湖南省長沙市2015年中考英語試題及答案

2015 年長沙市初中畢業(yè)水平考試試卷英語解析 知識運(yùn)用（兩部分，共 20 題，計 20 分） 第一節(jié) 語法填空 從 A， B， C 三個選項中選擇最佳答案填空（共 10 小題，計 10 分） 難度 ： 21.-_ I use your dictionary? - Of course. But please return it to me before you leave. A. Must B. Need C. May 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】情態(tài)動詞 【解析】這是個情態(tài)動詞表語氣的?？碱}。 need 和 must 不能表請求語氣，答案鎖定 C 22. There is _ wrong with my back and it hurts seriously. A. anything B. something C. nothing 【答案】 B 【考點(diǎn)】不定代詞 【解析】根據(jù)句意后面的 it hurts seriously 可知這個句子是一個肯定句， A 項用于否定句和 疑問句和 C 選項用于否定句，答案鎖定 B 23. Its necessary for us _ to our parents when we have problems. A. to talk B. talking C. talk 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】固定句型 【解析】由固定句型“ It is +adj+for sb to do sth”, “做某事對于某人來說是 -” ,可知答案選 A 24. Will you see the film Cinderella with us tonight? - No, I _it last week. A. see B. have seen C. saw 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】時態(tài) 【解析】從答句后面的 last week 可知該句要用一般過去時，答案鎖定 C 25. Rose, could you please water the flowers in the garden? -Why _? You see, my brother is listening to music. A. me B. I C. mine 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】代詞 【解析】根據(jù)句義“為什么是我”，排除 C，再根據(jù)疑問詞后面要用賓語，答案鎖定 A 26. Jane Zhang is going to hold a concert here in July. - Really? _ exciting news! A. How B. What an C. What 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】感嘆句 【解析】感嘆句的做題方法為，去主謂然后找名詞。觀察感嘆句的部分，省略了主謂 it is。 剩下的 exciting news 當(dāng)中包含了一個名詞 news,因此要填 what.由于 news 是一個不 可數(shù)名詞，所以不需要冠詞。 27.- I called you last night , but you didnt answer. - Sorry, Grace. I_I am A Singer when the phone rang. A. am watching B. was watching C. have watched 【答案】 B 【考點(diǎn)】時態(tài) 【解析】這道時態(tài)題考查的是語境和時態(tài)的結(jié)合。第一個人昨晚說打電話沒人接，第二個人 回答是說昨晚那個時候他正在看我是歌手，根據(jù)情境可判定為過去進(jìn)行時。 28. _he had failed many times, he didnt give up and succeeded in the end. A. Unless B. Although C. If 【答案】 B 【考點(diǎn)】狀語從句 /連詞 【解析】觀察選項發(fā)現(xiàn)時幾個邏輯詞，要做的就是判斷兩句之間的前后關(guān)系。前面說他失敗了很多次，后面說他沒放棄。是存在一個相反的讓步關(guān)系。 29. There will be _ cars in the city because people will prefer the subway. A. fewer B. less C. more 【答案】 A 【考點(diǎn)】代詞 【解析】這道題是要結(jié)合語境的一道代詞題。在 because 后面說到人們將會選擇乘坐地鐵， 所以應(yīng)該是越來越少的車。因此可以排除 C。再者， car 為可數(shù)名詞，要用 few 的 比較級。 30. Could you tell me _the Dragon Boat Festival in China? -Sure. People usually watch the dragon boat races and eat zongzi. A. when do people celebrate B. why people celebrate C. how people celebrate 【答案】 C 【考點(diǎn)】賓語從句 【解析】賓語從句的考點(diǎn)基本為語序，時態(tài)和疑問詞。根據(jù)語序可馬上把 A 排除。再看句意。第二個說話者說人們經(jīng)?？待堉郾荣惡统贼兆樱f明問的是如何過端午。因此要選擇 how 開頭的疑問句。 第二節(jié) 詞語填空通讀下面的短文， 掌握其大意，然后從各題所給的 A,B,C 三個選項中選出最佳答案（共 10 小題， 計 10 分） 難度 ： I am not a brave girl, and even a little mouse scares(驚嚇 ) me. _31_ Ive been crazy about bungee jumping(蹦極 ). One day, I found a good place for this exicing_32_in Thailand by surfingthe Internet. I packed my bag and flew there. However, I had no idea how to get to the addresslisted on the_33_. I called them and took a taxi, but the taxi driver didnt know the way, either. He dropped me halfway. Having bought some bread, I had to wait for the car that was supposed to pick me up. Justthen a young man jumped out of a car and asked if I was Jenny. Then we _34_ to the bungee jumping place. I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car. I quickly signed an agreement which said I I might die, and_35_ a harness(安全帶 ). The guide led me through a gate, asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my _36_ andankles(踝 )well。 