高考英語試題分項(xiàng)版解析專題13人物傳記故事類含解析

專題13人物傳記、故事類

2018年高考題

A[2018?浙江卷】

In1812,theyearCharlesDickenswasborn,therewere66novelspublishedinBritain.People

hadbeenwritingnovelsforacentury—mostexpertsdatethefirstnoveltoRobinsonCrusoein

1719—

butnobodywantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearly

stages;theliteracy（識(shí)字）rateinEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffictionappearedwithout

thenamesoftheauthors,oftenwithsomething1ike“Byalady.nNovels,forthemostpart,were

lookeduponassilly,immoral,orjustplainbad.

In1870,whenDickensdied,theworldmournedhimasitsfirstprofessionalwriterandpublisher,

famousandbeloved,whohadledanexplosioninboththepublicationofnovelsandtheirreadership

andwhosecharacters-fromOliverTwisttoTinyTim-wereheldupasmoraltouchstones.Today

Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.Removinghimfromthepantheon（名人堂）ofEnglishliterature

wouldmakeaboutasmuchsenseastheLouvresellingofftheMonaLisa.

HowdidDickensgettothetop?Forallthefeelingsreadersattachtostories,literature

isanumbersgame,andthetestoftimeisextremelydifficulttopass.Some60,000novelswere

publishedduringtheVictorianage,from1837tol901;todayacasualreadermightbeabletoname

ahalf-dozenofthem.It'spartlytruethatDickens'styleofwritingattractedaudiences

fromal1walksoflife.It'spart1ythathiswritingsrodeawaveofsocial,politicaland

scientificprogress.Butit'salsothatherewrotethecultureofliteratureandputhimself

atthecenter.Noonewilleverknowwhatmixoftalent,ambition,energyandluckmadeDickens

suchasingularwriter.Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible-

andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

21.WnichofthefollowingbestdescribesBritishnovelsinthe18'hcentury?

A.Theyweredifficulttounderstand.

B.Th3ywerepopularamongtherich.

C.Thsywereseenasnearlyworthless.

D.Theywerewrittenmostlybywomen.

22.DickensiscomparedwiththeMonaLisainthetext,tostress_______.

A.hisreputationinFrance

B.hisinterestinmodernart

C.hissuccessinpublication

D.hisimportanceinliterature

23.Wnatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Torememberagreatwriter.

B.TointroduceanEnglishnovel.

C.Toencouragestudiesonculture.

D.TopromotevaluesoftheVictorianage.

【答案】21.C22.D23.A

【解析】本文寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200周年前夕，介紹了CharlesDickens在英國小說方面的重要

貢獻(xiàn)和深遠(yuǎn)影響。

21.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)情況的描寫nobodywantedtodo：tprofessionally.Thesteam-powered

printingpresswasstillmitsearlystages;theliteracy（短手）ratemEnglandwasunder50%.Manyworksoffiction

appearedwithoutthenamesoftheauthors...Novels：forthemostpart,werelookeduponassilly,immoral：orjust

p：ambad.E[l刷技術(shù)落后，人們識(shí)字率低，作品上沒有作者名字，小說被認(rèn)為是愚蠢的不正常的，毫無價(jià)值

可言。故選Co

22.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段Dickens'greatnessisunchallenged.和列舉的CharlesDickens小說的

影響可知，把他和MonaLisa相比是為了說明CharlesDickens在英國小說方面的重要性和MonaLisa在

繪畫方面的重要性是一樣的，故選D。

23.寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文中對(duì)CharlesDickens及其作品在英國小說史上重要性的描寫，和文章最后Butas

the290thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itispossible—andimportantforourown

culture一tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.可知本文是寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200

周年前夕，由此可知作者寫本文是為了紀(jì)念這位偉大的作家。故選A。

【點(diǎn)睛】

推理判斷題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上，做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含的意思和深層的意思，

也就是通過文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知的信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達(dá)

的態(tài)度和觀點(diǎn)。

本文推理判斷題的考法：

1.推測文章的觀點(diǎn)或結(jié)論C小題1要求判斷18世紀(jì)英國小說的現(xiàn)狀，根據(jù)第一段對(duì)當(dāng)時(shí)情況的描寫nobody

wantedtodoitprofessionally.Thesteam-poweredprintingpresswasstillinitsearlystages;

theliteracyrateinEnglandwasunder50%.Novels,werelookeduponassilly,immoral,orjust

plainbad.可知當(dāng)時(shí)印刷技術(shù)落后，人們識(shí)字率低，小說被認(rèn)為是愚套的不正常的，毫無價(jià)值可言。

2.推測作者寫作目的或意圖。小題3判斷本文的寫作目的，根據(jù)文中對(duì)CharlesDickens及其作品在英國

小說史上重要性的描寫，和文章最后Butasthe200thanniversaryofhisbirthapproaches,itis

possible—andimportantforourownculture-tounderstandhowhemadehimselfalastingone.

