Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand詞匯講解課件高中英語人教版選擇性

詞匯講解選擇性必修二

Unit4JourneyAcrossaVastLand單詞預(yù)習(xí)檢測——英漢互譯1.航空公司n

__________2.古董；古玩n

__________3.令人愉快的；舒適的；禮貌而友善的adj

__________4.

補令人不愉快的；討厭的；不友善的adj

____________5.起床；起身；起立v__________6.(尺寸、數(shù)量、規(guī)模、程度等)巨大的

adj

________7.呼吸；氣息n

__________8.令某人驚嘆_____________________9.風(fēng)景；景色n

__________10.山峰；山頂n

__________11.最精彩的場面/部分n

__________12.鉆（孔）；（在……上）鉆孔v

_______13.極冷的；凍僵的______________airlinepleasantunpleasantarisemassivebreathtakesb’sbreathawayantiquescenerypeakhighlightdrillfreezingcold14.(使)結(jié)冰；(人)凍僵v

________15.預(yù)期；預(yù)料v

__________16.束；串n

__________17.一束；一串；一群____________18.打雷；轟隆隆地快速移動v

__________19.

霜；霜凍

n______20.簾；窗簾n

__________21.國界；邊界n__________22.bay

n

__________23.

*craft

n___________________24.literally

adv________________________25.

補breathlessadj__________________________26.

補breathtaking

adj

___________________________________freezeanticipate

bunchabunchofthunderfrostcurtainborder灣；海灣手藝；工藝；技藝根據(jù)字面意思；真正地氣喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的激動人心的；驚人的；令人驚嘆的27.bound

adj

_______________________________________________28.awesomeadj

___________________________________29.*spectacular

adj

__________________________30.goat

n______31.freezingadj__________________32.*grizzlybear

n

_______33.

*mall

n__________________34.*prairieadj____________35.補anticipationn__________________________36.duration

n_________________37.*harbo(u)r

n_____________38.*enrol(l)

v_______________________39.*quarry

n__________準(zhǔn)備/正在到……去的；(車、船等)開往……的令人驚嘆的；令人敬畏的；可怕的壯觀的；壯麗的；驚人的山羊極冷的；冰凍的灰熊購物中心；商場北美草原預(yù)期；預(yù)料；期待；期盼持續(xù)時間；期間海港；港灣(使)加入；注冊；登記采石場重難點詞講解bound名詞動詞化正式用語breath搭配義搭配義peakfreezearise一詞多義一詞多義anticipate英語釋義根據(jù)所給漢語，完成句子。We_________________（起床）earlythismorning.gotup/

arose正式用語1.arise

起床；起身；起立：

ThetwogirlsaroseearlytotakethetraintoLakeLouise.Hearosefrom

hisseatwhenheheardhisnamecalled.

（問題或困難）出現(xiàn)；發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生：Whatproblemsmayarisewhenhumansarecloned?

Anumberofskyscrapershavearisenwheretherewasafactoryayearago.arisefrom/outof

因……產(chǎn)生；由……引起：Agreatnumberofaccidentsoftenarise

from/outofcarelessness.人“向上立起”構(gòu)詞：a-(向上)+rise(升起)→基本義：向上立起arise

vi【正式用語】課文同義異構(gòu)：occur,happen問題、困難或新事物等“向上立起”注：日常用語中，表示出現(xiàn)問題或困難出現(xiàn)更常用

comeup。2.breath看圖猜義badbreathfreshbreath口臭口氣清新breathe

v

(必修一U4)vi&vt

呼吸：Youbreathelesswhenyousleep,soyougetlessoxygen.【常用搭配】breathein

吸氣；吸入：

Pleasesitoutsideandbreatheinfreshairforaslongaspossible.breatheout

呼氣；呼出：Pleasebreatheoutslowlyandthenholdyourbreath.Humanstakeinoxygenandbreatheoutcarbondioxide.?

breathing

n[U]呼吸【溫故】breath

n

n[C]&[U]呼吸；氣息：Ifnecessary,justtakeadeepbreathandsmilebeforespeaking.Whenshegetsup,sheoftenstandsout,drawinginabreathoffreshair.

