福建省南平市高考第三次質(zhì)檢英語試題

南平市2024屆高三第三次質(zhì)量檢測英語試題本試卷共12頁。滿分150分。注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號、考場號、座位號填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatwasthemanmostsatisfiedwithabouttherestaurant?A.Theservice.B.Thefood.C.Thedecoration.2.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Sweepthefloor.B.Washthedishes.C.Takeoutthetrash.3.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Depressed.B.Satisfied.C.Excited.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Doingsomeexercise.B.GettingLydiaagift.C.Havingabirthdayparty.5.WhydoesthemancallSue?A.Toaskforleave.B.Tocontactadoctor.C.Toputoffthemeeting.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whendidthemanstartwearingglasses?A.6yearsago.B.7yearsago.C.10yearsago.7.Whydidthemangetbadeyesight?A.Hegotitfromhismother.B.HewatchedtoomuchTV.C.Hehadabadreadinghabit.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whereisthewomanfrom?A.Britain.B.America.C.Italy.9.WhatdoesAnnesayaboutItaly?A.Itslocalsarenice.B.ItswineisfantasticC.Itspaintingsareawesome.10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Colleagues.B.Roommates.C.Friends.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Howarethehousesneartheriver?A.Olderbutcheaper.B.Expensivebutpopular.C.Notworththeprice.12.Whydidthemandecidetorentanapartment?A.Tocutspending.B.Tolivefortably.C.Towaitforasuitablehouse.13.Whatdoesthemancareaboutmost?A.Favorablelocation.B.Safeneighborhood.C.Convenienttransport.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Intheoffice.B.Intheclassroom.C.Inthehospital.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman'sgrandmother?A.Shegotattackedbyadog.B.Shewassavedbyherpet.C.Shegothurtinanaccident.16.Whydidthemanstarttheassociation?A.Tosavestreetanimals.B.Totrainserviceanimals.C.Toraisefundsforanimals.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisprobablytheman?A.Ajournalist.B.Aninterviewer.C.Ateacher.18.Whatarepeopleexpectedtodoinmostjobs?A.Cooperatewithothers.B.Managetheiremotions.C.Getalongwithcoworkers.19.Whatcanpeoplebeiftheywanttoworkalone?A.Accountants.B.Artists.C.Scientists.20.Whatmattersmostwhenchoosingacareeraccordingtothespeaker?A.Position.B.Ine.C.Suitability.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AIfyouareinterestedinwildlifeandalsowishtolearntheartistryfromthemasterswiththeirinspiring,practicalandinformativebooks,herearesomeremendedbestsellersbyworldclasswildlifephotographers.BritishWildlifePhotographyByWillNichollsThisbookbringstogether250ofthewinningimagesfrom2023’sBritishWildlifePhotographyAwards.Enteredinninecategories,eachimageisexplainedbythephotographerwithdetailsonhowtheygotshot,makingitausefullearningtool.PhotographingGardenBirdsByMarkCarwardinePackedwithinspiringimagesofBritishbirds,Carwardinedetailswhichequipmentisessential,explainswaystoattractdifferentspeciestoyourgarden,andofferadviceonlightingtips,aswellasguidanceonhowtoshootbirdsinflight.There’sevenachapteron“WorkingwithBirds”andhowtotakeimagesusingyoursmartphone.ButterflySafariByFusekPetersViewBritishbutterfliesinastonishingdetailsinthisattractivebookbyphotographerFusckPeters.FusckPetersspentfouryearstravellingaroundtheUKinsearchofbutterfliesspecies.Hisdetailedphotosrevealthedelicatebeautyofbutterflies.WildlifePhotographyBySusanYoungPhotographerSusanYoungofferssystematicwaystolocateBritishwildlifeinthisbook.Learnabouttheimportanceofresearchbeforeyousetout,includinghowtofindasuitableplaceandwhattotake.Therearealsotipsonhowtoobservewithoutdisturbinganimals.1.Whichbookhelpstotakebettersmartphonephotos?A.ButterflySafari. B.BritishWildlifePhotography.C.WildlifePhotography. D.PhotographingGardenBirds.2.WhatdoesSusanYoungshareinherbook?A.Lightingtipsforphotography. B.Waysonwildlifespotting.C.Howtocaptureanimalsinmotion. D.Howtodowildliferesearch.3.What’sthemonfeatureofthefourbooks?A.TheyfocusonBritishwildlife. B.Theyconcernnaturalbeauty.C.Theyarecollectionsofphotos. D.Theydetailwaysofresearch.【答案】1.D2.B3.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四本有關(guān)于英國野生動物的暢銷書?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)PhotographingGardenBirdsByMarkCarwardine中關(guān)鍵句“There’sevenachapteron“WorkingwithBirds”andhowtotakeimagesusingyoursmartphone.(甚至還有一章是關(guān)于“與鳥一起工作”以及如何使用智能拍照的)”可知，PhotographingGardenBirds這本書能幫助更好地用智能拍照。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WildlifePhotographyBySusanYoung中關(guān)鍵句“PhotographerSusanYoungofferssystematicwaystolocateBritishwildlifeinthisbook.Learnabouttheimportanceofresearchbeforeyousetout,includinghowtofindasuitableplaceandwhattotake.Therearealsotipsonhowtoobservewithoutdisturbinganimals.(攝影師蘇珊·楊在這本書中提供了系統(tǒng)的方法來定位英國野生動物。在你出發(fā)之前，了解研究的重要性，包括如何找到一個(gè)合適的地方和帶什么。還有一些關(guān)于如何在不打擾動物的情況下觀察動物的建議)”可知，在這一本書中，攝影師蘇珊·楊分享了觀察野生動物的方法。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BritishWildlifePhotography

ByWillNicholls中關(guān)鍵句“Thisbookbringstogether250ofthewinningimagesfrom2023’sBritishWildlifePhotographyAwards.(這本書匯集了來自2023年英國野生動物攝影獎的250張獲獎?wù)掌?”；PhotographingGardenBirdsByMarkCarwardine中關(guān)鍵句“PackedwithinspiringimagesofBritishbirds,Carwardinedetailswhichequipmentisessential,explainswaystoattractdifferentspeciestoyourgarden,andofferadviceonlightingtips,aswellasguidanceonhowtoshootbirdsinflight.(充滿了鼓舞人心的英國鳥類圖像，卡沃丁詳細(xì)介紹了哪些設(shè)備是必不可少的，解釋了吸引不同物種到你的花園的方法，并提供了照明技巧的廣告，以及如何拍攝飛行中的鳥類的指導(dǎo))”；ButterflySafariByFusekPeters中關(guān)鍵句“ViewBritishbutterfliesinastonishingdetailsinthisattractivebookbyphotographerFusckPeters.

(在攝影師弗斯克·彼得斯的這本吸引人的書中，你可以看到英國蝴蝶驚人的細(xì)節(jié))”及WildlifePhotographyBySusanYoung中“PhotographerSusanYoungofferssystematicwaystolocateBritishwildlifeinthisbook.(攝影師蘇珊·楊在這本書中提供了系統(tǒng)的方法來定位英國野生動物)”可知，四本書都關(guān)注英國野生動物。故選A。BAtanantiquesstoreneartheirhomeMichael,11,andhisbrotherMauro,9,encounteredalinktoarealnationalheroaccidentally.Whilesearchingthroughmilitarymemorabilia(紀(jì)念品),theboyshadunearthedaPurpleHeart,aBronzeStar,andaGoodConductMedalbearingthenameCharlesJ.George.Theshop’sownersaidthemedalswereworthhundredsofdollars,butheagreedtolettheboyshavethemforfreeononecondition:thattheyreturntheawardstothesoldier’sfamily.ThebrothersfoundaCharlesGeorgeonlineintheNationalPurpleHeartHallofHonordatabase,butthelistingdidn’tshowamiddlenameoraninitial.Aftersearchingmilitaryrecordsatthelibraryandonlinewithnoluck.MichaelandMaurofoundaYouTubevideoofamemorialserviceforGeorgeconductedinhishometown,Cherokee,byalocalserviceofficerWarrenDupree.TheboysemailedDupree,whorespondedwithdetailsabouttheheroicactthatcarnedGeorgethemedals.Duringawar,Georgediedafterthrowinghimselfonabombtosavetwofellowsoldiers.AsforthemiddleinitialJ,thebrotherslearnedthatCherokeedon’ttakemiddlenames—CharlesGeorgehadadoptedhisfather’sname,Jacob,asamiddlenamejustincasehewouldneedittojointhearmy.Themysterywassolved.DupreeinvitedthebrotherstoCherokeetopresentthemedalstoGeorge’sfamilyafewmonthslater.“Itfeltsogoodtogivethemedalsback,”saysMichael,whowantstowriteachildren’sbookaboutthehuntforCharlesJ.George.“Itwasanhonor,”addshisbrother.4.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheshopowner?A.Hecaredabouthiscredit. B.Hewantedtodonatethemedals.C.Headmirednationalheroes. D.Hetriedtotesttheyoungvisitors.5.Whatultimatelycontributedtothereturnofthemedals?A.Militaryrecords. B.AYouTubevideo.C.Onlinedatabase. D.Thefellowsoldiers.6.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebrothers?A.Creativeandgenerous. B.Ambitiousandtalented.C.Determinedandtrustworthy. D.Intelligentandknowledgeable.7.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Thevalueofthemedals. B.Theinfluenceofahero.C.Thejourneyoftreasurehunt. D.Thediscoveryofahiddenpast.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了邁克爾和弟弟毛羅在搜尋軍事紀(jì)念品時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚印有名字的勛章，在YouTube的幫助下，他們最終找到了獎?wù)碌墨@得者，并將獎?wù)逻€給其家人的故事。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theshop’sownersaidthemedalswereworthhundredsofdollars,butheagreedtolettheboyshavethemforfreeononecondition:thattheyreturntheawardstothesoldier’sfamily.(這家商店的老板說，這些獎?wù)聝r(jià)值數(shù)百美元，但他同意讓孩子們免費(fèi)獲得，但有一個(gè)條件：他們要把獎?wù)逻€給這位士兵的家人)”可推知，商店店主讓孩子們免費(fèi)獲得獎?wù)?，但是要讓他們將獎?wù)逻€給士兵的家人，由此可以推知，商店老板欽佩國家英雄。故選C。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“MichaelandMaurofoundaYouTubevideoofamemorialserviceforGeorgeconductedinhishometown,Cherokee,byalocalserviceofficerWarrenDupree.TheboysemailedDupree,whorespondedwithdetailsabouttheheroicactthatcarnedGeorgethemedals.(邁克爾和毛羅在YouTube上找到了一段視頻，視頻是當(dāng)?shù)匾幻姽傥謧悺ざ牌绽自趩讨蔚募亦l(xiāng)切羅基為喬治舉行的追悼會。男孩們給杜普雷發(fā)了電子郵件，杜普雷回復(fù)了喬治贏得獎?wù)碌挠⒂滦袨榈募?xì)節(jié))”可知，最終通過YouTube，孩子成功找到了獎?wù)碌闹魅?，返還了獎?wù)隆９蔬xB?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theshop’sownersaidthemedalswereworthhundredsofdollars,butheagreedtolettheboyshavethemforfreeononecondition:thattheyreturntheawardstothesoldier’sfamily.(這家商店老板說，這些獎?wù)聝r(jià)值數(shù)百美元，但他同意讓孩子們免費(fèi)獲得，但有一個(gè)條件：他們要把獎?wù)逻€給這位士兵的家人)”及第三段“MichaelandMaurofoundaYouTubevideoofamemorialserviceforGeorgeconductedinhishometown,Cherokee,byalocalserviceofficerWarrenDupree.TheboysemailedDupree,whorespondedwithdetailsabouttheheroicactthatcarnedGeorgethemedals.(邁克爾和毛羅在YouTube上找到了一段視頻，視頻是當(dāng)?shù)匾幻姽傥謧悺ざ牌绽自趩讨蔚募亦l(xiāng)切羅基為喬治舉行的追悼會。男孩們給杜普雷發(fā)了電子郵件，杜普雷回復(fù)了喬治贏得獎?wù)碌挠⒂滦袨榈募?xì)節(jié))”并結(jié)合全段內(nèi)容可推知，店主托兄弟倆找到獎?wù)碌闹魅瞬ⅹ務(wù)逻€給家人，兄弟倆經(jīng)過尋找和搜索，最終在YouTube的幫助下找到了獎?wù)轮魅说募胰耍虼?，他們倆是有決心的，值得信賴的。故選C?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Whilesearchingthroughmilitarymemorabilia(紀(jì)念品),theboyshadunearthedaPurpleHeart,aBronzeStar,andaGoodConductMedalbearingthenameCharlesJ.George.