小學(xué)英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法----句子的種類

1、百度文庫(kù)1句子的種類、按使用目的可分為陳述句、疑問(wèn)句、祈使句和感嘆句類別例句用法陳述句冃定This is a bag.I like spri ng.描述一件事情或者說(shuō)明 說(shuō)話人的看法陳述句否疋I cansee a bag over there. I dont know.描述一件事情或者說(shuō)明 說(shuō)話人的看法疑問(wèn)句般Are you a stude nt? Does she get up early? Do you like swimmi ng?Can you speak En glish?用于提出問(wèn)題特 殊when什么時(shí)間；who誰(shuí)；whose誰(shuí)的；where在哪里；which哪一個(gè)；why為什么；

2、what什么；what time什么時(shí)間；what colour什么顏色；what about .怎么樣；what day星期幾；what date什么日期；what for為何目的；how怎樣；how old多大歲數(shù)；how many數(shù)量多少；how much多少錢；how about怎么樣；how far多遠(yuǎn)選擇Is your friend a boy or a girl?反意Ita fine day, isntit?祁使句冃定Put it here.表示命令、建議或請(qǐng)求否疋Dont look at the no ticeboard.感嘆句How smart the scarf is! W

3、hat a smart scarf!How hard he studies!表示驚訝、喜悅、贊美、 厭惡或憤怒等強(qiáng)烈感情注意：疑問(wèn)句的回答一般疑問(wèn)句用來(lái)詢問(wèn)一件事或情況是否屬實(shí)。用yes或no來(lái)回答。特殊疑問(wèn)句特殊疑問(wèn)句由特殊疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成，不能用yes來(lái)no回答。一般用完整的回答或是直接回答疑問(wèn)詞的提問(wèn)。Where are you from? I am from Beijing.或Beijing.選擇疑問(wèn)句提供兩種或兩種以上的選項(xiàng)供對(duì)方選擇，前面的選項(xiàng)之間用逗號(hào)分隔開(kāi)來(lái)，后兩項(xiàng)之間用or連接,回答時(shí)選擇一種。Would you like a pear, an apple or a b

4、anana ? Id like a b anana。反意疑問(wèn)句由陳述句加一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句構(gòu)成，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句對(duì)陳述句提出相反的疑問(wèn)。如果陳述句部分是肯定，后面 問(wèn)句就用否定形式；陳述句部分是否定，簡(jiǎn)短問(wèn)句則用肯定形式。He likes music, doesnt he?Yes,he does.是的，他喜歡。No,he doesnt.不，他不喜歡。He doesnt like music, does he ?百度文庫(kù)2Yes,he does.不，他喜歡。No,he doesnt.是的，他喜歡。即回答應(yīng)該按實(shí)際情況來(lái)回答，實(shí)際情況是肯定的，就用yes。否定的就用no.小學(xué)英語(yǔ)一般疑問(wèn)句，否定句以及對(duì)劃線部分

5、提問(wèn)的解題指導(dǎo)改為一般疑問(wèn)句：先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would， 放在最前面 ，如沒(méi)有則判斷是否為過(guò)去式，是則動(dòng)詞改為原形，句前加Did，其余照抄；不是則判斷是否為第三人稱單數(shù)，是則動(dòng)詞改為原形，句前加Does,其余照抄以上都不是，則句前加Do,其余照抄。改為否定句：方法和上面一樣，先找am, is, are, was, were或can, would， 再后力口not，其余照抄如沒(méi)有則判斷是否為過(guò)去式，是則動(dòng)詞改為原形，人后加didnt，其余照抄；不是則判斷是否為第三人稱單數(shù)，是則動(dòng)詞改為原形，人后加does nt,其余照抄以上都不是，則人后加do nt

6、，其余照抄對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：用適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞代替劃線部分，將剩余部分改為一般疑問(wèn)句(注：如劃線部分為主語(yǔ)，則用who代替，其余照抄；如劃線部分為動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，則用do代替,句前加what，再改為一般疑問(wèn)句)例如：He is running now.He isnt ru nning now. -Is he running now?-Yes, he is. / No, he isnt.They are making a puppet.-They arent making a puppet. -Are they making a puppet?-Yes, they are. / No, they ar

7、ent.I often watch TV in the evening.- Idont often watch TV in the evening.-Do you often watch TV in the evening?Yes, I do. No, I dont.He plays football after school. - Hedoesnt play football after school.Does he play football after school?-Yes, he does. No,he doesnt.We began class at 8 oclock yester

8、day.- Wedidnt begin class at 8 oclock yesterday.Did you begin class at 8 oclock yesterday? -Yes,we do. No, we dont.練一練：1、填入適當(dāng)?shù)囊蓡?wèn)詞。1)_wallet is it? Its mine. 2)_is the Christmas Day? Its on t he 25th of December.百度文庫(kù)33)_ is the diary? Its under the chair.4)_ is the boy in blue? Hes Mike.百度文庫(kù)43) Liu T

