新概念英語三lesson3.ppt

Lesson 3 An unknown goddess,愛琴海文明,愛琴文明是指公元前20世紀(jì)至公元前12世紀(jì)間的愛琴海域的上古文明。它是指公元前20年前12世紀(jì)存在于地中海東部的愛琴海島、希臘半島及小亞細(xì)亞西部的歐洲青銅時代的文明，因圍繞愛琴海域而得名。在希臘文明之前，是最早的歐洲文明，是西方文明的源泉。 愛琴文明最早起源于克里特島，然后傳播到希臘大陸和小亞細(xì)亞。公元前1700前1400年，克里特文明發(fā)展到它的全盛時期，不久突然衰退，愛琴文明的中一心轉(zhuǎn)移到希臘半島的邁錫尼。主要包括米諾斯文明和邁錫尼文明兩大階段，前后相繼。有興旺的農(nóng)業(yè)和海上貿(mào)易，宮室建筑及繪畫藝術(shù)均很發(fā)達(dá)，是世界古代文明的一個重要代表。,About Greece,The famous god and goddess,古希臘人信奉的諸神，主要包括有主神宙斯(Zeus)、天后赫拉(Hera)、海神波塞冬(Poseidon )、智慧女神雅典娜(Athena )、美神維納斯(Venus)、太陽神阿波羅(Apollo)、月亮與狩獵女神阿爾泰彌斯、谷物女神德墨忒爾 、火神赫菲斯托斯、戰(zhàn)神阿瑞斯、眾神使者與亡靈接引神赫爾墨斯、灶神或家室女神赫斯提，有時也包括酒神狄俄尼索斯和英雄赫拉克勒斯。,new words and expressions,prosperous adj. （經(jīng)濟(jì)上）繁榮的，昌盛的 prosperity n. 繁榮 - our finance is prosperous 我們的經(jīng)濟(jì)非常的繁榮。（Finance n.財政, 金融） thriving adj.昌盛的，興旺的 - thriving business booming adj.蓬勃的，景氣的 - a booming market繁榮的市場 flourishing adj.繁茂的，健康的,civilization n. 文明 civilize vt.使開化, 使文明 civilized adj. 文明的；非野蠻的；有禮貌的；有教養(yǎng)的 - a high level of civilization 高度文明 - a civilized nation 一個文明的民族,worship n.v.祟拜 respect vt.尊敬, 尊重 admire v.贊美, 欽佩, 羨慕 - Who do you worship in the world? warship n.軍艦, 戰(zhàn)船,Sacred adj.宗教的, 神圣的 - sacred music 圣樂 / sacred promise 神圣的諾言 Holy adj. 神圣的, 圣潔的 - a holy person. 圣潔的人 / a holy place. 神圣的地方 Solemn adj. 莊嚴(yán)的, 莊重的 - a solemn face 嚴(yán)肅的面孔 / a solemn ceremony 隆重的儀式,Classical adj.（希臘和羅馬）古文化的（即傳統(tǒng)的）；文科的, 人文科學(xué)的 - classical music 古典音樂 / classical education 人文科學(xué)教育 Classic adj. 第一流的, 標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的, 著名的, 典型的 This is the classic example of love at the first sight. Classic n.杰作, 經(jīng)典之作,Reconstruct v.修復(fù) （Re -重新, 再次） Construct vt.構(gòu)造, 建造, 組織（通過裝配或組合部件而構(gòu)成） - construct a sentence / construct a broken statue - build a house 造建筑物 construction n.建設(shè), 建造 constructive adj.有教育意義的 constructor n.建造者, 建設(shè)者,Hip n.屁股, 臀部 Hip n. 趕時髦的人；消息靈通人士； adj.通曉的，見聞廣的 - Mary is a real hip. 瑪麗是個愛趕時髦的人。 - The guy isnt a hip. 這家伙什么都不懂。 Joined at the hip 表示交情極厚的 - These two are joined at the hip. shoot from the hip 信口開河 - Sorry, I said that I shouldnt have shot from the hip.,listen and try to finish the questions.,Some time ago, an interesting discovery was made by archaeologists on the Aegean island of Kea. some time 一段時間 sometime adv.在某一時候, 曾經(jīng), 有一天（過去或?qū)恚?sometimes adv.不時, 有時 中文習(xí)慣用主動語態(tài)。 英文習(xí)慣用被動語態(tài)。以事件、結(jié)果、影響、效果為主語，強(qiáng)調(diào)對客觀事實的陳述。,An American team explored a temple which stands in an ancient city on the promontory of Ayia Irini. which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾限定temple。（which = that） stand(不及物) = lie(不及物) 位于 = situate(及物) 使位于, 使處于 = locate(及物) 使.坐落于, 位于 which stands in. = which lies in = which is located in = which is situated in.,The city at one time must have been prosperous, for it enjoyed a high level of civilization. for 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句：對主句的附加說明和解釋，提供更多的信息。 because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句：強(qiáng)調(diào)原因。 at one time 表達(dá)曾經(jīng), 一度（過去時態(tài)的標(biāo)志, = once） must have been 對過去事實肯定的推測,The city was equipped with a drainage system, for a great many clay pipes were found beneath the narrow streets. be equipped with 配備, 裝備 在正下方：beneath = under - beneath the narrow streets = under the narrow streets - He is standing under/beneath the umbrella. 在進(jìn)行中：只能用under - under control 控制之中 / under discussion 討論之中 / under repairs修理之中 below 在下方（強(qiáng)調(diào)在斜下方）,Its missing head happened to be among remains of the fifth century B.C. happen to 偶然, 碰巧（強(qiáng)調(diào)事情的偶然發(fā)生） - I happen to have driven that kind of car. 我恰巧開過那種車。 - He happened to find the ticket in his pocket. It happens that +從句 - It happened that I met her on my way to work. = I happened to meet her on my way work.,When the archaeologists reconstructed the fragments, they were amazed to find that the goddess turned out to be a very modern-looking woman. Amazed = very much surprised surprised astonished amazed astounded 感到驚訝（語氣遞增）,turn out（表示結(jié)果）結(jié)果是, 原來是 （= prove, 都表示系動詞） 1turn out (to be)+ n./adj. - The concert turned out to be a failure. 我們的聚會非常的成功。 - Our party turned out (to be) a success.,2 It turned out + that從句 （it作形式主語） It turned out +其它名詞從句 It turned out that the diamonds had been in the bank all the time. 原來鉆石一直都在銀行里保存著。 原來他的