2022年河北省張家口市第二十中學(xué)中考模擬英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

PAGEPAGE12022年河北省張家口市第二十中學(xué)中考模擬英語(yǔ)試題聽(tīng)力部分I.聽(tīng)句子,選出句子中所包含的信息。(共5小題,每小題1分,計(jì)5分)1.A.hopeB.soapC.rope2.A.50,080B.50,800C.15,8003.A.stayupB.staywellC.stayout4.A.JonathanisnotinSanFrancisconow.B.SanFranciscoisJonathan’shometown.C.JonathanmovedtoSanFranciscothreeyearsago.5.A.Bettyplaystheviolinverywell.B.Bettyplaystheviolinbetterthanhersister.C.Betty’ssisterplaystheviolinbetterthanher.II.聽(tīng)句子,選出該句的最佳答語(yǔ)。(共5小題,每小題1分,計(jì)5分)6.A.Howaboutplayingsoccer?B.Iagree.C.It’sbadforoureyes.7.A.Thankyouallthesame.B.Agoodday.C.Muchbetter,thankyou.8.A.Notgood.B.Tea,please.C.I’mthirsty.9.A.Becauseofbadtraffic.B.Goodluck.C.Ihatethat.10.A.Takecare.B.Itdoesn’tmatter.C.No,youmustn’t.III.聽(tīng)對(duì)話(huà)和問(wèn)題,選擇正確選項(xiàng)。(共8小題,每小題1分,計(jì)8分)11.WhatdidBill’sunclegivehim?A.B.C.12.Wheredoesthemanusuallylistentotheradio?A.B.C.13.Whattimeisitnow?A.6:30p.m.B.7:00p.m.C.7:30p.m.14.Wherewillthemansitintherestaurant?A.Farfromthedoor.B.Bythewindow.C.Inthecorner.15.Whatistheman?A.Aseniorhighschoolstudent.B.Ajuniorhighschoolstudent.C.Ateacher.16.Whydoesthemanvisitthewoman?A.Tothankthewoman.B.Toaskforadvice.C.Tosaygoodbye.17.Whatistheman’sbiggestproblem?A.Englishsentencesaregettinglonger.B.Therearemoreandmoregrammarrules.C.It’shardertoknowhowtouseEnglishwords.18.Whatwillthemando?A.PassalltheEnglishexams.B.Haveanothertalkwiththewoman.C.A&B.IV.聽(tīng)短文和問(wèn)題,選擇正確答案。(共7小題,每小題1分,計(jì)7分)19.What’sthemostspecialactivityatthesummercamp?A.Sailing.B.Diving.C.Swimming.20.Howcanthechildrenjointhecamp?A.Byfillinginaform.B.Bycallingthespeaker.C.Bywritingtotheirparents.21.HowtallisSilvia?A.170cm.B.173cm.C.178cm.22.WhydothephotographersloveSilvia?A.Shedoeswellinherstudy.B.She’syoungandnew.C.Shehaslong,curlyblondhair.23.WhatdidtheteamdoonJune3?A.Theyhadabigmeeting.B.TheystartedfromLijiang.C.TheyreachedLhasa.24.Howoldaretheteammembers?A.25.B.65.C.2565.25.Whatprogramwillcomenext?A.TVplay.B.Cartoon.C.Weatherreport.V.聽(tīng)短文填空(共5小題,每小題1分,計(jì)5分)InformationSheet26.ThespeakeristellingPhiliptheplansfornext________________.27.Mr.AzizcalledtoinvitePhiliptohavelunchattheItalianrestaurantonthe___________floorofourofficebuildingat12o’clock.28.Mr.SuzukicalledtoinvitePhiliptoplay____________at3o’clock.29.ThereisapartyforMrs.Benchley’s____________birthdayat7o’clockintherecreationarea.30.Thespeakerhasputthe____________onPhilip’sdesk.筆試部分VI.單項(xiàng)選擇(共10小題,每小題1分,計(jì)10分)1.Thegovernmentaimstoimprovepublic_________,especiallyeducation.A.services B.levels C.transport D.environment【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：政府旨在改善公共服務(wù)，特別是教育。

考查名詞辨析。services服務(wù)；levels水平；transport交通；environment環(huán)境。根據(jù)“education”可知教育屬于公共服務(wù)，故選A。2.—Weshould________theelectricitywhenwedon’tuseit.—Yes.You’rereallyagreenperson.A.cleanoff B.putoff C.takeoff D.shutoff【答案】D【解析】【詳解】句意：——當(dāng)我們不使用電時(shí)，我們應(yīng)該關(guān)閉它?！堑?。你真是一個(gè)環(huán)保的人?？疾閯?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。cleanoff清理；putoff推遲；takeoff起飛；shutoff關(guān)閉。根據(jù)“Weshould...theelectricitywhenwedon’tuseit”可知不用電時(shí)要關(guān)閉。故選D。3.It’sbeentwoyearssincemygrandparents________withus.Andwe’relivingtogetherhappily.A.live B.havelived C.lived D.willlive【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：我祖父母和我們住在一起已經(jīng)兩年了。我們?cè)谝黄鹦腋５厣钪？疾閯?dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。固定句式：Ithasbeen+一段時(shí)間+since+從句，從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故選C。4—_________willthefogandhazelast?—I’venoidea.Thereisnosignofanend.A.Howsoon B.Howfar C.Howlong D.Howoften【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：——霧霾天氣將持續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間？——我不知道。沒(méi)有結(jié)束的跡象。

