2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)課時(shí)分層作業(yè)13Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernheroSectionⅠ含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-課時(shí)分層作業(yè)(十三)SectionⅠ(建議用時(shí)：35分鐘)[高考題型練習(xí)提實(shí)力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJ.K.Rowlingturnedanotheryearolderthisweek.BornJoanneRowling,J.K.Rowlingis,ofcourse,heradoptedpenname.Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名).So,uponcombiningherfirstinitialwiththeinitialofherpaternalgrandmother,Kathleen,themonikerJ.K.Rowlingwasborn.That'stheinterestingfactaboutRowling,apparently,andshecanonlyfoolsomeofthepeoplesomeofthetime.Backin2013,acrimenovelappearedontheshelves.ItwasentitledTheCuckoo'sCalling,anditwaswrittenbyRobertGalbraith.AccordingtoGalbraith'sbio,hespent“severalyearswiththeRoyalMilitaryPolice”andtheleadingcharacterofhisnovel,afellowbythenameofCormoranStrike,“grewdirectlyoutofhisownexperiencesandthoseofhismilitaryfriends.”O(jiān)nly,uponfurtherreview,hedidn't!ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ.K.Rowling,whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.Unfortunately,however,thewifeofapartnerinthemediainwhomsheplacedhertrust,sharedthesecretonTwitter.Rowlingwasangryanddisappointedconcerningthebetrayingoftrust.I'mnotsurewhetherIwouldbeterriblyupsetfortoolong，ifIwereher.Previoustoherbeingknownastheauthor，Rowlingsawherbooklisted4，709thonAmazon.Afterthebigrevelation,herbookjumpedallthewaytoNo.1!Moreimportantly,Ithinkshegotwhatshewanted.Thenovelhasreceivednearlyuniversalcriticalacclaim.Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft!Inanycase,Ipersonallylookforwardtoreadinghernewestwritingendeavor.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要報(bào)道了J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫(xiě)書(shū)這一隱私暴露一事。1．WhywasJoanneRowlingadvisedtouseamalepenname?A．Itwasacommonpractice.B．Hergrandmotherdidn'tlikehername.C．Thepublisherwantedtogivereadersasurprise.D．Womenwritersmightnotbepopularwithboyreaders.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名)．”可知，女性作者可能不大受男性讀者喜愛(ài)，因此Rowling用筆名寫(xiě)書(shū)，故選D。]2．Whydidn'tJ.K.Rowlingpublishhernewbookunderhername?A．Shethoughthernamewasoutofdate.B．Readersdidn'tlikeherbooksanylonger.C．Sheintendedtoproveherwritingability.D．Shethoughtanewnamecouldmakehermorepopular.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ．K.Rowling，whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.”可推知，J.K.Rowling出版新書(shū)時(shí)沒(méi)有用自己的名字是想驗(yàn)證自己的寫(xiě)作實(shí)力，故選C。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclaim”inParagraph6mean?A．Severecriticism. B．Greatrespect.C．Highpraise. D．Muchsympathy.C[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終兩句“Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft！”可推知，J.K.Rowling的書(shū)大獲勝利，收到了廣泛的贊譽(yù)，故選C。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．TheSecretIsOutB．HerDoorIsOpenC．TheBookIsonSale D．HerEffortIsinVainA[標(biāo)題推斷題。結(jié)合對(duì)全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講解并描述了聞名作家J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫(xiě)書(shū)這一隱私暴露一事，故選A。]BStephenHawkingwasaBritishScientist，professorandauthorwhomadegreatcontributionstophysicsandcosmology(宇宙學(xué))．Hisbookshelpedtomakesciencemucheasiertounderstand.Hereisabriefintroductiontohisfamilyandearlyyears.AstheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren,StephenHawkingwasbornintoafamilyofthinkers.HisScottishmotherearnedherwayintoOxfordUniversityinthe1930s－atimewhenfewwomenwereabletogotocollege.Hisfather,anotherOxfordgraduate,wasamedicalresearcher.StephenHawking'sbirthcameataninopportunetimeforhisparents,whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.TheHawkingswouldgoontohavetwootherchildren,Mary(1943)andPhilippa(1947)．Andtheirsecondson,Edward,wasadopted(收養(yǎng))in1956.In1950,Hawking'sfatherwassenttoAfricaandspentthewintermonthstheredoingresearch.Hewantedhiseldestchildtogointomedicine,butatanearlyage,Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.Thatwascleartohismother,who,alongwithherchildren,oftenrelaxedinthebackyardonsummereveningsandlookedatthestars.“Stephenalwayshadastrongsenseofwonder，”sheremembered.“AndIcouldseethatthestarswoulddrawhim.”Hawkingwasalsofrequentlyonthego.WithhissisterMaryHawking,wholovedtoclimb,designeddifferententryroutesintothefamilyhome.Helovedtodanceandalsotookaninterestinrowing,becomingateamcoxswain(舵手)incollege.