一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)-一般過去時(shí)-一般將來時(shí)-過去將來時(shí)

1、文檔可能無法思考全面，請(qǐng)瀏覽后下載! 一、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的用法 1）經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語連用。時(shí)間狀語：often，usually，always，sometimes，every week（day，year，month），once a week，on Sundays，etc例如：I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 每天早上我七點(diǎn)離開家。2）客觀真理，客觀存在，科學(xué)事實(shí)。例如：The earth moves around the sun. 地球繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)。Shanghai lies in the east of China.

2、上海位于中國(guó)東部。3）表示格言或警句。例如：Pride goes before a fall. 驕者必?cái)　Ｗ⒁猓捍擞梅ㄈ绻霈F(xiàn)在賓語從句中，即使主句是過去時(shí)，從句謂語也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Columbus proved that the earth is round. 哥倫布證實(shí)了地球是圓的。4) 表示主語的特征、性格、能力、愛好等。例如： He can swim. I work hard. I like watching TV.二、 一般過去時(shí)的用法 1）在確定的過去時(shí)間里所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。時(shí)間狀語有：ago，yesterday，the day before yesterday，l

3、ast week（year，night，month），in 1989，just now，at the age of 5，one day，long long ago，once upon a time，etc例如：Where did you go just now? 剛才你上哪兒去了？2） 表示在過去一段時(shí)間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。5 / 6例如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.我是個(gè)孩子的時(shí)候，常在馬路上踢足球。Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they

4、were given awarm welcome. 那時(shí)，布朗一家無論什么時(shí)候去，都受到熱烈歡迎。基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be動(dòng)詞；行為動(dòng)詞否定形式： waswere not；在行為動(dòng)詞前加didn't，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。一般疑問句：was或were放在句首；用助動(dòng)詞do的過去式did提問，同時(shí)還原行為動(dòng)詞。三、一般將來時(shí) 時(shí)間狀語：tomorrow，next day（week，month，year），soon，in a few minutes，by，the day after tomorrow，etc1） shall用于第一人稱，常被will 所代替。will 在陳述句中用于各人稱，在征求意見時(shí)常

5、用于第二人稱。例如：Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先讀哪一段呢？Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七點(diǎn)回家好嗎？2） be going to +不定式，表示將來。a. 主語的意圖，即將做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？b. 計(jì)劃，安排要發(fā)生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。這出戲下月開播。c. 有跡象要發(fā)生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds

6、, there is going to be a storm. 看那烏云，快要下雨了。3） be + to do表將來，按計(jì)劃或正式安排將發(fā)生的事。例如：We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我們下星期六討論這份報(bào)告。4） be about to +不定式，意為馬上做某事。例如：He is about to leave for Beijing. 他馬上要去北京。注意：be about to do 不能與tomorrow, next week 等表示明確將來時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語連用。注意：be going to與will兩者都可表示將要發(fā)生的事、將要去做某

7、事，但它們有如下幾點(diǎn)區(qū)別：a. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情，will 表示的將來時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些，如：He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. b. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來肯定發(fā)生的事情，will表示客觀上將來勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. c. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃，準(zhǔn)備”的意思，而will 則沒有這個(gè)意思，如：Sh

8、e is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour. d.在有條件從句的主句中，一般不用be going to, 而多用will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you be to do和be going to be to do 表示客觀安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主觀的打算或計(jì)劃。例如：I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客觀安排）I

9、'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon.明天下午我想去踢球。（主觀安排）5) 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來 a.下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)可以表示將來，主要用來表示在時(shí)間上已確定或安排好的事情。例如：The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火車明天上午六點(diǎn)開。When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽車什么時(shí)候開？十分鐘后。b. 在時(shí)間或條件句中。例如：When B

10、ill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比爾來后，讓他等我。I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就寫信給你。c. 在動(dòng)詞hope, take care that, make sure that等的賓語從句中。例如：I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他們下星期玩得開心。Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 離開房間前，務(wù)必把

11、窗戶關(guān)了。6) 用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來 下列動(dòng)詞come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來。例如：I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。4、 過去將來時(shí)過去將來時(shí)的動(dòng)詞表示對(duì)過去某一時(shí)間來說將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或呈現(xiàn)的狀態(tài)。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)常用在賓語從句中。1） would + 動(dòng)詞原形例如：It was seven oclock. The sun would soon set. 這時(shí)是七點(diǎn)鐘，太陽(yáng)即將落山。2) was/were going + to do 過去將來時(shí)的這種表達(dá)形式可以表示過去曾經(jīng)打算或計(jì)劃準(zhǔn)

12、備要做的事。例如： They told me that they were going to have a picnic. 他們告訴我他們將要舉行一次野餐。We were going to have a meeting. 我們?cè)?jīng)打算開個(gè)會(huì)。過去將來時(shí)的這種形式可以表示過去將要發(fā)生或很有可能發(fā)生的事，但未實(shí)現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作。I was just going to ring him up when she came.我剛要給他打電話，她就來了。 ( 電話沒打成 )3) was/were about + to do 表示在過去看來正要做某事。例如：I was just about to ring you

13、up when mama called me.They were about to leave when the telephone rang. 他們正要走，電話鈴響了。I was just about to go to bed when she came to see me. 我正要睡覺，她來看我了。4)was/were + to do 表示定于過去某時(shí)將要做某事。例如：He was to meet her at 10 on the street. 他約定和她10點(diǎn)鐘在街上見面。注意：若表示過去沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)(或被取消)的計(jì)劃，則用was (were) to+動(dòng)詞完成時(shí)。例如：They were to h