考查疑問(wèn)詞用法。Howsoon多久以后；Howfar多遠(yuǎn)，對(duì)距離提問(wèn)；Howlong多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，對(duì)時(shí)間段提問(wèn)；Howoften多久一次，對(duì)頻率提問(wèn)。根據(jù)動(dòng)詞last可知此處指的是要持續(xù)多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。故選C。5.—Haveyouhadyourdinneryet,Jim?—Yes,Ihave.Mymother_________itforme.A.cooked B.havecooked C.wascooking D.willcook【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——吉姆，你吃過(guò)晚飯了嗎？——是的。我媽媽給我做的。考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Yes,Ihave.”可知，已經(jīng)吃過(guò)飯了，因此媽媽做飯的動(dòng)作是過(guò)去發(fā)生的，因此用一般過(guò)去時(shí)；故選A。6.You’dbetterfollowhisadvice.,hehaspractisedthelawfornearlytwentyyears.A.Inall B.Atall C.Afterall D.Aboveall【答案】C【解析】【詳解】句意：你最好聽(tīng)他的勸告。畢竟，他已經(jīng)當(dāng)律師近二十年了。A.Inall總計(jì)；B.Atall全然，根本；C.Afterall畢竟；D.Aboveall首先。根據(jù)上文的勸告，可知此處用來(lái)解釋原因，故選C。7.—Peter,whatareyoudoing?—Oh,I________areportaboutnationalheroes.A.willwrite B.amwriting C.wrote D.written【答案】B【解析】【詳解】句意：——彼得，你在干什么？——哦，我在寫(xiě)一篇關(guān)于民族英雄的報(bào)告?？疾闀r(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)“Peter,whatareyoudoing?”可知用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，其結(jié)構(gòu)為am/is/aredoing。故選B。8.—Sam,________Ijoinyouinthecommunityservice?—Ofcourseyoucan.A.can B.must C.should D.need【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——Sam，我能加入你的社區(qū)服務(wù)嗎？——你當(dāng)然可以?？疾閯?dòng)詞辨析。can可以；must必須；should應(yīng)該；need需要。根據(jù)“Ofcourseyoucan.”可知，此處請(qǐng)求對(duì)方允許，用can，故選A。9.—Idon’thaveenoughmoneytobuyagiftforMom,soImadeoneforher.—Thegiftisfulloftruelove,it________willbethemostvaluable.A.certainly B.properly C.hardly D.slowly【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——-我沒(méi)有足夠的錢(qián)給媽媽買(mǎi)禮物，所以我為她做了一個(gè)。——這個(gè)禮物充滿(mǎn)真愛(ài)，一定是最有價(jià)值的。考查副詞。certainly一定；properly正確地；hardly幾乎不；slowly慢慢地。根據(jù)“Thegiftisfulloftruelove,”可知，這個(gè)禮物充滿(mǎn)真愛(ài)，因此一定是最有價(jià)值的。故選A。10.—IsthereanythingelseyouwanttoknowaboutChina?—Yes,Iamstillwondering.A.whyChinesepeoplelikeplayingthedragondance.B.howtheChinesepapercuttingmade.C.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimes.D.whydoChinesepeopleeatricedumplings.【答案】A【解析】【詳解】句意：——你還想了解中國(guó)其它什么東西嗎？——我仍然想知道為什么中國(guó)人喜歡舞龍。考查賓語(yǔ)從句語(yǔ)序。A.whyChinesepeoplelikeplayingthedragondance.（為什么中國(guó)人喜歡舞龍，陳述句的語(yǔ)序）；B.howtheChinesepapercuttingmade.（中國(guó)剪紙是怎么制作的，語(yǔ)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤）；C.howwastheGreatWallbuiltinancienttimes.（古時(shí)候長(zhǎng)城是怎么建成的，疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序）；D.whydoChinesepeopleeatricedumplings.（為什么中國(guó)人吃粽子，疑問(wèn)句的語(yǔ)序）；根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)從句要按照陳述句的語(yǔ)序的原則，故選A。VII.完形填空(共10小題,每小題1分,計(jì)10分)I'mthetypeofguywhobelievesyoucanachieveanythingyousetyourmindto,ifyougiveityourallanddon'tgiveup.