Unit-4--課時(shí)跟蹤練(一)參考word

1、課時(shí)跟蹤練(一) Warming Up & Reading Pre-reading.閱讀理解AEdmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets (彗星) which other scientists had made. The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical (數(shù)學(xué)) problem. He could not figure it out

2、. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.However, Halley had a friend named Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton though he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the

3、 shape of an ellipse (橢圓)Now Halley set to work. He figured out (解決；計(jì)算出) the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531, 1607, and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearances had been 75 to

4、76 years apart.This seemed very strange to Halley. The different comets followed the same orbit. The more halley thought about it, the more he thought that there had not been three different comets, as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gon

5、e away and had come back again.It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction (預(yù)言) of what comet would happen in the future. He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet a

6、ppeared in the sky. Halley did not see it, for he has died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Halleys comet, in his honor.語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了200多年前英國(guó)科學(xué)家哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。1Halley made his discovery _.Aby doing experimentsBby means of his own careful observationCby using the work of other s

7、cientistsDby chance解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文中第三段“He figured out (解決；計(jì)算出) the orbits 推薦精選of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.”可知應(yīng)選C。2Halley made a surprising, but correct prediction in the year _.A1704B1705C1706 D1707解析：選B數(shù)字計(jì)算題。第五段中的“He decided that this comet would appear in the year 1758

8、. There were 53 years to go before Halleys prediction could be tested.”這句話告訴我們：他預(yù)言彗星出現(xiàn)的時(shí)間是1758年，而這個(gè)預(yù)言還要經(jīng)過53年才能驗(yàn)證，由此可以推斷出哈雷做出這個(gè)預(yù)言的時(shí)間是1705年。3This passage in general is about _.AHalley and other scientistsBthe orbit of a cometCNewton and HalleyDHalley and his discovery解析：選D主旨大意題。文章的中心就是哈雷以及他的發(fā)現(xiàn)。4Which

9、of the following is TRUE?AEdmund Halley was an American scientist.BHalley made his discovery by doing experiments.CNewton was a famous mathematician.DThe orbit of a comet had the shape of a circle.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從文章首句可以看出A項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；從第1題的分析中可知B項(xiàng)也錯(cuò)誤；牛頓告訴哈雷彗星的軌道是橢圓形的，可排除D項(xiàng)。BThe plan：turn the Mars into a blue wor

10、ld with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures from the earth.This idea may sound like something from science fiction, but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers.This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion at an internation

11、al conference hosted by NASA this week. Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event. It comes as NASA is preparing a multibilliondollar Mars research programme.“Turning the Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction，”said Dr.Michael Meyer, NASA

12、s senior scientist. “Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing the Mars.”推薦精選Most scientists agree that the Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal. But many experts are shock

13、ed by the idea.“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet，” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, UK.Over the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms. Europe

14、 and Americas robot explorers have found the proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planet.In addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane (甲烷) in the Martian atmosphere; the gas is a waste product of living creatu

15、res and could be produced by microbes (微生物) living in the red planets soil.But scientists such as Dr.Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.“Before we have even discovered if there is life on the Mars, we are talking a

16、bout carrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil，” said Dr. Pratt.Monica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London, shares this view.“We cannot risk starting a global experiment that w

17、ould wipe out the precious information we are looking for，” she said. “This is just wrong.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇科普說明文。在太空開拓人類新的生存領(lǐng)地一直是科幻小說的主題，也是人類一直希望實(shí)現(xiàn)的夢(mèng)想。如今，美國(guó)的一部分科學(xué)家想把紅色火星改造成藍(lán)色的“生命天堂”。就這一提議科學(xué)家們展開了討論。5The passage is about _.Aa plan turning the Mars into a little earthBthe necessity of changing the MarsCfindi

18、ng water on the MarsDthe Mars supporting life解析：選A主旨大意題。由第一段可以看出，人們計(jì)劃將火星變?yōu)橐粋€(gè)小地球。后文就這一計(jì)劃是否應(yīng)該實(shí)施進(jìn)行了探討。故文章是圍繞將火星變?yōu)樾〉厍蜻@一話題展開的。6Why is Dr. Lisa Pratt against the plan?AWater has been found on the Mars.推薦精選BIt will cost too much money and work.CThe native life forms on the Mars would be destroyed.DThe eart