可知本文是寫于CharlesDickens誕辰200周年前夕，由此推斷作者寫本文是為了紀(jì)念這位偉大的作家。

B【2018?天津卷】

WnenIwas17,IreadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledtheMcNay,oncethehomeof

awatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.Shehadrequestedthecommunitytoturnitintoamuseumupon

herdeath.OnasunnySaturday,SallyandIdroveovertothemuseum.Sheasked,“Doyouhave

theaddress?”"No,butI'11recognizeit,therewasapictureinthemagazine.”

"Uh,stop.Thereitis!”

Tnemuseumwasfree.Weentered,excited.Agroupofpeoplesittinginthehallstoppedtalking

andstaredatus.

“MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTourguidesgotonmynerves.

Whatiftheytalkedalongtimeaboutapaintingyouweren5tthatinterestedin?Sallyhadgone

upstairs.Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（愛窺探的），keepingtheireyesonmewithcuriosity.

Whatwastheirproblem?Isawsomenicesculpturesinoneroom.SuddenlyIsensedamanstanding

behindme."Wheredoyouthinkyouare?”heasked.Iturnedsharply."TheMcNayArtMuseum!*

Hesmiled,shakinghishead."Sorry,theMcNayisonNewBraunfelsStreet.”"What'sthisplace?”

Iasked,stillconfused."Well,it'sourhome."Myheartjolted（震顫）.Iracedtothestaircase

andcalledout,“Sally!Comeclownimmediately!〃

“There'ssomereallygoodstuff（藝術(shù)作品）upthere."Shesteppecdown,lookingconfused.I

pushedhertowardthefrontdoor,wavingatthefamily,saying,“Sorry,pleaseforgiveus,you

haveareallyniceplace.〃Outside,whenItoldSallywhathappened,shecoveredhermouth,laughing.

Shecouldn'tbelievehowlongtheyletuslookaroundwithoutsayinganything.

TnerealMcNaywassplendid,butwefeltnervousthewholetimewewerethere.VanGogh,Picasso.

Thistime,westayedtogether,incaseanythingelseunusualhappened.

Tnirtyyears1ater,awomanapproachedmeinapuhlic.place.^Excuseme,didyoueverenter

aresidence,longago,thinkingitwastheMcNayMuseum?”

“Yes.Buthowdoyouknow?Wenevertoldanyone.”

“Thatwasmyhome.Iwasateenagersittinginthehall.Beforeyoucameover,Ineverrealized

whatabeautifulplaceIlivedin.Ineverfeltluckybefore.Youthoughtitwasamuseum.My

feelingsaboutmyhomechangedafterthat.I'vealwayswantedtothankyou.”

41.WnatdoweknowaboutMarianMcNay?

A.Shawasapainter.

B.Shewasacommunityleader.

C.Shewasamuseumdirector.

I).Shewasajournalist.

42.Waydidtheauthorrefusethehelpfromthemaninthehouse?

A.Sh?dislikedpeoplewhowerenosy.

B.Shafeltnervouswhentalkingtostrangers.

C.Shsknewmoreaboutartthantheman.

D.Shemistookhimforatourguide.

43.Howdidtheauthorfeelaboutbeingstaredatbythepeopleinthehal1?

A.Puzzled.B.Concerned.

C.Frightened.D.Delighted.

44.WnydidtheauthordescribetherealMcNaymuseuminjustafewwords?

A.Thsrealmuseumlackedenoughartworktointeresther.

B.Shawastooupsettospendmuchtimeattherealmuseum.

C.ThsMcNaywasdisappointingcomparedwiththehouse.

I).Theeventhappeninginthehousewasmoresignificant.

45.Wnatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?

A.Peopleshouldhavegoodtastetoenjoylife.

B.Peopleshouldspendmoretimewiththeirfamily.

C.Peopletendtobeblindtothebeautyaroundthem.

D.Peopletendtoeducateteenagersatamuseum.