【常用搭配】catchone’sbreath

緩一口氣；歇口氣draw(a)breath

停下來喘口氣holdone’sbreath

屏息；憋住氣outofbreath

上氣不接下氣：Ibecameoutofbreathandtheonceinjuredanklehurtbadly.【知新】takesb’sbreathaway

令某人驚嘆：

TheytookataxitoLakeLouise,wherethebluewaterliterallytooktheirbreathawaywithitsexceptionalbeauty.課文【詞匯拓展】?breathlessadj

氣喘吁吁的；呼吸急促的：Watchinghimclimbupthecliff,everybodywasbreathlesswithanxiety.?

breathlesslyadv

上氣不接下氣地；氣喘吁吁地?

breathtakingadj

激動人心的；驚人的；令人驚嘆的同族詞：breath,breathless,breathlessly,breathe

(必修一U4),breathing根據(jù)所給漢語，完成句子。Somethinggood__________________________（一定會）to

happen

intheendwhenyoudonotgiveup!（2009北京改）iscertain/sure/bound3.boundbound

adj［無比較級和最高級，不用于名詞前］

必定的；一定的certaintodosth：(be)boundtodosth:

You’vedonesomuchworkthatyou’reboundtopasstheexam.

準(zhǔn)備/正在到……去的；（車、船等）開往……的：

takeacoachboundnorthBombscarewasdeclaredatParisairportaParis-boundplane.(be)boundfor:

WelcometoXI’ANmetro,thistrainisboundforWEIQUNAN.課文

vi

跳躍；跳躍著前進：Pollycameboundingintotheroomexcitedly.

n

［復(fù)數(shù)］限制范圍；界限：Asagoodparkranger,doyouwanttoletthingsgobeyond/withinthebounds?

[C]一跳by/inleapsandbounds

迅速地；突飛猛進地：Herhealthhasimprovedinleapsandboundssincesheleftthehospital.peak

的詞源義和基本義是“尖”peak

n[C]

尖形；尖頭：Canyouclearlyseethepeaksofaroof?

山峰；山頂：Themountainpeak

istoweringproudlyintotheskies.

［常用單數(shù)］高峰；頂峰(height)：

HewaspointedasMayoratthepeakof

hiscareer.Studiesshowyourpaintoleranceisatitspeakinthemiddleoftheday.Trafficreachesitspeak

between7:30and8:30inthemornings.4.peak

詞源解讀山峰的“尖”物體的“尖”抽象事物的“尖”peakvi達到最高點；達到高峰：

Amongwomen,unhappinesspeakedataroundtheageof40.adj［只用于名詞前］高峰（時期）的；巔峰狀態(tài)的：DefinitelystayawayfrompeakhoursonSaturdayafternoontoavoidbreathinginpoisonousgases.Thenewsprogrammegoesoutfourtimesaweekatpeaktimes.Duringthepeakseason,asingleroomgoesfor50dollarsonanight.名詞動詞化peak

語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖物體的“尖”山峰的“尖”抽象事物的“尖”尖形；尖頭山峰；山頂高峰；頂峰尖（基本義）peak5.freeze《冰雪奇緣》（Frozen）是2013年迪士尼出品的3D動畫電影，于2013年11月27日在美國上映。該片改編自安徒生童話《白雪皇后》(TheSnowQueen)，講述小國阿倫黛爾因一個魔咒永遠地被冰天雪地覆蓋，為了尋回夏天，安娜公主和山民克里斯托夫以及他的馴鹿搭檔組隊出發(fā)，展開一段拯救王國的歷險。影片中處處體現(xiàn)“追尋自我”“做回自己”“真情消融凍結(jié)的心”等元素，令觀眾心有觸動。freeze的詞源義和基本義是“（使）結(jié)冰”freeze

v

vi&vt（使）結(jié)冰：Thelakewasfrozenover,soit’shardtocatchfishes.Itisacommonsensethatfreshwaterfreezesat0°C.

