小學英語語法解釋和練習題

1、小學英語語法練習題、名詞復數規(guī)那么1. 一般情況下,直接加 -s,如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2. 以 s. x. sh. ch 結尾,力日-es, 如： bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3. 以 輔音字母 +y "結尾,變 y 為 i, 再加-es, 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4. 以"或fe '結尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如：knife-knives5. 不規(guī)那么名詞復數：ma

2、n-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-micechild-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出以下各詞的復數Ihimthisherwatchchildphotodiarydayfootbookdresstoothsheep _box_ strawberry _thiefyo-yo_ peachsandwich _manwomanpaperjui

3、cewatermilkricetea二、一般現在時一般現在時根本用法介紹【No. 1】一般現在時的功能1. 表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài).如： The sky is blue.天空是藍色的.2. 表示經常性或習慣性的動作.如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點起床.3. 表示客觀現實.如：The earth goes around the sun地球繞著太陽轉.一般現在時的構成1. be 動詞:主語 +be(am,is,are)+ 其它.如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩.2. 行為動詞：主語+行為動詞(+其它).如：We study English.我們學習英語

4、.當主語為第三人稱單數 (he, she,it)時,要在動詞后加"-s"或"-es".如：Mary likes Chinese. 瑪麗喜歡漢語.一般現在時的變化1. be動詞的變化.否認句：主語 + be + not +其它.如：He is not a worker.他不是工人.一般疑問句：Be +主語+其它.如:-Are you a student?-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一般疑問句.如： Where is my bike?2. 行為動詞的變化.否認句：主語+ don't( doesn&

5、#39;t ) +動詞原形(+其它).如：I don't like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數時,要用 doesn't構成否認句.如：He doesn't often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) +主語+動詞原形+其它.如：-Do you often play football?-Yes, I do. / No, I don't.當主語為第三人稱單數時,要用does構成一般疑問句.如：-Does she go to work by bike?-Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +一

6、般疑問句.如： How does your father go to work?動詞+s的變化規(guī)那么1. 一般情況下,直接加 -s,如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2. 以 s. x. sh. ch.結尾,力日-es, 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3. 以 輔音字母+y結尾,變y為i,再加-es,如：study-studies一般現在時用法專練：一、寫出以下動詞的第三人稱單數drinkgo_ staymake _lookhavepasscarrycomewatchplantflystudybrushdo

7、teach二、用括號內動詞的適當形式填空.1. He often(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy(be) in Class One.3. We(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. they(like) the World Cup?6. What they often(do) on Saturdays?7. your parents(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl(teach) us English on Su

8、ndays.9. She and I(take) a walk together every evening.10. There(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike(like) cooking.12. They(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always(do) your homework well.15. I(be) ill. I' m staying in bed.16. She(go) to school from Monday

9、 to Friday.17. Liu Tao(do) not like PE.18. The child often(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day(be) it today?It ' s Saturday.根據要求改寫句子1. Daniel watches TV every evening.( 改為否認句 )2. I do my homework every day.改為一般疑問句,作否認答復3. She likes milk.改為一般

10、疑問句,作肯定答復4. Amy likes playing computer games.改為一般疑問句,作否認答復5. We go to school every morning.改為否認句 6. He speaks English very well.改為否認句7. I like taking photos in the park.對劃線局部提問8. John comes from Canada.對劃線局部提問9. She is always a good student.改為一般疑問句,作否認答復10. Simon and Daniel like going skating.改為否認句五

11、、改錯劃出錯誤的地方,將正確的寫在橫線上1. Is your brother speak English?2. Does he likes going fishing?3. He likes play games after class.4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.5. She don ' t do her homework on Sundays.三、現在進行時1. 現在進行時表示現在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作,也可表示當前一段時間內的活動或現階 段正在進行的動作.2. 現在進行時的肯定句根本結構為be+動詞ing.3. 現在進行時的否認句在be后加not.4 .

12、現在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首.5.現在進行時的特殊疑問的根本結構為：疑問詞不達意+ be +主語+動詞ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞不達意+ be +動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)那么1. 一般情況下,直接加 ing,如：cook-cooking2. 以不發(fā)音的 e結尾,去 e加 ing,如： make-making, taste-tasting3. 如果末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母,雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping現在進行時專項練習：一、寫出以下動詞的現在分詞：play run swim makego lik

13、e write skireadhavesingdanceputseebuylovelivetakecomegetstopsitbeginshop二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1. The boy( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother( cook )some nice food now.4. What you( do ) now?5. Look . They( have) an English lesson .6. They(not ,water) the flowers n

14、ow.7. Look! the girls(dance )in the classroom .8. What is our granddaughter doing? She(listen ) to music.9. It ' s 5 o ' clock now. We(have)supper now10. Helen(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .三、句型轉換：1. They are doing housework .(分別改成一般疑問句和否認句)2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(改一般疑問句并作

