2024-2025學年高中英語課時分層作業(yè)13Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernheroSectionⅠ含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-課時分層作業(yè)(十三)SectionⅠ(建議用時：35分鐘)[高考題型練習提實力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJ.K.Rowlingturnedanotheryearolderthisweek.BornJoanneRowling,J.K.Rowlingis,ofcourse,heradoptedpenname.Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名).So,uponcombiningherfirstinitialwiththeinitialofherpaternalgrandmother,Kathleen,themonikerJ.K.Rowlingwasborn.That'stheinterestingfactaboutRowling,apparently,andshecanonlyfoolsomeofthepeoplesomeofthetime.Backin2013,acrimenovelappearedontheshelves.ItwasentitledTheCuckoo'sCalling,anditwaswrittenbyRobertGalbraith.AccordingtoGalbraith'sbio,hespent“severalyearswiththeRoyalMilitaryPolice”andtheleadingcharacterofhisnovel,afellowbythenameofCormoranStrike,“grewdirectlyoutofhisownexperiencesandthoseofhismilitaryfriends.”O(jiān)nly,uponfurtherreview,hedidn't!ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ.K.Rowling,whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.Unfortunately,however,thewifeofapartnerinthemediainwhomsheplacedhertrust,sharedthesecretonTwitter.Rowlingwasangryanddisappointedconcerningthebetrayingoftrust.I'mnotsurewhetherIwouldbeterriblyupsetfortoolong，ifIwereher.Previoustoherbeingknownastheauthor，Rowlingsawherbooklisted4，709thonAmazon.Afterthebigrevelation,herbookjumpedallthewaytoNo.1!Moreimportantly,Ithinkshegotwhatshewanted.Thenovelhasreceivednearlyuniversalcriticalacclaim.Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft!Inanycase,Ipersonallylookforwardtoreadinghernewestwritingendeavor.【語篇解讀】本文主要報道了J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫書這一隱私暴露一事。1．WhywasJoanneRowlingadvisedtouseamalepenname?A．Itwasacommonpractice.B．Hergrandmotherdidn'tlikehername.C．Thepublisherwantedtogivereadersasurprise.D．Womenwritersmightnotbepopularwithboyreaders.D[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第一段第三句“Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名)．”可知，女性作者可能不大受男性讀者喜愛，因此Rowling用筆名寫書，故選D。]2．Whydidn'tJ.K.Rowlingpublishhernewbookunderhername?A．Shethoughthernamewasoutofdate.B．Readersdidn'tlikeherbooksanylonger.C．Sheintendedtoproveherwritingability.D．Shethoughtanewnamecouldmakehermorepopular.C[推理推斷題。依據第三段最終一句“ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ．K.Rowling，whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.”可推知，J.K.Rowling出版新書時沒有用自己的名字是想驗證自己的寫作實力，故選C。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclaim”inParagraph6mean?A．Severecriticism. B．Greatrespect.C．Highpraise. D．Muchsympathy.C[詞義揣測題。依據倒數其次段最終兩句“Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft！”可推知，J.K.Rowling的書大獲勝利，收到了廣泛的贊譽，故選C。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．TheSecretIsOutB．HerDoorIsOpenC．TheBookIsonSale D．HerEffortIsinVainA[標題推斷題。結合對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講解并描述了聞名作家J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫書這一隱私暴露一事，故選A。]BStephenHawkingwasaBritishScientist，professorandauthorwhomadegreatcontributionstophysicsandcosmology(宇宙學)．Hisbookshelpedtomakesciencemucheasiertounderstand.Hereisabriefintroductiontohisfamilyandearlyyears.AstheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren,StephenHawkingwasbornintoafamilyofthinkers.HisScottishmotherearnedherwayintoOxfordUniversityinthe1930s－atimewhenfewwomenwereabletogotocollege.Hisfather,anotherOxfordgraduate,wasamedicalresearcher.StephenHawking'sbirthcameataninopportunetimeforhisparents,whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.TheHawkingswouldgoontohavetwootherchildren,Mary(1943)andPhilippa(1947)．Andtheirsecondson,Edward,wasadopted(收養(yǎng))in1956.In1950,Hawking'sfatherwassenttoAfricaandspentthewintermonthstheredoingresearch.Hewantedhiseldestchildtogointomedicine,butatanearlyage,Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.Thatwascleartohismother,who,alongwithherchildren,oftenrelaxedinthebackyardonsummereveningsandlookedatthestars.