選修7 Unit1 Language_points[課件]

1、Unit1 Living well 1. disabled adj. 傷殘的傷殘的 the disabled表示表示“殘疾人；傷殘者殘疾人；傷殘者”。如。如: Now that he was disabled, his house had become a prison to him. 因?yàn)樗麣垙U了因?yàn)樗麣垙U了, 他的房子就成了他的牢籠。他的房子就成了他的牢籠。 Her latest book discusses the problems of the disabled. 她的新書論述殘疾人的問題。她的新書論述殘疾人的問題。 Language points disability n. 傷殘；無

2、能；無力傷殘；無能；無力 unable adj. 不能的；不會(huì)的不能的；不會(huì)的 用用disable, disabled, disability和和unable的正的正 確形式填空。確形式填空。 1. People come to agree that the _ should also be treated with respect. 2. People with _ should not be looked down upon. 3. He came from a poor family and was _ to afford so expensive a flat. 4. The unex

3、pected accident _ her from undertaking heavy work. disabled disabled disabilities unable 2. What have they done to try to overcome these difficulties? 他們做了哪些努力來克服這些困難？他們做了哪些努力來克服這些困難？ try to do sth.與與try doing sth. try doing sth. 試著做某事試著做某事 try to do sth. 努力做某事努力做某事 3. She is proud to have taken par

4、t in competitions and to have broken a record by running two laps this year. 今年她參加了多次比賽，而且打破了今年她參加了多次比賽，而且打破了 兩圈兩圈 (800米米) 賽跑的紀(jì)錄。賽跑的紀(jì)錄。 1) proud be proud of sth. be proud to do be proud that+clause Your achievements are something to be proud of. I feel very proud to be a singer. He is proud that he

5、is an excellent teacher. 2) to have done 是不定式的完成形式，是不定式的完成形式， 這種形式表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂這種形式表示不定式的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂 語動(dòng)詞之前。語動(dòng)詞之前。 She said she was sorry to have missed you. 她說她是很遺憾沒有見到你。她說她是很遺憾沒有見到你。 He doesnt seem to have told a lie. 他不像是說過謊的樣子。他不像是說過謊的樣子。 She seems to have been a nurse. 她好像當(dāng)過護(hù)士。她好像當(dāng)過護(hù)士。 4. In other wor

6、ds, there are not many people like me. 換句話說換句話說, 像我這樣的人并不多。像我這樣的人并不多。 in other words 意為意為 “換句話說換句話說” in word 在口頭上在口頭上 in words 用言語來表達(dá)用言語來表達(dá) in a/one word 簡言之簡言之, 總之總之 Bear them in your mind! 考例考例 Your performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard _, you failed. (NMET 1999) A. in

7、the end B. after all C. in other words D. at the same time 點(diǎn)撥點(diǎn)撥 根據(jù)句中的根據(jù)句中的“didnt reach the required standard”和和“you failed”，可，可 知是知是“換句話說換句話說”，故選，故選C。in the end 最終，最后；最終，最后；after all畢竟畢竟, 終究；終究；at the same time同時(shí)。同時(shí)。 5. Unfortunately, the doctors dont know how to make me better, but I am very outgoi

8、ng and have learned to adapt to my disability. 不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好不幸的是，大夫們不知道如何治好 我的病，但是我很開朗樂觀，學(xué)會(huì)我的病，但是我很開朗樂觀，學(xué)會(huì) 了適應(yīng)身體的殘疾。了適應(yīng)身體的殘疾。 adapt (oneself) to 使（某人自己）適合使（某人自己）適合 When we moved to France, the children adapted to the change very quickly. 我們搬到法國后我們搬到法國后, 孩子們很快就適應(yīng)孩子們很快就適應(yīng) 了這個(gè)變化。了這個(gè)變化。 adapt.from.從從.