15、肯定和否認答復)3. I ' m playing the football in the playground .0寸劃線局部進行提問)4. Tom is reading books in his study .(對劃線局部進行提問)四、將來時理論及練習一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、方案或準備做某事.句中一般有以下時間狀語:tomorrow, next day(week, month, year -),soon, the day after tomorro而天)等.二、根本結構： be going to + do ; will+ do.三、 否認句：在 be動詞(am

16、, is, are) l后加not或情態(tài)動詞 will后加not成won' d例如:I ' m going to have a picnic this afternoon.I ' m not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、 一般疑問句：be或will提到句首,some改為any, and改為or,第一二人稱互換.例如: We are going to go on an outing this weekend.Are you going to go on an outing thisweekend?五、對劃線局部提問.一般

17、情況,一般將來時的對劃線局部有三種情況.1. 問人.Who 例如：I ' m going to New York soon.Who' s going to New York soon.2. 問干什么. What do例如： My father is going to watch a race with me thisafternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon3. 問什么時候.When.例如： She' s going to go to bed at nine.When is she

18、 goingto bed?六、同義句： be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天).=I will go swimming tomorrow.練習：填空.1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊.I have a picnic with my friends.I have a picnic with my friends.2. 下個星期一你打算去干嘛 我想去打籃球.What next Monday? I play basketball.What you do next Monday? I play basketball.3. 你媽媽這個

19、周末去購物嗎是,她要去買一些水果.your mother go shopping this?Yes, she. She buy some fruit.4. 你們打算什么時候見面.What time you meet?改句子.5. Nancy is going to go camping.(改否認)Nancy going to go camping.6. I ' ll go and join them改否認)I go join them.7. I ' m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow改一般疑問句)to get up at 6:30 tomorr

20、ow?8. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.(改一般疑問句)meet at the bus stop at 10:30.9. She is going to listen to music after school.(對劃線局部提問)she after school?10. My father and mother are going to see a play the day after tomorrow.( 同上)going to see a play the day after tomorrow.用所給詞的適當形式填空.11. Today is

21、 a sunny day. We(have) a picnic this afternoon.12. My brother(go) to Shanghai next week.13. Tom often(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He (go) to school by bike.14. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually (watch) TV and(catch) insects?15. It ' Fsiday today. What she (do) this week

22、end? She (watch) TV and(catch) insects.16. What (d0) you do last Sunday? I (pick) apples on a farm. What(do) next Sunday? I(milk) cows.17. Mary(visit) her grandparents tomorrow.18. Liu Tao(fly) kites in the playground yesterday.19. David(give) a puppet show next Monday.20. I(plan) for my study now五、

23、一般過去時1. 一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài),常和表示過去的時間狀語連 用.一般過去時也表示過去經常或反復發(fā)生的動作感謝.2. Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as.(was not=wasn,tare在一般過去時中變?yōu)?were.(were not=weren )' t帶有was或were的句子,其否認、疑問的變化和is, am, are 一樣,即否認句在 was或were后加not, 一般疑問句把 was或were調到句首.3 .句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否認句：didn '磷詞原形,如： Jim didn '

24、; t go home yesterday.一般疑問句：在句首加did,句子中的動詞過去式變回原形.如: Did Jim go home yesterday?特殊疑問句：疑問詞 +did+主語+動詞原形如： What did Jim do yesterday?疑問詞當主語時：疑問詞+動詞過去式如: Who went to home yesterday?動詞過去式變化規(guī)那么：1 .一般在動詞末尾加 -ed,如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked2 .結尾是 e 加 d,如：taste-tasted3. 末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加-ed

25、,如:stop-stopped4. 以 輔音字母+y"結尾的,變 y為i, 再加-ed,如：study-studied5. 不規(guī)那么動詞過去式：am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-ro

26、de, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習寫出以下動詞的過去式isam fly plant aredrink play go makedoes dance worry asktaste eat draw putthrow kick pass doBe動詞的過去時練習1Name No.Date一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I at school just now.2. He at the camp last week.3. We students two years ago.4. They on the farm a momen

27、t ago.5. Yang Ling eleven years old last year.6. There an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone on the sofa yesterday evening.二、句型轉換1. It was exciting.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：2. All the students were very excited.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：3. They were in his poc

28、ket.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：Be動詞的過去時練習2Name No.Date一、用 be1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yesterday.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today

29、the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It ChildrenAll the students very excited.二、句型轉換1. There was a car in front of the house just now.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：肯、否認答復：三、中譯英1. 我的故事書剛剛還在手表旁邊.2. 他們的外套上個禮拜放在臥室里了.3. 一會以前花園里有兩只小鳥.行為動詞的過去時練習1Name No.Date一、用行為動詞的適當形式填空1. He(live) in Wuxi two years ago.2.