“Stephenalwayshadastrongsenseofwonder，”sheremembered.“AndIcouldseethatthestarswoulddrawhim.”Hawkingwasalsofrequentlyonthego.WithhissisterMaryHawking,wholovedtoclimb,designeddifferententryroutesintothefamilyhome.Helovedtodanceandalsotookaninterestinrowing,becomingateamcoxswain(舵手)incollege.【語篇解讀】斯蒂芬·霍金是一位聞名的英國科學家、教授和作家，他對物理學和宇宙學做出了巨大貢獻。讓我們一起來了解一下他的家庭及早期的生活吧。5．WhatdoweknowaboutStephenHawking'sfamilyfromthetext?A．Hawkingwastheoldestchildinhisfamily.B．Hawking'smotherwasateacheratOxfordUniversity.C．Hawkinghadtwobrothersandthreesistersaltogether.D．Hawking'sfathergraduatedfromLondonUniversity.A[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據其次段“TheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren...”可知霍金是家中的長子，故A項正確。]6．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?A．Bringinggreatluck.B．Allofasudden.C．Happeningatabadtime.D．Causingtrouble.C[詞義揣測題。依據第三段“...whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.”可知當時他的父母沒有錢，而且英國要處理二戰(zhàn)事宜，政治環(huán)境也較為動亂，所以他的誕生不合時宜。]7．WherewasHawkingborn?A．InAfrica. B．IntheUS.C．InScotland. D．InOxford.D[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第三段“Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.”可知，霍金在牛津誕生。]8．WhydidHawkingchoosetostudyscienceandthesky?A．Becausehisfatheraskedhimtodoso.B．Becausehismotherhadagreatinfluenceonhim.C．Becausehewasinterestedinthematanearlyage.D．Becausehewasfondofdoingresearchonstars.C[細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據第四段“...butatanearlyage，Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.”可知，因為霍金從小對科學和天空感愛好，所以他選擇探討這些領域，故C項正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Beinganexchangestudent(交換生)maynotbesoeasy.However,therearealotofthingsthatyoucanlearnandenjoywhenyoudecidetobeanexchangestudent,andmostthingsyouwilldiscoverareoutsidetheclassroom.1Studentswhocomebackfromanexchangetripsaythatthethingtheylikedmostwaslearningaboutthedifferentlifestylesthatpeoplehaveinthecountrytheyvisited.2However，thosewhotraveltoothercountriesundertheforeignexchangestudentprogramlearnthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive.DifferentFoodSomestudentsareworriedthattheywon'tlikethefoodofthecountrywheretheywillgo，andtheyusethatasanexcusetoavoidgoingtothatcountry.3Beinganexchangestudentoftenleadsyoutofindthatyouenjoymuchmorekindsoffoodthanyouthoughtyoudid.DifferentLanguagesSomedecidethatthelanguagebarrier(障礙)isthekeytokeepingthemfromgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent.4TherearealsosomeplaceswheremostofthepeoplecanspeakEnglishwell.Ifyouarecomingupwithreasonstoavoidgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent,thinkaboutthebenefitsyouwillgetfromatripabroadbeforeyoumakeupyourmind.5A．DifferentLifestylesB．DifferentCulturesC．Anyway,thinktwicebeforeyoudoishelpful.D．Manystudentsbelievethatthereisonlyonewayoflife.E．Exchangestudentsarefondofthefoodinforeigncountries.F．ButtherearemanyplaceswhereEnglishisthenativelanguage.G．Thetruthisthatmostcountriesallowexchangestudentstohaveamazingfood.【語篇解讀】假如你被選中去國外的某所學校做交換生，你可能立刻想到的是生疏的環(huán)境、語言差異、飲食習慣的差異等等不便之處，但是，你所能學到的和得到的遠非如此。1．A[分析文章格式可知所填部分應當與DifferentFood和DifferentLanguages構成并列，結合選項內容可知A、B項符合要求；再依據本段的關鍵詞“...aboutthedifferentlifestyles...”以及“...manydifferentwaystolive.”可知A項正確。]2．D[結合上一題可知本段主要講解并描述你所要去的國家的生活方式與你之前學校的生活方式不一樣，再結合下一句的轉折“However，thosewhotraveltoothercountries...manydifferentwaystolive.”和選項內容可知D項最為恰當。]3．G[結合本段小標題DifferentFood可知本段主要講解并描述飲食方面的差異，結合選項中的關鍵詞可知E、G項符合要求；再聯系上文可知許多學生都認為飲食差異也是影響他們求學的因素之一，所以解除E項。]4．F[結合本段小標題DifferentLanguages可知本段主要講解并描述語言方面的差異，再結合選項中的關鍵詞可知F項正確。]5．C[分析文章結構可知本段為文章的結束語，結合上句內容和選項內容可知C項最為恰當。]Ⅲ.語法填空Borninthe1940s，Eliasexperiencedadifficultperiodoftimewhentheblackreachedastagewheretheyhadnorightsatall.Beingpoorly1.________(educate)andnothavingapassbook，hewasworriedthathewouldbeoutofwork.Thiswastheveryreason2.________hewenttoNelsonMandelaforadvice.Atthattime，blackpeoplehadnoright3.________(vote)andtheycouldn'tgetjobstheywanted.Thepartsoftownin4.________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhit