定語(yǔ)從句小結(jié)

1、定語(yǔ)從句小結(jié)11關(guān)系代詞的選擇,主要是指who and that;that and which;as and which這三對(duì)關(guān)系代詞的選擇.a.who可以代表人、人格化了的動(dòng)物、神話故事中的人物或有生命的事物,例如：The dog who is barkig to our pet.2在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí),傾向于用who,如 Do you know the comrade who spoke just now?3領(lǐng)先行詞泛指代詞 he ,they或指示代詞those等時(shí),常用 who eg:He who does no gets no pay.We are badly in n eed of th

2、ose who can work in real earn est.4領(lǐng)先行詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞時(shí),多用who eg:I have found a man who can do this work.5在there be句型中,既作主語(yǔ)又表示人時(shí)多用who,或省略.eg:There's a man who live in that village.6不定代詞one,ones,anyone等作先行詞時(shí),多用who.eg:One who works without compla in is weccome here.7定語(yǔ)從句和先行詞被隔開,用that可能引起歧義時(shí),應(yīng)用who; eg:I sa

3、w a man in the street who was srroun ded by many people.8在非限制定性定語(yǔ)從句中,一般用 who,不用that. eg:The soliders, who may have felt sorry for the boy, had him sta nd with his back to his father.9如果兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句出現(xiàn)在一個(gè)句子中,且第一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞是that的話,第二個(gè)就用 who. eg:The man that I like is the one who is both compete nt and dilige nt.但在

4、平行結(jié)構(gòu)中,應(yīng)根據(jù)平行結(jié)構(gòu)的原那么重復(fù)同一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞.eg:I met a Greek who travelled a lot in the world,but who knew very little about his own country.注意：關(guān)系代詞前如有介詞或非限制定性定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),關(guān)系代詞前要用whom. eg:In the dark street,there was n't a sin gle pers on to whom she could tur n for help.The brave man, whom the tiger was shot by, is

5、 a good hun ter.10關(guān)系代詞that的使用場(chǎng)合一般來(lái)說,先行詞是all,a ny,a nythi ng,everythi ng, noth in g,much,little,few等,關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用 that.eg:Everythi ng that can be done is done.先行詞之前有all,any,every,no, little,much,only,very等修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that.eg： He'll read all the books that are sold here.that.(3) 先行詞前有序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用e

6、g:This is the most won derful film that I have ever see n.The first thing that you should do is to work out a pla n.(4) .領(lǐng)先行詞是to be的表語(yǔ),或關(guān)系代詞本身是從句的表語(yǔ)是時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that.eg:It's a song that is very popular.My hometow n is no Ion ger the place that it used to be.(5) 當(dāng)主句以There be開頭時(shí),關(guān)系代詞應(yīng)用that.eg:There is

7、 a seat i n the coner that is still free.(6) 當(dāng)一個(gè)句子含有兩個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),如前一個(gè)已用關(guān)系代詞which,后一個(gè)關(guān)系代詞宜用that.eg:I'll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles aga inst the in vaders.但兩 個(gè)定語(yǔ)人句的結(jié)構(gòu)如果平行,且一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句中用了關(guān)系代詞that,那么另一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句也應(yīng)重復(fù)that.eg： He told me to read a book that is ver

8、y short, and that is very interesting.與the same (指同一物)連用,構(gòu)成 the same tha結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí),關(guān)系代詞只能用that.eg： This is the same museum that you once visited.注意：the same.that.結(jié)構(gòu)中的that不能用代替.由于 the same.as.與the same.that.的含義不同.as指類似的事物,而that指與先行詞相同的事物.由關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系代詞whose為關(guān)系代詞who的所有格形式,用作名詞的限定語(yǔ),whose引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句既可為限制性的,

9、也可為非限制性的.先行詞既可為人,也可為物,whose和它所修飾的名詞在定語(yǔ)從句中可作主一語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ).eg:This is the scie ntist whose n ame is known all over the world.I went to see my friends the Smith, whose childre I used to look after when they were small.eg:He told the stories and writersin terested him.a.that b.whichc.whatd.whoaWho is the

10、 womantalked with you just now?a.whose b.whomc.thatd.whichcrd like to buy the same coatyou wear now.a.asb.whichc.thatd.whatDo you know the boyfather died in the fire?a.who b.whichc.whosed.whomcThe Iraqi Nati onal Museum is the only museum in the worldshows all the steps in the history ofmankind.a. t

11、hat b.whichc.alld.whata由關(guān)系副詞when,where,why引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句.1) .關(guān)系副詞when在從句中作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ).eg:Do you remember the after noon whe n(=on which) we first met three years ago?2) 關(guān)系副詞where在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).eg:This is the place where (=at/i n which) we first met.3) 關(guān)系副詞why在從句中作原因狀語(yǔ)(先行詞只有reason 一詞).eg:I did n't get a pay rise,bu

12、t this was n't the reas on why (=for which) I left.4) how不能用作關(guān)系副詞,也不能引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句.eg:This is the way (in which/that)he did it.This is how he did it.介詞+which引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),其中介詞的選擇要根據(jù)先行詞與介詞的搭配而定.除了when,where可以用介詞+關(guān)系詞這種用法外,還有其他情況也可以用這種結(jié)構(gòu),即：介詞+which或介詞+whom.eg:This is the classmate with whom I'll go to the c

13、inema.The subject in which rm most in terested is En glish.way后面的定語(yǔ)從句,引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句有三種情況：a.在比擬正式的文體中用in which; B.一般情況下用 that;C.in which和that都省去.We'll n ever forget the dayswe spe nt in the coun tryside.a.whe n b.thatc.i n whichd.i n thatbThe film brought the hours back to meI was take n good care of in

14、 that far-away willage.a.un til b.that c.whe nd.i n whichcThat is the reas onshe can't say.a.that b.whyc.what d.for whichaI made ano ther trip to Macao,is of great importa nee to China.a.which I think b.that I thinkc.where I thinkd.i think itaMr Gree n went back toplacehis wife had lost n ecklace.d.as the same;asa.the same;as b. the same;that c.the same; whereThere are sixty people present,about a half are foreig ners.a.i n wh