30、 The cat(eat) a bird last night.3. We(have) a party last Halloween.4. Nancy(pick) up oranges on the farm last week.5. I(make) a model ship with Mike yesterday.6. They(play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.7. My mother(cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.8. The girls(sing) and(dance) at the

31、party.1. Su Hai took some photos at the Sports day.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：2. Nancy went to school early.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：3. We sang some English songs.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：行為動詞的過去時練習(2)Name No.Date一、用 be1. I(watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father(read) a newspaper last night.3. We to zoo yesterday, we to

32、the park. (go)4. you(visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he(fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he.6. Gao Shan(pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I(sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning? She (find) a beautiful butterfly.二、句型轉換1. They pla

33、yed football in the playground.否認句:_般疑問句：肯、否認答復：三、中譯英1. 格林先生去年住在中國.2. 昨天我們參觀了農場.3. 他剛剛在找他的 .過去時綜合練習(1)Name No.Date一、用動詞的適當形式填空1. It(be) Ben ' s birthday last Friday.2. We all(have) a good time last night.3. He(jump) high on last Sports Day.4. Helen(milk) a cow on Friday.5. She likes newspapers,

34、but she a book yesterday. (read)6. He football now, but they basketball just now. (play)7. Jim ' s mother(plant) trees just now.8. they(sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they.9. I(watch) a cartoon on Monday.10. We(go) to school on Sunday.二、中譯英1. 我們上周五看了一部電影.2. 他上個中秋節(jié)走親訪友了嗎是的.3. 你們上個兒童節(jié)做了什么我們參觀了動物園

35、.4. 你上周在哪兒過去時綜合練習(2)Name No.Date一、用動詞的適當形式填空1. It(be) the 2nd of November yesterday.Mr White(go) to his office by car.2. Gao Shan(put) the book on his head a moment ago.3. Don ' t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)4. What you just now? I some housework. (do)5. They(make) a kite a week ago.6. I

36、 want to apples. But my dad all of them last month. (pick)7. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he. (water)8. She(be) a pretty girl. Look, she(do) Chinese dances.9. The students often(draw) some pictures in the art room.10. What Mike do on the farm? He cows. (milk)二、中譯英1. 他的朋友在照看他的弟弟.2.2. 他在音樂課上拉小提琴了

37、嗎不,沒有.六、形容詞和副詞的比較級復習及練習一、形容詞的比較級1、形容詞比較級在句子中的運用：兩個事物或人的比較用比較級,比較級后面一般帶有單詞than.比較級前面可以用 more, a little來修飾表示程度.than后的人稱代詞用主格口 語中可用賓格.2 .形容詞加er的規(guī)那么：一般在詞尾加 er ;以字母e結尾,加r ;以一個元音字母和一個輔音字母結尾,應雙寫末尾的輔音字母,再加 er ;以輔音字母+y"結尾,先把y變i,再加er.3.不規(guī)那么形容詞比較級：good-better, beautiful-more beautiful二、副詞的比較級1. 形容詞與副詞的區(qū)別有

38、be用形,有形用be;有動用副,有副用動在句子中形容詞一般處于名詞之前或be動詞之后副詞在句子中最常見的是處于實義動詞之后2. 副詞比較級的變化規(guī)那么根本與形容詞比較級相同不規(guī)那么變化：well-better, far-farther三、練習一、寫出以下形容詞或副詞的比較級_ longold_youngtallshortstrongbigsmallfatthinheavylightnicegoodbeautifullowhighslowfastlateearlyfarwell二)、根據句意填入單詞的正確形式：1. My brother is two years(old)than me.2. T

39、om is as(fat) as Jim.3. Is your sister(young) than you? Yes,she is.4. Who is(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.5. Whose pencil-box is(big),yours or hers? Hers is.6. Mary ' s hair is as(long) as Lucy' s.7. Ben(jump)(high) than some of the boys in his class.8. Nancy sing(well) than Helen? Yes, she.

