英美文化基礎教程筆記總結美國部分

1、1.AtlantictoPacific1 .thediversityofthephysicalconditionsintheUnitedStatesinitsvastarea,theUnitedstatedcomprehendsmostofthephysicalconditionsknowtomen:heatandcold,forestanddesert,tropicalswampandArcticwaste,mountainsandendlessplains,emptyspacesandmegalopolis,andtheworldslargestriversystem.2.thediver

2、sityofthepeopleintheUnitedStatesDiversityofthepeoplethemselvesisimmense:peoplecomefromthedifferentcountry,andtheiroriginsandethnicbackgroundsaredifferent.DifferencesbetweenthefirstgenerationofimmigrantsandthelongestablishedAmericans,aswellasthedifferencesbetweendifferentgenerationimmigrants.Andevent

3、heydifferaccordingtothedegreeofintermarriage.3 .HowhastheRepublicoftheUnitedStatesgrownintermsofareasincethetimeofitsfoundationinthe1780s?TheoriginalUnionconsistedof13states1792Kentucky1796Tennesseewereadd1830Ohiowasadded1912Arizonawasaddedthelastone4 .Whataresomeifthecharacteristicsoftheuniformityi

4、nAmericanculture?Whatcontributedtotheuniformity?a.Thelackofculturaldifferenceamongtheregions,becauseallthesevariedpeoplesarescatteredeverywhere,withonlyminorlocalethnicconcentrationsb.Thelackofrealregionalorclassvarietyinspeechorusageisoneofthecharacteristicsofuniformity.TheEnglishLanguageisvirtuall

5、yuniversalinitsAmericanform.Regionalvariationsofaccentareslight.c.Anotherinstanceofuniformityisinhabitsandwaysofliving.Theysharethesameideas,idealsandobjectives.d.ThefactthattheUnitedStateshasalwaysbeenasingleunit,withnotariffstorestricttrade,hascontributedtouniformity.5.NewEnglanda.NewEnglandrefers

6、tothenorth-easternsixstates:Maine,NewHampshire,Vermont,Connecticut,MassachusettsandRhodeIsland,anarearunningfromCanadianshoreoNewYorkb.ThisarearesemblesoldEnglandinmanyways,andthesouthernsectionisthemostEnglish.c.SomeoftheearliestsettlementinAmericanhistorywasinthisarea.Thispartofthecountyissmall-sc

7、ale,long-establishedandurban.6.NewYorkcitya.ItisthecommercialcapitaloftheUnitedStatesb.ItisatthesouthernmosttipoftheNewYorkStatec.Itiscomposedoffiveboroughs:Manhattan,Brooklyn,theBronx,RichmondandQueens,withManhattanIslandasitscenter.d.Itiswell-knownforsuchplacesasWallStreet,theEmpireStateBuilding,H

8、arlemandCentralPark7.theMid-AtlanticareagenerallylocatedbetweenNewEnglandandtheSouthAtlanticStates.TheregionoftenincludesDelaware,Maryland,NewJersey,Pennsylvania,WashingtonD.C.,NewYork,Virginia,andWestVirginia.NorthCarolinaissometimesalsoincluded.8.theSoutha.itreferstotheareaacrossthePotomacRiverand

9、southwardsdowntheAtlanticcoastb.thiswasslave-owningareabeforetheCivilWarandmainlyproducedtobaccoandcottonc.Economicallythesestatesarenotoriouslybackward,butmorerecentlytherehasbeenanindustrialdevelopment,helpedbyfederalplansandhydro-electricpower9.themiddleWesta.itdescribedthenorth-easternpartofthec

10、entralplain,orthenorth-easternquarteroftheUnitedStatesexceptforthestatesclosetotheAermsofpoliticalgeography,itreferstothesestates:Illinois,Michigan,Indiana,WisconsinandOhioandsoonc.firstdevelopedforfarming,thesestatesincludehuge,sparsely-populatedopenspacesd.ChicagoandDetroitaretwooftheb

11、igindustrialcitiesinthisarea.10.theGreatPlainstatesa.characteristics:empty,featureless,monotonousandvastb.Location:runfromtheGulfofMexicointhesouthuptotheCanadianborderandthebeyond.c.Containing:NorthDakota,SouthDakota,NebraskaandKansas*Detroit,Michigan,homeofthegreatAmericangoal,Ford,GeneralMotorsan

12、dChrysler11 .thestateofTexasa.thethirdmostpopulatedstateintheUnitedStatesb.well-knownforitscowboysandcattlec.famousforthemillionaires,thebrashnessandtheviolence12.theMississippiRivera.thebiggestriversystemintheUSb.itflowsdowntotheNewOrleansandtheGulfofMexicoc.OhioandMissouriRiversarebranchesoftheMis

13、sissippi.13.theWesternstatesReferstothestatesofArizona,NewMexicoandNevada*ThemostsignificantrepresentationofthemodernAmericanisthePacificcoastespeciallythesouthernpart.14.thecharacteristicofCaliforniaitisatthesouthernpartofthePacificcoast;ithasthebiggestpopulationintheUS;ithastheworld-famousHollywood15.thesearchforCaliforniadreama.Californiaisblessedwithattractivesceneryandmildclimateb.Ithasthefertilelandforthegrowingoforangesandgrapesc.Andmoreimportantstillaretheelectronicsindustry,aeroplanefactories,defenceplantsofmanykind,andawholenewindustrialc