【答案】41.A42.D43.A44.D45.C

【解析】本文是一篇記敘文c文章作者和朋友原想?yún)⒂^McNay博物館，到了之后參觀的時(shí)候，發(fā)現(xiàn)很多人

奇怪的看著她，最后才發(fā)現(xiàn)自己誤將一個(gè)私人住宅當(dāng)成McNay博物館。30年后，一位女士認(rèn)出誤撞入自己

住宅的作者，指出正是因?yàn)樽髡叩恼`撞入才讓她意識(shí)到自己住的地方有多么美麗。

41.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段WhenIwas17,Ireadamagazinearticleaboutamuseumcalledthe

McNay.oncethehomeofawatercoloristnamedMarianMcNay.可知，MarianMcNay是一名水彩畫家。

故選A。

42.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段"MayIhelpyou?”amanasked."No,"Isaid."We'refine.MTour

guidesgotonmynerves.可知，導(dǎo)游令作者心煩，作者誤認(rèn)為屋子里的男人是位導(dǎo)游。故選D。

43.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段Thepeopleinthehallseemedverynosy（愛窺探的），keepingtheir

eyesonmewithcuriosity.Whatwastheirproblem?（大廳的人看起來都非常愛窺探的，眼睛不停的

好奇的看著我。他們有什么問題？）可以推斷出，作者當(dāng)時(shí)感到困惑不解。故選A。

44.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，作者看墨點(diǎn)主要在敘述參觀誤當(dāng)成XcNav博物館的私人住宅上，故這才

是文章的重心，所以將真正的McNay博物餡敘述一帶而過。故選D。

45.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Beforeyoucameover；IneverrealizedwhatabeautifulplaceIlivedin可知,

在作者未造訪她家之前，這位女士從未意識(shí)到自己住的地方多么美麗，從而可以推斷出，人們往往對(duì)周圍

的美而不見。故選C。

【點(diǎn)睛】本文是敘事性的文章，文章有一定的趣味性，整體難度中等，考查主要以細(xì)節(jié)理解和推理判斷兩

類題型。推理判斷題屬于主觀性較強(qiáng)的高層次閱讀理解題，做這類題目時(shí)，同學(xué)們要嚴(yán)格依據(jù)作者所陳述

的細(xì)節(jié)、事實(shí)以及作者的措詞、態(tài)度和語氣，找出能夠表露作者思想傾向和感情色彩的詞句，然后利用自

己已獲得的相關(guān)知識(shí)進(jìn)行推理判斷，從而得出符合邏輯的結(jié)論。如小題3中考查作者被人盯著看的感受，

我們需要找到文章中作者的措詞nosy,curiosity和problem,可以推斷出作者當(dāng)時(shí)非常困惑不解的心理感

受。

A【2018?北京卷】

MyFirstMarathon（馬拉松）

Amonthbeforemyfirstmarathon,oneofmyankleswasinjuredandthismeantnotrunning

fortuoweeks,leavingmeonlytwoweekstotrain.Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoahead.

Irememberbacktomy7thyearinschool.InmyfirstP.E.class,theteacherrequiredus

torunlapsandthenhit.asoft.bal1.1dicin'tdocitherwel1.He1aterinformedmethatIwas”

notathletic".

TneideathatIwas"notathletic"stuckwithmeforyears.WhenIstartedrunninginmy

30s,Irealizedrunningwasabattleagainstmyself,notaboutcompetitionorwhetherornotI

wasathletic.Itwasallaboutthebattleagainstmyownbodyandmind.Atestofwills!

Tnenightbeforemymarathon,IdreamtthatIcouldn,tevenfindthefinishline.Iwoke

upsweatingandnervous,butreadytoprovesomethingtomyself.

Shortlyaftercrossingthestartline,myshoelaces（鞋帶）becameuntied.SoIstoppedto

readjjst.NotthestartIwanted!

Atmile3,Ipassedasign:11GOFORIT,RUNNERS!"

Bymile17,Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.Despitethepain,

Istayedthecoursewalkingabitandthenrunningagain.

Bymile21,Iwasstarving!

AsIapproachedmile23,Icouldseemywifewavingasign.Sheismybiggestfan.Shenever

mindedthealarmclocksoundingat4a.m.orquestionedmyexpensesonrunning.

Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igot

thesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplacehad.

Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameandworldlylabels（世俗標(biāo)簽），Icannow

callmyselfa"marathonwinner".