vi&vt（人）凍僵；（水管、機器等）凍住：Anyonewhofallsintoaleadcanbefrozentodeathinafewminutes.Ourwaterpipesfroze(up)

lastwinterbecausethetemperatureistoolow.freeze

詞源解讀(使)人或物體“結(jié)冰”（使）液體“結(jié)冰”

vi（天氣）冰冷：Itmayfreezetonight,sobringthoseplantsinside.

vi&vt冷凍；冷藏：Tomatoesdon’tfreezewell.I’llbuyextrameatandjustfreezeit.

vi&vt停住不動tostopmovingsuddenly：

Freeze,orI’llshoot!Thesmilefrozeonhisface.（使）空氣“結(jié)冰”（使）食物“結(jié)冰”（使）身體、笑容等“結(jié)冰”（使）結(jié)冰（使）結(jié)冰基本義（使）液體“結(jié)冰”（人）凍僵；（水管、機器等）凍住停住不動（使）身體、笑容等“結(jié)冰”（使）人或物體“結(jié)冰”freeze語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖（天氣）冰冷（使）空氣“結(jié)冰”冷凍；冷藏（使）食物“結(jié)冰”【詞匯拓展】frozen

adj

結(jié)冰的；凍僵的；冷凍的：Youmustbefrozen!Comeandsitbythefire.Americansalwaysdrivetosupermarketstobuycannedandfrozenfoodsfortheweek.freezing

adj極冷的；冰凍的extremelycold：

Thetemperatureremainedbelow

freezingpointthroughouttheday.n

[U]冰點：

Thetemperaturesremainedabove/below

freezingallday.adv［非正式用語］極冷地：

Itwasfreezingcoldoutside,soIdidn’twanttogetoutofthecarandjuststayedatthewheel(方向盤)whenwepassedacafe.6.anticipate領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者會提前預(yù)測事情并做好準(zhǔn)備，而事情發(fā)生后再做應(yīng)對的人注定失敗。——托尼·羅賓斯（勵志演講家）anticipate

vt

［正式用語］先于……之前做：DidtheVikingsanticipateColumbusindiscoveringAmerica?

預(yù)期；預(yù)料toexpectsthwillhappenandbereadyforit：

WhentheyarrivedinCanada,theydidnotanticipateseeing

suchanopencountry.Agoodbusinessmanisabletoanticipatethemarket’sneeds.

期待；期盼（好事）tothinkaboutsththatisgoingtohappen,especiallysthpleasant(lookforwardto)：

TheEuropeansfailedtoanticipatehowthemarketswouldreacttotheirendlessborrowing.構(gòu)詞：anti-(=ante-,before)+cip(totake)+-ate→在……之前抓住→先于……做→預(yù)期課文改【詞匯拓展】

預(yù)期；預(yù)料：Heboughtextrafoodinanticipationof

morepeoplecomingthanhehadinvited.Investorswerestoringupalotofcashinanticipationofdisaster.

期待；期盼：ShewaitedineageranticipationforRoberttoarrive.Now,sixcollegestudentstaketheirlastcourseinarcheologyinanticipationforgraduation.anticipation

n[U]名詞動詞化寫出下列句子中畫線詞的漢語釋義。1.Greattrucksthunderedpast,showeringherwithgrit,andafiercewindgotupthatmadeherstagger.____________2.Myfridgecannotcoolveryquicklyandthefreezerisfrostingup.MaybeIwillbuyanewfrost-freefridge.__________3.Itsnowedheavilylastnight,soacarhitatreebyaccidentamomentago.

