最全初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法之-形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)

1、形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)一.形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)的變化方法如下(1) 符合規(guī)則的：情 況加 法例 詞一 般 情 況直接加 -er ; -estall-taller-tallest以e結(jié)尾的詞加 r ; -stnice-nicer-nicest以“輔音+y”結(jié)尾的詞變y為i再加-er ; -estdry-drier-driestheavy-heavier-heaviest以一個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的詞輔音字母雙寫，再加-er ; -estthin-thinner-thinnest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)單詞在詞前加 more ; mostmore deliciousmost delicious(2

2、)幾個(gè)不規(guī)則的形容詞和副詞的比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)如下表：原 級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí)good , wellbetterbestbad , illworseworstmany , muchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfarther / furtherfarthest / furthest二形容詞和副詞比較級(jí)的用法級(jí)別比較程度表達(dá)方式和意義例 句備 注原  級(jí)同等程度肯定形式As+原級(jí)+as(像一樣)Art is as interesting as music.Play as well as you can. 否定形式not + so (as) +原級(jí)+as(

3、不如那樣)English is not so difficult as science.She does not study so well as I do.  比較級(jí)不同程度（用于兩者比較）比較級(jí)+than(比)Jim is older than Luky.I like pork better than beef.比較級(jí)前面可以加much, far, even, still,a lot, a little, a bit等程度加深比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)（越來越）The + 比較級(jí)，the + 比較級(jí)（越, 越）He is growing taller and taller.He st

4、udies better and better.The more books she reads, the better she understand. 最高級(jí)最高程度（用于三者或三者以上）The +最高級(jí)+of (in)(最)Spring is the best season of the year.Lin Tao jumped (the) farthest of all.副詞最高級(jí)前面的the 往往省略注意：有些形容詞，如 dead, empty, round, sure, woolen 等受本身含義的限制，沒有比較級(jí)。 例題解析1. He is _ friends than I

5、.A. much more   B. many more   C. very more   D. too more解析： 后面有可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)， many的比較級(jí)形式為many more 修飾。 應(yīng)選B.2. Which is the _ country, Japan or Australia?   A. more developed   B. more developing   C. most developed   D. most developing

6、解析： 兩者比較用比較級(jí)， 表示"發(fā)達(dá)"用 developed, 而developing 是 "發(fā)展中的"  意思3 There were _ shops in the city in 1982 than in 1990.A. little        B. few        C. fewer         D

7、. less解析：little 不能修飾可數(shù)名詞，兩者比較需用比較級(jí)， 所以應(yīng)選C.4. If you are not free today, come another day _.   A. too     B. so     C. instead    D. yet  解析：instead 作副詞用時(shí)意為"代替，頂替"， 表示前面的事情沒做， 而是做了后面的事。Instead一般位于句首。應(yīng)選C.5He can't tell

8、 us _, I think.   A. important anything            B. anything important C. important something          D. something important.  解析：不定代詞與形容詞聯(lián)用需后置，否定句中應(yīng)該用anything而不是something. 因此應(yīng)選

9、B6. The Huang River is the second _ river in our country.  A. long    B. longer   C. longest    D. the longest  解析："定冠詞the+ 序數(shù)詞 + 形容詞最高級(jí) " 表示"第幾大" 應(yīng)選C.7. The light in the office wasn't _for him to read.  A. enough bright&

10、#160;    B. bright enough    C. brightly     D. enough brightly  解析：enough修飾名詞時(shí)可前可后， 修飾形容詞或副詞時(shí)， 要后置。應(yīng)選B.8. There was an accident at the corner. _, the girl wasn't _hurt.  A. luckily, badly   B. luck, hardly   C. Luck

11、y, heavily  D. Lucky, strongly  解析：第一空修飾全句需用副詞，第二空修飾形容詞hurt也要用副詞， 因此選A.9. You must keep your eyes _ when you do eye exercises.   A. close     B. open       C. closed      D., opened  解析: 此處需用形容詞做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

12、。 應(yīng)選C.10. Five days has passed , but I haven't finished half of the work. _,   A. already     B. still     C. too       D. yet  解析：already 與 yet 都可用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。Already常用于肯定句， 而yet 常用與否定句。應(yīng)選D.三形容詞副詞比較級(jí)最高級(jí)的其他用法（1

13、）和冠詞連用the 形容詞原級(jí)v(復(fù))，指一類人或物the 形容詞比較級(jí)，指兩者中“較的”的那一個(gè)，eg. the younger of the two a/ an 形容詞比較級(jí)eg. The pen is expensive. I want a cheaper one. ( a) most形容詞最高級(jí)“非常”eg. a most beautiful city( 2 ) 相關(guān)結(jié)構(gòu)1) 原級(jí)比較：肯定句 as.as., 否定句not so / as.as.2) 比較句： 比較級(jí) than.或more (less) .than.The furniture in this shop is less