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】斯蒂芬·霍金是一位聞名的英國(guó)科學(xué)家、教授和作家，他對(duì)物理學(xué)和宇宙學(xué)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。讓我們一起來(lái)了解一下他的家庭及早期的生活吧。5．WhatdoweknowaboutStephenHawking'sfamilyfromthetext?A．Hawkingwastheoldestchildinhisfamily.B．Hawking'smotherwasateacheratOxfordUniversity.C．Hawkinghadtwobrothersandthreesistersaltogether.D．Hawking'sfathergraduatedfromLondonUniversity.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“TheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren...”可知霍金是家中的長(zhǎng)子，故A項(xiàng)正確。]6．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?A．Bringinggreatluck.B．Allofasudden.C．Happeningatabadtime.D．Causingtrouble.C[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段“...whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.”可知當(dāng)時(shí)他的父母沒(méi)有錢(qián)，而且英國(guó)要處理二戰(zhàn)事宜，政治環(huán)境也較為動(dòng)亂，所以他的誕生不合時(shí)宜。]7．WherewasHawkingborn?A．InAfrica. B．IntheUS.C．InScotland. D．InOxford.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.”可知，霍金在牛津誕生。]8．WhydidHawkingchoosetostudyscienceandthesky?A．Becausehisfatheraskedhimtodoso.B．Becausehismotherhadagreatinfluenceonhim.C．Becausehewasinterestedinthematanearlyage.D．Becausehewasfondofdoingresearchonstars.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“...butatanearlyage，Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.”可知，因?yàn)榛艚饛男?duì)科學(xué)和天空感愛(ài)好，所以他選擇探討這些領(lǐng)域，故C項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Beinganexchangestudent(交換生)maynotbesoeasy.However,therearealotofthingsthatyoucanlearnandenjoywhenyoudecidetobeanexchangestudent,andmostthingsyouwilldiscoverareoutsidetheclassroom.1Studentswhocomebackfromanexchangetripsaythatthethingtheylikedmostwaslearningaboutthedifferentlifestylesthatpeoplehaveinthecountrytheyvisited.2However，thosewhotraveltoothercountriesundertheforeignexchangestudentprogramlearnthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive.DifferentFoodSomestudentsareworriedthattheywon'tlikethefoodofthecountrywheretheywillgo，andtheyusethatasanexcusetoavoidgoingtothatcountry.3Beinganexchangestudentoftenleadsyoutofindthatyouenjoymuchmorekindsoffoodthanyouthoughtyoudid.DifferentLanguagesSomedecidethatthelanguagebarrier(障礙)isthekeytokeepingthemfromgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent.4TherearealsosomeplaceswheremostofthepeoplecanspeakEnglishwell.Ifyouarecomingupwithreasonstoavoidgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent,thinkaboutthebenefitsyouwillgetfromatripabroadbeforeyoumakeupyourmind.5A．DifferentLifestylesB．DifferentCulturesC．Anyway,thinktwicebeforeyoudoishelpful.D．Manystudentsbelievethatthereisonlyonewayoflife.E．Exchangestudentsarefondofthefoodinforeigncountries.F．ButtherearemanyplaceswhereEnglishisthenativelanguage.G．Thetruthisthatmostcountriesallowexchangestudentstohaveamazingfood.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】假如你被選中去國(guó)外的某所學(xué)校做交換生，你可能立刻想到的是生疏的環(huán)境、語(yǔ)言差異、飲食習(xí)慣的差異等等不便之處，但是，你所能學(xué)到的和得到的遠(yuǎn)非如此。1．A[分析文章格式可知所填部分應(yīng)當(dāng)與DifferentFood和DifferentLanguages構(gòu)成并列，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知A、B項(xiàng)符合要求；再依據(jù)本段的關(guān)鍵詞“...aboutthedifferentlifestyles...”以及“...manydifferentwaystolive.”可知A項(xiàng)正確。]2．D[結(jié)合上一題可知本段主要講解并描述你所要去的國(guó)家的生活方式與你之前學(xué)校的生活方式不一樣，再結(jié)合下一句的轉(zhuǎn)折“However，thosewhotraveltoothercountries...manydifferentwaystolive.”和選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知D項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。]3．G[結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題DifferentFood可知本段主要講解并描述飲食方面的差異，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞可知E、G項(xiàng)符合要求；再聯(lián)系上文可知許多學(xué)生都認(rèn)為飲食差異也是影響他們求學(xué)的因素之一，所以解除E項(xiàng)。]4．F[結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題DifferentLanguages可知本段主要講解并描述語(yǔ)言方面的差異，再結(jié)合選項(xiàng)中的關(guān)鍵詞可知F項(xiàng)正確。]5．C[分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知本段為文章的結(jié)束語(yǔ)，結(jié)合上句內(nèi)容和選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知C項(xiàng)最為恰當(dāng)。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空Borninthe1940s，Eliasexperiencedadifficultperiodoftimewhentheblackreachedastagewheretheyhadnorightsatall.Beingpoorly1.________(educate)andnothavingapassbook，hewasworriedthathewouldbeoutofwork.Thiswastheveryreason2.________hewenttoNelsonMandelaforadvice.Atthattime，blackpeoplehadnoright3.________(vote)andtheycouldn'tgetjobstheywanted.Thepartsoftownin4.________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhit