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1、 a lighted candle一支點(diǎn)燃的蠟燭a used stamp一枚用過(guò)的郵票Translation第1頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)a broken coin一枚破損的硬幣一名退休教師a retired teacher第2頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)an injured finger一個(gè)受傷的手指一個(gè)醉鬼a drunken/ drunk man第3頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)基本形式和意義 過(guò)去分詞是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的一種形式, 表示完成和被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。它在句子中可以充當(dāng)定語(yǔ)、 表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ),不可以單獨(dú)構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。過(guò)去分詞的基本形式是“動(dòng)詞+-ed”+-ed”,也有不規(guī)則的形式。The Past Participle第4頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)

2、- Look at the excited boy! Why is he so happy?- He has got the first prize in the contest.- No wonder he is excited!Look at the dialogue and find the use of the past participle.第5頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1. 單個(gè)過(guò)去分詞或由過(guò)去分詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合形容詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí),通常置于被修飾的名詞之前;當(dāng)修飾不定代詞時(shí),放在不定代詞之后。 表示被動(dòng)或完成意義。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)第6頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)例如:1) an honored guest a retir

3、ed teacher 2) Everybody invited is expected to arrive at least 15 minutes early.3) The Great Wall is a well-known tourist attractionLeave的過(guò)去分詞left表示“剩下的,剩余的”時(shí)候,常置于被修飾詞之后。如: Dont worry. There is half an hour left.第7頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)2. 過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)要放在被修飾詞之后,它的作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句。例如: For breakfast he only drinks juice from

4、the fresh fruit _ on his own farm. A. grown B. being grown C. to be grown D. to grow 分析:grown on his farm 相當(dāng)于限定性定語(yǔ)從句 which/ that are grown on his own farm第8頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording C. to be recorded D. having recor

5、ded分析: digitally recorded in the studio 相當(dāng)于非限定性定語(yǔ)從句 which is digitally recorded in the studio第9頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)e.g. The books written by Lu Xun are popular Well go to visit the bridge built hundreds of years ago With the governments aid, those affected by t h e e a r t h q u a k e h a v e m o v e d t o t h e

6、n e w settlements. 第10頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3. 一些不及物動(dòng)詞也有過(guò)去分詞形式。由于不及物動(dòng)詞不可以直接加賓語(yǔ),所以其過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)只表示完成,沒(méi)有被動(dòng)意義。例如: fallen leaves the risen sun the advanced countries a retired teacher newly-arrived goods 第11頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 動(dòng)詞-ed形式作定語(yǔ)和 動(dòng)詞-ing形式作定語(yǔ)有什么區(qū)別呢?第12頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1 1)語(yǔ)態(tài)不同)語(yǔ)態(tài)不同-ing表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行;表主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行;-ed表被動(dòng)、完成表被動(dòng)、完成the falling leaves 落葉(正往下

7、落的)the fallen leaves 落葉(已落到地面的)the changing worldthe changed world(正在變化的)(變化了的)第13頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)boiling waterboiled water(正在沸騰的) )(已經(jīng)沸騰過(guò)的)fading flowers faded flowers( (正在凋謝的) )(已經(jīng)凋謝的)a developing countrya developed country( (發(fā)展中的) )(發(fā)達(dá)的)第14頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 2)時(shí)間關(guān)系不同)時(shí)間關(guān)系不同-ing 表示表示“正在正在 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行”或或“與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)進(jìn)行”或或“

8、經(jīng)常性經(jīng)常性”。-ed 表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作。表示動(dòng)作先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示的動(dòng)作。Do you know the boy lying under the big tree? “Cant you read?”Mary said, angrily pointing to the notice.The house built about 50 years ago was damaged in an earthquake.第15頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 3)及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞與現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式都可表示被動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)式都可表示被動(dòng), , 但但-ed表示表示一個(gè)完成了的動(dòng)作一個(gè)完成了的動(dòng)

