專業(yè)英語-專業(yè)八級分類模擬10

1、專業(yè)八級分類模擬ioreading comprehensionpassage 1for nearly two years, marisela escobedo ortiz led a one-woman campaign to bring the murderer of her 16-year-old daughter to justice. ms. escobedo was outraged after a three-judge panel ignored overwhelming evidence pointing to her daughter' s then boyfrien

2、d, a member of a criminal gangs sergio barraza, as the killer. the judges 1 decision was eventually overturnedbut not before barraza was released and escob巳do herself murdered this past december, while protesting in front of the chihuahua state governor's office.escobedo * s death was recorded b

3、y a security camera and broadcast throughout the country, outraging the mexican public and leading to the suspension of the three judges involved in the original trial her case is not only representative of the impunity with which activists are silenced in mexico, but also highlights the marked incr

4、ease in violence toward women as the country has been drawn deeper into its battle with organised crime.since president calderon began to take on mexico1s crime in 2006, the country1 s drug war has taken a total of 34,612 lives, nearly half of which were claimed solely in 2010. unbeknown to many, th

5、e deaths resulting from organized crime have also coincided with the murder of over 4,000 women since 2006 from causes unrelated to the nation1s drug war while violence toward women is not new to mexico, the estimated number of female deaths suggests a callous disregard by mexico's government of

6、 this growing phenomenon.the authorities 1 negligence is especially evident in escob巳dos native state of chihuahua, home to the notorious ciudad juarez, where according to human rights organizations, femicides rose by 130% between 2009 and 2010, resulting in a total of 446 murdered women only last y

7、ear. this worsening epidemic has led local authorities throughout the country to downplay the mounting violence by misclassifying murders, attributing deaths to drug violence, or simply under-report the figures.this national campaign of misinformation seems to be primarily motivated by electoral pol

8、itics, as was recently demonstrated by mexico state governorand leading presidential candidate for the institutional revolutionary party (pri)enrique pefia nieto earlier this month, authorities in mexico state clashed with ngos seeking to declare a hgender emergency" in the locality after feder

9、al prosecutors announced that over 900 women had been murdered in the state during the past five years this figure would make mexico state one of the most violent in the nation, and likely damage the closely guarded image of governor pefia nieto the government of pefia nieto succeeded in lobbying na

10、tional authorities to avoid applying the ngender emergency1' designation to his state, prompting the condemnation of domestic and international ngoswhile mexico9s authorities might continue to successfully obscure the extent of the country1s increasing violence toward women, the rising death tol

11、l and public outrage make this task increasingly, difficult ms escobedo 1 s death, along with that of activist susana chavez earlier this month, have already sparked protests throughout mexico and at mexican embassies around the world, as well as bringing mounting international criticism.as mexico e

12、nters its fifth year of conflict and escalating militarisation, the country1s ability to ensure basic protections for its citizensand, in particular, for those most at riskhas never been less certain. if mexico 9s political class is intent on improving its reputation for governance, it should focus

13、less on muddling with the figures and more on resolving the nation1 s problems1、 what happened to the three judges?a. they were detained by the judicial department.b. they were prevented from their positions.c. they were threatened by the criminal gangs d. they justly judged ms. escobedo 1s daughter

14、 1s case2 which of the following statements is incorrect about the mounting femicides?a. violence toward women is a common phenomenon occurring in mexico.b. mexico 1 s government kept an indifferent attitude to the violence toward womenc mexico 1 s government has exerted itself to tackle crimes agai

15、nst females .d. the statistics about women victim cases is usually distorted by the government.3 which of the following statements contains a metaphor?a. female deaths suggest a callous disregard by mexico!s government.b. it should focus less on muddling with the figures.c this epidemic has led auth

16、orities of the country to downplay the mounting violenced. ms escobedo!s death has already sparked protests throughout mexico.4、the authorities 1 misdeclaration about violence against women was due to all the following excepta. international criticismb. maintenance ofgovernor1s reputation.c. politic

17、al system.d. establishment ofstate image5、the sentence in the last paragraph hit should focus less on muddling with the figures.h suggestsa. it is wrong and unacceptable to distort the statistics of femicides.b. there are more and more women involved in the drug violence in mexico. c the government

18、should pay less attention to the figure of female victims d. it is no good trying to conceal the serious state of violence against womenpassage 2one school night this month i sidled up to alexander, my 15-year-old son, and stroked his cheek in a manner i hoped would seem casual alex knew better z se

19、nsing by my touch, which lingered just a moment too long, that i was sneaking a touch of the stubble that had begun to sprout near his ears. a year ago he would have ignored this intrusion and returned my gesture with a squeeze. but now he recoiled, retreating stormily to his computer screen. that,

20、and a peevish roll of his eyes, told me more forcefully than words, morn, you are so busted! i had committed the ultimate folly： invading my teenager1s personal space. hthe average teenager has pretty strong feelings about his privacy. h lara fox, a recent young acquaintance, told me with an assuran

21、ce that brooked no debate. her friend hilary frankel chimed in： hwhat alex is saying is : 1 this is my body changing. it1 s not yours 1 h intruding, however discreetly, risked making him feel babied hat a time when feeling like an adult is very important to him,n she added.0. k. , score one for the

22、two of you. these young women, after all, are experts . ms. frankel and ms. fox, both 17, are the authors of breaking the code (new american library), a new book that seeks to bridge the generational divide between parents and adolescents. it is being promoted by its publisher as the first self-help

23、 guide by teenagers for their parents, a kind of kids are from mars, parents are from venus that demystifies the language and actions of teenagers. the girls tackled issues including curfews, money, school pressures, smoking and sibling rivalry.personally, i welcomed insights into teenagers from any

24、 qualified experts, and that included the authors. the most common missteps in interacting with teenagers, they instructed me, stem from the turf war between parents asserting their right to know what goes on under their roof and teenagers zealously guarding their privacy. when a child is younger, t

25、hey write, every decision revolves around the parents. but now, as ms. fox told me, hoften your teenager is in this bubble that doesn1t include you.nms. fox and ms. frankel acknowledge that they and their peers can be quick to interpret their parents f remarks as dismissive or condescending and resp

26、ond with a hostility that masks their vulnerability. nwhat we want above all is your approval, n they write. ndon11 forget, no matter how much we act as if we don11 care what you say, we believe the things you say about us.hnancy samalin, a new york child-rearing expert and the author of loving with

27、out spoiling (mcgraw-hill, 2003), said she didn1t agree with everything the authors suggested but found their arguments reasonable hwhen your kids are saying, 1 you don11 get it, and you never will, f there are lots of ways to respond so that they will listen, " she said, n and that1 s what the

28、 writers point out."as for my teenager, alex, ms. fox and ms. frankel told me i would have done better to back off or to have asked 11 is your skin feeling rougher these days?"a more successful approach, the authors suggest in their book, would have been for the mother to offer, as ms. fox

29、' s own parents did, a later curfew once a month, along with an explanation of her concerns nmy parents helped me see, h ms. fox told me, hthat even though they used to stay out late and ride their bicycles to school, times have changed these days there is a major fear factor in bringing up kids

30、. parents worry about their child crossing the street”the writers said they hoped simply to shed light on teenage thinking. for their parents it did reminded by ms fox that teenagers can be quite territorial, her father, steven fox, a dentist, said, nthese days 11 m better about knocking on the door

31、 when i want to come into lara * s room. " " i try to talk to her in a more respectful way more as an adultish tone of teenager rather than a childish type of teenager," he added6、thirda.b.cd.7、 theira.bc.d8、the book kids are from mars, parents are from venus is mentioned in the parag

32、raph becausehas the same theme of the book written by the two girls.has the opposite opinion to the book written by the two girls has ranked first on the list of best sellers for several times. is another bookof the followingit it it itthat the two girls have ever written. is not true about thewhich

33、parents?they yearn for thethey want a private space without beingrespect and approvalteenagers1 attitude towardsfrom their parents. invaded by their parents.they usually have a conversation with their parents in unequal positions .they resist parents 1 remarks due to their disbelief of parents ! jud

34、gments .the sentence in the sixth paragraph nyou don 11 get it, and you never will implies thata.bc.d.the teenagers think that their parents will never understand them, the parents do not necessarily force into the world of their children. the generation gap can not be shortened despite their parent

35、s 1 efforts. it1 s teenagers 1 excuse to disguise their vulnerability of being under9、 asa.bcdprovide some approaches to her child-rearing. revealed thought patterns of teenagers and parents. have obtained unanimous support from the public. have overestimated the rights of teenagers.10 which of the

36、following words best describes teenagers as seen by the two gins?a. independent.isolated.b arrogantc sensitived.custody.to the views mentioned in the two gins 1 book, the author believes that they they they theypassage 3whom can you trust these days? it is a question posed by david halpern of cambri

37、dge university, and the researchers at the downing street strategy unit who take an interest in "social capitaln . at intervals they go around asking people in assorted nations the question: *'generally speaking, would you say that most people can be trusted?”the results are fascinating the

38、 conclusion that leaps from the figures and into sensational headlines is that social dislocation, religious decline, pubic scandals, family fragmentation and the fear of crime have made us less trusting. comparative surveys over 40 years suggest that british trustfulness has halved： in the 1950s 60

39、 percent of us answered "yes, most people can be trusted11, in the 1980s 44 percent, today only 29 percent. trust levels also continue to fall in ireland and the usmeanwhile, the norwegians, swedes, danes and dutch express tremendous confidence in one another f s probity： levels are actually ri