36.Amonthbeforethemarathon,theauthor___________.

A.waswelltrainedB.feltscared

C.madeuphismindtorunD.losthope

37.A'hydidtheauthormentiontheP.E.classinhis7thyear?

A.Toacknowledgethesupportofhisteacher.

B.Toamusethereaderswithafunnystory.

C.Toshowhewasnottalentedinsports.

D.Toshareapreciousmemory.

38.Howwastheauthorysfirstmarathon?

A.Hemadeit.B.Hequithalfway.

C.Hegotthefirstprize.

D.Hewalkedtotheend.

39.A'hatdoesthestorymainlytellus?

A.Amanoweshissuccesstohisfamilysupport.

B.Awinnerisonewithagreateffortofwill.

C.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

D.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.

C2[2018?北京卷]

A

【要點(diǎn)綜述】本文是一篇故事類文章。作者記敘了沒有運(yùn)動(dòng)天賦的他，在20多歲才開始長跑，但是一次

在跑馬拉松比賽前夕踝關(guān)節(jié)受傷，但他堅(jiān)持不懈，最終實(shí)現(xiàn)了自我的故事。

36.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“Yet,Iwasdeterminedtogoaheadw可知，作者在馬拉松

前一個(gè)月下定決心要參加馬拉松比賽。故選C。

37.C寫作意圖題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"HelaterinformedmethatIwas"notathletic””可知，

作者的經(jīng)歷證明他在運(yùn)動(dòng)方面并非很有天賦。故選C。

38.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Iwasoneofthefinalrunnerstofinish.ButIfinished!

AndIgotamedal.Infact,Igotthesamemedalastheonethattheguywhocameinfirstplace

had.”以及前文中作者行進(jìn)經(jīng)過的標(biāo)志可知，雖然作者是最后到達(dá)終點(diǎn)的一批馬拉松選手，但是他跑完了

全程。故選A。

39.B主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章最后一段Determinedtobemyself,moveforward,freeofshameand

worldlylabels（世俗標(biāo)簽），Icannowcallmyselfamarathonwinnerv”可知，作者享受到了戰(zhàn)勝

自我的快樂，認(rèn)為只要努力了就算是勝利者。故選B。

2017年高考題

人物傳記類

C1[2017?浙江卷6月考]

A

BenjaminWest,thefatherofAmericanpainting,showedhistalentforartwhenhewasonly

sixyearsofage.Buthedidnotknowaboutbrushesbeforeavisitortoldhimheneededone.In

thosedays,abrushwasmadefromcamel'shair.Therewerenocamelsnearby.Benjamindecided

thateathairwouldworkinstead.Hecutsomefurfromthefamilycattomakeabrush.

Tnebrushdidnotlastlong.SoonBenjaminneededmorefur.Beforelong,thecatbeganto

lookraggedG莖舌）L.Hisfathersaidthatthecat.musthesick.Benjaminwasforcedtoadmitwhat

hehadbeendoing.

Tnccat'slotwasabouttoimprov。.Thatyear,oneofBenjaminscousins,MrPennington,

cametovisit.HewasimpressedwithBenjamin'sdrawings.Whenhewenthome,hesentBenjamin

aboxofpaintandsomebrushes.Healsosentsixengravings（版畫）byanartist.Thesewerethe

firstpicturesandfirstrealpaintandbrushesBenjaminhadeverseen.

In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold,MrPenningtonreturnedforanothervisit.Hewas

amazedatwhatBenjaminhaddonewithhisgift.HeaskedBenjamin，sparentsifhemighttakethe

boybacktoPhiladelphiaforavisit.

Inthecity,MrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreatingoilpaintings.Theboybegan

alandscape（風(fēng)景）painting.WilliamWilliams,awell-knownpainter>cametoseehimwork.

WilliamswasimpressedwithBenjaminandgavehimtwoclassicbooksonpaintingtotakehome.

Thebookswerelonganddull.Benjamincouldreadonlyalittle,havingbeenapoorstudent.But

helatersaid,“Thosetwobooksweremycompanionsbyday,andundermypillowatnight."While

itislikelythatheunderstoodverylittleofthebooks,theywerehisintroductiontoclassical

paintings.Thenine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.

21.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Benjamin,svisittoPhiladelphia.

B.Williams'influenceonBenjamin.

C.ThebeginningofBenjamin,slifeasanartist.

