倒裝講解.doc

基本語序-主語 + 謂語倒裝語序1. 謂語 + 主語 In came the teacher.2. 助動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語 + v.1). Never will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.2). Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.3). Not only am I interested in photography, but I took a course at university4). Only if you ask so many different questions will you acquire all the information you need .5). Here comes my list of “dos” and “donts”. 1. 倒裝句還用于疑問句、there be 結(jié)構(gòu)、感嘆句、某些祝愿語以及直接引語中。1). Why is listening so important?2).There are some flowers on the table.3). How beautiful the building is!4). May you succeed!5). Is it ready yet? asked Hu Xin.2 .以only修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句放句首時，要倒裝。1). Only when you have seen what he or she does, can you cover a story by yourself.2). Only then did I realize the importance of learning English.注意： 當(dāng)only修飾主語放句首時， 不倒裝。Eg: 1). 只有用這種方法，我們才能學(xué)好英語。 Only in this way, can we learn Eglish well. 2). 只有你才能克服這種困難。 Only you can overcome the difficulty.3.表示否定或半否定意義的副詞、連詞如 never, seldom, little, nowhere, not, not until, hardly.when，no sooner.than (一.就.） ，not only. but also等詞位于句首時需要倒裝。uNever will Zhou Yang forget his first assignment at the office of China Daily.1)._ I would see you here.A. Little I dream B. Little do I dream. C. I dream little D. Little did I dream(D)2).Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize. B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize(A)3).他不僅踢足球，而且還爬山(Not only放句首)Not only does he play football, but he climbs mountains.4. 由so / neither / nor置于句首，表示前面情況也適應(yīng)于后者時，要倒裝。*形式： so be neither + 助動詞 +主語 nor 情態(tài)動詞 My brother can swim. So can I.(My brother can swim. I can swim, too.)You asked him to leave, and so did I(我也是）.She isnt a reporter, and nor is Tom (湯姆也不是).* 如果后一句是表示對前面內(nèi)容的肯定或確認,so 表“確實”時，則不倒裝。uMary is very kind. So she is.u-John studies hard. - So he does.5.在so/suchthat(結(jié)果狀語從句)結(jié)構(gòu)中,so/such 放在句首時,須倒裝。uSo difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English well.A.I have felt B. have I feltC.I did feel D. did I feel(D)? So proud was he that he never listened to any advice.(He was so proud that .)? Such a good boy is he that we all love him.(He is such a good boy that .)6.為了使某種情景表達得生動形象，表示方向、地點的副詞或介詞短語 in, out, up, down, away, in front of, there, here,now, then south等位于句首時,句子需要完全倒裝。這類句子的謂語動詞多是come,go,fly, run等 u墻上掛有一幅畫(on the wall放句首。 On the wall hangs a picture.uOut rushed the students the moment the bell rang. uHere comes the bus.uUp and up goes the price.uUnder the tree sits a beautiful girl.注意：若主語為人稱代詞時，主謂語序不變。Eg:uThere he comes.uHere you are.Ex.1.The cuckoo flew off.Off flew the cuckoo.2.Many old castles are around the lake.Around the lake are many old castles.7.虛擬條件句的謂語動詞中含有were, had, should 時，若省略if,從句必須倒裝，把were, had, should提到主語前。 1).If you had taken the doctors advice,you would have recovered.Had you taken the doctors advice,. 2).If you should need more information,please let me know.Should you need more information, .Were I you, I would do the work better.= If I were you, I would .uHad you worked hard at your lessons，you would have passed the exam.=If you had worked hard at .8. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，從句須倒裝，即把表語，狀語或謂語動詞放在as之前。as可與though 互換，但though有不倒裝的情況。Try as he might, he didnt pass the exam=Though he might try, he didnt pass the exam.Hard as I studied, I could not catch up with them.uOld as they were, they stuck on working注意：如果單數(shù)名詞或形容詞最高級作表語，則不用冠詞。Though he is a child, he knows lots of things. (用as 改變句子)=Child as he is, he knows lots of things.True or false The youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best（F）Youngest9.平衡倒裝 ： 當(dāng)句子沒有賓語或者主語比較長，或者為了使上下文緊密銜接，常把狀語、表語放在句首，主語和謂語用完全倒裝形式。Eg: Happy indeed are those who receive this good news after a long silence.經(jīng)過很長時間的沉默后收到這條好消息，人們真是高興。倒裝句最突出、最常見的修辭效果就是強調(diào),其表現(xiàn)形式如下: 1. only +狀語或狀語從句置于句首, 主句用部分倒裝。 例1:Only in this way can you solve this problem. 只有用這種方法,你才可以解決這個問題。 例2:Only after he had spoken out the word did he realize he had made a big mistake.只有當(dāng)他已經(jīng)說出那個字后才意識到自己犯了個大錯誤。 