全新版大學(xué)英語綜合教程第三冊(cè)Unit1.ppt

1、College English (New Edition) Integrated Course 1,Unit 1 Changes in the Way We Live,Text A Mr Doherty Builds His Dream Life,Language Sense Enhancement In a progressive country change is constant; change is inevitable. Benjamin Disraeli Life belongs to the living, and he who lives must be prepared fo

2、r changes. Johann Wolfqanq Von Goethe,Pre-reading tasks,Discussion I: 1.Why are more and more city people willing to buy apartments or houses in the suburbs, even in the countryside or pay to spend a day in a farmers house ? 2.Why do so many migrant workers move from the country to the city? 3.Whats

3、 your way of living before and now? Are you satisfied with it? Why or why not? If not, how to change it?,Pre-reading tasks,Discussion II: Can you list some of the advantages and disadvantages of city life and country life?,City life:,Advantages: Disadvantages,Higher living standard Convenient transp

4、ortation Health care Better education More job opportunities entertainment,Overpopulation Air pollution Noise Heavy traffic High crime rate Fierce competition and stress Indifference in interpersonal relationship,Country life,Advantages: disadvantages,Fresh air Healthy food Self-sufficiency Peaceful

5、 life More leisure time Less pressure Closer personal relationship,Remote manage to live or do things eg: It is a bit hard for the old couple to get by on a small amount of pension. 如果我們堅(jiān)持到底，我們就能熬過難關(guān)。 Well get by if we hold on to the end.,Language and cultural study,2. make it: 1) to be successful i

6、n ones career. Hes never really made it as an actor. 2) to succeed in reaching a place after difficulty, effort, etc It was a terrible journey but we finally made it. 3) to attend sth. I am afraid I wont be able to make it to your party next week.,3.pursue: 1).to strive to gain or accomplish eg: pur

7、sue lofty（極高的） political goals / pleasure 2). Court v. eg: She was pursued by many boys. n. pursuit: the pursuit of higher education,Language and cultural study,Language and cultural study,4. haul: 1) transport, as with a truck, cart, etc. Examples: The farmers haul vegetables to the market on a tru

8、ck every day. 2) pull or drag sth. with effort or force Examples: When he got drunk he began to run wild until his wife hauled him aside and calmed him down. 他喝的醉醺醺, 并開始亂跑，直到他妻子把他拽到一邊，叫他冷靜。,pull: The most general one. draw: It implies a smoother, steadier motion（移動(dòng)） and generally a lighter force tha

9、n pull. drag: It usually refers to horizontal motion or motion up an incline (slope) and it suggests laborious efforts over rough ground or against friction, resistance or gravity. The escaped prisoner was dragged out of his hiding place. haul: It implies continuous pulling or dragging of heavy or b

10、ulky（笨重的） objects. The fisherman is hauling a net.,Language and cultural study,5. stack: make into a pile Examples: After she did the dishes, Mon started stacking them on the draining-board. Before being processed into lumber（木材）, the wood must be carefully stacked to prevent warping.（扭曲）。,Language

11、and cultural study,6. wicked: evil or bad eg: What you have done is totally wicked. We are born good, but can be taught to be wicked. bad, evil, ill, poor, wicked 這些形容詞均含“壞的”之意。Bad:含義廣泛，指任何不好的或不合需要的品質(zhì)。Evil:語氣比bad強(qiáng)，強(qiáng)調(diào)道德上的邪惡不良，含狡猾兇險(xiǎn)或危害他人的意味。ill與evil意義接近，但語氣弱一些，常指道德或性質(zhì)方面的不良。Poor:普通用詞，側(cè)重指事物的質(zhì)量或數(shù)量低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或不合

12、要求。用于指天氣與食品時(shí)可與bad通用。Wicked:語氣比evil強(qiáng)，指居心叵測(cè)，任意違反道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，有意作惡。,Language and cultural study,7. get through: come successfully to the end. Examples: The local government has taken some measures to ensure that all the people will get through the winter. She got through the entrance examination, and was accep

13、ted by the college. 8.on balance: with all things considered. Examples: Their suggestion has, on balance, proved practicable. On balance, its probably not advisable to change the company s name.,Language and cultural study,9. illustrate: provide with visual feature; clarify by use of examples, etc.

14、Examples: The editor has illustrated the book with black-and-white photographs. To illustrate the point, he told a story. Sports Illustrated: a popular US sports magazine published each week by Time Inc, part of Time Warner. It first appeared in 1954, and is read mainly by men.,Language and cultural

15、 study,Language and cultural study,10. generate: bring into being; give rise to Examples: generate heat / power / employment / enthusiasm The widespread use of English in France has generated a public as well as an academic debate over language in the country.,11. pick up: 1)be ready to pay If he lo

16、ses the case, Michael will have to pick up the bill for legal costs. 2) Look at the following sentences and guess the meaning of the phrase Pick yourself up, there s no use regretting for what has happened. The car began to pick up the moment the vehicle got onto the motorway. The bus stopped severa

17、l times to pick up passengers.,Language and cultural study,使振作精神 (pick oneself up); 增加速度 ; 搭載乘客， The boy picked up the hat for the old man. You should pick up the tools after work. He was picking up the skills quickly. We picked up a couple of girls at the pub last Friday.,Language and cultural stud

18、y,12. cut back: reduce in size or amount Gardeners argue about whether they should cut roses back in the spring or autumn. 13.dine out: eat a meal away from home ( usu. in a restaurant) = eat out They would dine out together once a month.,Language and cultural study,Language and cultural study,14. s

19、uspect: believe to be true, likely or probable; feel doubt about ( used in the patterns: suspect sb./ sth. of sth.; suspect that ) She strongly suspected her husband had been lying. USA banned domestic poultry imported from China, suspecting that they might have been infected with bird flu. It was p

20、erfectly all right, Henry said, because the police had not suspected him of anything.,Comparison: suspect 懷疑.是 (表示相信 ) doubt 懷疑不是 (表示不相信 ) I suspect he is a thief. I doubt he is a thief. doubt和suspect譯成中文都是懷疑的意思，但卻是完全不一樣的懷疑。如：I doubt the bus has already left.意為我覺得汽車還沒走；而I suspect the bus has already

21、 left.意為我覺得汽車已經(jīng)走了。完全不一樣的意思，只有放在一起比較、體會(huì)，才能很好地掌握。,Language and cultural study,15. temptation: the feeling of being tempted to do sth. that you know might be wrong or harmful; the thing you want to have. resist/ overcome the temptation 抵制誘惑 give in to the temptation 抵制不住誘惑 16. resist: keep from giving

22、in to or enjoying I was unable to resist laughing at the sight of the funny clown. Keep away from KFC. You know I cant resist delicious fast food which has made me so plump.,Language and cultural study,17. device: a piece of equipment designed to serve a special purpose. Due to the widespread use of

23、 mobile digital devices, the semiconductor industry is gathering attention these days. Do you know the meaning of the following words? apparatus, instrument, device, equipment, tool, implement, installation, appliance, facilities.,Language and cultural study,這些名詞均有“儀器、設(shè)備、器械、器具”之意。 apparatus:既可指某種具體的

24、由許多不同零件構(gòu)成的復(fù)雜的 儀器、裝置或器械，又可指它們的總稱。 Instrument:通常指能使人們完成某一精確動(dòng)作或測(cè)量的一種小型儀器，尤指電工儀表、測(cè)量裝置，航海或航空用的控制裝置。 Device:多指為某一特殊用途或解決某一特定機(jī)械問題而設(shè)計(jì)或改裝的精巧的儀器或裝置。 Equipment:多指成套的或重型的設(shè)備或裝備。通常用作不可數(shù)名詞。,Language and cultural study,Tool:一般指進(jìn)行特種工作的手工工具，也可指人造使用動(dòng)力的工具，還可作引申用。 Implement:原指史前人類所用的工具，現(xiàn)在多指農(nóng)用工具，也可指為實(shí)現(xiàn)某個(gè)任務(wù)所需的工具或器具 instal

25、lation:一般多指安裝完成，可供使用或操作的整套裝置或設(shè)施。 appliance:側(cè)重指家用機(jī)器或設(shè)備，尤指家用電器。 facilities:常用復(fù)數(shù)形式，指可供使用的設(shè)備或設(shè)施。,Language and cultural study,Difficult Sentences,1.Our hens keep us in eggs, with several dozen left over to sell each week. (Para 2) Our hens provide us with more eggs than we can eat, so we sell several doz

26、en eggs each week. 自家飼養(yǎng)的雞提供雞蛋，每星期還能剩余幾十個(gè)出售。,Difficult Sentences,2. When it was 30 below, (Para 4) Minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit 氣溫降到華氏零 下30度 Note: Fahrenheit scale (華氏) Celsius scale (攝氏),Difficult Sentences,Fahrenheit scale (華氏): A scale of temperature, first established by the German physicist Gabri

27、el Fahrenheit in 1715. The unit of temperature is the degree Fahrenheit (F), and 0F was originally the coldest temperature Fahrenheit could achieve using a freezing mixture of salt and ice. On his scale, water freezes at 32F and boils at 212F (under set atmospheric conditions). No longer used in sci

28、entific work, Fahrenheit temperatures still feature in everyday language; hot days “in the eighties”, for example. To convert a Fahrenheit temperature to Celsius (centigrade), subtract 32, then multiply by 5/9.,Difficult Sentences,Celsius scale (攝氏): A scale of hotness, or temperature, first establi

29、shed by the Swedish scientist Anders Celsius (1701-1744) in 1742. On this scale, the unit of temperature is the degree Celsius (C); water freezes at 0C and boils at 100C (under agreed standard atmospheric conditions), although when Celsius originally devised the scale he made 0the boiling-point and