9、選取選取/改編改編 The play is adapted from a novel. 這部電視劇是由小說改編而成的。這部電視劇是由小說改編而成的。 When he moved to Canada, the children _ （很能適應(yīng)變化）（很能適應(yīng)變化） adapted to the change very well. adapt: 指指“修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件修改或改變以適應(yīng)新條件” adjust: 多指多指 “調(diào)整調(diào)整, 調(diào)節(jié)調(diào)節(jié)”使之適應(yīng)使之適應(yīng) fit: 多指多指“大小適合大小適合”，引申為，引申為“吻合吻合” suit: 多指多指“合乎要求、口味、性格、合乎要求、口味、性格、

10、 情況情況” match: 指指“大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)大小、色調(diào)、形狀、性質(zhì)” 等相配或相稱等相配或相稱 辨析辨析: adapt, adjust, fit, suit, match 1). You cant see through the telescope until it is _ to your eyes. 2). The shoes _ me well. 3). A red jacket doesnt _ green trousers. 4). No dish _ all tastes. 5). You should _ yourself to the new environment

11、. adjusted fit match suits adapt Exercise 6. My motto is: live one day at a time. 我的座右銘是我的座右銘是:一次活一天。一次活一天。 at times 有時(shí)有時(shí) at one time 以前，曾經(jīng)以前，曾經(jīng) in time of 在在.的時(shí)候的時(shí)候 in no time 很快很快Think and compare! 7. Until I was ten years old I was the same as everyone else. 一直到我大約十歲時(shí)一直到我大約十歲時(shí), 我都和其他我都和其他 人一樣。人一樣

12、。 until 直到直到.為止為止 conj. 后接時(shí)間狀語從句后接時(shí)間狀語從句, 也可用語強(qiáng)也可用語強(qiáng) 調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。 People dont know the value of health until they lost it. 8. I used to climb trees, swim and play football. 我過去常常爬樹、游泳和踢足球。我過去常常爬樹、游泳和踢足球。 used to表示表示過去經(jīng)常過去經(jīng)常的或持續(xù)的行為的或持續(xù)的行為, 現(xiàn)在不再現(xiàn)在不再發(fā)生。常用助動(dòng)詞發(fā)生。常用助動(dòng)詞did幫助構(gòu)成幫助構(gòu)成 否定句和疑問句。也可用否定句和疑問句。也可用usednt構(gòu)

13、成否構(gòu)成否 定。定。 You used to smoke, usednt you?/didnt you? used to與與would used to指過去的狀況指過去的狀況,也可指習(xí)慣也可指習(xí)慣,現(xiàn)在并非現(xiàn)在并非 如此如此 would多指過去動(dòng)作的反復(fù)多指過去動(dòng)作的反復(fù), 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)。 He would go to the park as soon as he was free. He used to be a naughty boy. used to do, be used to sth./doing sth.和和 be used to do used to表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)

14、作或存在表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在 的狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在已不再發(fā)生或存在。的狀態(tài)，但現(xiàn)在已不再發(fā)生或存在。 be used to sth./ doing sth. 表示表示“習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于” be used to do sth. 意為意為“被用來做某事被用來做某事” 9. I stayed there for nearly three months. nearly adv. 1) almost 差不多差不多 its nearly two oclock. 2) closely 密切地密切地 The matter concerns me nearly. nearly與與almost 肯定句：肯定句：二者

15、意義相近二者意義相近, 可以換用。一可以換用。一 般般almost的差距比的差距比nearly要小。要小。 否定句：否定句： 1）almost可用可用never, no, none, nothing, nobody等否定詞連用等否定詞連用, 2）not nearly 是是“遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn) 不如不如”的意思。的意思。 Almost no one knew her. The old man is nearly 80 years old. Compar e ! 10. I think I had at least a billion 該句的主干為該句的主干為“I think”。think后接一后接一 個(gè)省略了

