初中英語(yǔ)的不定式和動(dòng)名詞(整理版)

1、.初中不定式和動(dòng)名詞一、動(dòng)詞不定式：構(gòu)成：to + 動(dòng)詞原形1. 下列動(dòng)詞只能接不定式作：want 想要 ,agree 同意 , choose 選擇 , decide 決定 ,expect 期望 ,hope 希望 ,earn 學(xué)會(huì) ,need 必要 ,offer 提供 ,prefer 寧愿 ,+to dopromise 保證 , plan 計(jì)劃refuse 拒絕 ,wish 希望 ,would like 想要2. 下列動(dòng)詞只能接動(dòng)名詞（即動(dòng)詞 +ing ）Enjoy; mind; practice; finish ； suggest ;deny;admit ; keep; spend; fee

2、l like+ doing sth.enjoy doing sth., 喜歡做某事mind doing sth.介意做某事 ,practice doing sth.練習(xí)做某事finish doing sth.做完某事feel like doing sth.想要做某事keep doing sth. 堅(jiān)持做某事have fun doing sth.盡情做某事suggest doing sth.建議做某事deny doing sth. 否認(rèn)做某事admit doing sth. 承認(rèn)做某事be/get used to doing sth. 習(xí)慣做某事look forward to doing sth

3、. 盼望做某事spend (in) doing sth. 花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事canthelp doing sth. 情不自禁做某事be busy doing sth忙于做某事be worth doing sth 值得做某事prefer doing sth. to doing sth 與相比更喜歡做某事 pay attention to doing sth.注意做某事3有些動(dòng)詞后面既可接不定式，也可接動(dòng)名詞，意思相同。如： begin/start to do sth.= begin/start doing sth 開始做某事 , like/love to do sth= like / love do

4、ing sth. 喜歡做某事 ; hate to do sth. =hate doing sth.憎恨做某事4. 有些動(dòng)詞后接不定式或名詞時(shí)，意思不同。如：1） remember doing sth. 記得作過(guò)某事（某事已做過(guò)）remember to so sth.記住去做某事（某事還沒(méi)做）2） forget doing sth.忘了作過(guò)某事（某事已做過(guò)）forget to do sth.忘了去做某事（某事還沒(méi)做）3） try to do sth.=do one s best to do sth. 盡力去做某事try doing sth.嘗試做某事4） stop doing sth. 停止做某

5、事（停止正在做的事）stop to do sth.停下來(lái)做某事（停止的事去做另外的事）5） go on doing sth. 繼續(xù)做某事（同一件事）go on to do sth. 接著去做某事（不同的事）5.下列動(dòng)詞跟動(dòng)詞不定式充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：vt.+sb. to do sth.vt.+ sb.+not to do sth.Want/ask/ tell /order/ allow/ wish/beg/advise / call /invite +sb. to do sth.She told me to buy a ticket.她讓我去買張票My mother often tells men

6、ot to go out at night.6.help 后的不定式可帶to, 也可不帶toThe teachers helped the students (to) learn English well . 那些老師幫助學(xué)生學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。He often helps his mother (to) tidy up the room.他經(jīng)常幫助他媽媽整理房間。;.7. 動(dòng)詞不定式省to 的情況一感 feel二聽(tīng)hear, listen to+sb. do sth.三使 have, let, make四看 see, watch, look at, notice?？级陶Z(yǔ)： hear/see/ make

7、 / let sb. do sth.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)： Sb. be heard/ seen/made/let to do sth.（變成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)補(bǔ)回to）I often see him help others.He is often seen to help other by me.二、動(dòng)詞不定式的句式：1.動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)，常用it 作形式主語(yǔ)，而將真正的主語(yǔ)放在句。It + is/was+adj.+(for sb.) + to do sth.To learn English well is useful. = It s useful to learn English well.學(xué)好

8、英語(yǔ)是有用的。To protect environment is important for us.= It s important for us to protect environment. 對(duì)于我們來(lái)說(shuō)保護(hù)環(huán)境是很重要的。2. It is / was + adj.(kind / good/ nice/ clever) + of sb. +to do sth.It s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me 你幫助我真是太好啦。It s very clever of you to do like that .=Y

9、ou are clever to do like that 你那樣做真的太聰明啦。這個(gè)句型的形容詞為表示人的品格，氣質(zhì)之類的詞?？梢缘扔诰湫停簊b. is / was + adj. +to do sth.3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花費(fèi)某人時(shí)間)4. 主語(yǔ) + find / think+ it + 形容詞+ (for sb.) + to doI find it easy to read English every day.我發(fā)現(xiàn)每天讀英語(yǔ)和容易的。He felt it hard to s

