Unit_5_Silent_Springppt課件.ppt

SilentSpring,RachelCarson,1,abundanceanabundanceofabundantbeabundantin/withOurcountryisabundantinminerals.cf：abandon,豐富；充裕大量的（名詞詞組）豐富的；富有的富于；富有我國礦產(chǎn)非常豐富。遺棄；放棄,2,acreageacremetrekilometrecentimetremillimetredecimetreyardfootinchmile,面積；英畝數(shù)英畝（4047平方米）米千米厘米毫米分米碼英尺英寸英里,3,kilogramgrammilligramtondegreesCelsiusdegreesFahrenheitsquarecube,千克克毫克噸攝氏度華氏度平方立方,4,bound,Heisboundbyaffection.thepasttenseandpastparticipleofbind.Thereareboundtobepriceincreasesnextyear.TheshipwasboundforItaly.Theballboundedagainstthewall.Ifaplaceisoutofbounds,peoplearenotallowedtogothere.越限的；禁止入內(nèi)的withinbounds:在允許活動的范圍內(nèi);在安全(或適當(dāng))范圍以內(nèi)，在限度之內(nèi)；,5,brand,BrandManagementBrandimagebrandcultureBrandDesigninternationalbrand,品牌管理;品牌戰(zhàn)略品牌形象品牌文化;企業(yè)文化品牌設(shè)計;品牌形象設(shè)計國際品牌,6,brand,7,check，balance,CCB(ChinaConstructionBank)中國建設(shè)銀行ABC(AgriculturalBankofChina)中國農(nóng)業(yè)銀行ICBC(IndustrialandCommercialBankofChina)中國工商銀行BOC（BankofChina)中國銀行BCM(BankofCommunications)交通銀行,8,depositoradepositformwithdrawcreditcardprincipaloverdraft,overdrawtocashtohonorachequetodishonorachequesurplusinflationfavourablebalanceadversebalance,存戶存款單支取信用卡本金透支兌現(xiàn)兌付拒付結(jié)余通貨膨脹順差逆差,9,nationalbudgetstock,sharetreasurybillmonetaryfundloanforeignexchangefluctuationgoldreservestockexchangebrokercommission,國家預(yù)算股票國庫券貨幣基金貸款外匯波動黃金儲備股票交易所經(jīng)紀(jì)人傭金,10,contamination,pollution,contamination:thesituationthataplaceorsubstanceismadedirtyorharmfulbyputtingsthsuchaschemicalsorpoisoninit.pollution:undesirablestateofthenaturalenvironmentbeingcontaminatedwithharmfulsubstancesasaconsequenceofhumanactivitiescontaminatepollutecontaminantpollutant,11,counter-,counterpart“對立”，“相應(yīng)”，“交互”；“對應(yīng)的”，“對等的”counterclockwise“反”,“逆”,“對立”,“相對”counterplot“報復(fù)”，“反擊”，“反駁”，“回?fù)舻摹?，“報?fù)性的”,12,damp-dump,ADJSomethingthatisdampisslightlywet.eg.Herhairwasstilldamp.thedamp,coldair.N-UNCOUNTDampismoistureontheinsidewallsofahouseorintheair.VERBrestrainordiscourageeg.thesuddenbadnewsdampedthejoyousatmospherecast/strike/throwadampover/intodampdown,V-TIfyoudumpsomethingsomewhere,youputitorunloadittherequicklyandcarelessly.V-TIfsomethingisdumpedsomewhere,itisputorlefttherebecauseitisnolongerwantedorneeded.V-TTodumpsomethingsuchasanidea,policy,orpracticemeanstostopsupportingorusingit.V-TIfafirmorcompanydumpsgoods,itsellslargequantitiesofthematpricesfarbelowtheirrealvalue,usuallyinanothercountry,inordertogainabiggermarketshareortokeeppriceshighinthehomemarket.V-TIfyoudumpsomeone,youendyourrelationshipwiththem.N-COUNTAdumpisaplacewhererubbishandwastematerialareleft,forexample,onopengroundoutsideatown.,13,ecologist,ecological;ecoecologicalenvironmentecologicalsystemecologicalbalanceecologicalagricultureecologicalcrisisecologicalengineeringecologicalbenefitecologicaleffectecologicalconditionecologicaldamageecologicaldistribution,ecology生態(tài)環(huán)境生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)平衡生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)危機(jī)生態(tài)工程；生態(tài)工程學(xué)生態(tài)效益生態(tài)效應(yīng)生態(tài)條件；生態(tài)環(huán)境生態(tài)破壞生態(tài)分布,14,環(huán)境：environment，surroundingsconditions，circumstances,surroundings偏重于生活、居住的周圍環(huán)境environment則指對人的成長、情感、觀念、倫理、道德、品行等產(chǎn)生影響的環(huán)境。