is the film star.The film star is very popular in China.This is the film star who is very popular in China. (作主語作主語)1.The boy who broke the window is called

4、Roy.2. Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting yesterday?3. The girl who is watering the flowers is my cousin./ thatwhich / that 作賓語作賓語 ： （可省略）可省略）This is the card.Ive just received the card.This is the card which / that Ive just received.Practise:1.This is the mistake (which /that) I always ma

5、ke.2. I still keep the letters (which )she wrote to me.3. I lost the pen (which) my father bought me.( ) （作賓語）（作賓語）who / whom 代替人，在從句中充當(dāng)代替人，在從句中充當(dāng) 賓語賓語 He is the man. I told you about him. He is the man I told you about . The woman is a teacher. We saw the woman in the park just now. The woman is a

6、teacher. whoWe saw in the park just now whomthe woman whowhomhim.小結(jié)：小結(jié)： that 既可指人，也可指物，作主語，既可指人，也可指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。不能省略；作賓語，可以省略。 which指物，作主語，不能省略；作指物，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略賓語，可以省略. who 指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，指人，作主語，不能省略；作賓語，可以省略可以省略,（常用（常用whom）注注:當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時,定語定語從句的謂語動詞形式由先行詞定。從句的謂語動詞形式由

7、先行詞定。whose 作定語作定語,表示所屬關(guān)系。表示所屬關(guān)系。 The boy is my classmate. The boys father is a policeman.The boy whose father is a policeman is my classmate.關(guān)系代詞：whoseI want s window faces the sea.Eg:我看見一些葉子是黃色的樹。I saw some trees _leaves were yellow.護(hù)士就是以照看病人為工作的人。A nurse is a person _ job is to take care of the pa

8、tient in the hospital.a roomThe room. whosewhosewhosewhose 作定語從句的作定語從句的定語定語. I know the girl whose mother is a teacher.分解分解I know the girl.The girls mother is a teacher.作定語作定語A child _ parents are dead is called an orphan( 孤兒孤兒).A. who B. whose C. whos D. which有時只能用有時只能用 that , 不用不用 which, 常見的情況有五種：

9、常見的情況有五種：1.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是 all, any, few, little, none, anything, everything, nothing , 或被它們修飾時?；虮凰鼈冃揎棔r。 Thats all that I know. Is there anything that I can do for you? He answered few questions that the teacher asked.2. 當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時當(dāng)先行詞被形容詞最高級或序數(shù)詞修飾時 That is the most interesting book that I have e

10、ver read.The first thing that I should do is to review my lessons.3. 當(dāng)先行詞有當(dāng)先行詞有the very, the only, the same等修等修飾時。飾時。Thats the only thing that I can do now.These are the very words that he used.4. 當(dāng)主句以當(dāng)主句以 who 或或 which開頭時，定語從句的開頭時，定語從句的關(guān)系詞用關(guān)系詞用 that, 而不用而不用 which 或或 who.Who is the girl that spoke to

11、 you just now?Which is the pen that you lost ?5. 先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用先行詞同時包括人或物時，關(guān)系詞用that.The man and his dog that I always meet are standing by the gate.Exercise 1 :用關(guān)系代詞填空用關(guān)系代詞填空1. The boy _ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.2. The e-mail _ I received yesterday was from my sister.3. I hate people _

12、 talk much but do little.4. The car _ my father bought last month is very beautiful.who / thatwhich/ thatwho / thatwhich / that5. The man _ hair is white is his grandfather.6. Is there a student _ father is a business man?7. This is the house in _ we have lived for 10 years.8.Ive never heard of the

13、people and things _ you talked about just now.whosewhosewhich that當(dāng)先行詞同時指人和物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.Exercise 2. 1. My father and his teacher talked a lot about the persons and things _ they couldnt remember.2. Say all _ you know.3. Is there anything _ I can do for you?thatthatthat當(dāng)先行詞是something, anything, not

14、hing, all 等詞時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.4.This is the first play _ I have seen since I came here.5. This is the best novel _ I have read.thatthat當(dāng)先行詞被序數(shù)詞，最高級序數(shù)詞，最高級等詞修飾時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.6.Who is the girl _is standing under the tree?7. Which is the machine _ we used last Sunday.當(dāng)主句是who或或which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句時時，或中心詞指人

15、或物時，關(guān)系代詞只能用that.thatthat關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when/ where/why when 作時間狀語作時間狀語:She will never forget the day.She was married on that day.She will never forget the day when (=on which)she was married.It was the year.The World War I broke out in the year.It was the year when (= in which) the World War I broke out.

16、When = 介詞介詞 + which where 作地點狀語作地點狀語I want to know the place.I was born there.I want to know the place where (= in which) I was born.The table where (= at which ) she is sitting is a new one.where = 介詞介詞 + whichwhy 作原因狀語作原因狀語, 其先行詞常常是其先行詞常常是the reason.That is the reason why(= for which) Im late.I kn

17、ow the reason why he said it.why = for which 3.October 1,1949 is the day _ the PRC was founded. A. which B. when C. that D. on that 4. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that挑戰(zhàn)高難度！挑戰(zhàn)高難度！ 1. Is this the place _ you were born? A. which B.where C.what D.that 2. Is this the pla

18、ce _ some German friends visited last year? A. which B.where C.what D. why 3.The house _ the famous writer wrote his works is a museum now. A. which B.where C.what D.that 4.The house _ the famous writer bought many years ago is a museum now. A. that B.where C.what D. why 5.He told her the reason_ he

19、 is unhappy, but she doesnt believe the reason _ he gives her. A. why; why B. why; which C. that; why D. which; why難點難點(1)：區(qū)分：區(qū)分who, whom1. The man _ talked to you just now is a worker. 2. The foreigner _ visited our class yesterday is from Canada.3. Id like to see the boy _ you talked about .4. The girl _ we saw yesterday is Johns sister.whowhowhom