9、ao is playing football in the playgro und.nd?6) Thats Nancys skirtare the earph on es? They are 25 yua n.y.7)_ is this red one ? Its beautiful.etres away.5).9)_ck.11)is it tois your cousin? Hes 15years old.6)_ is it to day? Its Sunda8)_is it from here? Its about 2 kilom10)do you have dinner?one is f

10、atter, the blue one or the red one? The blue one.2、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)。1) I can see eight rubbers in the box.2) My father is fine today.y?4) My birthday is on the 9th of September.5) Id like a nice cake for breakfast. t?3、按要求改寫句子。1） Its a book.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）2) My father is in the office.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）cansee in the box?Li

11、u TaoAt 6 ocloyour father todain the playgrouyour birthday?like for breakfasis that?3) Do you watch TV every Sun day?（做肯定回答）4) This picture is beautiful.（改為以what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句）What5) Open the door for him.（改為否定句）picture!6) I have a big present.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）7) There are some orange trees.（改為單數(shù)句子）8) we are going

12、to see a Beijing opera.（對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)）9) He has some questi ons.?（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）百度文庫(kù)510） They visited their relatives and friends last Spring Festival.（改為一般疑問(wèn)句）_ they _their relatives and friendslast Spring Festival?二、基本句型：1.主+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（S+V）如：I work. You study. They swim.2.主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ) （s +linkv +p）We are in the classr

13、oom. They look like twins.The food tastes delicious. Leaves turn gree n.3.主語(yǔ)+謂動(dòng)+賓語(yǔ)（S+V+O She studies English. They play football.4.主語(yǔ)+謂動(dòng)+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)（S+V+O+C We should keep our class clean.5.主語(yǔ)+謂動(dòng)+間接賓語(yǔ)（人）+直接賓語(yǔ)（物）（S+V+IO+DOMy mother made mea new dress. The teacher gaveus some books.三、按結(jié)構(gòu)分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。1.簡(jiǎn)單句：

14、只包括一個(gè)主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)的句子。例如：He likes swimming.We are students.2并列句：包含兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的句子，句與句之間用并列連詞或分號(hào)來(lái)連接。如：The food was good, buthe had little appetite.（you must）Hurry up, oryou will be late for school.3.復(fù)合句：包含一個(gè)主句和一個(gè)或幾個(gè)從句的句子，從句有從屬連詞（when, while, before, after,as soon as , if, because, so, though, etc.）弓丨導(dǎo).女口：T

15、he film had begu n When we got to the cin ema.He didnt go to school because he was ill yesterday.練一練：連詞成句4. is,the,what,weather,today,like5. you,me,please, could,help6.are,what,they,colour7. many,minutes,hour,there,how,are,in,an8.him,give,please,water,a,of,bottle9. to,I,put,the,ball,in,the,box,want

16、there/here be 結(jié)構(gòu)1、there be結(jié)構(gòu)表示 某時(shí)、某地存在著什么事物或人”，包括there is、there are there was there were。如:There is a school n ear my home.There are many books in my school-bag.There was a river here.here be結(jié)構(gòu)與它類似，用法也完全相同，只不過(guò)是表示這里存在著什么事物或人 ”。2、與have、has、had的區(qū)別：(1)There be句型表示：在某地有某物(或人)There be +名詞+某地；百度文庫(kù)6而have、ha

17、s、had表示：某人擁有某物某人+have/has/had +某物。I have five books.百度文庫(kù)7（2）在there be句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用is;主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用are;如有幾件物品，be動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定- 就近原則”。There is a desk and many chairs.There aresome childre n, a policema n and an old man.八（3）there be句型的否定句在be動(dòng)詞后加not ,一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。女口：There isna shop near my home. A

18、re there some flowers in your bedroom.（4）針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many +名詞復(fù)數(shù)+ are there +介詞短語(yǔ)？Howmuch +不可數(shù)名詞+ is there +介詞短語(yǔ)？（5） 針對(duì)主語(yǔ)提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：What s +here+介詞短語(yǔ)？（6）There be結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭，而have等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。練一練：1用恰當(dāng)?shù)腷e動(dòng)詞填空。1) There3)-4) -How many stops5) There2、選用four seas ons in a year.2) There not

19、any trees two years ago.there a post office n ear your school? -Yes, there .there? -There only one.I) I3) He5) They7)9)II)not any stamps on the en velope.6) there any birds in the tree?“ have, has, had, there is, there are, there was, there wer填 空?！盿 good father and a good mother. 2)a telescope on t

20、he desk.a tape-recorder.4)a basketball in the playgro und.a nice garde n.6) My father a story-book last year.a readi ng-room in the buildi ng?8) What does Mike ?any books in the bookcase? 10) How many stude nts in the classroom? a story-book on the table amome nt ago.12) What do you?some, any的用法some用于肯定句；any用于否定句和一般疑問(wèn)句。請(qǐng)注意看例句后擴(kuò)號(hào)說(shuō)明