conditions雖有環(huán)境的含義，不過更接近漢語“條件”泛指改變、限制性因素，也指影響生活質(zhì)量的種種因素。circumstances則相當(dāng)于“形勢、情況”，往往指人力無法控制、駕馭的事件和事態(tài)的總和。,15,circumstances還有一層意思，便是境遇、財力、經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況，如經(jīng)濟(jì)寬余、生活安逸，或者經(jīng)濟(jì)拮據(jù)、境遇不佳時，兩詞有時也可通用，在習(xí)語中,詞的搭配是固定的，不可互換，如in/underthecircumstances,in/undernocircumstances。,16,landscape,scenery,scene,view,Eachyear,wespendourvacationinthemountainsandenjoythe_.Theystoodgazingthehappy_ofchildrenplayinginthepark.Ourhousehasa_ofthepark.The_seenfromthemountainsisgreenandbeautiful.,17,landscape,scenery,scene,view,landscapen.(自然的)風(fēng)景，景色；風(fēng)景畫。sceneryn.風(fēng)景，景色，舞臺布景，強(qiáng)調(diào)從美的角度看，某個國家或地區(qū)的總體外貌。scenen.指從遠(yuǎn)處看到的某一具體景色、景象，也可以指人物的活動場面；(犯罪的)地點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)場。viewn.指從遠(yuǎn)處或窗戶看到的視野范圍內(nèi)的風(fēng)景；觀點(diǎn)，看法。,18,landscape,scenery,scene,view,Eachyear,wespendourvacationinthemountainsandenjoythe_.Theystoodgazingthehappy_ofchildrenplayinginthepark.Ourhousehasa_ofthepark.The_seenfromthemountainsisgreenandbeautiful.,scenery,scene,view,landscape,19,migrant，immigrant，emigrant,這組詞都有“移居者，遷移的人”的意思，其區(qū)別是：migrant通常指大批短期或定期移居的人，候鳥。immigrant指自他國移入，長期定居的人。emigrant指自本國移出，長期定居在外的人。,migrate,immigrate,emigrate,20,1.Ifyourcoatistoolong,thetailorcan_ittofityou.A.alterB.convertC.changeD.modify2.Great_havetakenplacesinceheleft.A.altersB.convertsC.changesD.transforms3.HeusedtobeaChristian,butheisnow_toBuddhism.A.convertedB.changedC.transformedD.reformed4.Pricesthat_withthequality.A.shiftB.varyC.convertD.alter5.Thewindhas_fromnorthtosouth.A.shiftedB.convertedC.alteredD.transformed6.Manymilitaryfactorieshavebeen_intocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.A.alteredB.variedC.shiftedD.transformed7.Theinventor_hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachineseffiency.A.exchangedB.convertedC.modifiedD.cultivated,change，modify，convert，shift，transform，vary，alter，,21,change改變,變更,指位置,性質(zhì),外表,形式或是數(shù)量與質(zhì)量等改變.常與into連用.modify修改,變更,較正式,常用以表示意見,計劃或形式,質(zhì)量方面不大的變化convert使轉(zhuǎn)變,變化,一般只表示事物的外表及用途等方面發(fā)生的次要變化,而不是本質(zhì)上的巨大變化,也可用于改變某人的政治觀點(diǎn)、信仰.這個詞義是其他詞所沒有的shift指位置或方向的移動,改變transform指外形或面貌的改變,徹底改變性格,性質(zhì)等vary改變,不同,有區(qū)別,變化alter改變,變更,指衣服等表面或局部做部分變動,而沒有變成另一種事物,change，modify，convert，shift，transform，vary，alter，,22,1.Ifyourcoatistoolong,thetailorcan_ittofityou.A.alterB.convertC.changeD.modify2.Great_havetakenplacesinceheleft.A.altersB.convertsC.changesD.transforms3.HeusedtobeaChristian,butheisnow_toBuddhism.A.convertedB.changedC.transformedD.reformed4.Pricesthat_withthequality.A.shiftB.varyC.convertD.alter5.Thewindhas_fromnorthtosouth.A.shiftedB.convertedC.alteredD.transformed6.Manymilitaryfactorieshavebeen_intocivilonesinordertomeettheneedsofthecountry.A.alteredB.variedC.shiftedD.transformed7.Theinventor_hisoriginaldesigninordertoincreasethemachineseffiency.A.exchangedB.convertedC.modifiedD.cultivated,ACABADC,alter，change，convert，modify，shift，transform，vary,23,perplex,embarrass,puzzle,bewilder,confuse,puzzlev.使迷惑，感到不解，強(qiáng)調(diào)不理解或解決不了。Wherethesunkentreasureispuzzlesexplorers.沉沒寶藏的下落令探險家們大惑不解。bewilderv.使困惑，使茫然，強(qiáng)調(diào)非常困惑，通常表現(xiàn)為心理和智力的紊亂，語氣最重。Hewasfiredwithoutwarningandiscompletelybewilderedaboutthereason.他沒有得到事先警告就被開除了，完全不明白是什么原因。perplexv.除困惑外，還含焦慮或缺乏把握之意，難于作出決定，無從下手。Thenewtaxlawsperplexme.新稅收法律使我很費(fèi)解。confusev.一般用語，使混亂，使糊涂，強(qiáng)調(diào)因混淆而使人產(chǎn)生迷亂。Hesentthewrongreportsbecauseheconfusedthemwithotherones.他發(fā)錯了報告，因為他把它們同另外一些報告混淆在一起了。embarrassv.使窘迫，使困惑，有令人不快、難為情和內(nèi)心混亂的意味。Herboyfriendembarrassedherbyteasinghernewhairstyleinfrontofothers.她的男友在別人面前嘲笑她的新發(fā)型，使她感到難堪。,24,nationalbudgetstock,sharetreasurybillmonetaryfundloanforeignexchangefluctuationgoldreservestockexchangebrokercommission,國家預(yù)算股票國庫券貨幣基金貸款外匯波動黃金儲備股票交易所經(jīng)紀(jì)人傭金,25,spell,Iftheirrigationplangoesahead,itcouldspelldisasterforthebirds.如果該灌溉計劃繼續(xù)的話，這對鳥類可能預(yù)示著災(zāi)難。Vt.預(yù)示(通常不好的結(jié)果)Theysayshediedafterawitchcastaspellonher.人們說一個女巫對她施了魔后她就死了。n.咒語,Therehasbeenalongspellofdryweather.干旱天氣已持續(xù)很長一段時間了。n.(某種天氣或活動的)短暫發(fā)生期spellout講清楚underaspell被迷??；被符咒鎮(zhèn)住dryspell干旱期；干期,26,still,Istilldreamofhome.Davidhadbeendancingaboutlikeachild,butsuddenlyhestoodstill.Thenightairwasverystill.TherearestillsfromtheJamesBondmovieseries,adv.仍然adv.靜止不動地adj.靜止的n.電影劇照vi.靜止；平靜；蒸餾,27,subject名詞和形容詞讀作sbdkt。動詞讀作sbdkt。,n.vt.subjectsomeonetosomethingadj.besubjecttosubjecttoPricesmaybesubjecttofluctuation.,主題；科目；語主語；國民使隸屬；使屈從于使服從于；使遭受服從的；易患的；受制于的(可能)受影響的取決于價格可能會受波動影響。,28,witchcraft:巫術(shù)、妖法,Thequeenhadsomeknowledgeofwitchcraft,andsheknewhowtopoisonanapple,sothatwhoeverateitwouldfalldeadwitch;sorceresswizard;sorcerer-crafteg.handicraft;aircraft表示“的工作、技藝或業(yè)務(wù)”,29,WordsReview,dampDampgunpowderwillnotfire.潮濕的火藥不會起火。assaultThearmyassaultedthecastleonallsides.軍隊從四面八方向城堡發(fā)起突擊tamperIdontwanttobeaccusedoftamperingwiththeevidence.我不想被指控篡改證據(jù)。chorusPossiblyBeethovensgreatestwork,almosteveryoneknowstheOdetoJoychorusofthefinalmovement.這可能是貝多芬最偉大的作品，幾乎所有人都知道末樂章的歡樂頌大合唱confineHerillnessconfinedhertobed.她的病使她整天躺在床上。contaminationHowever,contaminationcanoccuratanypointalongthefoodchain,fromfieldtotable.然而，污染沿著食物鏈可能在任何的點(diǎn)上發(fā)生，從田地到餐桌。,30,immuneInpeoplewithhealthyimmunesystems,thesesymptomsdonotlastmorethanaboutaweek.在具有健康免疫系統(tǒng)的人身上，這些癥狀的持續(xù)不會超過一個星期。boundThenewlyemergingforcesareboundtodefeatwhatiscorruptanddegenerate.新生力量必然戰(zhàn)勝腐朽力量。filmWiththisinstantfilmthepicturedevelopsinonlyoneminute.用這種快速膠卷，照片僅用一分鐘就會顯影。modifyWehadtoslightlymodifytheoriginaldesign.我們不得不對原來的設(shè)計稍加修改。isolatedThemetaphysicalworldoutlookseesthingsasisolated,staticandone-sided.形而上學(xué)宇宙觀用孤立的、靜止的和片面的觀點(diǎn)去看世界。resurgenceAmajorsignificantfailureoftheresurgenceofmarket-orientedpolicieswasafailuretoreformthemonetarysystem.以市場為導(dǎo)向的經(jīng)濟(jì)政策復(fù)蘇的一個重要的大失敗就是貨幣體系改革的失敗。,31,undergoThecityhasundergonemanychangesduringthelasttenyears.這個城市在過去十年中經(jīng)歷了很多變化。suppressTherebellionagainstthegovernmenthasbeensuppressedbythegovernmenttroops.