40、9. Fangfang is not as(tall) as the other girls.10. My eyes are(big) than(she).11. Which is(heavy),the elephant or the pig?12. Who gets up(early),Tim or Tom?13. the girls get up(early) than the boys?No,they.14. Jim runs(slow). But Ben runs(slow).15. The child doesn' t (write) as(fast) as the stud

41、ents.三)、譯句子：1. 誰比Jim年紀大是你.is than Jim ? are2. 誰比David更強壯是 Gao Shan.than David? Gao Shan.3. 誰的鉛筆更長,他的還是她的我想是她的.pencil is,or ? is,I think.4. 誰的蘋果更重,你的姐姐的還是你的弟弟的我的弟弟的.apples,your or your?My.5. 你和你的叔叔一樣高嗎是的.as as your uncle?Yes,I am.6. 他和他的朋友 Jim 一樣年輕.He as as Jim.7. 她和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣胖嗎不,她比他瘦.as as twin?No,th

42、an him.8. Yang Ling每天睡得比 SuYang晚.Yang Ling to than Su Yang every day.9. 我跳得和Mike 一樣遠.I as as Mike.10. Tom比你跑得快嗎不是的,他和我跑得一樣快.Tom than you?No,he. He as as.11.more exercise,you ' ll soon.11. 我的科學很好,但是語文不好.I at Science.But I don' t well in Chinese.12. 你放風箏比王兵放得高嗎不,我比他放得低.you the kite than Wang b

43、ing?No,I it than.13. 我喜歡游泳.我所有的朋友都游得比我慢.I like.All my than me.14. 我的姐姐起得比我早.My up than me.15. 女孩比男孩唱得好嗎是的.the girls the boys? Yes,they.16. 她不擅長體育.但我跳得沒有她高.She doesn ' t in PE. But I don' t than17. 你足球踢得比你的同班同學好嗎不,他們踢得和我一樣好.you football than your classmates?No,they as as me.19My than my.20. 她

44、的毛衣和我的一樣重.sweater as as.21. 我的連衣裙太短了.我想買一條大點的.My dress too. I want to a one.22. I'm taller than Mike .該成用原級的比較I'm as as Mike .七、There be句型與have, has的區(qū)別1、There be句型表示：在某地有某物或人2、 在there be句型中,主語是單數,be動詞用is ;主語是復數,be動詞用are ;如有幾 件物品,be動詞根據最*近be動詞的那個名詞決定.3、there be句型的否認句在 be動詞后加not , 一般疑問句把be動詞調到

45、句首.4、 there be句型與havehas的區(qū)別：there be表示在某地有某物或人；havehas表 示某人擁有某物.5、some和any在there be句型中的運用：some用于肯定句, any用于否認句或疑問 句.6、 and和or在there be句型中的運用：and用于肯定句,or用于否認句或疑問句.7、針對數量提問的特殊疑問句的根本結構是：How many + 名詞復數 + are there + 介詞短語How much + 不可數名詞 + is there +介詞短語8、針對主語提問的特殊疑問句的根本結構是：What' s穌詞短語Fill in the bla

46、nk with"have,has " or "there is , there are 1. I a good father and a good mother.2. a telescope on the desk.3. He a tape-recorder.4. a basketball in the playground.5. She some dresses.6. They a nice garden.7. What do you?8. a reading-room in the building?9. What does Mike?10. any book

47、s in the bookcase?11. My father a story-book.12. a story-book on the table.13. any flowers in the vase?14. How many students in the classroom?15. My parents some nice pictures.16. some maps on the wall.17. a map of the world on the wall.18. David a telescope.19. David ' s friends some tents.20.

48、many children on the hill.用恰當的be動詞填空.1、There a lot of sweets in the box.2、There some milk in the glass.3、There some people under the the big tree.4、There a picture and a map on the wall.5、There a box of rubbers near the books.6、There lots of flowers in our garden last year.7、There a tin of chicken b

49、ehind the fridge yesterday.8、There four cups of coffee on the table.Fill in the blank with" have, has 1. I a nice puppet.2. He a good friend.3. They some masks.4. We some flowers.5. She a duck.6. My father a new bike.7. Her mother a vase.8. Our teacher an English book.9. Our teachers a basketba

50、ll.10. Their parents some blankets11. Nancy many skirts.12. David some jackets.13. My friends a football.14. What do you?15. What does Mike?16. What do your friends?17. What does Helen?18. His brother a basketball.19. Her sister a nice doll.20. Miss Li an English book.八、人稱代詞和物主代詞1、 人稱代詞主格和賓格的區(qū)別：主格通常

51、位于句中第一個動詞之前有時候位于than之后,賓格一般位于動詞或介詞之后.2、物主代詞形容詞性與名詞性的區(qū)別：形容詞性用時后面一般要帶上名詞,名詞性那么單 獨使用,后面不帶名詞.人稱代詞物主代詞主格賓格形容詞性名詞性我 I me 我的 my mine你,你們 you you 你的,你們的 your yours他 he him 他的 his his她 she her 她的 her hers它 it it 它的 its its我們 we us 我們的 our ours他(她,它)彳門they them 他(她,它)們的 their theirs一.填寫代詞表I it weyou themhis y

52、ourhers二.用所給詞的適當形式填空1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is very big. ( I )2. The dress is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is this watch? (you) No, it' s not. ( I )4. is my brother. name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are. (he )5. dresses are red. (we) What colour are? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is? ( sh