D.ThefriendshipbetweenBenjaminandPennington.

22.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinParagraph3suggest?

A.Thecatwouldbecloselywatched.

B.Thecatwou1dgetsomemedicalcare.

C.Benjaminwouldleavehishomeshortly.

D.Benjaminwouldhaverealbrushessoon.

23.WhatdidPenningtondotohelpBenjamindevelophistalent?

A.Hetookhimtoseepaintingexhibitions.

B.Heprovidedhimwithpaintingmaterials.

C.HesenthimtoaschoolinPhiladelphia.

D.Hetaughthimhowtomakeengravings.

24.Williams'twobookshelpedBenjaminto.

A.mastertheuseofpaints

B.appreciatelandscapepaintings

C.gettoknowotherpainters

D.makeuphismindtobeapainter

【文章大意】本文是一篇人物介紹類的記敘文，主要講述了美國繪畫之父本杰明?韋斯特小時(shí)候繪畫

天賦的培養(yǎng)和他在6至9歲時(shí)受到的藝術(shù)啟蒙教育。

21.C主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段首句BenjaminWest…showedhistalentforartwhen…”，

以及下文第四段首句提到的“In1747,whenBenjaminwasnineyearsold…”和最后一段內(nèi)容及最后一

句“…boydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist.”，并結(jié)合全文可知，文章主要講述了BenjaminWest

（本杰明?韋斯特）少年時(shí)代的藝術(shù)啟蒙，特別是6?9歲階段，所以C項(xiàng)能概括全文大意。

22.D句意理解題。該句需要結(jié)合上下文來理解。根據(jù)上文第二段提到本杰明剪貓的毛來制作畫筆，

導(dǎo)致貓的“毀毛破相”，而第三段提到本杰明的堂兄Pennington給他送來了很多畫畫的顏料和畫筆。由此

我們可以推斷，該下劃線句子內(nèi)容說明“貓的命運(yùn)不久將得到改善”，而這一點(diǎn)可以從本杰明得到了很多畫

筆資助推斷出來。故這句話隱含著“本杰明將很快不再需要用貓的毛制作畫筆了，他將得到很多真正的畫

筆”的意思，答案選I）項(xiàng)。

23.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第五段首句IntheMrPenningtongaveBenjaminmaterialsforcreating

。:IpamtmgL可知，為了更好地培養(yǎng)本杰明的畫面天賦，堂兄Pennmgum給了他很多幫助，提供了創(chuàng)作用的

材料等，放選B項(xiàng).

24.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段本杰明說的話，以及"\\［：：€；1：3：代《￥山31加皿1€1400出"11^

nine-year-oldboydecidedthenthathewouldbeanartist,“可知，著名畫家\Wl:am給予的兩本關(guān)千繪畫的著作

啟迪了本杰明幼小的心靈，幫助他打開了通往偉大藝術(shù)的殿堂之門，使他立志成為藝術(shù)家，所以答案選D

項(xiàng).

【名師點(diǎn)睛】

本文后兩個(gè)小題考查了細(xì)節(jié)題。在完成細(xì)節(jié)題時(shí)，要特別注意排除干擾項(xiàng)。如【小題23】中的D項(xiàng)“Hetaught

himhowtomakeengravings^屬于“偷梁換柱”類干擾項(xiàng)，根據(jù)第三段第五句"Healsosentsixengravings

byanartist”可知"這些版畫是Pennington送給Benjamin的"，并非是Pennington教Benjamin如何畫

版畫，說明D項(xiàng)明顯錯(cuò)誤。

干擾項(xiàng)的設(shè)置方法通常有以下幾種方式：

1.張冠李戴。命題者把文章作者的觀點(diǎn)與他人的觀點(diǎn)混淆起來，題干問的是作者的觀點(diǎn)，選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的

卻是他人的觀點(diǎn)；或者題干問的是他人的觀點(diǎn)，卻把作者的觀點(diǎn)放到選項(xiàng)中云。

2.偷梁換柱。干擾項(xiàng)用了與原文相似的句型結(jié)構(gòu)和大部分相似的詞匯，卻在不易引人注意的地方換了幾

個(gè)詞匯，造成句意的改變。

3.無中生有。干擾項(xiàng)往往是生活的基本常識(shí)和普遍接受的觀點(diǎn)，但在原文中并無相關(guān)的信息支持點(diǎn)，這

種選項(xiàng)的設(shè)置往往與問題的設(shè)問亳不相干。

4.以偏概全。考生在做猜測文章中心思想、給文章添加標(biāo)題或判斷推理題時(shí)，往往會(huì)犯以偏概全的錯(cuò)誤。

產(chǎn)生這類錯(cuò)誤的原因是考生受思維定勢的影響或考慮不周，以局部代替整體。其具體表現(xiàn)為合理關(guān)聯(lián)與不

合理關(guān)聯(lián)、準(zhǔn)確概括與不準(zhǔn)確概括之間的錯(cuò)位。不合理關(guān)聯(lián)就是表層理解與深層理解相混淆。表層理解是

