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reading unit1greatscientists warmingup therearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld canyounamesomeofthem whatkindofroledotheyplayinthefieldofscience dotheseachievementshaveanythingincommon matchtheinventionswiththeirinventorsbelowbeforeyouanswerallthesequestions alexanderbellelectricitythomasedisonthefirsttelephonelaitebrotherstheelectriclampmadamecurieblackholesinuniversefranklintheoryofgravitystevenhawkingthefirstplaneelberteinsteinradiumisaacnewtonthetheoryofrelativity whoishe heis archimedes 阿基米德 whichscientistdiscoveredthatobjectsinwaterareliftedupbyaforcethathelpsthemfloat charlesdarwin whoishe heis whowroteabookexplaininghowanimalsandplantsdevelopedastheenvironmentchanged thomasnewcomen whoishe heis whoinventedthefirststeamengine gregormendel whoishe heis whousedpeastoshowhowphysicalcharacteristicsarepassedfromparentstotheirchildren mariecurie whoishe heis whodiscoveredradium thomasedison whoishe heis whoinventedthewayofgivingelectricitytoeverybodyinlargecities leonardodavinci whoishe heis whowasthepainterthatstudieddeadbodiestoimprovehispaintingofpeople humphrydavy whoishe heis whoinventedalamptokeepminerssafeunderground 張衡 whoishe heis whoinventedtheearliestinstrumenttotellpeoplewhereearthquakeshappened stephenhawking whoishe heis whoputforwardatheoryaboutblackholes lookatthepicture thetitleandthemap guesswhatthecontentofthetextis thenskimitquicklytoseeifyouareright whenwewanttosolvesomeproblem firstweshouldfindtheproblem dosomeresearchonit proveyourfinding andthenmakeaconclusion thisisascientificandobjectivewayofresearching 1 whatorderwouldyouputthesevenin pre reading pleaseputthe7stagesinrightorderaccordingtothepassage infectiousdiseasescanbespreadtootherpeople theyhaveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem 2 whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdiseases peoplemaybeexposedtoaninfectiousdiseases somayanimals suchasbirdflu aids sarsareinfectiousdiseases infectiousdiseasesaredifficulttocure choleraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledvariancholera ifinfectspeople sintestines 腸胃 causingdiarrhea 腹瀉 vomiting 嘔吐 andlegcramps 小腿抽筋 3 whatdoyouknowaboutcholera themostcommoncauseofcholeraisbysomeoneeatingfoodordrinkingwaterthathasbeencontaminated 污染 withthebacteria choleracanbemild 不嚴重的 orevenwithoutsymptoms 癥狀 butaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatelytreatment johnsnowdefeats kingcholera getthemainideaofthepassage themainideaofthispassageisthatjohnsnowfoundoutthecauseofthediseasecalledcholerawhichwasadeadlydiseaseinlondoninthe19thcentury withsnow sgreatefforts thediseasewasfinallyundercontrol groupdiscussion 1 johnsnowbelievedidea2wasright howdidheproveit johnsnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater 2 doyouthinkjohnsnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap no themaphelpedjohnsnoworganizehisideas hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwater drinkinghabits heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause 3 choleraisa19thcenturydisease whatd
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