9、作, , 而而being done多表多表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 The problem discussed yesterday has something to do with us. The problem being discussed now has something to do with us. The building being built is our library.第16頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1. The Olympic Games, _ in 776 B. C., didnt include women until 1912. A. first playin

10、g B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing考點(diǎn)點(diǎn)撥 第17頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)簡(jiǎn)析: 首先, 根據(jù)語(yǔ)法分析可知, 待選部分是一個(gè)作定語(yǔ)、修飾 The Olympic Games的后置分詞短語(yǔ); 再根據(jù) The Olympic Games 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 play 來(lái)說(shuō)只能是被動(dòng)承受, 且已完成 (in 776 B. C.)。因此, 該題應(yīng)選C。第18頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)2. Whats the language _ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)

11、選B。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語(yǔ)從句 which is spoken。第19頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選A。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語(yǔ)從句who were invited。第20頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)4. The computer centre, _ last year, is very popular among the stud

12、ents in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選D。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后, 可以用非限制性定語(yǔ)從句“which was opened last year”代替。第21頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)5. The first textbooks _ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written

13、D. written 簡(jiǎn)析: 該題應(yīng)選D。測(cè)試過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)表達(dá)被動(dòng), 等于定語(yǔ)從句thatwere written。第22頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 另外, 分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí), 如果其邏輯主語(yǔ)與整個(gè)句子的主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),需要獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)或 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)替代。(此時(shí), 也可把該分詞看成介詞的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。)第23頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)例: The murderer was brought in, with his hands _ behind his back. A. being tied B. having tied C. to be tied D. tied 簡(jiǎn)析: 很顯然, 待選部分的邏輯主語(yǔ)是 his h

14、ands, 而不是句子的主語(yǔ) The murderer,而 his hands 對(duì)于動(dòng)詞 tie來(lái)說(shuō), 只能是被動(dòng)承受。因此, 該題應(yīng)選D。 第24頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),表示主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或 所處的狀態(tài),與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)相似,主要是 表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞 其前的系動(dòng)詞有包括be在內(nèi)的多種形式。 如: Everyone present was very inspired at his speech 聽(tīng)了他的發(fā)言,在場(chǎng)的所有人都很振奮。 You seem frightened. 你似乎受了驚嚇。過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)第25頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于形容

15、詞;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中,句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者,后面常跟by。 例如: This shop is closed (狀態(tài)) This shop is closed by the local government. (動(dòng)作)2. 過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu) 與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別第26頁(yè)/共38頁(yè) 3. 3.一些表示情感的動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞以及其他一些詞的過(guò)去分詞常作表語(yǔ)。除了與bebe連用之外,也可以與appear, become, feel, get, grow, look, remain, seem等系動(dòng)詞連用。 第27頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)可以用作表語(yǔ)的常見(jiàn)的過(guò)去分詞有: connected crowded co

16、vered gone tired delighted disappointed upset surprised pleased astonished excited frightened experienced interested qualified puzzled exhausted satisfied drunk known married lost separated amused worried broken第28頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)Complete the sentences using the past participle as the predicative.1. 丟了錢他自責(zé)不已。

17、He _ about losing the money.2. 你為什么總是看上很疲勞?這些日子睡 得好嗎?Why do you always _ ? Do you sleep well these days?got blamedlook so tired第29頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)3. 我對(duì)昨晚看的電影很失望。我原以為它 能好些。 I _ the film I saw last night. I had expected it to be better.4. 聽(tīng)說(shuō)那位明星死了,人人都很驚訝。Everybody _to hear the death of the famous film starwas d

18、isappointed withwas shocked第30頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)5. 要去動(dòng)物園了,孩子們非常興奮。 The children _ going to the zoo6. 他的傷口感染了一種新病毒。His wound _ a new virusare really excited aboutbecame infected with第31頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)1. _ in the traffic accident _ taken to hospital. A. An injured, was B. The injured, has C. The injuring, were D. The injured, have beenChoose the best answer.第32頁(yè)/共38頁(yè)2. The girl _ forward to buying a new gold watch. A. referred to look

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