對(duì)文章中客觀事實(shí)的感知和記憶，往往是文章直接表述的結(jié)論；深層理解則是對(duì)文章中的客觀事實(shí)進(jìn)行邏

輯推理、總結(jié)或概括后得出的結(jié)論。不準(zhǔn)確概括是指不能準(zhǔn)確地按題目要求概括或提取文中的表層或深層

信息。

考點(diǎn)：考查記敘文閱讀

故事類

[2017?北京卷]

A

ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftball

teamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.

Eighth-graderTaylorBisbeeshivered（發(fā)科）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.

Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell-Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.

Sjddenly,Parisfelltotheground."Paris'seyesrolledback,“Taylorsays."Shestarted

shaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.n

Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,

Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshouted

out,“DoesanyoneknowCPR?”

C?Risalife-savingtechnique.T。doCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatblood

movesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.

Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn't

thinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegan

doingCPR.aTtwasscary.Tknewitivasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath,“saysTaylor.

Taylor,sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomoreranto

gettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshockthe

heartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:Paris*sheartbeatreturned.

uIknowIwasreallylucky?”Parissaysnow."Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteam

savedmylife.”

ExpertssayParisisright:forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvival

ishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.

Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantsto

beanurse."Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow,“Taylorsays."IknowIcanactunder

pressureinascarysituation.w

55.WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?

A.Shecaughtabadcold.

B.Shehadasuddenheartproblem.

C.Shewasknockeddownbyaball.

D.Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.

57.WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?

A.Shemadeaworthyfriend.

B.Sherecoveredfromshock.

C.ShereceivedimmediateCPR.

D.Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.

53.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?

A.Enthusiasticandkind.

B.Courageousandcalm.

C.Cooperativeandgenerous.

D.Ambitiousandprofessional.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文，講述了壘球女孩Paris在打球的過程中突然心力衰竭，隊(duì)友

Taylor對(duì)其進(jìn)行了緊急心肺復(fù)蘇，Paris因此恢復(fù)了心跳的故事。文章旨在說明病人心力衰竭時(shí)，其他人

保持冷靜并對(duì)其進(jìn)行緊急心肺復(fù)蘇的重要性。

55.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheart

failure.w可知，Paris突然心力衰竭.所以答案為山

57.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段可知隊(duì)友的協(xié)助使Paris得到了及時(shí)的救助，所以Paris說自己很幸

運(yùn)。故答案為C。

53.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中"Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisand

begandoingCPR."可知Taylor非常的勇敢,以及第六段首句"Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedher

teammatescalmdown.”可知，Taylor是一個(gè)勇敢、冷靜的女孩，所以答案為B。

【名師點(diǎn)睛】

故事類文章是高考閱讀理解常選材料之一。這類文章常通過敘述突出人物性格特征或講述個(gè)人經(jīng)歷與感悟,

以及逸聞趣事。文章的要素有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事件等。有些是按事件發(fā)展的經(jīng)過為主線敘述的，在敘

述的過程中有詳有略；有些是按時(shí)間的順序敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。

解題技巧：

1、高考選用的此類文章常常為幽默類或情感類故事，其目的或闡明某種觀點(diǎn)，或抨擊某種陋習(xí)，或贊揚(yáng)

某種品德，所以要關(guān)注作者表達(dá)的個(gè)人感悟，提出的個(gè)人意見，或故事中出其不意的變化，而這些往往體

現(xiàn)文章中心或?qū)懽饕鈭D，屬于必考點(diǎn)。如本題中的第58題，總結(jié)人物品質(zhì)的，Taylor根據(jù)自己所學(xué)的CPR

知識(shí)及時(shí)的挽救了Paris的生命，雖然猶豫了，但是很快地進(jìn)行CPR搶救，說明她很勇敢，很鎮(zhèn)靜，不慌

不忙，不像其他孩子那樣陷入驚慌之中，故選B。

2、該類文章語言流暢、有趣，命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事件之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和態(tài)度、故事