14、beautiful than that in that shop.(注意代詞that的用法)3) 比較級(jí) and比較級(jí) 或 more and more比較級(jí) “越來越 ”richer and richer, more and more interesting4) The more., the more.“越， 越”The more you look at the picture, the better you will like it. 5) 比較級(jí)than any other n. （單） （適用于范圍一致時(shí)） (all) other n.（復(fù)） any n.(單) （適用于范圍不一致時(shí)）

15、He is taller than any other student / all other students in his class. any student in my class.6) 倍數(shù)表達(dá)法。A is three(four, etc.)times the size(height, length etc.)of B.A is three(four, etc.)times as big(high, long, etc.)as B.A is three (four, etc.)times bigger(higher, longer, etc.)than B.用times 表倍數(shù)通常用

16、于三倍以上，兩倍可以用twice或double.The new building is four times the size (the height)of the old one.這座新樓比那座舊樓大三倍（高三倍）。 Asia is four times as large as Europe.亞洲比歐洲大三倍。Your school is three times bigger than ours.你們的學(xué)校比我們的學(xué)校大三倍。7) morethan結(jié)構(gòu)，其意往往是rather than，可譯為“是而不是”或顛倒詞序譯作“與其說是，不如說是”。That little girl is more

17、tired than hungry. 那個(gè)小姑娘是累了而不是餓了。 She is more a mother than a wife或She is more of a mother than a wife.她是賢妻，更是良母。8) A is to B what C is to D A和B的關(guān)系就像C和D的關(guān)系 Air is to man what water is to fish. 空氣 對(duì)于人類就像水和魚的關(guān)系。9) no more than= only “只不過”，言其少not more than=at most “不多于”，“至少”，指事實(shí)。 no more than 和一樣不 如單音節(jié)

18、使用比較級(jí)形式 not morethan 不比更no less than= as much as “多達(dá)” no fewer than= as many as例：I have no more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢只不過5元。 I have not more than five yuan in my pocket. 我口袋里的錢不多于5元。 He is no richer than I.他和我一樣窮。He is no less determined than you. 他的決心不亞于你。(no less determined than等于“其決心

19、不亞于你”，言其大) He is not less determined than you. 他的決心不比你小。(not less determined than等于“其決心不小于”，無言其大或小的含義) 10) 最高級(jí)of/ in/ among. He is the tallest of the three/ among them/ in is class.四相關(guān)詞語(yǔ)辨析1.very 和much A）very修飾形容詞、副詞的原級(jí)；much修飾比較級(jí)；修飾動(dòng)詞用much或very much ,eg. I very like English.(×),因改為：I like Englis

20、h very much.B) 表示狀態(tài)的過去分詞前用very。a very frightened boy, a very tired child .一般的情況下，以-ed結(jié)尾的分詞多用much、very much / greatly等修飾。如：We were greatly /much shocked by the news about Tom. C) 已轉(zhuǎn)化為形容詞的現(xiàn)在分詞前用very。如：very interesting / worrying / exciting D）too前用much/ far ,不用very。You are much / far / a lot too nice.另

21、外，在too many / much, too few / little前用far。 Weve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups. E)還有修飾詞既不用very,也不用much. eg. be well worth doing, be well above the tree2. so和suchA)so that 與such that 的區(qū)別。so + 形容詞 / 副詞 +  that so + 形容詞 + a（n）+ 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that so + many / much / little / few + 名詞 + t

22、hat such + a(n)+ 形容詞+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that such + 形容詞 + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that such + 形容詞 + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that 注意： 但當(dāng)little表示“小”時(shí)用such。如：These are such little boys that they cant dress t hemselves.下列so的用法是錯(cuò)誤的：so a difficult problem, so difficult problems, so hot weather。B) some/ any/ every/ no/ each/ all/ another/ several/

23、few/ many/ one/ two +such+n. eg. no such word3. be too much + n. be much too+ adj. be too much for sb. 對(duì)太過分了4. cant be too +adj.= cant be +adj.+ enough “無論都不為過” You can never be careful enough.= You can never be too careful.你越小心越好。練習(xí)與鞏固選擇最佳答案填空：1 Don't worry, sir. I'm sure I can run _ to cat

24、ch up with them. A. slowly enough  B. enough slowly  C. fast enough  D. enough fast2. The text is very easy for you. There are _ new words in it.   A. a few  B. a little  C. few  D. little3. It's such an _ film that all the students are _ in it.  

25、; A. interesting; interested  B. interested; interesting  C. interesting; interesting  D. interested; interested; interested4. Mingming got up very _,so he came to school half an hour _.   A. late; lately  B. lately; late  C. lately; lately  D. late; late5. I

26、am _ worried about y parents' healthy conditions.   A. some times  B. sometime  C. sometimes  D. some times6. We don't have _ every day.   A. a lot of school works  B. many school work  C. any school works  D. much school work7. -Look! How fa

27、st the two horses are running!  -Oh, yes! They are nearly _.   A. up and down  B. slower and slower  C. more or less  D. neck and neck8. _ children there are in family,_ their life will be.   A. The less; the better  B. The fewer; the better  C. Fewe