__________

4.SometimesIevenfeltsoproudthattearsraineddownmycheeks.Maybeitwasasenseofachievementthatgrowthhasgiventome.__________5.Mary’sfacecloudedoverwhensheheardthebadnewsabouthermother’soperation.________________英語中有很多名詞可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞，常表示具有該名詞的活動特點或性質(zhì)特征的動作。例如，表示天氣的名詞常可轉(zhuǎn)化為動詞。轟隆隆地移動結(jié)霜下雪雨點般落下布滿云/陰云密布重難點詞講解contraryowe

形容詞后綴-y英語釋義一詞多義分詞形容詞astonish搭配義根據(jù)漢語，寫出單詞的正確形式。We’regoodfriends,butwehave_________________（相反的）viewswhenitcomestoeducation.opposite/contrary7.contrarycontrary

n[C]［常與the連用］相反；反面；對立面：

Contrarytopopularbelief,olderpeoplegenerallydonotwanttolivewiththeirchildren.onthecontrary

正相反；恰恰相反：Brownsaidhewasbynomeansannoyed;onthecontraryhewasgladtobeabletomakehimselfclearlyunderstood.tothecontrary

相反的；相反地：Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothecontrary,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.構(gòu)詞：contra(against與……相反)+-ry(名詞后綴)→相反contraryadj相反的；相對的：But,thereareasmallnumberofpeople,whohaveexpressedcontrary

opinions.(be)contraryto:

Contrarytowhatmanypeoplebelieve,therearealotofvastandemptyspacesinChina,actually.

Contrary

topopularmyth,womenarenotworsedriversthanmen.Thisviewis

contrary

totheaimsofcriticalsocialresearchforanumberofreasons.課文ItistobooksthatIoweeverythingthatisgoodinme．—Gorky我身上所有優(yōu)秀的品質(zhì)都要歸功于書籍?！郀柣?.owe馬克西姆·高爾基(MaximGorky，1868-1936)，前蘇聯(lián)作家、詩人、評論家、政論家、學(xué)者。是社會主義、現(xiàn)實主義文學(xué)奠基人，蘇聯(lián)文學(xué)的創(chuàng)始人。高爾基自傳體三部曲為《童年》《在人間》《我的大學(xué)》。他的代表作還有長篇小說《母親》和劇本《小市民》等。他被授予列寧勛章，成為蘇聯(lián)共產(chǎn)黨中央委員會成員。他的誕生地被改名為高爾基市。owe

vt

欠（債）：owesbsth(forsth)

/

owesthtosb(forsth):

Idon’twanttopressthepoint,butyoudooweme$200./Idon’twanttopressthepoint,butyoudoowe$200tome.HowmuchdoIoweyoufortoday’sdinner?owe的詞源義是“tohave,own”，引申為“用擁有的去支付或償還”。其基本義為“應(yīng)償還”。owe詞源解讀

應(yīng)給予：owesbsth/owesthtosb:

IowehimanapologyforIhavehurthimdeeply./IoweanapologytohimforIhavehurthimdeeply.oweittosbtodosth:

Youoweittoyourselvestostaylonger.

Don’tweoweittoourselvestoatleastgiveourdreamsafairshot?課文

應(yīng)該把……歸功于：owesthtosth:

Hehasagoodhealth,andheowesittohisregularexercise.Theseearlysettlersowedtheirsurvivaltohardworkanddeterminationtosucceed.owingto

因為；由于(becauseof)：

Owingtocircumstancesbeyondourcontrol,theflighttoRomehasbeendelayed.owe語義網(wǎng)絡(luò)圖應(yīng)償還owe（基本義）“應(yīng)償還”金錢“應(yīng)償還”解釋或歉意等欠（債）應(yīng)給予“應(yīng)償還”事情發(fā)生的原因應(yīng)該把……歸功于9.astonishvt

使大為驚訝；使驚駭tosurprisesbverymuch：That’shownatureisalwaysleavingusastonished.【詞匯拓展】astonishing

adj

驚人的；令人驚訝的(amazing)

astonished

adj

感到大為驚訝的verysurprised(amazed)：

Standinginthedistance,theywereastoni