(在搜尋軍事紀(jì)念品時(shí)，孩子們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚紫心勛章、一枚銅星勛章和一枚刻有查爾斯·J·喬治名字的良好行為勛章)”及文章最后一段“DupreeinvitedthebrotherstoCherokeetopresentthemedalstoGeorge’sfamilyafewmonthslater.(幾個(gè)月后，杜普雷邀請兄弟倆到切羅基把獎?wù)滤徒o喬治的家人)”可知，本文講述了邁克爾和弟弟毛羅在搜尋軍事紀(jì)念品時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一枚印有名字的勛章，在YouTube的幫助下，他們最終找到了獎?wù)碌墨@得者，并將獎?wù)逻€給其家人的故事。因此，D選項(xiàng)“發(fā)現(xiàn)隱藏的過去”與本文內(nèi)容相符。故選D。CUsingaheadsetathometodeliveralowelectricalcurrenttothebraincanrelievesymptomsofdepression.Theapproach,calledtranscranialdirectcurrentstimulation(tDCS),iseffectivewhenusedseveraltimesaweekforhalfanhouratatime.Previoustrialshaveshownthatthetherapyworksundermedicalsupervisioninaclinicorlab.Now,arandomisedtrialhasdemonstratedthatatDCSheadsetcanalsoreducedepressionsymptomswhenwornathome.Severalformsofelectricalbrainstimulationmayhavethepotentialtotreatdepression.WithtDCS,spongeelectrodesareplacedontheleftandrightsidesoftheforehead,causingamildcurrenttoflowfromthelefttotheright.Thismakesbraincellsontheleftsidemorelikelytofire,withsomestudiessuggestingthatactivityinthisregionislowinpeoplewithdepression.Repeatedsessionsofstimulationmayleadtolongertermchangesinthebraincells,increasingtheiractivitylevels,saysteammemberCynthiaFuattheUniversityofEastLondon.Affectingactivityinthisregionprobablyaltersactivityinmultipleareas,shesays.“Thereareprobablymanybrainregionscausingdepression.”Toseeifpeoplecanbenefitfromusingsuchadeviceathome,theteamrandomlyassigned174peoplewithmoderateorseveredepressiontoreceiveeitherafullsessionofstimulationfromtheheadsetorstimulationfromthesamedevicethatlastedjustafewseconds.Peoplefelttheirskinachingatthestartandendofeachsession.Whilethedepressionsymptomsofbothgroupsimprovedona52pointscale,thosewhogottherealtreatmentshowedthemostbenefit,byabout9pointsparedwith7,adegreeofdifferencethatissimilartothatseenwithantidepressants(抗抑郁藥),“Wefoundpeoplelikedhavingitathome,”saysFu.“Participantscouldbuilditintotheirday.”8.Whatisthefunctionoftheheadset?A.Curingdepressioninpatients. B.Testingthedegreeofdepression.C.Adjustingbrain’selectricalcurrent. D.Reducingsymptomsofdepression.9.HowdoesthetDCSapproachwork?A.Bymakingtheleftbraincellsactive. B.Bycausingastrongelectricalcurrent.C.Bychangingthebrainwave’sdirection. D.Bystimulatingallbrainregionsrepeatedly.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alters”inparagraph4mean?A.Monitors. B.Disturbs. C.Limits. D.Changes.11.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheparticipantsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theyfeelrelievedtosomeextent. B.Theyremainrelaxedinthesession.C.Theyusedifferentkindsofheadsets. D.Theyareboundtorelyontheheadsets.【答案】8.D9.A10.D11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了經(jīng)顱直流電刺激法（tDCS）對于治療抑郁癥的原理和用處。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Usingaheadsetathometodeliveralowelectricalcurrenttothebraincanrelievesymptomsofdepression.(在家里使用耳機(jī)向大腦輸送低電流可以緩解抑郁癥狀)”可知，第一段提到的耳機(jī)可以減輕抑郁癥狀。故選D?