____11____,whenIdecidedtowriteanovel,itdidn'tmattertomethatIhadneverdoneanythinglikethatbefore.WhatdidmattertomewasthatIhadagreatstoryinmyhead,astorythatneededtobe____12____.WhatIthoughtwouldtakeacoupleofmonthsoracoupleofyears.Afterfivemonthsofwriting,Iatlast____13____the“finishline”—thatmagicaldaywhenyoutype“THEEND”.Okay,soIwroteamanuscript（手稿）.ThefirstthingIdidwastocopyit,followedbysendingitouttoallofmyfriendswho____14____alot,togetcreativecriticism（批評(píng)）.Andthenitwasbacktorewritingthestory.Next,Ihiredaprofessional（專(zhuān)業(yè)人員）,whogavemegreat____15____,whichmeantmorerewriting.Isoonlearnedalessoninwriting-writingisrewriting.Therewouldalwaysbe____16____forimprovement.Ihadrewrittenthemanuscripttimeandtimeagainfortwoyears,andintheprocess,Ilearned____17____towrite.Lookingback,Ihadnoideahowlongitwasgoingtotakeorhowharditwasgoingtobe.Writingthemanuscriptwastheeasypart,whilegoingonthewaytowritea____18____bookwasthehardpart.Pursuing（追求）mydreamshasmadeallthedifference.Lifeisajourney.Ican'tseewhat____19____ahead,butIknowonethingforsure:WhenIlook____20____IseethethingsthatI'veachievedandIsmilewithpride.11.A.However B.Therefore C.Anyway D.Otherwise12.A.made B.organized C.printed D.born13.A.reached B.got C.tried D.ran14.A.discussed B.understood C.read D.praised15.A.confidence B.energy C.comfort D.advice16.A.room B.time C.pleasure D.experience17.A.who B.when C.how D.why18.A.whole B.successful C.thick D.right19.A.lies B.lays C.matches D.follows20.A.round B.up C.behind D.forward【答案】11.B12.D13.A14.C15.D16.A17.C18.B19.A20.C【解析】【分析】這篇短文主要介紹了作者是一個(gè)相信世上無(wú)難事只怕有心人的人。正是這種信念促使作者能成功地將自己心中所想的故事寫(xiě)成了一本書(shū)。【11題詳解】句意：因此，當(dāng)我決定寫(xiě)一本小說(shuō)的時(shí)候，我從來(lái)沒(méi)有做過(guò)這樣的事對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)并不重要。However然而；Therefore所以；Anyway不管怎樣；Otherwise否則。由“believesyoucanachieveanythingyousetyourmindto,ifyougiveityourallanddon'tgiveup”可知，作者是一個(gè)全力以赴、不放棄目標(biāo)的人，所以決定寫(xiě)小說(shuō)時(shí)，沒(méi)寫(xiě)過(guò)小說(shuō)并不重要；故用therefore表“因此，所以”。故選B?！?2題詳解】句意：對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)真正重要的是，我腦子里有一個(gè)偉大的故事，一個(gè)需要誕生的故事。made制作，使；organized組織；printed印刷；born出生。由“agreatstoryinmyhead,astorythatneededtobe…”可知，此處指作者腦海中的故事需要誕生，即需要將故事寫(xiě)出來(lái)。故選D。【13題詳解】句意：經(jīng)過(guò)五個(gè)月的寫(xiě)作，我終于到了完稿的那一天——那是一個(gè)神奇的日子，當(dāng)你輸入“結(jié)束”的時(shí)候。reached到達(dá)；got得到；tried嘗試；ran跑。由“Iatlast…the‘finishline’”可知，此處指作者到達(dá)了終點(diǎn)線(xiàn)，即故事的創(chuàng)作到了結(jié)局。故選A。【14題詳解】句意：我做的第一件事就是復(fù)制它，然后把它發(fā)送給我所有讀了很多書(shū)的朋友，以獲得創(chuàng)造性的批評(píng)。discussed討論；understood理解；read讀；praised贊揚(yáng)。由“sendingitouttoallofmyfriendswho…alot”可知，作者將自己的手稿發(fā)送給經(jīng)常閱讀的朋友來(lái)聽(tīng)取批評(píng)。故選C?！?5題詳解】句意：接下來(lái)，我請(qǐng)了一位專(zhuān)業(yè)人士，他給了我很好的建議，這意味著需要更多的重寫(xiě)。confidence自信；energy能量；comfort安慰；advice建議。由“whichmeantmorerewriting”可知，專(zhuān)業(yè)人士提出建議，作者再根據(jù)建議重寫(xiě)手稿。故選D?！?6題詳解】句意：總有改進(jìn)的空間。room空間；time時(shí)間；pleasure快樂(lè)；experience經(jīng)歷。由“Isoonlearnedalessoninwriting-writingisrewriting.Therewouldalwaysbe…forimprovement.”可知，作者不斷地重寫(xiě)手稿，因?yàn)槭指蹇偸怯羞M(jìn)步的空間。故選A。17題詳解】句意：在這兩年的時(shí)間里，我一遍又一遍地重寫(xiě)手稿，在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，我學(xué)會(huì)了如何寫(xiě)作。who誰(shuí)；when何時(shí)；how怎樣；why為什么。由“Ihadrewrittenthemanuscripttimeandtimeagain”可知，作者不斷地重寫(xiě)手稿，知道了如何寫(xiě)作。