的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)的辨認(rèn)能力以及推理判斷能力。這類文章同學(xué)們常有文章易懂,

題FI不易做的感覺。要注意培養(yǎng)自己快速閱讀的習(xí)慣。切不可在個(gè)別難懂的詞句上停留太久，耽誤時(shí)間。

3、對(duì)整篇短文內(nèi)容有了一定的了解后，要馬上看短文后的問題，帶著問題去選擇或判斷答案。要確定

所需查找的信息范圍，并注意所查找信息的特點(diǎn)。例如：如果問題或選項(xiàng)涉及到人名、地名，就應(yīng)該找首

字母大寫的單詞；如果問題或選項(xiàng)涉及時(shí)間、日期、數(shù)字，就應(yīng)該尋找具體的數(shù)據(jù)。

[2017?全國卷I]

B

1workwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretum

inLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;

survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.

IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（貓頭鷹）onthe

ground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrier

forsafety.

Iexaminedthechick（雄鳥）anditseemedfine.IfTennld1ocat.ethenest,Tmighthavebeen

abletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.

Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothe

baskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquickly

calmeddown.

Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecording

ofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymight

alsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossible

andheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.

Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!Thehomeowner

calledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechick

inthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsight

ofall—LUNCH!Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.

24.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor,srescueworkaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Effortsmadeinvain.

B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.

C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.

D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.

25.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?

A.Torescueawoman.

B.Totakecareofawoman.

C.Tolookatababyowl.

D.Tocureayoungowl.

26.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?

A.Anewnest.

B.Somefood.

C.Arecording.

D.Itsparents.

27.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?

A.It'sunexpected.

R.Tt?sheaut.ifill.

C.It'shumorous.

D.It,sdiscouraging.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要介紹了作者救助一只小貓頭鷹，給它做新的窩，幫助它回

到父母身邊的故事。

24.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Trymgtohelpinjureddisplacedorsickcreaturescanbe

heartbreaking;survivalismvercertam」可知，救助受傷動(dòng)物是令人心碎的，因?yàn)椴恢辣痪戎膭?dòng)物是否能

活下去，也就是為救助動(dòng)物而花費(fèi)的努力可能會(huì)自轉(zhuǎn)，這是不可避免的.故選A.

25.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的"Shehadfoundayoungowl（貓頭鷹）ontheground.When

Iarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.”可知，有人給作者打電話是因?yàn)橛兄恍∝堫^鷹掉在地上了，

作者趕過去看看情況。文中并沒有說小貓頭鷹受傷了，作者只是過去看情況，所以D選項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤。故選C。

26.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的"Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmed

down.”可知，在作者把小貓頭鷹放在窩里之后，它很快就平靜下來，所以是窩讓小貓頭鷹平靜下來的。故

選A。

27.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文描述可知作者為小貓頭鷹做了窩，并且?guī)椭一亓怂母改?。作者?/p>

救助成功了，說明結(jié)局是美好的。再結(jié)合第一段的“However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.w

可推冽，作者感覺很美好。故選B。

【名師點(diǎn)睛】

盡管近幾年高考英語閱讀試題中推斷題呈不斷上升的趨勢，但細(xì)節(jié)題仍然占有較大比例，而且已由過

去簡單的對(duì)號(hào)入座直接答題轉(zhuǎn)向通過語句的同義或反義轉(zhuǎn)換來考查考生對(duì)英語語言的理解能力，因此難度

比往年有所增加。

對(duì)于直接信息的細(xì)節(jié)題來說，考生可以首先從問題中找到關(guān)鍵詞，然后以此為線索，運(yùn)用略讀及查閱

的技巧在文中迅速尋找這一細(xì)節(jié)，找到后再把這一部分內(nèi)容仔細(xì)閱讀一遍，仔細(xì)比較所給選項(xiàng)與文中細(xì)節(jié)

的細(xì)微區(qū)別，在準(zhǔn)確理解細(xì)節(jié)的前提下，最后確定最佳答案。

而細(xì)節(jié)理解題是介于事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題和推理判斷題之間的一種題型，做這類題目時(shí)，考生需要對(duì)原文信息

進(jìn)行加工處理，然后再進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的推理或鑒別，這對(duì)考生來說有一定難度。

例如第25題WhywastheauthorcalledtoMutton