I was nervous but not scared. As soon as I stood up and felt my ankles _37_ together, I got scared, I walked slowly to the edge(邊 ) of the bridge and looked back. The workers looked atme and couldnt help laughing. At last it was time to go. So I jumped as _38_ forward as I could. At that moment my memory seemed to stop. I felt _39_ going up, like riding a fast lift,and them another drop and Finally, I stopped in the air. I spread my arms wide, laughing loudly and _40_. The workers pulled me up, smiling at me. 31. A. But B. Or C. So 32. A. task B. sport C. subject 33. A. magazine B. newspaper C. website 34. A. walked B. ran C. drove 35. A. put out B. put on C. put off 36. A. legs B. ears C. eyes 37. A. tied B. divided C. spread 38. A. close B. far C. short 39. A. themselves B. himself C. myself 40. A. sadly B. angrily C. proudly 31. 【答案】 A 【解析】邏輯題。文中第一句提到作者并不是一個勇敢的人（ I am not a brave girl, and even a little mouse scares(驚嚇 ) me） 31 題句中又提到作者對蹦極這項運(yùn)動十分狂熱。（ Ive been crazy about bungee jumping(蹦極 ).證明前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此答案選 A。B 選項表示并列關(guān)系； C 選項表示因果關(guān)系。 32. 【答案】 B 【解析】邏輯題。文中 One day, I found a good place for this exicing_32_in Thailand 的 “this”指代前文的 “bungee jump” 而蹦極應(yīng)該是一項體育運(yùn)動，因此選 B。 A 選項 task 表示任務(wù)； C 選項 subject 表示科目。 33. 【答案】 C 【解析】邏輯題。前文提到作者是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò) 找到蹦極的地方（ I found a good place for this exicing_32_in Thailand by surfing the Internet.）因此該空對應(yīng)的是 website。 A 選項 magazine 表示雜志； B 選項 newspaper 表示報紙。 34. 【答案】 C 【解析】邏輯題。文中第二段最后一句提到作者是通過車窗看到了外面的景色（ I was amazed by the sights along the road through the window of the car.）因此證明作者是開車去的蹦極地點(diǎn)。所以選擇 C 選項。 A 選項 walk 表示走路； B 選項 ran 表示跑步。 35. 【答案】 B 【解析】語法題。根據(jù)文中邏輯，作者應(yīng)該是系上安全帶。 B 選項 put on 表示穿上，系上； A選項 putout 表示熄滅，撲滅； C 選項 put off 表示推遲。 36. 【答案】 【解析】邏輯題。 36 空后的 and 表示并且關(guān)系。 and 后面提到作者被綁著的時腳踝（ asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my _36_ and ankles(踝 ) well）根據(jù)實際情況可推測該空填 legs。 37. 【答案】 A 【解析】邏輯題。第三段最后一句提到作者蹦極前腳被綁在一起 (The guide led me through a gate, asked me to sit in a special seat and tied my _36_ and ankles(踝 ) well), 因此作者站起來后應(yīng)該是感覺到自己的腳踝被綁在一起。所以選 A， tie 表示綁，系的意思； B 選項 divided 表示分開。 C 選項 spread 表示傳播的意思。 38. 【答案】 B 【解析】邏輯題。根據(jù)生活常識，蹦極應(yīng)該是往遠(yuǎn)的地方跳所以選 B。 39. 【答案】 C 【解析】語法題。作者是自己感到有飛起來的感覺。因此填 myself。 40. 【答案】 C 邏輯題。前文提到作者在蹦極前表現(xiàn)出緊張不安，最后終于戰(zhàn)勝自己完成了這次蹦極。因此作者是對自己感到非常的自豪。所以選擇 C。 A 選項 sadly 表示悲傷地 B 選項 angrily 表示生氣地。 .閱讀技能（三部分，共 25 題，計 50 分） 第一節(jié) 閱讀理解閱讀下列圖表，從每題所給的 A、 B、 C 三個選項中，選出最佳選項回答或完成句子。 A 難度 ： English Teachers Wanted Dear Sir/Madam, Our school set up in 2012 is a high school. Now there is an urgent(迫切的 ) need for English teachers. We have posted(發(fā)布 ) our advertisement on our website. You can visit http:/www.wenhuaschool. com or call Alex at 845-6789 for more information. If you are interested, please send your resume(簡歷 ) to us, and we will reply as soon as possible. You should: love teaching speak fluent (流利的 ) English be good at computer skills have good communication skills 41. How can you get more information about the advertisement? A. By visiting the website of Wenhua school. B. By calling Mike at 845-6789. C. By sending your resume to the school. 【答案】 A 【解析】在文章第三行能得出答案。 B 選項中 Mike 錯了，應(yīng)該是 Alex。 C 選項中不是屬于尋求更多內(nèi)容的方式 . 42. Which of the following is not required according to the advertisement? A. Good computer skills. B. Good communication skills. C. At least three-year teaching experience. 【答案】 C 【解析】從 you should 后可以看出， C 選項不在必要條件內(nèi)。 B 難度 ： Missing since: June 3,2015 Produce :young(2 years old), curly hair, shy Last seen: Wuyi Square Please contact(聯(lián)系 )： Sarah 839-6722 Please do not run after the dog. It may run in fear. Lost and found items(物件 )will be displayed(陳列 )in the school hall. On Friday , June 15, 2015 During lunch 12:30-1:30 Parents: If you know that your child has lost something , please remind(提醒 )himor her. You are also welcome to have a look. 43.What is Poodle like? A. Its brave B. Its lovely C. Its shy 【答案】 C 【解析】在 produce 中可以找出答案。 44.From the chart(圖表 )above , we know that_. A. Poodle was lost two years ago B. we can call Sarah or email her if we find Poodle C. parents are not allowed to look at the display on June 15,2015 【答案】 B 【解析】 A 選項中， Poodle 丟失的時間是 June 3,2015； C 選項中，應(yīng)該是允許。 45. How long will the display last? A. Half an hour B. An hour C. Two hours 【答案】 B 【解析】根據(jù) During lunch 12:30-1:30 可知，是一個小時。 第二節(jié) 短文理解 閱讀下列短文， 從每題所給的 A、 B、 C 三個選項中，選出最佳選項回答問題或完成句子。（共 15 小題，計 30 分） A 難度 ： China is a nation of etiquette(禮儀 ). Chinese people are among the mosthospitable people in the world. If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests. When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks(小吃 ) like biscuits or candy. Someone in the family will also chat with you, never letting you feel lonely. At the same time, other family members will prepare a meal for you. Chinese people treat (款待 ) their guests with a big meal. They always present more food than the guest can eat. On the table, the guests must be the first to eat. Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which wont happen at western tables. The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home. As you are done eating, the host usually says,”It seems that you didnt eat much. Please have more.” Although you tell them you are full, they still put more food in your bowl. Being warm and hospitable has long been an important part of Chinese culture and tradition.As Confucius (孔子 ) said thousands of years ago: To meet friends from after How happy we are! 46. What does the underline word “hospitable” mean in this passage. A.好客的 B. 勤勞的 C.樸實的 【答案】 A 【解析】猜詞題。詞義猜詞的解題技巧首 先先定位到文章所在的句子“ Chinese people are among the most hospitable people in the world.” 然后第二步就是根據(jù)這個詞匯的上下句進(jìn)行推測。所以我們從文章的第一句話“ China is a nation of etiquette”（中國是一個禮儀之邦）和“ If foreigners visit a Chinese family, they would be surprised at the warmth that they would receive as guests.”（如果外國人去到了中國人家里去做客，他們會被中國人的熱情而感到吃驚）。從關(guān)鍵詞“ warmth” ; “ as guests”可以推測 hospitable 可能是好客的意思，再根據(jù)最后一段第一句“ Being warm and hospitable has long been ”我們看出， and 作為并列詞連接了 warm 和 hospitable，說明這兩個單詞為同義詞， warm 是溫暖的，所以最后我們可以確定答案為 C。本題難度：較易 47. As a guest in a Chinese family, you are usually offered_ by the host. A. coffee and snacks B. juice and snacks C. tea and snacks 【答案】 C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。本題的解題技巧是先定位。定位到與題干相關(guān)的信息句，即第二段第一句和第二句 “When you visit a Chinese family, the host usually makes tea for you. Then he will serve you snacks(小吃 ) like biscuits or candy.”其中 “the host usually makes tea for you”（主人通常會為你沏茶）對應(yīng)選項的單詞 tea; 繼續(xù)往后看 ,“he will serve you snacks” （他將用小吃招待你）不僅對應(yīng)了題干中的 “you are usually offered_ by the host”（主人經(jīng)常會提供 給你）還對應(yīng)了 C 選項的 snacks。所以綜 合這兩句話，答案確定為 C。本題難度：較易 48. Why does a western visitor feel surprised when the host picks food for him? A. Because he thinks its not polite. B. Because he thinks its not necessary. C. Because it wont happen in western countries. 【答案】 C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。解答細(xì)節(jié)題通常第一步是進(jìn)行定位，找到與題干相關(guān)的信息句，本題的相關(guān)句是第三段的第三行 “Perhaps one of the things that surprises a western guest most is that the Chinese host likes to pick food for visitors, which wont happen at western tables.”