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“WithtDCS,spongeelectrodesareplacedontheleftandrightsidesoftheforehead,causingamildcurrenttoflowfromthelefttotheright.Thismakesbraincellsontheleftsidemorelikelytofire,withsomestudiessuggestingthatactivityinthisregionislowinpeoplewithdepression.(使用tDCS時(shí)，海綿電極被放置在前額的左右兩側(cè)，使輕微的電流從左流向右。這使得左側(cè)的腦細(xì)胞更容易激活，一些研究表明，抑郁癥患者這一區(qū)域的活動較低)”可知，tDCS方法將輕微的電流從左側(cè)大腦流經(jīng)右側(cè)大腦，左側(cè)的腦細(xì)胞更容易激活，加大這一區(qū)域的活動。故選A?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Repeatedsessionsofstimulationmayleadtolongertermchangesinthebraincells,increasingtheiractivitylevels(反復(fù)的刺激可能會導(dǎo)致腦細(xì)胞的長期變化，增加它們的活動水平)”及后文“activityinmultipleareas(多個(gè)區(qū)域的活動)”及“Thereareprobablymanybrainregionscausingdepression.(可能有許多大腦區(qū)域會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥)”可知，刺激腦部這一區(qū)域會改變多區(qū)域的活動性，劃線詞意思為“改變”，與change意思相近。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whilethedepressionsymptomsofbothgroupsimprovedona52pointscale,thosewhogottherealtreatmentshowedthemostbenefit,byabout9pointsparedwith7,adegreeofdifferencethatissimilartothatseenwithantidepressants(抗抑郁藥).(雖然兩組的抑郁癥狀都得到了52分的改善，但那些接受了真正治療的人表現(xiàn)出了最大的好處，大約是9分，而不是7分，這種程度的差異與服用抗抑郁藥的情況相似)”可知，這種方法對于抑郁癥患者有一定效果，他們在某種程度上感到了放松。故選A。DUsingaheadsetathometodeliveralowelectricalcurrenttothebraincanrelievesymptomsofdepression.Theapproach,calledtranscranialdirectcurrentstimulation(tDCS),iseffectivewhenusedseveraltimesaweekforhalfanhouratatime.Previoustrialshaveshownthatthetherapyworksundermedicalsupervisioninaclinicorlab.Now,arandomisedtrialhasdemonstratedthatatDCSheadsetcanalsoreducedepressionsymptomswhenwornathome.Severalformsofelectricalbrainstimulationmayhavethepotentialtotreatdepression.WithtDCS,spongeelectrodesareplacedontheleftandrightsidesoftheforehead,causingamildcurrenttoflowfromthelefttotheright.Thismakesbraincellsontheleftsidemorelikelytofire,withsomestudiessuggestingthatactivityinthisregionislowinpeoplewithdepression.Repeatedsessionsofstimulationmayleadtolongertermchangesinthebraincells,increasingtheiractivitylevels,saysteammemberCynthiaFuattheUniversityofEastLondon.Affectingactivityinthisregionprobablyaltersactivityinmultipleareas,shesays.“Thereareprobablymanybrainregionscausingdepression.”Toseeifpeoplecanbenefitfromusingsuchadeviceathome,theteamrandomlyassigned174peoplewithmoderateorseveredepressiontoreceiveeitherafullsessionofstimulationfromtheheadsetorstimulationfromthesamedevicethatlastedjustafewseconds.Peoplefelttheirskinachingatthestartandendofeachsession.Whilethedepressionsymptomsofbothgroupsimprovedona52pointscale,thosewhogottherealtreatmentshowedthemostbenefit,byabout9pointsparedwith7,adegreeofdifferencethatissimilartothatseenwithantidepressants(抗抑郁藥),“Wefoundpeoplelikedhavingitathome,”saysFu.“Participantscouldbuilditintotheirday.”12.Whatisthefunctionoftheheadset?A.Curingdepressioninpatients. B.Testingthedegreeofdepression.C.Adjustingbrain’selectricalcurrent. D.Reducingsymptomsofdepression.13.HowdoesthetDCSapproachwork?A.Bymakingtheleftbraincellsactive. B.Bycausingastrongelectricalcurrent.C.Bychangingthebrainwave’sdirection. D.Bystimulatingallbrainregionsrepeatedly.