40、sing. and the palme d1orr for paranoid mutual suspicion goes to the brazilianswith less than 3 percent replying nyeshand the turks with 6 5 percent the french, apparently, never trusted one another and still don 11 so we become less scandinavian and more french (or turkish) every year.regarding brit

41、ain, the obvious conclusions are being drawn. mr. halpern and others cite reasons why we appear less trustful: the demise of the job-for-culture life, rising divorce, physical mobility, higher immigration, an aggressive commercial ethic and the new isolation of mass media.this is useful research, bu

42、t there are a few caveats. the trouble is that you may not get a very thoughtful answer if you merely askas they did last ye a rwhe t he r hgenerally speaking, most people can be trusted* for the british like to think of themselves as canny, savvy, nobody1 s fools, we have a powerful culture of sati

43、re and a hypercritical media which gleefully splash news of every private and public betrayal, however trivial in our fantasy life we court paranoia, lapping up crime thrillers and spy novels. we are fascinated by rogues, from chaucer 1 s pardoner to del boy. we are bad at risk-assessment, and repea

44、ted surveys show that we fear crime far more than is justified.so we are conditioned to claim that we don' t trust people much a scandinavian or dutchman is proud to express trust and affection for his fellow-man. our national preference is to purse the lips, shake the head and affect an air of

45、judicious canninessbut if you look at the actual daily workings of british society there is an astonishing degree of unquestioning trust of strategies, simply because we are a technological society these respondents who tell the researchers that hgenerally speaking, people cannot be trusted11 are in

46、 fact blithely trusting distant strangers all day long. for example, every time you get on a train or plane you put your life into the hands of unseen engineers and designers, drivers, pilots and traffic controllers. the list of our trustful ways goes on and on twenty minutes9 contemplation of the s

47、imple scams un covered by the bbc watchdog should suggest that rather than living in a state of constant suspicion, in many areas of life we are relaxed to the point of gullibilitybut ask the bald question, and we think immediately about those who publicly let us down： politicians who broke election

48、 promises, pension funds that jeopardized our future while their directors swanned off with bonuses, stars who turned sleazy. this is not entirely healthy. what we say will, in the end, become what we think. us evidence is denser than ours, but broadly speaking it is clear that trust is linked to ns

49、ocial capitalnnetworks, alliances, local societies, anything that takes people out into common places.mr halpern' s book will come to more informed conclusions than i can； but my own instinct, from the research and from observation, is to draw only two firstly, we1 re not quite as cynical as we

50、say we are, and nothing like as cynical as our media secondly, the worst crisis of trust is not actually between citizens, but between citizens and their government and institutions . the remedy for that is in the hands of politicians, who ought to police their own ambition and greed and that of the

51、ir corporate friends . interference from the top is a lousy idea. example from the top would be much better.11> the british have lowered trustfulness not because ofa. strained relations in the familyb. the increasingsocial crimesc infamous deeds of celebrities d the society in a stateof disorder1

52、2> the author1s attitude towards halpern * s research is that ofa. blanket approval.b. slight antipathy.c. strong disapprovald . slight disapproval13> the following statements about scandinavians or britons are true excepta. scandinavians are generally frank and open.b. britons are very fond o

53、f satirical art.c. scandinavians pretend to be shrewd.d. britons might underestimate the hazard.14、 according to the author, the british tend to be in many areas oflife a. reservedb. suspiciousc. credulousd. frustrated15> what can we infer from the last paragraph?a. government needn1t assume some

54、 responsibilityb. government should set a good example for peoplec. british people should try to trust governmentd. british people can11 trust each other in factpassage 4that is a lesson scott spector, 15, learned the hard way, when his phone started blasting his namerican idol theme11 ring tone as

55、he was pretending to talk into it in the hall at school last month.111 felt like such a dork, h said scott, of buffalo grove a culture of image, admit to off their of peopledr katz of rutgers said the practice first drew his attention when students in focus groups he had organized to study a wide ra

56、nge of cellphone use began mentioning it z unprompted.the habit, dr katz said, is the latest technological twist in that has long embraced various forms of dissembling in the name from designer knockoff handbags to plastic surgery. some fakers programming their phones to call them at a certain time

57、to show ring tones； others wrap up make-believe hollywood deals in front they want to impress.and phantom callers are often simply trying to cope with social anxiety by showing that they have someone to call, even if they don't. one of dr. katz 1 s students said she pretended to use her cellphon

58、e when she was out with a group of other college-age women who were all on theirs. another did it to escape from a fancy boutique where the prices were beyond her means without speaking to a salesperson.in that sense fake callers may not be so different from a lot of real callers, who are always par

59、tly performing for others even as they appear to withdraw into their own private space in publie.hthe cellphone allows people to show strangers that they belong, that they are part of a community somewhere,n said christine rosen, who studies the social impact of technology at the ethics and public policy center in wa