故選C?！?8題詳解】句意：寫(xiě)手稿是容易的部分，而繼續(xù)寫(xiě)一本成功的書(shū)是困難的部分。whole整個(gè)；successful成功的；thick厚的；right正確的。由“…writea…bookwasthehardpart.”可知，寫(xiě)手稿容易，但是寫(xiě)一本成功的書(shū)是困難的。故選B?！?9題詳解】句意：我看不到未來(lái)，但我有一件事是肯定的。lies躺，位于；lays產(chǎn)卵；matches比賽；follows跟隨。由“Ican'tseewhat…ahead”可知，作者看不到前方躺著什么；即作者看不到未來(lái)，lieahead“即將來(lái)臨”。故選A?！?0題詳解】句意：當(dāng)我回首往事時(shí)，看到的是我所取得的成就，我自豪的微笑。round環(huán)繞；up向上；behind在……后面；forward向前地。由“WhenIlook…IseethethingsthatI'veachievedandIsmilewithpride.”可知，此處指作者回顧往事時(shí)；lookbehind“回顧”。故選C。VIII.閱讀理解(共15小題,每小題2分,計(jì)30分)閱讀A、B、C、D四篇材料,然后從各小題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AInAmerica,justasinEurope,menusuallyopendoorsforwomen,andwomenalwayswalkaheadofmenintoaroomorarestaurant,unlessthemenhavetobeaheadoftheladiestochoosethetable,toopenthedoorofacarordosomeotherthingsliketheabove.Onthestreet,menalmostalwayswalkorcrossthestreetontheclosersideoftheladiestothetraffic(交通).Butifamanwalkswithtwoladies,heshouldwalkbetweenthem.Thenifthehost(主人)orhostess(女主人)orbothofthemcomeinacartogettheirguestfordinner,theguestshouldsitatthefrontseatandleavethebackseatthoughtherearenopeoplesittingonit.21.InAmerica,menusually_________.A.walkaheadofwomen B.eatinarestaurantC.walkbehindwomen D.driveacartowork22.Ifamanwalkswithtwoladies,heshould________.A.walkbetweenthem B.runbeforethemC.followthem D.goaway【答案】21.C22.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了在美國(guó)和歐洲，男士們通常為女士開(kāi)門(mén)。女士總是走在男士的前面。在大街上，男人們幾乎總是走在公路的內(nèi)側(cè)。但是，如果一個(gè)男士和兩位女士同時(shí)散步，他應(yīng)該走在他們之間。坐車(chē)去吃晚餐的時(shí)候，客人應(yīng)該坐在前排座位?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“InAmerica,justasinEurope,menusuallyopendoorsforwomen,andwomenalwayswalkaheadofmenintoaroomorarestaurant”可知，男士一般在女士的后面，故選C。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)“Butifamanwalkswithtwoladies,heshouldwalkbetweenthem”可知，與兩個(gè)女士一起走的時(shí)候，男士在兩位女士的中間，故選A。BWeallknowthatmanyinventionshavechangedourlifealotTheyplayimportantrolesinourdailylife.Herearesomeinterestinginventions.MorpherPeoplerefusetowearhelmets(頭盔)becausethey’rethickandheavy.Morpherisabikehelmetmadeofplastic(塑料).Itisjustasstrongastraditionalhelmets,butitcanbefoldedalmostcompletelyflat,makingiteasiertocarry.Morphermaybeavailableforsaleinstoresinthenearfuture.HyperAdaptHaveyoueverseenthemovieBacktotheFuture?Maybeeveryonewantsthepairofshoesinthemoviethatcantightenorloosenbythemselves.Now,thankstotheShoeFactory,thedreamisrealized.Whenyoupushabuttonontheshoe,HyperAdaptcantightenorloosenaroundthefeet.FlyteFlyteisalightbulbthatcanfloat(漂浮)andturn.FlytehasbeenpopularwithmostpeoplesinceitcameoutinJanuary.Thecompanyalsointroducedalotofsimilarproducts,includingaplanter,Lyfe,whichcameoutinJune.LittlePrinterItlookslovelyandiscalledLittlePrinter.Thismachinecanprintnewsheadlines(摘要),riddlesandotherthingsonaroll(卷)ofpaper.Ifyouwanttomakeyourownlittlenewspaper,don’tforgettouseit.23.Morpherismadeof_________.A.steel B.plastic C.gold D.wood24.What’sthemainuseoftheLittlePrinter?A.Toprotectourheadsmoresafely.B.Totightenorloosenbythemselvesaroundthefeet.C.Tofloatandturninthewater.D.Toprintnewsheadlines,riddlesandotherthings.25.Whatkindofinventioncanfloatinthepassage?A.Morpher. B.LittlePrinter. C.Flyte. D.HyperAdapt.【答案】23.B24.D25.