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alters”inparagraph4mean?A.Monitors. B.Disturbs. C.Limits. D.Changes.15.Whatcanbelearnedabouttheparticipantsfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Theyfeelrelievedtosomeextent. B.Theyremainrelaxedinthesession.C.Theyusedifferentkindsofheadsets. D.Theyareboundtorelyontheheadsets.【答案】12.D13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇說明文，介紹了經(jīng)顱直流電刺激法（tDCS）對于治療抑郁癥的原理和用處?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Usingaheadsetathometodeliveralowelectricalcurrenttothebraincanrelievesymptomsofdepression.(在家里使用耳機(jī)向大腦輸送低電流可以緩解抑郁癥狀)”可知，第一段提到的耳機(jī)可以減輕抑郁癥狀。故選D?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“WithtDCS,spongeelectrodesareplacedontheleftandrightsidesoftheforehead,causingamildcurrenttoflowfromthelefttotheright.Thismakesbraincellsontheleftsidemorelikelytofire,withsomestudiessuggestingthatactivityinthisregionislowinpeoplewithdepression.(使用tDCS時(shí)，海綿電極被放置在前額左右兩側(cè)，使輕微的電流從左流向右。這使得左側(cè)的腦細(xì)胞更容易激活，一些研究表明，抑郁癥患者這一區(qū)域的活動較低)”可知，tDCS方法將輕微的電流從左側(cè)大腦流經(jīng)右側(cè)大腦，左側(cè)的腦細(xì)胞更容易激活，加大這一區(qū)域的活動。故選A。【14題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前文“Repeatedsessionsofstimulationmayleadtolongertermchangesinthebraincells,increasingtheiractivitylevels(反復(fù)的刺激可能會導(dǎo)致腦細(xì)胞的長期變化，增加它們的活動水平)”及后文“activityinmultipleareas(多個(gè)區(qū)域的活動)”及“Thereareprobablymanybrainregionscausingdepression.(可能有許多大腦區(qū)域會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥)”可知，刺激腦部這一區(qū)域會改變多區(qū)域的活動性，劃線詞意思為“改變”，與change意思相近。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Whilethedepressionsymptomsofbothgroupsimprovedona52pointscale,thosewhogottherealtreatmentshowedthemostbenefit,byabout9pointsparedwith7,adegreeofdifferencethatissimilartothatseenwithantidepressants(抗抑郁藥).(雖然兩組的抑郁癥狀都得到了52分的改善，但那些接受了真正治療的人表現(xiàn)出了最大的好處，大約是9分，而不是7分，這種程度的差異與服用抗抑郁藥的情況相似)”可知，這種方法對于抑郁癥患者有一定效果，他們在某種程度上感到了放松。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ShouldIgoforabrownieorasliceofcake?Isitbesttotakeupfootballorswimming?____16____Butitcansometimesleadtofeelingscared,uncertainandtorn.Whenyou’reabletoreachdecisions,andacceptandlearnfromyourchoices,thiscangiveyouasenseofcalm.____17____Somedecisionscanhaveconsequencesforyourhealth,schoolandrelationships.Ignoringdecisionmakingcanpletelyleadto“buryingyourheadinthesand”.Asyougrowup.makingchoicesbeesaregularpartoflife.Itisreallybraintwistingtomaketoughdecisions.____18____Youcouldstartbylistingthedifferentoptionsthenweighinguptheprosandconsofeachone.AnitaGarai,authorofthebook,BeingwithOurFeelings,says,“Followyourtruefeelingandlistentoyourheart,especiallyifyourthoughtsareconfusedoryoufeelanxious.Trytocatchyourfirstimpulse,beforeyourmindquestionsthings.”____19____Manypeopleworryaboutmakingthe“right”decision,especiallyifyoufeeldisappointedbyhowthingsturnout.There’snotalwaysarightchoiceandawrongchoice.____20____Iftheoneyouchooseleadstodisappointment,tryreflectingonitandthinkaboutwhetheryouwouldmakeadifferentdecisioninthefuture.A.Aretimelydecisionsvital?B.Whydoeschoosingmatter?C.Peoplemakechoiceseveryday.D.Thinkcarefullybeforemakingdecisions.EDifferentpathsleadtodifferentexperiences.F.Butbreakingdownyourthinkingcanbehelpful.G.Alwaysbecarefulaboutmakingadecisionjusttopleaseothers.【答案】16.C17.B18.F19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。