中考英語名詞考點復(fù)習(xí)課件+

中考英語名詞考點梳理考點1名詞的單數(shù)與復(fù)數(shù)單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式。復(fù)數(shù)形式通常是在單數(shù)形式后加詞尾“-s”構(gòu)成，其主要變法如下：(1)一般情況在詞尾加-s.如：book—books,girl—girls,boy—boys,pen—pens,doctor—doctors.(2)以s，x，ch，sh，結(jié)尾的詞加-es.如：bus—buses,class—classes,box—boxes,watch—watches,brush—brushes.(3)以ce,se,ze,（d)ge結(jié)尾的名詞加-s.如：orange—oranges.(4)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞變“y”為“i”再加-es.如：city—cities,factory—factories,country—countries,family—families.但要注意的是以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式只加-s。如：boy—boys,day—days.(5)以o結(jié)尾的詞且有生命的加-es.如:hero—heroes,potato—potatoes，tomato—tomatoes,雖以o結(jié)尾，但沒生命的只加s.如：zoo—zoos,radio—radios,photo—photos，piano—pianos.(6)以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，變f為v再加-es.如：knife—knives，leaf—leaves,half—halves.(7)少數(shù)名詞有不規(guī)則的復(fù)數(shù)形式.如：man—men，woman—women，tooth—teeth，foot—feet，child—children，mouse—mice.【注意】與man和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復(fù)數(shù)形式也是-men和-women.如：anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen.但German不是合成詞，故復(fù)數(shù)形式為Germans.man,woman等作定語時，它的單復(fù)數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)而定，如：menworkers,womenteachers.有個別名詞單復(fù)數(shù)一樣。如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等.但當(dāng)fish表示不同種類的魚時，可以加復(fù)數(shù)詞尾.(8)單數(shù)形式但其意為復(fù)數(shù)的名詞有：people,police等.(9)數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式，中間加連字符.如：ten-minutewalk,an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk.(10)還有些名詞僅有復(fù)數(shù)形式.如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors.(11)只用作單數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞有：科學(xué)名詞：physics,mathematics/maths專有名詞：theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls其他名詞：news,falls考點2名詞的數(shù)量不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法在英語中，不可數(shù)名詞如果要表示“量”的概念，可以用以下兩種方法：(1)用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少。如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney．Thereissomemilkinthebottle．Isthereanywaterintheglass？Idon’tlikewinterbecausethere’stoomuchsnowandice．考點2名詞的數(shù)量(2)用apieceof這類定語.如：apieceofpaper,apieceofwood,apieceofbreadabottleoforange,aglassofwater/milk,acupofteaabagofrice,threebagsofrice如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時，在容器后加復(fù)數(shù).如：twocupsoftea,fourpiecesofpaper,threeglassesofwater不可數(shù)名詞也可用alotof,lotsof,some,any,much等來修飾.考點3名詞的所有格名詞所有格，用來表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系.1.表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加's,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s’.如：astudent’sroom,students’rooms,father’sshoes.如其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加's.如：Children’sDay.2.在表示時間、距離、長度、重量、價格、世界、國家等名詞的所有格要用's.如：atwentyminutes’walk，tenmiles’journey，aboat’slength，twopounds’weight,tendollars’worth.考點3名詞的所有格3.無生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu).如：amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers.4.雙重所有格.如：afriendofmyfather’s.【注意】如果兩個名詞并列，并且分別有's，則表示“分別有”.如：John’sandMary’srooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；Tom’sandMary’sbikes（兩人各自的自行車).考點3名詞的所有格兩個名詞并列，只有一個's，則表示“共有”如：JohnandMary’sroom（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）；TomandMary’smother（即Tom與Mary是兄妹）.名詞考點復(fù)習(xí)一.根據(jù)漢語提示寫出單詞，注意用其正確形式.1.Iwanttolearnsomenew____(技能）formyfuture.2.Shanghaiisoneofthemostbeautiful____(城市）inChina.3.Look!Thatelephantiseatingtree____(葉).4.Therewereaboutfifteenpeopleintheroom,andhalfofthemwere____(男性）.5.Wecangetalotof____(信息）fromtheInternet.6.Howmany____(人）arethereinyourcity?7.____(跑步）isagoodwaytorelax.8.Mysisterpreferstosee_____(女性）doctors.9.Therearemanybooksonthe____(老師）desk.10.Hehaslostallhis____(錢）.二.選擇正確的名詞數(shù).1.___theworkersinthisfactoryisabout600andonefourthofthemare___workersA.Anumberof;menB.Anumberof;manC.Thenumberof;menD.Thenumberof;man2.Therearefew___inthefridge.Let'sgoandbuysomepeas,carrotsandcabbages.A.vegetablesB.fruitC.meatD.eggs3.Everyoneshouldprotectthe___.Iagree.Ioften___upwastebottlesinthestreetandthrowthemintothedustbin.A.environment;pickedB.environment;pickC.environment;picksD.environments;picks4.Allthe___teachersand___studentsarehavingameetingthere.A.woment;girlsB.woment;girlC.woman;girlsD.woman;girl5.InternationalWomen'sDayiscoming.I'lldosomethingformyteachers.Canyougiveme____?Ok.Noproblem!Youcanbuysomeflowersfor____.A.someadvices;womanteachersB.somesuggestion;womenteachersC.someadvice;womenteachersD.anyadvice;womanteachers6.Roberthasbecomeveryrich.Hegainedhis____bywritingalotofpopular_____.A.wealth;workB.wealth;worksC.work;wealthD.works;wealth三.選擇正確的名詞所有格1.Areyousurethisisaphoto____,thefamouscomedyactress?A.JiaLingB.JiaLing'sC.ofJiaLingD.ofJiaLing's2.Ireadin____newspapersthat____Shantougotthehostingrighttothe2021AsianYouthGames.A.today;ChinaB.today's;ChinaC.today;China'sD.today's;China's3.Thethemeparkisabout____ridefromthemuseum.Youshouldstartoutri