教師參考指南.doc

Hold Your Head Up High 教學(xué)參考指南一、教學(xué)目標(biāo)(Teaching Aims)1. 知識(shí)技能（Knowledge）通過(guò)導(dǎo)入交流和文本閱讀，學(xué)生將接觸并理解新詞匯：twist, scar, ,academically, spark, encounter, compassion, distort, stitch, , remark, , intelligence, generation。在文本解讀過(guò)程中學(xué)生將逐步理解并掌握以下新詞匯：wisdom, abnormal, embarrassing, elect, attempt, recognize, appreciate, rely on, bump into, tend to do.2. 語(yǔ)言技能（Language Skills）Use the different reading skills (skimming, scanning, etc)to deal with different tasks具體目標(biāo)為：1.學(xué)生能在進(jìn)行文眼的搜尋、明暗兩條線的探索過(guò)程中了解全文結(jié)構(gòu)，預(yù)測(cè)文章內(nèi)容和深層含義。2.學(xué)生能通過(guò)對(duì)文本的研讀，了解英語(yǔ)散文常用的幾種表現(xiàn)手法，如比喻、排比、雙關(guān)、反復(fù)和象征等。3.學(xué)生能通過(guò)優(yōu)美句子的賞析體現(xiàn)了文本語(yǔ)言的豐富性；通過(guò)及最后的仿寫，將優(yōu)美的語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行運(yùn)用。3. 學(xué)習(xí)策略(Learning Strategies)通過(guò)讀前、讀時(shí)和讀后活動(dòng)的參與，學(xué)生將獨(dú)立解決一些問(wèn)題，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化自主探究學(xué)習(xí)策略。同時(shí)進(jìn)行同桌、小組討論，進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化合作學(xué)習(xí)策略。通過(guò)師生交流和生生交流，學(xué)生將充分感受到交際學(xué)習(xí)策略在學(xué)習(xí)過(guò)程中的作用。4. 情感態(tài)度與文化意識(shí)(Affections& Cultural Awareness)(1) Cooperate with other group members to complete different tasks together.(2)學(xué)生能理解文章主旨,在情感上產(chǎn)生共鳴，并運(yùn)用到最后的寫作中去。二、教學(xué)重難點(diǎn)1. 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解散文的文體特點(diǎn)。2. 對(duì)文章優(yōu)美語(yǔ)言的賞讀,及仿寫。3. 對(duì)文章主線、文眼的把握和對(duì)主旨的理解。4. 引導(dǎo)學(xué)生了解散文的典型表現(xiàn)手法。教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)（Teaching Procedures）Step 1: Lead-in:Lead in by telling students a story, and ask them to guess the meanings of some new words. Once John was a carefree（無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的） kid, but unfortunately he left a scar（傷疤）on his face because of an accident, leaving his face twisted（扭曲的）. He said it was embarrassing （尷尬的）to bump into （偶然遇到）someone who cant accept his appearance. Encountering (遇到；對(duì)抗) a lot of difficulty, John, in all of his wisdom （智慧；明智）, devoted his energy to the study. As a result, he was successful academically (學(xué)術(shù)地) but not socially（交際地、社會(huì)地）.And still, he felt himself abnormal （不正常的）. 【注意空格】 Can you write him a letter to encourage him? 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】: 通過(guò)自己好友John的故事進(jìn)行導(dǎo)入，更能激起學(xué)生情感上的共鳴；利用猜詞，幫助學(xué)生做好了相關(guān)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的鋪墊；最后一個(gè)問(wèn)題的提出，也為閱讀后creative-writing的設(shè)計(jì)埋下伏筆。Pre-reading1. A brief introduction of the essay.2. The distinguishing feature of an essay.3. Three aspects of analyzing an essay.【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】: 1. 幫助學(xué)生認(rèn)知散文這一文體“形散而神不散”的特點(diǎn)。2. 幫助學(xué)生了解賞析散文，通常會(huì)從散文的結(jié)構(gòu)，散文的表現(xiàn)手法和散文的語(yǔ)言三方面入手。Fast-reading1. How many parts can the passage be divided into?2.Whats the main idea of each part?Suggested answers: Part 1(para1-para2) :The author was badly hurt in her eyes, so she had no self-confidence.Part2(para3-6) : The author was finally successful in her life, study and love with her mothers encouragement.Part3(para7): Mothers words was passed from generation to generation追問(wèn)：What does the encouragement refer to ?Suggested answers: Hold your head up high【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】:點(diǎn)撥閱讀技巧利用skimming, 掃讀全文，迅速把握文本的框架，通過(guò)追問(wèn)，引出文本的寫作明線。Careful-reading1. Read Para 1&2 and answer the following questions:What happened to me when I was fifteen months?Suggested answers: I had a bad fall and landed on a glass rabbit, which cut my eye badly enough to blind it.How was my life before the accident?Suggested answers: I was a happy carefree kid.After the accident, can you find some adjectives to describe my eyes?Suggested answers: My sightless, cloudy and gray eye lived on with me.What was my feeling at that time?Suggested answers: I was sad/disappointed/desperate.What did I do in my life at that time ?Suggested answers: I walked with my face looking at the floor so people would not see the ugly me imagined that everyone looked at me with disdain, as if my appearance were my fault.Conclusion: I have lost _ (confidence) both in mind and action. 