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一些有趣的發(fā)明?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Morpherisabikehelmetmadeofplastic.”可知Morpher是塑料制作的。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItlookslovelyandiscalledLittlePrinter.Thismachinecanprintnewsheadlines,riddlesandotherthingsonarollofpaper.”可知LittlePrinter的主要用途是打印新聞?wù)⒅i語(yǔ)和其他東西。故選D?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Flyteisalightbulbthatcanfloatandturn.”可知Flyte能夠漂浮。故選C。CEveryonegetsangry.Manythingsmaymakeyouangry.Maybeyourteachergaveyoutoomuchhomework.Ormaybeafriendborrowedyourfavoritevideogameandthenbrokeit.Youmaygetangrywhensomethingdoesn’tgoyourway.Maybeyougetmadatyourselfwhenyourteamlosesanimportantgame.Ormaybeyoubecomearoadrager(路怒族)whenadriveraccidentallycutsinfrontofyou.Thatmakesyouangry!Youneedtoknowwhattodowithyouranger.Herearesomethingsyoucandowhenyoufeelangry:Talktoafriendyoucantrust.Countto10.Getorgiveahug.Takesomeexercise.Drawapictureofyouranger.Playavideogame.Runaroundtheoutsideofthehousefivetimesasfastasyoucan.SingalongwiththeCDplayer.Pullweedsinthegarden.Thinkgoodthoughts(maybeaboutafunvacationoryourfavoritesport).Takeabikeride,goskating,playbasketball—dosomethingactive!Nevergettingangryisimpossible.Butwhenyou’reangry,youcandosomethinganditcanmakethingsbetterorworse.Don’tletangerbethebossofyou.Takechargeofit!26.Inthepassage,thewritergivesus________piecesofadvice.A.ten B.elevenC.twelve D.thirteen27.Theunderlinedpart“whensomethingdoesn’tgoyourway”probablymeans________.A.whenyougetlostB.whenyouareonawrongwayC.whenyoumeetwithsomethingdifficultDwhenthingsdon’tgoasyouimagine28.Ifyourunaroundtheoutsideofyourhousefivetimes,andyourhouseisacircleof260meters,soyouwillrun________.A.1,300meters B.1,300kilometers C.1,360meters D.1,360kilometers29.Asfordoingwithanger,whichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?A.Talktoafriendyoubelieve. B.Getahug.C.Pullweedsinthegarden. D.Haveafightwithafriend.30.Thepassageismainlyabout________.A.howtodealwithyourangerB.lettingangerbethebossofyouC.drinkingmorewaterwhenyou’reangryD.doingsomethingactivewhenyou’reangry【答案】26.B27.D28.A29.D30.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹生氣時(shí)該怎么辦?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Talktoafriendyoucantrust.Countto10.Getorgiveahug...Takeabikeride,goskating,playbasketball—dosomethingactive!”可知，本文主要介紹了11條建議。故選B?！?7題詳解】句意猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Youmaygetangrywhensomethingdoesn’tgoyourway.Maybeyougetmadatyourselfwhenyourteamlosesanimportantgame.Ormaybeyoubecomearoadrager(路怒族)whenadriveraccidentallycutsinfrontofyou.”可知，當(dāng)你的團(tuán)隊(duì)輸?shù)袅吮荣?、前面的?chē)發(fā)生了事故使交通堵塞，你就會(huì)發(fā)火，即指發(fā)生的事情和你想象中的不一樣，故選D?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Runaroundtheoutsideofthehousefivetimesasfastasyoucan.”可知，一圈260米，要跑五圈，260米×5=1300米，故選A?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Talktoafriendyoucantrust.”“Getorgiveahug.”以及“Pullweedsinthegarden.”可知，D選項(xiàng)“和朋友打一架”未提及。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹生氣時(shí)該怎么辦。故選A。D“Whatisthenameofthesupermarket?Ican’trememberrightnow.”Haveyoueverheardyourgrandparentsaskquestionslikethissometimes?Usually,wethinkthatolderpeople’smemorybecomesbadbecausetheirbrainsgetweak.ButnowateamofscientistsattheUniversityofTubingeninCermanyhasanewidea.