中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法總結(jié)之賓語(yǔ)從句

1、學(xué)生姓名 年級(jí) 初三 授課時(shí)間 教師姓名 課時(shí) 2 課 題語(yǔ)法專(zhuān)題二 賓語(yǔ)從句 (通用版)教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握賓語(yǔ)從句的用法重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞,語(yǔ)序和時(shí)態(tài)的選擇使用賓語(yǔ)從句中考考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練第一【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考對(duì)賓語(yǔ)從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：1. 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句的連詞和代詞選擇；2. 賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序；3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)?？疾榈闹饕问绞菃雾?xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書(shū)面表達(dá)肯定也要用到賓語(yǔ)從句。 第二【名師精講】1賓語(yǔ)從句定義：賓語(yǔ)從句是一種名詞性從句，在主句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)成分。表現(xiàn)為：(1)作及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，(2)或介詞的賓語(yǔ)，(3)形容詞的賓語(yǔ)。舉例：(1)He sa

2、id (that) he wanted to stay at home. (從句做said及物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)) He told me (that) where Mary lived.(從句做told及物動(dòng)詞的直接賓語(yǔ)，雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)) (2)He took part in what he liked.(took part in充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)，從句做介詞in的賓語(yǔ)) (3)He was proud (that) he could overcome the weakness.(從句做形容詞proud的賓語(yǔ))2 賓語(yǔ)從句的種類(lèi)可分為三類(lèi)：1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。That只有語(yǔ)法作用，沒(méi)有實(shí)在的意義，在口語(yǔ)和

3、非正式文體中可以省略。例如：He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.She doesnt know (that) she is seriously ill.I am sure (that) he will succeed.2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語(yǔ)從句中充當(dāng)某個(gè)成分。例如：Do you know who (whom) they are waiting for?He asked whose handwritin

4、g was the best.Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?I dont know why the train is late.3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：I want to know if (whether) he lives there.He asked me whether (if) I could help him.3. 賓語(yǔ)從句的考點(diǎn)： (1)賓語(yǔ)從句的語(yǔ)序：陳述句的語(yǔ)序例如：I hear (that) physics isnt easy.I think (tha

5、t) you will like this school soon.Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?Please tell me when well have the meeting. (2)賓語(yǔ)從句的時(shí)態(tài)：1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。如：I dont think (that) you are right.Please tell us where he had supper last night.Can you tell me whether you have finished your homework？Can

6、 you tell me how I will get to the railway station?Could you tell me how I will get to the railway station?(could 在這里是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，不代表過(guò)去時(shí)。由tell實(shí)意動(dòng)詞判斷時(shí)態(tài))注意：主句是過(guò)去時(shí)，從句才能用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。中考例題解析： Would you please tell me _? A. when did he come home B. where he would play football C. if he had seen the film D. why he didnt

7、 watch the game I dont know when _. A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句只能用相應(yīng)的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài) （一般過(guò)去時(shí)， 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，過(guò)去完成時(shí)）。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.He asked if you had written to

8、 Peter.He said that he would go back to the U.S. Soon.中考例題解析： Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2009. A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived 3. 如果賓語(yǔ)從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved th

9、at the earth turns around the sun. (3)賓語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞(關(guān)系代詞)的選擇法則：根據(jù)題意來(lái)分析確實(shí)的引導(dǎo)詞充當(dāng)什么成分來(lái)決定。 -We dont know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 【第三【精題練習(xí)】一. 單項(xiàng)填空1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday? A. what w

10、ill Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his name C. that his name is D. what his name is3. Do you know _ I could pass the exam? A. that B. whether C. what D. which4. Jim doesnt understand _. A. which is the way to the museum B

11、. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for? A. that B. whose C. who D. which6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening. A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son

12、 come home D. when his son came home7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning? A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend8. -Im waiting for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive? -Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what9. -Excuse me, would you plea

13、se tell me _? -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital. A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the post office D. how could we get to the post office10. -Can I help you? -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to

14、 get there? A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the meeting would start C. what hes going to do at the meeting D. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden

15、? -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you visit D. when you would visit13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang? A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what14. You cant imagine _ when they received

16、these nice Christmas presents. A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether16. -Could you tell me _? -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting. A. w

17、hat does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D. what he said at the meeting17. -Could you tell me _ last night? -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing18. The t

18、eacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D.

19、 had they had20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road. A. how B. why C. that D. when二. 根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)句子的意思完成下列英語(yǔ)句子1. 李明說(shuō)他對(duì)玩電腦游戲感興趣。 Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games.2. 我認(rèn)為瑪麗不回來(lái)了。 I dont think Mary _ _.3. 山姆給我說(shuō)他準(zhǔn)備去上海。 Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai.4. 請(qǐng)你告訴我去鐘樓怎

20、麼走嗎？ Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower?5. 父親說(shuō)他買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)新電腦。 Father said that he _ _ a new computer.6. 我想知道今天晚上還有沒(méi)有去北京的火車(chē)。 I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing.7. 你知道一個(gè)雙人間多少錢(qián)嗎？ Do you know _ _ a double room _?8. 請(qǐng)你告訴我我們外出多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間好嗎？ Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away?9. 叔叔說(shuō)他正在寫(xiě)一

21、本新小說(shuō)。 Uncle said that he _ _ a new novel.10. 杰克說(shuō)他有重要事情要做。 Jack said he _ something important to do.【練習(xí)答案】一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if (whether) 7.how much 8.how long 9.was wri

22、ting 10.had1. -I hear that a famous professor will come to our school and give us a talk. -Do you know _？ A. when will he give a talk B. when he will arrive C. what will he talk about D. how will he come2. Mary told me in that email that she _ the Great Wall the next day. A. will visit B. has visite

23、d C. is going to visit D. would visit3. I want to know if there _ a new film on in the Sun Cinema next week. If there _, I will see it. A. is; will be B. will be; will be C. will be; is D. will have; is4. -Could you tell me _, dear? -To borrow my camera. A. why did Alice call you B. when Alice calle

24、d you C. why Alice called you D. when did Alice called you5. He asked you _ a car to work every day. A. do you drive B. did you drive C. how did you drive D. whether you drove6. Your dictioanary is very nice. Could you tell me how much _? A. is it B. it is C. does it cost D. it will cost7. -Do you k

25、now when your father _ back home? -No, but I think he _ back after he finishes his work. A. will come; comes B. will come; will come C. comes; comes D. comes; will come8. -Where does she come from? -Pardon? -I asked where _. A. she comes B. she came from C. did she come D. does she come from9. -Do y

26、ou know _ over there? -Lets go and have a look. A. what to happen B. what is happening C. what was happening D. what will happen10. Please tell us how many lessons _. A. you have learned B. have you learned C. did you learn D. had you learned11. -Do you know _ the woman in a white hat is? -Im not sure. Maybe she is a manager. A. how B. where C. what D. who12. -Where do you think _ he _ the cell phone? -Sorry, Ive no idea. A. /; bought B. has; bought C. did; buy D. had; bought13. -Mike wants to know