16、個(gè)省略了that的賓語從句，且這個(gè)賓語的賓語從句，且這個(gè)賓語 從句又包含一個(gè)從句又包含一個(gè)while引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語 從句；從句；including是介詞，后接是介詞，后接one作賓作賓 語，語，in which引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行引導(dǎo)的定語從句修飾先行 詞詞one，且在這個(gè)定語從句中有兩個(gè)由，且在這個(gè)定語從句中有兩個(gè)由 and連接的并列謂語。連接的并列謂語。 11. , when I got out of breath after running a short way or had to stop . out of breath 上氣不接下氣上氣不接下氣 關(guān)于關(guān)于breath

17、的短語：的短語： above ones breath 高聲地高聲地 catch ones breath 喘息，屏息喘息，屏息 get ones breath again 恢復(fù)常態(tài)恢復(fù)常態(tài) waste ones breath 白費(fèi)口舌白費(fèi)口舌 take breath 歇口氣歇口氣 hold ones breath 屏息屏息 Bear them in your mind! 12. my fellow students have accepted me. accept與與receive accept“接受接受, 接納接納”, 指經(jīng)過考慮指經(jīng)過考慮, 由由 主觀意志來決定接受主觀意志來決定接受, 動(dòng)作

18、者本身是動(dòng)作者本身是 主動(dòng)的。主動(dòng)的。 Think and compare: receive“接到接到, 收到收到”, 指客觀上收到。指客觀上收到。 He received many letters yesterday. I accepted his apologies. 13. All in all I have a good life. I am happy to have found many things I can do, like writing and computer programming. 總而言之總而言之, 我生活得挺好。我很高我生活得挺好。我很高 興地發(fā)現(xiàn)我能做許多事情

19、，比如寫作和興地發(fā)現(xiàn)我能做許多事情，比如寫作和 計(jì)算機(jī)編程。計(jì)算機(jī)編程。 1).all in all 總的來說總的來說 He has his faults, but all in all he is an honest man. 他有自己的缺點(diǎn)他有自己的缺點(diǎn), 但總體上看他還但總體上看他還 是誠實(shí)的。是誠實(shí)的。 與與all有關(guān)的短語：有關(guān)的短語： above all 首先首先 after all 畢竟畢竟 all alone 獨(dú)自獨(dú)自 all at once 突然突然 all told 總共總共 for all 盡管盡管 at all 根本不根本不, 一點(diǎn)也不一點(diǎn)也不 learn by hea

20、rt 2). to have found是不定式的完成式是不定式的完成式, 表表 示此動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。示此動(dòng)作發(fā)生在主句動(dòng)作之前。 考例考例 Leonardo da Vinci (14521519) _ birds kept in cages in order to have the pleasure of setting them free. (重慶重慶 07) A. is said to be buying B. is said to have bought C. had said to buy D. has said to have bought 14. I have a ver

21、y busy life with no time to sit around feeling sorry for myself. 我沒有時(shí)間閑坐著顧影自憐。我沒有時(shí)間閑坐著顧影自憐。 1) sit around/about 閑坐著閑坐著 Their school life is quite relaxed and they have time to sit around and gossip. 他們的學(xué)校生活很輕松他們的學(xué)校生活很輕松, 還還 有時(shí)間坐在那里閑聊。有時(shí)間坐在那里閑聊。 feeling sorry for myself是動(dòng)詞是動(dòng)詞-ing形式形式 構(gòu)成的短語構(gòu)成的短語, 在句中作

22、狀語在句中作狀語,表示伴隨的表示伴隨的 情況。情況。 She lay in bed staring at the last leaf on the tree. 她躺在床上，眼睛盯著樹上那她躺在床上，眼睛盯著樹上那 最后一片葉子。最后一片葉子。 The soldier came into the village riding a horse. 那士兵騎著馬進(jìn)了村子。那士兵騎著馬進(jìn)了村子。 15. In many ways my disability has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent. 在