“Thehumanbrainworksslowerinoldage,”saysMichaelRamscar,theteam’sleadscientist,“onlybecauseithasstoredmoreinformationovertime.”Thefindingsarebasedonaseriesofcomputertestsrelatedtolearningandmemory.Scientistshadthecomputerreadacertainamountofwordsandlearnnewthingseachday.Whenthecomputer“read”asmallamountofdata(數(shù)據(jù)),itsperformanceoncognitive(認(rèn)知的)testswassimilartothatofayoungadult.Butifthecomputertookinlargeramountsofdata,itsperformancewassimilartothatofanolderadult.Oftenitwasslower,butnotbecauseitsprocessingabilityhaddropped.Rather,increased“experience”hadcausedthecomputer’sdatabasetogrow,givingitmoredatatoprocess—whichtakesmoretime.Thisissimilartohowoldpeopleprocessinformation.Imaginethatonepersonknowsjusttwopeople’sbirthdaysandcangetthemrighteachtimeheorsheisasked.Anotherpersonknowsthebirthdaysof2,000people,butcanonlymatchtherightpersontotherightbirthday9timesoutof10.Canyousaythefirstpersonhasabettermemorythanthesecondperson?“Thelargerthelibraryyouhaveinyourhead,thelongeritusuallytakestofindaparticularword,”BenedictCarey,asciencereporterforTheNewYorkTimes,wroteinanarticleaboutthestudy.31.Whyisthepoormemoryofelderlypeoplementionedatthebeginning?A.Tointroducethenewfindings.B.Todescribethewayelderlypeoplelive.C.Toexpresshisorhercareabouttheelderly.D.Todrawpublicattentiontoelderlypeople.32.Howdidthescientistsprove(論證)thenewidea?A.Bytellingstories. B.Bydoingexperiments.C.Bemakingsurveys. D.Bylistingothers’opinions.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”referto?A.Thedata. B.Thebrain. C.Thecomputer. D.Theinformation.34.TheexampleinParagraph3shows_________.A.MemorizingbirthdaysiseasyB.thefirstpersonhasabettermemoryC.whohasabettermemoryisuncertainD.thesecondpersoncanmemorize10%birthdays35.Whatdoesthetextmainlytellus?A.Howcomputersprocessdata.B.Howtoimprovememory.C.Oldpeoplecanrememberthingseasily.D.Moreinformationmakesthebrainslower.【答案】31.A32.B33.C34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文講述的是有關(guān)于老人記憶力的科學(xué)知識(shí)。人們通常認(rèn)為，老人記憶力變壞是因?yàn)榇竽X變?nèi)趿耍鋵?shí)經(jīng)過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)：這是因?yàn)槔先舜竽X中存儲(chǔ)的信息太多，讀取變慢了?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“What’sthenameofthesupermarket?Ican’trememberrightnow.”以及“Haveyoueverheardyourgrandparentsaskquestionslikethissometimes?”在文章的開(kāi)頭用幾個(gè)疑問(wèn)句，可以引起讀者的注意力，讓讀者想知道下文的內(nèi)容，從而引出新的發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選A?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thefindingsarebasedonaseriesofcomputertestsrelatedtolearningandmemory.”以及下文的描述，可知，科學(xué)家們是通過(guò)做實(shí)驗(yàn)來(lái)證明這個(gè)新想法的，故選B。【33題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“Butifthecomputertookinlargeramountsofdata,itsperformancewassimilartothatofanolderadult.”和“Oftenitwasslower...”可知，此處指的是“電腦”經(jīng)常會(huì)變得比較慢，所以“it”指代的是“電腦”，故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容“Imaginethatonepersonknowsjusttwopeople’sbirthdaysandcangetthemrighteachtimeheorsheisasked.Anotherpersonknowsthebirthdaysof2,000people,butcanonlymatchtherightpersontotherightbirthday9timesoutof10.Canyousaythefirstpersonhasabettermemorythanthesecondperson?”