，（也許，其中讓西方人最吃驚的事情之一是，中國的主人喜歡為他們夾菜，而這個不會發(fā)生在西方的餐 桌上）這一句話中 “one of the things that surprises a western guest most is” 對應(yīng)的便是我們的 48 題的題干，所以答案很可能就在這句話前后，接著往下看， “which wont happen at western tables”（這不會發(fā)生在西方的餐桌上 ”對應(yīng)著的題目選項便是 C 選項，所以正確答案便是 C. 本題難度：較易 49. What the Chinese family do for the guests is to_. A. make them feel at home B. show their wealth C. make them feel uncomfortable. 【答案】 A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。此題依然為細(xì)節(jié)定位題。相關(guān)信息句定位到第三段的 “The Chinese family go out of their way to make you feel at home.”所以關(guān)鍵詞 “make you feel at home”對應(yīng)的即為選項 A. 其實這道題目，也可以根據(jù)文章所要表 達(dá)的整體的主旨大意，利用排除法解答。文章第一句話就給出了 “China is a nation of etiquette(禮儀 ).”（中國是一個禮儀之邦）并且布滿全文的單詞類似 “warm” “warmth”等等可以推測出，中國家庭對他們客人所做的并不是 “show their wealth”（炫富），排除 B, 也不是 “make them feel uncomfortable.”（讓他們覺得不舒服），排除 C。最后確定答案為 A. 本題難度：較易 50. Whats the meaning of the words by Confucius at the end of the passage? A.學(xué)而時習(xí)之，不亦悅乎？ B有朋自遠(yuǎn)方來，不亦樂乎？ C人不知而不慍，不亦君子乎？ 【答案】 A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。此題為細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。根據(jù)全文的大意，文章寫的是中國作為一個禮儀之邦，是如何熱情好客的。并且如果有同學(xué)就算沒看懂全文，也可以從最后一句中的 “To meet friends from after How happy we are!”中的 friend 作為解題的關(guān)鍵詞，判斷出正確答案為B.本題難度 ：中等 B 難度 ： Li Ting,15,from Shanghai, was preparing a talk on some western festivals. She searched online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentations(展示 ). Wu Qiong， her classmate, was doing his chemistry homework carefully. But he couldnt work out the last problem even he tried his best. So he took out his mobile phone, opened a special app(應(yīng)用軟件 )， and searched the problem. Answers soon appeared on the screen in several seconds. Nowadays,many students do homework online with the help of the Internet like Li and Wu.They search information online, use apps or discuss through QQ and Wechat. “Its convenient.You dont have to wait for your teacher to explainit to you face to face.”According to Wu.” You can also learn by seeing how others work them out. Whats more, it improves students abilities. And its especially true for new kinds of homework. I am quite skilled at finding information online and using Microsoft Office.” However, this trend（趨勢） also causes problems. Some lazy students just copy the answers online without thinking. Even some ask their classmates to do homework for them. And their teachers dont know the fact. Anyhow, knowing how to use the Internet is important. The key is to have good self-control.When you come across(遇到 ) a difficult problem, think about it by yourself first. Be sure to understand the reasons behind the answers after you have turned to the Internet, or you wont make progress. If you are not sure about your self-control, ask your parents for help. 51. Both Li Ting and Wu Qiong used the Internet to _ A. play games B. search information C. take exams 【答案】 B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第一段第二句 She searched online for certain information and made PowerPoint presentations(展示 ).和第二段倒數(shù)第二句 So he took out his mobile phone, opened a special app(應(yīng)用軟件 )， and searched the problem.得出， Li 和 Wu 都是通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)去找尋信息，那么與之對應(yīng)的答案就是 B，難度較易。 52. Paragraph 4 is mainly about_ of doing homework with the help of the Internet. A. the advantages B. the disadvantages C. the problems 【答案】 A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。該題屬于細(xì)節(jié)題推斷，那么根據(jù)第四段第一句 Its convenient，是方便便捷的，這是屬于好的方面，再根據(jù)該段后文的 Whats more、 especially 連接的內(nèi)容，都是在說好的方面，那么根據(jù)選項 C 和 B，得出答案位 A（優(yōu)點(diǎn)的意思）。難度中等。 