28、r; richer  D. More; poorer9. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting _.   A. more and more rich  B. more rich and more rich  C. richer and richer  D. richer and richest10. Which lesson is _, this one or that one?   A. difficult  B. much difficult 

29、; C. more difficult  D. the most difficult11. "A _ accident happened at 7:30 a.m." said the policeman _.   A. serious, serious  B. seriously, seriously  C. seriously, serious  D. serious, seriously12. _ is it from our school to Lupu Bridge?   A. How

30、long  B. How often  C. How far  D. How much13. In our city, it is _ in July, but it is even _ in August.   A. hotter; hottest  B. hot; hot  C. hotter; hot  D. hot; hotter14. This pencil is _ that one.   A. so long as  B. as longer as  C. lo

31、nger than  D. not as longest as15. The station is two kilometers _ the hospital.   A. away to  B. far away  C. far from  D. away from16. Beijing has _ many buses that there is often a traffic jam in rush hours.   A. so  B. very  C. too  D. much1

32、7. This box is _ heavy _ I can't carry it.   A. too, to  B. so, that  C. very, that  D. too, that18. India has the second _ population in the world.   A. larger  B. most  C. smallest  D. largest19. Mary received _ many postcards at Christmas.

33、0;  A. so  B. such  C. too  D. even20. The cake smells _. Please throw it away.   A. good  B. badly  C. bad  D. well21. - What was the weather like yesterday?   - It was terrible. It rained so _ that people could _ go out.   A. hardlyh

34、ard    B. hardly hardly     C. hard hardly   D. hard hard22. The meeting will be held in half an hour, but they haven't got everything ready_.   A. ever       B. already      C. yet 

35、;      D. still23. - What about the English novel?   - It's not very difficult. There are only _ new words in it.   A. few      B. a few     C. many     D. a little24. How beautiful she

36、sings! I've never heard _.   A. the better voice     B. a good voice    C. the best voice     D. a better voice25.  Mr Smith always has  _ to tell us. A. some good pieces of news       &

37、#160;      B. some  pieces of good news C.some good piece of news               D. some piece of good new26. I'm afraid the headmaster is _ busy to meet the visitors.  A. too much  

38、  B. much too   C. so much    D. very much27. - Dad , when will you be free?  You agreed to go to the seaside with me four days ago.   - I am sorry, Jean. But I think I will have a _ holiday soon.  A. four-days      B. four-d

39、ay    C. four days     D. four day28. The scenery in Sanya looks _, especially "Tian Ya Hai Jiao" is _.   A, well, best     B. fine, the most famous     C. nice, better   D. beautifully, the best

40、29. What a _ day it is! Let's go out for a walk. A. windy    B. lovely      C. rainy     D.cloudy30. Of the two Australian students , Masha is _ one. I think you can find her easily.   A, tallest     B, the

41、 taller     C. taller       D. the tallestKey1-5 CCADC  6-10  DDBCC   11-15 DCDCD  16-20 ABDAC  21-25 CCADB   26-30   BBBBBHomework選擇最佳答案填空：1. John told me that _ nothing important have ever happ

42、ened. A. hardly B. rarely C. nearly D. almost2. -Why dont you like the shirt? -Its neck is not big for me at all. Have you got a shirt of this kind with _ neck? A. the biggest B. a far bigger C. by far the biggest D. a more bigger3. -The temperature today is 10 below zero. -Oh, its _cold. A. the mos

43、t B. the more C. most D. much more4. -Do you think him naughty enough? -Im afraid hes _than naughty. A. more clever B. clever C. much clever D. much more clever5. Exercise is _as any other to lose unwanted weight. A. so useful a wayB. as a useful way C. as useful a way D. such a useful way6. -Whats

44、wrong? You seem restless. -I was reduced to paying _ price for it. A. double the B. double of the C. double D. double of7. _, the boys were shouting and singing. A. Happy and excited B. Happily and excitedly C. To be happy and excited D. To be happily and excitedly8. Im glad to say that hes already

45、finished _50% of the book in these three days. A. no less than B. no more than C. not more than D. much less than9. Ill get there by six, if_. A. not sooner B. no sooner C. not more quickly D. no quick10. The US is about the same size as China, but its population is five times _. A. as little B. sma

46、ller C. as few D. fewer11. -Is this _book? - Yes, its _what Im after. A. the very; just B. the just; exactlyC. a very; just D. the right; only12. He has given up drinking. He drinks _. A. never again B. not any more C. no more D. once again13. He hurried away, _to meet his old friend. A. looking for

47、wardB. hoped C. anxiously D. eager14. Everything was very expensive. I didnt buy _fruit, but Ive got some _apples. A. any; big red B. any; red big C. much; big red D. some ; red big15. -Are you going to the football game? -No, the tickets are _expensive for me. A. very much B. so much C. far too D.

48、highly16. Well have to wait a _two weeks to know the examination result. A. other B. further C. another D. more17. The little town has now grown into a modern big city, and is _ what it used to be. A. twice the size than B. two times the size as C. twice the size as D. twice the size of18. The living carried away the dead and the healthy helped _. A. the ill B. the wound