10、leep.他覺(jué)得很難入睡。I think it very interestingto learn English.我認(rèn)為學(xué)英語(yǔ)很有趣。We found it impossible to cross the river.我們發(fā)現(xiàn)過(guò)河是不可能的。5.不定式作表語(yǔ)表示主語(yǔ)的“職業(yè)、職責(zé)或性質(zhì)”等Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打掃大廳。My dream is to be a teacher. 我的夢(mèng)想是當(dāng)一名教師。6.不定式作狀語(yǔ)的用法He worked day and night to get the money. （表目的）他日夜工作來(lái)賺錢。He is t

11、oo young to go to school. （表結(jié)果）他太小以致不能上學(xué)。They were very sad to hear the news. （表原因）聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息他們非常傷心。The question is simple for himto answer.（表程度）這個(gè)問(wèn)題對(duì)他來(lái)說(shuō)太容易回答了。7. 動(dòng)詞不定式可以和疑問(wèn)詞who, what, which, when, how, where(why除外 )等連用，構(gòu)成不定式短語(yǔ)。Can you tell me how to get to the post office?I didn tknow what to do next.H

12、ow to learn English well is the question that we all want to ask.The question is when to get there.What to do 與 how to do 的區(qū)別 :I don tknow what to do next? 我不知道下一步該做什么。(What to do 后沒(méi)有 sth.)I don tknow how to use this machine. 我不知道怎么樣使用這部機(jī)器（how to do +sth. ）;.三、動(dòng)名詞（動(dòng)詞 +ing ）作用相當(dāng)于名詞。 （可以作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)和定語(yǔ)）1

13、.Reading is an art.讀書是一種藝術(shù)。 （作主語(yǔ)）2.Your task is cleaning the windows.你的任務(wù)就是擦窗戶。 （作表語(yǔ)）3. He likes swimming. （作賓語(yǔ)）4.a washing machine 洗衣機(jī)， a reading room閱覽室（作定語(yǔ)）;.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（不定式和動(dòng)名詞）專練（）1. Mother told her sonin the street.A. not playB. to not playC. doesntplayD. not to play() 2. His wish wasa scientist.A.

14、to becomesB. becomesC. becomeD. to become() 3. It s raining hard. You d better.A. go outB. not go outC. not to go outD. to not out() 4. Do you knowwashing machine?A. where to getB. to where to getC. where getD. to where get() 5. The students dontknownext.A. how toB. what to doC. what doD. do what()

15、6. Would you mindme howEnglish words?A. telling , to rememberB. telling, rememberC. tell, to rememberD. tell, remember() 7. Mr. Brown asked us to stop, and we stoppedhim at once.A. talking, to listen toB. to talk, to listenC. talking, listeningD. talk, listen() 8. -What are you going to be after you

16、 finish college?-I m going to be a singer, but my parentsme to be a doctor.A. hopeB. wantC. makeD. let() 9.- I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang s home just now.-Yes , she is often seenthe old man with his housework.A. helpB. to helpC. helpsD. helped() 10. -Do you need to get there before ten?-No, I.A.

17、don thave toB. don tneedC. cantD. mustnt() 12. After she finishedthe letter, she went to bed.A. to writeB. writingC. writtenD. wrote() 13. It was very late at night, he still went on.A. worksB. workedC. workingD. work() 14.- Have you finishthe book?-Not yet. I lltryit to you before Friday.A.reading,

18、 returning,B. to read, to returnC. reading, to return,D. to read, returning() 15. The old man is strong enough. He prefersto.A. walking, ridingB. walk, rideC. to walk, rideD. walking, ride() 16. I have quite a few people.A. take care ofB. to take care ofC. to take careD. take care() 17. I usually fo

19、rgetthe door, but I rememberedit when I left yesterday.A.closing, closingB. to close, to closeC. to close, closingD. closing, to close() 18. I m madethirsty by the strange thing.A. feelB. feelingC. to feelD. felt;.() 20. I m sorryyour friend is ill.A. hearB. to hearC. listenD. to listen() 21. -Will

20、you please tell John to come to my office?-.A. Yes, I doB. I llbe gladC. Thank youD. I llbe glad to() 22.Have you read the book? It s worth.A. readB. to readC. readingD. to reading() 23.This box is too heavy for the child.A. to carry itB. to carryC. carryingD. carrying it() 24.The young man is old e

21、noughthe army.A. joinB. joiningC. to joinD. joins() 25.The flowers need.A. wateringB. to waterC. waterD. watered() 27. -Have you finished the work?-Not yet, but no matter how hard it is, well keepuntil we make it.A. failedB. tryingC. triedD. falling() 28. -Do you want to eat something? -. thanks. I

22、am feeling sick now.Idontfeel like.A. Yes, eating somethingB. No, to eat anythingC. Yes, to eat anythingD. No, eating anything() 29.- Do you still rememberme sometime in Shanghai?-Yes, of course. Two years ago.A. to seeB. seeC. seeingD. saw() 30. It took us a long timeHawaii, but we thought the journey was enjoyable.A. to getB. gettingC. to reachD. reaching() 31. I t simportantthe piano well.A. of him to playB. for him to playC. of him playingD. for him playing() 32. Good manners usually help people toeach other.A. get on well withB.