例1. Only then_ how much damage had been caused? (06年陜西卷)A. she realized B. she had realizedC. had she realized D. did she realize 解析：only位于句首修飾狀語then，全句要進行部分倒裝， 由then又知道此時時態(tài)應(yīng)用一般過去時態(tài)。故正確答案為D。2. not, little, hardly, scarcely, no more, no longer, in no way, never, seldom, rarely,few, at no time, by no means, no longer, hardly/scarcely.when, no soonerthan, not onlybut also, not until, nowhere, neithernor等。等具有否定意義的詞或詞組位于句首,句子用部分倒裝。 例1: No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 我剛到家就下起了雨。 例2: Seldom do I go to work by bus. 我很少乘公共汽車上班。 例1. Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means_ with my progress. (06年重慶卷)A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied 解析：by no means意思是“決不，在任何情況下都不”，放在句首，句子要用部分倒裝。故正確答案為D。例2.Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner_ than it happened.(06年天津卷)A. had she gong B. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone 解析：no soonerthan意為“一就”，no sooner所在的主句常用過去完成時，that引導(dǎo)的從句用一般過去時，no表示否定意義。故正確答案為A。注意：not onlybut(also)連接兩個并列分句且包含否定意義的not only放于句首時，not only后的分句要進行部分倒裝, but (also)后的分句不進行倒裝。例3. Not only_ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it. (02年上海卷)A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are解析：not only位于句首，其后句子用部分倒裝的形式，而but also后的句子語序不倒裝。故正確答案為D。3.作狀語的介詞短語放于句首時引起的句子要全部倒裝。有時為了強調(diào)將作狀語的介詞短語放在句首，而將主語放到句末；或者當(dāng)句子中主語較長時，為了使句子平衡，常以作狀語的介詞短語開頭。例1. At the foot of the mountain_.(06年四川卷)A. a village lie B. lies a villageC. does a village lie D. lying a village 解析：介詞短語at the foot of the mountain位于句首，句子用全部倒裝，其時態(tài)應(yīng)為一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。故正確答案為B。 例2. Just in front of our house_ with a history of 1,000 years. (06年上海卷)A. does a tall tree stand B. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standing D. a tall tree stands解析：介詞短語位于句首，句子用全部倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。故正確答案為B。4. so/suchthat結(jié)構(gòu)中的so, such連同它所修飾的成分共同位于句首表示強調(diào)時,主句要進行部分倒裝。例1:So unreasonable was his price that everybody startled. 他的要價太離譜,令每個人都瞠目結(jié)舌。 例2:To such length did she go in rehearsal that the two actors walked out. 她的彩排進行得那么長, 以致于那兩個演員都走出去了。例1. So difficult_ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (06年廣東卷)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found解析: so位于句首且so修飾difficult,主句部分進行部分倒裝，整句為一般過去時態(tài)。故正確答案為B。5. soneithernor表示前面所說的情況也適合于后者時用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)“soneithernor助動詞系動詞情態(tài)動詞主語”（so表示肯定意義，neithernor表示否定意義）的形式。例1. Its burning hot today, isnt it? Yes. _ yesterday. (06年福建卷) A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it 解析: so在這里表示昨天的天氣情況也跟今天的一樣。故正確答案為A。例2. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible. _. (04年全國卷) A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I 解析:前句表示否定,則后句也應(yīng)表示否定,根據(jù)上一句的情態(tài)動詞,第二句中也應(yīng)該用情態(tài)動詞would。故正確答案為B。但是，如果so表示強調(diào)，即強調(diào)前面所說的情況的真實性時，其結(jié)構(gòu)則是“so主語助動詞系動詞情態(tài)動詞”的形式，這里的主語同前一個句子的主語指的是同一人或物。如：例3. Well，I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast. (05年遼寧卷) _. A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does 解析：肯定前一句話中的賓語從句“the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal”, so引導(dǎo)的句子不進行倒裝，而且so引導(dǎo)的句子中謂語動詞要與該賓語從句中的謂語動詞相一致。故正確答案為A。6. As/though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句要用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。即as / though引導(dǎo)的讓步從句中必須將表語或狀語提前（形容詞、副詞、分詞、實義動詞提前），構(gòu)成“形容詞/副詞/名詞/動詞/分詞+as/though+主語+謂語的其它部分”的形式。例1._, he talks a lot about his favorites singers after class.(05年重慶卷)A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may be D. Quiet as he may be a student 解析：整個表語部分quiet student提在as之前并且名詞student前的冠詞a要省略。故正確答案為B。例2. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John.(01年上海卷)A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled so muchC. Much as I have traveled D. As I have traveled so much解析：本題中從句與主句之間存在明顯的讓步關(guān)系，故需要選擇由as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句，并且要將副詞much提前進行倒裝。故正確答案為C。使用as/though進行倒裝時需要注意的是：句首有名詞時，名詞不能帶任何冠詞。句首是實義動詞時，其他助動詞則放在主語之后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語，則賓語和狀語隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。如:Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.雖然他盡了努力，但他的工作總做的不盡人意。7.非真實條件句中的倒裝。即在非真實條件句中含有were, had, should等助動詞時，可以將if省略，把助動詞放在非真實條件句的句首的倒裝形式。例1._ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.(06年湖北卷)A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be解析：該句中條件句為非真實條件句，省略if且表示與將來事實相反。故正確答案為B。例2. _ for the free ticket, I would not have gone to see the film.(95年上海卷)A. If it is not B. Were it not C. Had it not been D. If they were not解析：該條件句中省略if,且表達與過去事實相反。故正確答案為C。 由高考考點的穩(wěn)定性可知，只要我們掌握了倒裝句這七種重要的考查形式，熟悉其解題規(guī)律，就能夠在復(fù)習(xí)時極大的提高復(fù)習(xí)效率。高考英語倒裝句常見考點匯總1. 考查never置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞never置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案分別為BA)(1) Never in my wildest dreams _these people are living in such poor conditions. (安徽卷)A. I could imagineB. could I imagine C. I couldnt imagine D. couldnt I imagine(2) Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. (上海卷)A. has this city been B. this city has been C. was this cityD. this city was2. 考查little置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞little置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案分別為DD)(1) Little _ that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. (安徽卷)A. he realizedB. he didnt realize C. didnt he realize D. did he realize(2) They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German (天津卷)A. have B. did C. had D. do 3. 考查seldom置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞seldom置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案分別為BA)(1) Seldom _ any apology when mistakes are made. A. we receive B. do we receive C. we received D. did we receive(2) Seldom _ an article that was so full of lies.A. have I read B. I have read C. had I read D. I had read4. 考查hardly / scarcely置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞hardly, scarcely等置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為A)(from )Hardly _ Edinburgh than they were ordered to return to London. A. had they reachedB. they had reached C. have the reached D. they have reached5. 考查no sooner等置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)no sooner, no longer等結(jié)構(gòu)置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案分別為AC)(1) Did Linda see the traffic accident?No, no sooner _ than it happened. (天津卷)A. had she goneB. she had gone C. has she gone D. she has gone(2) No sooner _ mowing the lawn than it started raining.A. have I startedB. I have started C. had I started D. I had started6. 考查nowhere置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)否定副詞nowhere置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為A)(from )Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _such a beautiful place. (2004遼寧卷)A. can you find B. you could find C. you can findD. could you find7. 考查by no means等置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)表示否定意義的副詞性短語by no means, on no accounts, in no case, at no time等置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為D)Ive tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means _ with my progress. (重慶卷)A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfiedC. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied8. 考查not only置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)not onlybut also句式的not only部分置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為B)_ snacks and drinks but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest. (上海)A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring9. 考查not until置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)notuntil句式轉(zhuǎn)換成not until且置于句首時，其后的主句部分習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為B)(from )Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didnt I realizeB. did I realize C. I didnt realize D. I realized10. 考查“only+狀語”置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)“only+狀語”置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為DA)(1) Only then _ how much damage had been caused. (陜西卷)A. she realizedB. she had realized C. had she realized D. did she realize(2) _ by keeping down costs will Power Data hold its advantage over other companies. (浙江卷)A. Only B. Just C. Still D. Yet11. 考查“so+形容詞”置于句首時的倒裝當(dāng)sothat句式的“so+形容詞”部分置于句首時，其后習(xí)慣上要用倒裝語序(與一般疑問句形式相同)。如：(答案為BB)(1) _ that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere. (陜西卷)A. So successful her business was B. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successful D. So was her successful business(2) So difficult _ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (廣東卷)A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found12. 考查類似“so do I”結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝So do I這類結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是前面提出的某一肯定的情況，后者也同樣適用，通常可譯為“也一樣”“也是如此”。如：(答案為CA(1) My room gets very cold at night. _. (江蘇卷)A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does(2) Its burning hot today, isnt it?Yes. _ yesterday. (福建卷)A. So was it B. So it was C. So it is D. So is it13. 考查類似“nor / neither do I”結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝nor neither do I這類結(jié)構(gòu)表示的是前面提出的某一否定的情況，后者也同樣適用，通常可譯為“也一樣”“也是如此”。如：(答案為B)If Joes wife wont go to the party, _. (全國II)A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will1. I finally got the job I dreamed about. Never in my life _ so happy.（NMET2000）A. did I feel B. I felt C. I had felt D. had I felt2. Not a single song _ at yesterdays party.（2000年上海）A. she sang B. sand she C. did she sing D. she did sing3. _ can you expect to get a pay rise.（2000年北京春季）A. With hard work B. Although work hardC. Only with hard work D. Now that he works hard4. Only when the war was over _ to his hometown.（2001上海春季）A. did the young soldier return B. the young soldier returnedC. returned the young soldier D. the young soldier did return5. You forgot your purse when you went out.Good heavens! _.（2002上海）A. so did I B. so I did C. I did so D. I so did6. Not only _ interested in football but _ beginning to show an interest in it.（2002上海春季）A. the teacher himself is; all his students areB. the teacher himself is; are all his studentsC. is the teacher himself; are all his studentsD. is the teacher himself; all his students are7. The old couple have been married for 40 years and never once _ with each other.（NMET2003）A. they had quarreled B. they have quarreledC. have they quarreled D. had they quarreled8. _ snacks and drinks, but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.（2004上海）A. Not only they brought B. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought they D. Not only they did bring9. I failed in the last examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies.（2004重慶）A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize10. Of the making of good books there is no end; neither _ any end to their influence on mans lives.（2004廣東）A. there is B. there are C. is there D. are there11. Maybe you have been to many countries, but nowhere else _ such a beautiful palace. （2004遼寧）A. can you find B. you could find C. you can find D. could you find12. I would never come to this restaurant again. The food is terrible._.（2004廣西）A. Nor am I B. Neither would I C. Same with me D. So do I13. Mary never does any reading in the evening, _.（NMET2005）A. so does John B. John does too C. John doesnt too D. nor does John14. Never before _ in greater need of modern public transport than it is today. （2005上海）A. has this city been B. this city has beenC. was this city D. this city has15. They have a good knowledge of English but little _ they know about German.（2005天津）A. have B. did C. had D. do16. Well, I do think the rabbit is a beautiful, gentle animal which can run very fast._.（2005遼寧）A. So it is B. So is it C. So does it D. So it does17. In the dark forest _, some large enough to hold several English towns.（2005遼寧）A. stand many lakes B. lie many lakes C. many lakes lie D. many lakes stand18. Only after my friend came _.（2005福建）A. did the computer repair B. he repaired the computerC. was the computer repaired D. the computer was repaired19. Father, you promised!Well, _. But it was you who didnt keep your word first.（2005湖北）A. so was I B. so did I C. so I was D. so I did20. _, he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.（2005重慶）A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student21. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party._, and so did I.（2005安徽）A. So she had B. So had she C