反政府的叛亂已被政府軍平定了。landscapeWhenshootingalandscape,however,youusuallywanteverythingtobeinfocus.但當(dāng)你拍攝風(fēng)景的時候，你還是希望一切都在鏡頭當(dāng)中的。explosiveTheexplosivemixtureinarocketconsistsofbothafuelandasupplyofoxygen.火箭中的爆炸性混合物由燃料和氧氣構(gòu)成。consentAtapproximately11:30p.m.,Pollardfinallygavehisconsenttothesearch.大約晚上11:30的時候，波拉德終于對搜查予以同意。evolveBirdsarewidelybelievedtohaveevolvedfromdinosaurs.鳥類普遍被認(rèn)為是從恐龍進(jìn)化而來的。,32,33,RachelCarsonandherwork,34,IntroductiontoRachelCarson(1907-1964),ShegrewuponasmallPennsylvaniafarm,wenttothePennsylvaniaCollege,majoredinzoology,andthenwenttoJohnHopkinsforamastersdegreeingenetics.Publications:UndertheSea-WindTheSeaAroundUsTheEdgeoftheSeaSilentSpringInthewakeofSilentSpring,shewasattackedpersonallyandasascientistbymany.WhileshewasworkingonSilentSpring,shelearnedshehadbreastcancer.ShediedtwoyearsafterSilentSpringwaspublished,atage56.,35,ReportonSilentSpring(1962),The$300,000,000pesticidesindustryhasbeenhighlyirritatedbyaquietwomanauthorwhosepreviousworksonsciencehavebeenpraisedforthebeautyandprecisionofthewriting.Inherlatestwork,however,MissCarsonisnotsogentle.Morepointedthanpoetic,shearguesthatthewidespreaduseofpesticidesisdangerouslytiltingtheso-calledbalanceofnature.Pesticidespoisonnotonlypests,shesays,butalsohumans,wildlife,thesoil,foodandwater.NYTimes15apr64,36,SignificanceoftheBook,Itrousedanewpublicawarenessthatnaturewasvulnerabletohumanintervention.Conservationhadneverraisedmuchbroadpublicinterest,forfewpeoplereallyworriedaboutthedisappearanceofwilderness.Butthethreatsshehadoutlinedthecontaminationofthefoodchain,cancer,geneticdamage,thedeathsofentirespeciesweretoofrighteningtoignore.Forthefirsttime,theneedtoregulateindustryinordertoprotecttheenvironmentbecamewidelyaccepted,andenvironmentalismwasborn.,37,TextAnalysis,Outofhisignoranceandlackofconcernfortheintegrityofnature,manistamperingwithnaturebyabusingchemicals,causingirrecoverableharmsonenvironmentandpeople.,38,Part1(paras.12)about:Part2(paras.)about:Part3(paras.)about:Part4(paras.)about:Part5(paras.)about:,TextAnalysis,35,69,1023,beautyandharmonyenjoyedbybothnatureandallitslife,evilspell,transitionalparagraphs,directingreadersattentiontotheverycauseofthenationwidedisasterawhitepowder,thechemical,explanationofhowtheecologicaldisasterswerecreated,2425,propersolutiontothedisasters,39,InPara.3,4,5,Question:Whatistheevilspell?Spellisabewitchedstate,astatecompletelycapturedbymagicpower.Mysteriousdiseasesswepttheflocksofchickens;cattleandsheepsickenedanddied;birdstrembledandcouldnotfly;fishdiedinthestreams.Peoplewereinfectedwithnewdiseaseswithseveralsuddenandunexplaineddeaths.Vegetationwitheredandgotbrowned.Nolifewasontheroad,inthestream;silencelayoverthefields,thewoodsandmarsh.,40,Question:WhydidCarsoncallmanstamperingwithnatureawaragainstnature?,Awarinvolvesthekillingofhundredsofthousandsofpeoplethe“badpeopleorgoodpeople”withtheirinventedweapons.Insects,birds,plants,fish,even“pests”areallpartofnature.Bycreatingandusingchemical“weapons”,mankilledeveryinsectthe”good”or“bad”,stilledthesongofbirdsandtheleapingoffish,coa