53. Which problem is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A. some students only copy the answers online. B. some cheat their teachers by asking their classmates to do homework for them. C. Nobody is able to finish their homework now without the Internet. 【答案】 C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。該題屬于判斷型細(xì)節(jié)題，那么根據(jù)每 個選項進(jìn)行定位到第五段， A 選項該段 Somelazy students just copy the answers online without thinking.與 A 對應(yīng)， B 選項跟 Even some ask their classmates to do homework for them.對應(yīng)，所以答案為 C， C 選項在文章中沒有提到，該題難度中等。 54. _ is the key to using the Internet to study. A. Self-respect B. Self-control C. Self-development 【答案】 B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到最后一段第一行 The key is to have good self-control.即可得出答案 B, 該題較易。 55. In this passage the writer wants to tell us that _. A. the Internet can be a good helper if we use it properly. B. the Internet has made all the students lazy. C. its not necessary to learn to use the Internet. 【答案】 A 【解析】主旨題。本文體裁是記敘文，那么沒有明顯的主旨句，但是通讀全文和每一段的第一句都有說到使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)的利與弊，那么根據(jù)選項排除 C，錯誤在于 not， B 選項錯誤在絕對詞 all，所以答案為 A，該題中等。 C 難度 ： Have you ever heard of e-waste(electric waste,電子垃圾 ), which can be produced every day?How do you deal with your computers, MP4 players and mobile phones when theyre broken or you want a new one? Most people just throw them away. With the development of electric industry, e-waste pollution has become a serious problem. According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons. China came second, with 6 million tons. Its important to pay attention to e-waste. It can either be valuable or harmful（有害的） , depending on how we deal with it. E-waste is a valuable urban mine（城市礦藏） . The value of the metals, like gold and silver in the waste around the world, is amazing. And the metals can bereused. But if people throw them away, the toxic chemicals（有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)） can get into the earth or air, effecting the environment and peoples health. Apple, for example, now recycle peoples used products in China when they are buying new ones. The company will test and repair the used ones and sell them at lower prices. To help reduce（減少） e-waste, we can also take computers and phones to see if companies offer recycling programs. 56. The following can become e-waste EXCEPT_. A. computers B. mobile phones C. plastic bags 【答案】 C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干 except，除了不包括，那么選跟題干不相符合的，而在文章第一段 MP4 players and mobile phones when theyre broken or you want a new one?得出 C 選項與該句中的 MP4 playersandmobile phone 不屬 于一類，所以答案為 C（塑料袋子），該題較易。 57. Which country produced most e-waste last year according to the United Nations? A. America. B. China. C. Japan. 【答案】 A 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干定位到第二段 According to the United Nations, in 2014, people around the world produced 41.8 million tons of e-waste and only recycled 6.5 million tons. The US was the biggest waster, producing 7.1 million tons.即可得出答案的同意替換 US 即 America，所以答案為 A，該題中等。 58. What does the underline word “affecting” mean in this passage? A. 保護(hù) B. 影響 C. 改善 【答案】 B 【解析】猜詞題。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞定位到 the toxic chemicals（有毒化學(xué)物質(zhì)） can get into the earth orair, effecting the environment and peoples health，那么計入有毒物質(zhì)進(jìn)入到了土壤和空氣中，那么根據(jù)因果關(guān)系，所以對環(huán)境和人們的健康肯定是有影響的。所以答案為 B，該題 較易。 59. From Paragraph 4, we learn that_. A. the recycle Apple products will be sold at higher prices. B. buying longer lasting electronic products is a good way to reduce e-waste.