23、許多方面，我身體的殘疾使我心里上在許多方面，我身體的殘疾使我心里上 變得更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、更加獨(dú)立。變得更加堅(jiān)強(qiáng)、更加獨(dú)立。 不定式有兩種不定式有兩種, 一種是帶一種是帶to的不定式，的不定式， 一種是不帶一種是不帶to的不定式的不定式, 某些動(dòng)詞如某些動(dòng)詞如let, make, have等后面就接不帶等后面就接不帶to的不定式。的不定式。 如：如： Let us both have a try and see if we can pass. I mean both of us. 咱倆都試試，看看能否通過，我是說我咱倆都試試，看看能否通過，我是說我 們兩個(gè)都試試。們兩個(gè)都試試。 I know we s

24、hould have left twenty minutes ago; Im sorry that I made you wait for me so long! 我知道我們我知道我們20分鐘前就應(yīng)該離開了分鐘前就應(yīng)該離開了, 對(duì)對(duì) 不起讓你久等了。不起讓你久等了。 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞help后面既可帶后面既可帶to, 也可以不帶也可以不帶to。 如上述例句也可以說如上述例句也可以說: helped me to grow stronger 但要注意使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)但要注意使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí), 這些動(dòng)詞后這些動(dòng)詞后 面不能省略面不能省略to。如：如： I know he was made to work all

25、 night but there was no other way. 我知道他是被迫整晚工作的我知道他是被迫整晚工作的, 但也沒有但也沒有 其他辦法。其他辦法。 16. Just accept them for who they are, and give them encouragement to live as rich and full a life as you do. 接受他們，給予他們鼓勵(lì)，讓他們能接受他們，給予他們鼓勵(lì)，讓他們能 像你一樣過得豐富多彩、充實(shí)美滿。像你一樣過得豐富多彩、充實(shí)美滿。 1) to live是一個(gè)不定式短語，在本句是一個(gè)不定式短語，在本句 中作定語。中作定

26、語。 2) “as+形容詞形容詞+as”的結(jié)構(gòu)是用來比較的結(jié)構(gòu)是用來比較 說明前后兩者在某方面相同。說明前后兩者在某方面相同。如：如： I think the temperature is as high today as it was yesterday. 我覺得今天氣溫與昨天的一樣高。我覺得今天氣溫與昨天的一樣高。 Look, a man whose face is as black as coal is coming towards us. 看看, 一個(gè)臉?biāo)泼禾堪愫诘娜顺覀冏咭粋€(gè)臉?biāo)泼禾堪愫诘娜顺覀冏?過來了。過來了。 這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可以是形容詞與名詞這種結(jié)構(gòu)有時(shí)也可以是形容詞與名詞

27、 連用，其中的形容詞必須放在冠詞之連用，其中的形容詞必須放在冠詞之 前，形成前，形成 “as+形容詞形容詞+a/an+名詞名詞+as” 的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：的結(jié)構(gòu)。如： He is as gentle a man as you could ever meet. 他是你所能遇到的最文雅的男人。他是你所能遇到的最文雅的男人。 It is as beautiful a day as it was yesterday. 今天的天氣與昨天的一樣晴朗。今天的天氣與昨天的一樣晴朗。 I. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字 母或漢語提示，寫出各單詞的正確形式。母或漢語提示，寫出各單詞的

28、正確形式。 1. I spilt your coffee. Sorry that was _ (笨拙的笨拙的) of me. 2. Some people think children a_ to new environments more easily than adults. 3. John is the top student in our class and his m_ is “Work hard, play hard.” clumsy adapt motto 4. The doctor was examining the blood samples under the _ (顯微鏡

29、顯微鏡) when he came in. 5. She was really _ (愚蠢的愚蠢的) to give up such a good position. 6. The little boy was anxious to join his f_ playing football in the playground. 7. You should buy some water _ (缸缸) for your fish rather than keep them in the bowls. microscope stupid fellows tanks II. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Jim made up a wonderful excuse to explain his _ (absent) from the meeting. 2. Mr. Smith, I hope you wont be _ (annoy) by all my questions. 3. If a country becomes _ (independence), it is no longer governed or ruled by another country. absence annoyed independent 4. The stu