30、100the freezing-point. The Celsius scale was formerly commonly known as the centigrade scale because of the 100 divisions between the freezing- and boiling- points of water. To convert from degrees Celsius to degrees Fahrenheit multiply by 9/5 and add 32.,Difficult Sentences,3. Soon Jim, 16 and Emil

31、y, 13, the youngest of our four children, will help me make some long-overdue improvements on the outdoor toilet that supplements our indoor plumbing when we are working outside. (Para 4) Soon, the two youngest of our four children, that is, the 16-year-old Jim and the 13-year-old Emily, will help m

32、e while I try to improve the condition of our outdoor toilet, which should have been done long ago; this outdoor toilet is a supplement to our indoor plumbing and is very useful when we are working outside.,Difficult Sentences,過些時(shí)候，四個(gè)孩子中的兩個(gè)小的，16歲的吉米和13歲的埃米莉，會(huì)幫著我一起把拖了很久沒修的室外廁所修葺一下，那是專為室外干活修建的。,Notes,

33、Ivy League Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island Columbia University, New York Cornell University, Ithaca, New York Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey Yale Un

34、iversity, New Haven, Connecticut,Difficult Sentences,4. In between such chores, I manage to spend 50 to 60 hours a week at the typewriter or doing reporting for the freelance articles I sell to magazines and newspapers. (Para 5) During the free time when I am not doing the daily domestic tasks, I ma

35、nage to spend 50 to 60 hours, either doing some typing work with my typewriter or doing reporting work for freelance articles which I write for magazines and articles in return for money. 在這些活計(jì)之間，我每周要抽空花五、六十個(gè)小時(shí)，不是打字撰文，就是為作為自由撰稿人投給報(bào)刊的文章進(jìn)行采訪。,Difficult Sentences,5. Im not making anywhere near as much

36、money as I did when I was employed full time, but now we dont need as much either. (Para 10) I am not earning as much money as I used to when I was employed to do full-time job, but, on the other hand, now we dont need much money. 我掙的錢遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)比不上擔(dān)任全職工作時(shí)的收入，可如今我們需要的錢也沒有過去多。,Difficult Sentences,注：anywhere n

37、ear 是美國的一種口語表達(dá)方式，意思是“幾乎，接近于，在某種程度上”，常用于否定句，可譯為“一點(diǎn)也不”，同義詞組是 to any extent or degree or at all。 e.g. The project isnt anywhere near completion. 這項(xiàng)工程根本沒有接近完工。,Difficult Sentences,6. Extravagant Christmases are a memory, and we combine vacations with story assignments We no longer have extravagant Chris

38、tmases, and when a magazine sends me somewhere to write an article, I will take my family along. By doing so, we can save some money. 鋪張的圣誕節(jié)成為一種回憶，我們把完成稿約作為度假的一部分,Difficult Sentences,7. How much longer well have enough energy to stay on here is anybodys guessperhaps for quite a while, perhaps not. N

39、obody can be sure about how much longer we can manage to continue to stay hereperhaps we can go on for a long time, perhaps we cannot. 沒人知道我們還能有精力在這里再呆多久也許呆很長一陣子，也許不是。,Exercises I,Post-reading questions : 1.In what ways does the author think that the quality of life has improved for him and his fami

40、ly? 2.In your opinion, which is better, living in the country or living in the city? Give reasons. 3.What do you think are possible ways to improve the quality of our lives?,Exercises II,苛刻的時(shí)間表,A demanding schedule,如老話所說,As the old saying goes,時(shí)機(jī)選的很糟,The timing is terrible,常春藤聯(lián)合學(xué)校,Ivy League Schools

41、,帶著老板的祝福,With the employers blessing,總的來說,On balance,按揭貸款,Mortgage payments,過得去,get by,至于,when it comes to,彌補(bǔ)收入差額,make up the difference in income,生活水平,living standard,外出吃飯,dine out,光顧當(dāng)?shù)仫埖?Patronize local restaurants,耐得住寂寞,A tolerance for solitude,預(yù)算吃緊,A tight budget,自己自足,Self-sufficient/cy,抵制誘惑,Res

42、ist the temptation to do sth.,Exercises III,Translation Resist, primarily, patronize, dine out, profit, indoor, patronize, on balance, on a large scale 相當(dāng)多的孩子體重越來越重，這個(gè)趨勢(shì)正日益明顯。這個(gè)現(xiàn)象主要可 以用以下兩個(gè)原因來解釋。隨著人們生活水平的提高，孩子們有更多的機(jī)會(huì) 外出就餐。他們無法抵制麥當(dāng)勞、肯德基或者是必勝客的誘惑。這些快餐公 司在針對(duì)孩子的廣告花了上百萬的錢。 這些廣告又反過來給公司帶來了巨大 的利潤。 孩子們經(jīng)常光顧這些快餐連鎖店，結(jié)果不可避免的胖起來。第二個(gè)原因 是缺乏運(yùn)動(dòng)。今天的孩子們忙于學(xué)習(xí)，有的甚至整天呆在屋里。 卡路里 攝入的增加，運(yùn)動(dòng)