19、h is being destroyed at an unbelievable speed.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由倒數(shù)第三段中的“. these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project.”可知，莉薩博士反對(duì)該計(jì)劃的原因是擔(dān)心火星上的微生物會(huì)受到破壞。7What could prove the existence of microbes living in the Mars soil?ALiquid water on the Mars.BSome creatures on the Mars.CA lot of goo

20、d soil on the Mars.DSigns of methane in the Mars atmosphere.解析：選D推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第四段可以看出，科學(xué)家在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)了甲烷，而甲烷是生物排放出的一種氣體。由此科學(xué)家認(rèn)為火星上有生物存在。8We can infer from the passage that _.Awater is a key factor for life; without it, living on the Mars would be impossibleBthe project wont affect the native life forms suppos

21、ed to live on the MarsCthe idea turning the Mars into a little earth is nothing but science fictionDMonica Grady is in favour of carrying out the little earth project解析：選A推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第五段可知，科學(xué)家對(duì)于能夠在火星上發(fā)現(xiàn)生物非常有自信，因?yàn)闅W洲和美國(guó)的機(jī)器人已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了水存在的證據(jù)。由此我們可推知，水是生命存在的重要因素。CMy friend Tim was one of five children. His fathe

22、r was an alcoholic and died very young, and his mother was unable to support the family. Unfortunately, the children were separated and placed in foster homes (收養(yǎng)家庭)Tim dropped out of school and did nothing to further himself. He eventually went through a divorce. Tims brother, although experiencing

23、 the same childhood, educated himself and got a good job. He has a happy family and a wonderful home.Both brothers gave a similar answer when asked why their lives turned out the way they did. They said, “Youd turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.” Neither of the brothers could cha

24、nge his past, but one of them adjusted (調(diào)整) 推薦精選his sail.It doesnt take much to find an excuse whether that is our family background, our lack of education, or that we live in the wrong city, or do not know the right people. Each one of these excuses has a solution. However, if you believe that ther

25、e is nothing you can do to turn your life around, then you wont be able to change your life for the better.If you really desire to turn your life to a new course, to set your sail to a different port, it is a matter of choice. If you choose to move forward, the easiest way is to find a solution to y

26、our todays situation. Solutions are there if you want to go after them. Sure, it may take some hard work, or the willingness to take a risk. But if you do not, then you will never have a different or happy life. Do not limit yourself by finding an excuse; only limit yourself by refusing to have an e

27、xcuse.語篇解讀：本文為夾敘夾議文。我們的過往是什么樣子并不是很重要，因?yàn)槲磥碚莆赵谖覀冏约菏掷铩?Why does Tims brother have a happy life?AHe had a happy childhood.BHe tried hard to change his life.CHe had a wonderful foster home.DHe was the smartest of his family.解析：選B推理判斷題。由第二段“Tims brother, although experiencing the same childhood, educated

28、himself and got a good job.”可知，Tim的哥哥努力改變自己的命運(yùn)。10What did Tim think led to his unhappy life?AHis laziness.BNot adjusting his sail.CHis unhappy childhood.DNot having any opportunities.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“They said, Youd turn out this way too if you had a childhood like mine.”可知，Tim將自己的不幸歸咎于自己不幸的童年。11In t

29、he authors opinion, his friend Tim _.Areally had no chance to improve his lifeBfailed because he lived in the wrong cityCwas the most unfortunate man in the world推薦精選Dcould have changed his life if he had chosen to解析：選D推理判斷題。由第四段“Each one of these excuses has a solution. However, if you believe that

30、 there is nothing you can do to turn your life around, then you wont be able to change your life for the better.”可知，作者認(rèn)為Tim本來是可以改變自己的人生的。12What is the best title for the text?AAdjust your sailBSay “no” to excusesCMove toward a happy familyDHow we live our life is a choice解析：選D標(biāo)題歸納題。由最后一段“If you real

31、ly desire to turn your life to a new course, to set your sail to a different port, it is a matter of choice”可知，本文旨在告訴我們，想過什么樣的生活在于我們自己怎么選擇。.閱讀七選五It is often seen that in many homes young children ask their parents for a pet, and yet their parents refuse due to the fear of spreading illnesses and the

32、 responsibility that comes with owning a pet. _1_ Here are some things that kids can learn from pets：Empathy (移情) and calmness. _2_ These lessons will help them in the future when they deal with other humans. And as they take care of their pets, children learn how to be calm, gentle, and caring, eventually growing up to be open and compassionate (有同情心的) adults.Companionship. Once you have a pet, your kid can always depend on having a friend and companio