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】: 學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)一、二兩段的仔細(xì)研讀，學(xué)會(huì)比較作者受傷前后的變化，感知她心理和行動(dòng)上都對(duì)生活失去信心，繼而引出文章的主題即母親的鼓勵(lì) “Hold your head up”2. Read para3-6 and try to fill in the formMy experienceMothers wordsMy understandingWhen I was youngI wanted to hideIf you hold your head up high, it will be ok, and people will see your beautiful soulBe careful or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking.As a youthI tended to look down to hide my shame. If you hold your head up high, it will be ok, and people will see your beautiful soul.When I held my head up high and let people know me, they liked me.When in high schoolI was successful, but I still felt like an abnormal person.Hold your head up high and face the world.I began to realize that by letting people look at my face, I let them recognize the intelligence and beauty behind both eyes even if they couldnt see it on the surface. When I met the manWe looked each other straight in the eye and he told me I was beautiful inside and outI learned not only to appreciate myself but to have deep compassion for others. Whats the eye of the essay?Suggested answers: Hold your head up high.Whats the over plot of the essay?Suggested answers: Hold your head up high.Whats the cover plot of the essay?Suggested answers: The cover plot of the essay should be the changes of my understandings to mothers words.【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】抓住主人公人生中幾個(gè)關(guān)鍵的節(jié)點(diǎn)，將3-6段內(nèi)容整理成一張表格。一方面學(xué)生梳理段落要點(diǎn)和信息搜索的能力能得到鍛煉；另一方面，通過(guò)對(duì)表格的整合，學(xué)生也能體會(huì)文本中反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的明線以及主人公情感變化這一暗線。Free talkAccording to the writer, what does he try to convey through the sentence “Hold your head up high and face the world.”?Suggested answers: It means even if we may face misfortune, encounter many problems; we should learn to appreciate ourselves and face the world bravely. 【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】這一環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)置，主要是學(xué)生通過(guò)對(duì)這一關(guān)鍵句的分析，對(duì)文本主題進(jìn)行了回顧、總結(jié)和升華。Creative writing After reading the essay, lets write a letter to encourage John who felt discouraged because of his disability.Dear John,I know you are discouraged these days. Here Id like to introduce an essay to you, which was also written by a disabled but successful lady. She had an accident and cut her eye badly. Trying to save the eye（試圖挽救她的眼睛）,the doctors stitched the eyeball together, leaving a big ugly scar（留下又大又丑的疤）in the middle of her eyes. She grew up imaging（想象） that everyone looked at her with disdain, as if（好像） her appearance were her fault. Yet her Mama would always encourage her to hold her head up high and face the world. Her mamas words taught her how to let others recognize the intelligence and beauty behind both eyes（意識(shí)到雙眼背后的美麗與智慧） even if they couldnt see it on the surface. Her mamas love and encouragement were the spark that gave her the confidence to overcome her doubt（是給予她信心去克服各種疑惑的火星）. She had faced misfortune, （遭遇過(guò)不幸），encountered many problems（碰到過(guò)許多問(wèn)題）, and learned not only to appreciate （欣賞） herself but to have deep compassion for (深深地同情) others. I hope you can also be affected by the essay and lead a happy life again.【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】：緊密結(jié)合文本主旨、語(yǔ)言和寫作技巧，激發(fā)學(xué)生情感，訓(xùn)練學(xué)生對(duì)于優(yōu)美句型的掌握。Extensive writingWhat do you think is the most important quality for the disabled to lead a happy life in our society?Suggested answers: optimistic / confident / strong-willed / independent.Try to tell us a story about the disabled who owns one of the qualities above?【設(shè)計(jì)意圖】輸入的目的是為輸出服務(wù)的。因此這一環(huán)節(jié)的設(shè)置是讓學(xué)生將對(duì)文本的理解上升生活實(shí)際相結(jié)合，并作出反思，這是一種真實(shí)而有效的反饋。Smile to lifeMy uncle became deaf when he was ten years old because of a serious disease. Felling desperate, he left himself alone in the study, refusing to communicate with others. And as he grew, this disability in so many ways controlled him. Yet my father would say to him, at every turn, open your heart and smile to life It became a belief that my uncle relied on. As a youth, even though he tended to look down to hide himself, he found that sometimes when smiling to others, they would talk to him actively. In high school my uncle would also meet some difficulty. When things got really bad, he would repeat the belief, open your heart and smile to life These words helped him begin to realize that by being optimistic, people will recognize his intelligence and wisdom thoroughly.Just like my uncle said that my fathers encouragement was the spark that gave him the confidence to communicate with others, helped him to learn not only to appreciate himself but to have deep compassion for others. Now thanks to the belief, my uncle was successful both academically and socially.Extensive reading You Have Only One LifeSuggested answers to after-reading questi