可知，本段的例子表明誰(shuí)的記憶力更好是不確定的，故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了老年人記憶力下降的原因，并不是由不好的記憶力導(dǎo)致的，經(jīng)過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)是因?yàn)槔先舜竽X中存儲(chǔ)的信息太多，讀取變慢了。故選D。IX.任務(wù)型閱讀(共5小題,每小題2分,計(jì)10分)閱讀短文，并按要求完成1-5題。Sometimespeoplecomeintoyourlifeandyouknowthattheyaretheretoteachyoualesson,ortohelpyouunderstandwhoyouareorwhoyouwanttobecome.Youneverknowthesepeoplewhomaybeaclassmate,aneighbororafriend—butwhenyoulockyoureyesonthem,youknowthatatthatverymomenttheywillinfluenceyourlifeinsomeways.Sometimesthingsthathappentoyoumayseemunpleasant,painful,orfrustratingatfirst.Butinanotherway,youfindthatwithoutgettingoverthosedifficultiesyouwouldhaveneverrealizedyourability,strengthorwillpower(意志力).5.Thepeopleyoumeetandthesuccessyougethelptocreatewhoyouareandwhoyoubecome.Eventhebadexperiencescanbelearnedfrom.Infact,theyaresometimesthemostimportantones.Ifsomeonelovesyou,givelovebacktotheminthewayyoucan,notonlybecausetheyloveyou,butbecauseinaway,theyareteachingyoutoloveandhowto________yourheartandeyestothings.Ifsomeonehurtsyou,you,orbreaksyourheart,forgivethem,fortheyhavehelpedyoulearnabouttrustandtheimportanceofbeingcarefulofpeoplearound.Self-confidenceisnecessarytoaperson.Ifyou’renotconfident,itwillbehardforotherstobelieveinyou.Learnalessoninlifeeachdayyoulive!1-2題為根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)略回答問(wèn)題；3題為找出與所給句子意思相近的句子；4題為完成句子；5題為英譯漢。36.Whocaninfluenceyourlifeinsomeways?____________________________________________________________37.Whatistheadvantageyoucangetfromunpleasantthings?____________________________________________________________38.It’snecessaryforapersontobelieveinhimself/herself.____________________________________________________________39.___________________________________________________40.___________________________________________________【答案】36.Aclassmate,aneighbororafriendcaninfluenceourlifeinsomeways.37.Withoutgettingoverthosedifficultieswewouldhaveneverrealizedourability,strengthorwillpower.38.Self-confidenceisnecessarytoaperson.39.open40.你所遇到的人和你所經(jīng)歷的成功有助于塑造你的現(xiàn)在和你的未來(lái)。【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了生命中有些人的存在是幫助你了解自己或者是給你上一課的。【36題詳解】根據(jù)“Youneverknowthesepeoplewhomaybeaclassmate,aneighbororafriend—butwhenyoulockyoureyesonthem,youknowthatatthatverymomenttheywillinfluenceyourlifeinsomeways.”可知，他們可能是你的同學(xué)、鄰居或朋友，他們將在某些方面影響你的生活。故填A(yù)classmate,aneighbororafriendcaninfluenceourlifeinsomeways.【37題詳解】根據(jù)“Butinanotherway,youfindthatwithoutgettingoverthosedifficultiesyouwouldhaveneverrealizedyourability,strengthorwillpower.”可知，另一方面，你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，如果沒(méi)有克服這些困難，你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)意識(shí)到自己的能力、力量或意志力；故填Withoutgettingoverthosedifficultieswewouldhaveneverrealizedourability,strengthorwillpower.【38題詳解】根據(jù)“It’snecessaryforapersontobelieveinhimself/herself.”可知，對(duì)于一個(gè)人來(lái)說(shuō)，相信自己是必要的，強(qiáng)調(diào)了自信的重要性，與句子“Self-confidenceisnecessarytoaperson.”同義；故填Self-confidenceisnecessarytoaperson.【39題詳解】根據(jù)“yourheartandeyestothings”可知，如何打開(kāi)你的心扉和眼睛去看待事物，open符合句意；故填open?！?0題詳解】Thepeopleyoumeet：你所遇到的人；thesuccessyouget你所經(jīng)歷的成功；helptocreate：有助于塑造；whoyouareandwhoyoubecome：你的現(xiàn)在和你的未來(lái)，故填：你所遇到的人和你所經(jīng)歷的成功有助于塑造你的現(xiàn)在和你的未來(lái)。X.詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用(共10小題,每小題1分,計(jì)10分)根據(jù)句意及所給提示，補(bǔ)全單詞或用單詞、固定短語(yǔ)、固定搭配的正確形式填空。Learningisalifelongjourney.Weallwanttoknowhowtolearnbetter.Ihopemyadvicecanhelpyou____41____little.First,havesomelearning____42____(plan)beforeexams.Thiscouldbefromonemonthtosixmonths.Thistimelengthdependsonthe____43____(important)oftheexam.Ifyouarelearningforthefinalexam,you’d____44____(good)makeaone-monthplan.Second,thinkabout____45____(you)environment.Makesuretheplacewhereyouaregoingtolearniscomfortablewithenoughlight.However,ifyouarethatkindofpersonthatlikeslisteningtomusicwhilelearning,youhavetofindoutwhatkindofmusic____46____(work)bestforyou.____47____(general)speaking,it’sbestforyoutochooseclassicalmusicinsteadofpop____48____rockmusic.___49___(three),haveenoughrest.Ifyoulearnfortoolong,yourmindwillworklesseffectively.Manypeoplesuggested____50____(learn)anhourwithaten-minutebreak.【答案】41.a42.plans43.importance44.better45.your46.works47.Generally48.or49.Third50.learning【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文就如何更好地學(xué)習(xí)給出了幾條建議【41題詳解】句意：我希望我的建議能對(duì)你有所幫助。根據(jù)“helpyou...little.”可知，此處是指希望幫助你一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)。alittle放句末，意為“一點(diǎn)”。故填a?！?2題詳解】句意：首先，在考試前制定一些學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃。some后跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填plans。【43題詳解】句意：這個(gè)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度取決于考試的重要性。固定短語(yǔ)theimportanceof“……的重要性”。故填importance?！?4題詳解】句意：如果你正在為期末考試學(xué)習(xí)，你最好制定一個(gè)一個(gè)月的計(jì)劃。固定短語(yǔ)hadbetterdosth.“最好做某事”。故填better?！?5題詳解】句意：其次，考慮你的環(huán)境?？仗幮栌眯稳菰~性物主代詞your“你的”，修飾其后的名詞“environment”。故填your?！?6題詳解】句意：但是，如果你是那種喜歡邊聽(tīng)音樂(lè)邊學(xué)習(xí)的人，那你就得弄清楚什么樣的音樂(lè)最適合你。根據(jù)“ifyouarethatkindofperson”可知，本句是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；此處主語(yǔ)“whatkindofmusic”是單數(shù)，動(dòng)詞需用三單形式。故填works?！?7題詳解】句意：一般來(lái)說(shuō)。固定短語(yǔ)generallyspeaking“一般來(lái)說(shuō)”。故填Generally?！?8題詳解】句意：你最好選擇古典音樂(lè)而不是流行音樂(lè)或搖滾音樂(lè)。根據(jù)“pop...rockmusic.”可知，此處是指流行音樂(lè)或搖滾音樂(lè)，表示選擇關(guān)系用or“或者”。故填or?！?9題詳解】句意：第三，有足夠的休息。根據(jù)“First...Second...”可知，此處是表示第三，用序數(shù)詞。故填Third?！?0題詳解】句意：許多人建議學(xué)習(xí)一個(gè)小時(shí)，休息十分鐘。固定短語(yǔ)suggestdoingsth.“建議做某事”。故填learning。XI.基礎(chǔ)寫(xiě)作(包括A、B兩部分,A部分5分,B部分15分,共計(jì)20分)A)連詞成句(共5小題,每小題1分,計(jì)5分)將所給單詞連成完整、正確的句子。(單詞不得重復(fù)使用,標(biāo)點(diǎn)已給出)51.the,final,yesterday,ping-pong,match,was,held_______________________________________________.【答案】Thefinalping-pongmatchwasheldyesterday##Yesterdaythefinalping-pongmatchwasheld【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)所給詞及句點(diǎn)可知此處是陳述句。thefinalping-pongmatch作主語(yǔ)；washeld作謂語(yǔ)；yesterday是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，用于句首或句末均可。故填Thefinalping-pongmatchwasheldyesterday/Yesterdaythefinalping-pongmatchwasheld“昨天舉行了最后一場(chǎng)乒乓球比賽”。52.became,winner,John,the_______________________________________________.【答案】Johnbecamethewinner【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)可知應(yīng)為陳述句。分析所給單詞，John作主語(yǔ)，became作系動(dòng)詞；thewinner名詞，作表語(yǔ)。故答案為：Johnbecamethewinner“約翰成為了勝利者”。53.very,he,excited,felt______________________________________________.【答案】Hefeltveryexcited【解析】【詳解】根據(jù)所給標(biāo)點(diǎn)可知應(yīng)用陳述句形式。分析所給單詞：he作主語(yǔ)；felt作謂語(yǔ)；excited作表語(yǔ)；very是程度