人們每天都在做出選擇，文章闡述做選擇很重要的原因，以及如何做出選擇?！?6題詳解】上文“ShouldIgoforabrownieorasliceofcake?Isitbesttotakeupfootballorswimming?(我應(yīng)該去吃布朗尼蛋糕還是一塊蛋糕？學(xué)足球好還是學(xué)游泳好？)”用兩個(gè)選擇疑問句說明生活中很多時(shí)候都要做出選擇；C選項(xiàng)“Peoplemakechoiceseveryday.(人們每天都在做出選擇。)”指出人們每天都在做出選擇，符合語境，與下文“Butitcansometimesleadtofeelingscared,uncertainandtorn.(但它有時(shí)會讓你感到害怕、不確定和撕裂。)”構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選C。【17題詳解】設(shè)空處為段首句，引領(lǐng)下文；下文“Somedecisionscanhaveconsequencesforyourhealth,schoolandrelationships.Ignoringdecisionmakingcanpletelyleadto“buryingyourheadinthesand”.Asyougrowup.makingchoicesbeesaregularpartoflife.(有些決定可能會對你的健康、學(xué)業(yè)和人際關(guān)系產(chǎn)生影響。忽視決策完全可能導(dǎo)致“把頭埋在沙子里（逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)）”。當(dāng)你長大了。做出選擇成為生活的一部分。)”闡述了為什么選擇非常重要；B選項(xiàng)“Whydoeschoosingmatter?(為什么選擇很重要?)”：提出問題：為什么選擇很重要？下文對這個(gè)問題做出回答。故選B?！?8題詳解】由上文“Itisreallybraintwistingtomaketoughdecisions.(做艱難的決定真費(fèi)腦筋。)”和下文“Youcouldstartbylistingthedifferentoptionsthenweighinguptheprosandconsofeachone.(你可以從列出不同的選擇開始，然后權(quán)衡每個(gè)選擇的利弊。)”可推斷出，設(shè)空處闡述了面臨艱難抉擇時(shí)如何去做決定；F選項(xiàng)“Butbreakingdownyourthinkingcanbehelpful.(但是打破你的思維是有幫助的。)”指出面臨艱難決定時(shí)打破你的思維是有幫助的，且與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F?！?9題詳解】上文“AnitaGarai,authorofthebook,BeingwithOurFeelings,says,“Followyourtruefeelingandlistentoyourheart,especiallyifyourthoughtsareconfusedoryoufeelanxious.Trytocatchyourfirstimpulse,beforeyourmindquestionsthings.”

(《與我們的感覺同在》一書的作者安妮塔·加萊說：‘跟隨你的真實(shí)感覺，傾聽你的內(nèi)心，尤其是當(dāng)你的想法混亂或你感到焦慮時(shí)。試著抓住你的第一個(gè)沖動，在你的大腦質(zhì)疑事物之前?！?”引用了安妮塔·加萊在《與我們的感覺同在》所闡述的內(nèi)容，指出做決定要跟隨你的真實(shí)感覺，傾聽自己的內(nèi)心；G選項(xiàng)“Alwaysbecarefulaboutmakingadecisionjusttopleaseothers.(永遠(yuǎn)要小心，不要為了取悅別人而做決定。)”指出不要為了取悅別人而做決定，符合語境。故選G?！?0題詳解】上文“There’snotalwaysarightchoiceandawrongchoice.(沒有正確的選擇和錯(cuò)誤的選擇。)”指出選擇沒有對錯(cuò)之分；E選項(xiàng)“Differentpathsleadtodifferentexperiences.(不同的道路導(dǎo)致不同的經(jīng)歷。)”承接上文，指出不同的選擇會帶來不同的經(jīng)歷，符合語境。故選E。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Onnothingbuta“woodenboardandfourwheels”,agroupofwomenarespeedingdownwindymountainroads.Formostpeople,thiscouldsound____21____.ButforAnnaPixner,downhillskateboardingatspeedbringsa____22____feeling:freedom.AustrianPixnergot____23____inthissportsixyearsago.Whenshestartedpeting,shewould____24____incrowdsofhundredsofmen.Journalistspointoutthatsheisa(n)____25____inthismaledominatedsport,butPixnerhastiredofsuch____26____.“There’snotthatmuchofadifferenceexceptthatwe____27____startedabitlater.Thereisnomediaaboutit...ifyouneversawawomandoingthat,it’shardertogetthe____28____todothat.”Thatisaboutto____29____:Pixner’sjourneyiscapturedinanewfilm“WoolfWomen,”which_____30_____her5,700kilometerjourneywithfourotheryoungwomenacrossEuropein2019.Oneofthecentral_____31_____ofthefilmismentalhealth.Pixnersaysshefindsskatinghelpfultoallkindsofmentalissues.“Formyself,I_____32_____ittoo.Iusedtobeextremelyanxiousandskateboardingabsolutely_____33_____me.”Thoughskateboardingwasonceasportonthe_____34_____ofsociety,itisnowbeingmoremainstream,andin2021becameanOlympicevent.Pixnerhopesthatdownhillskateboardingwillsoon_____35_____itsappealtomoreyoungsters.21.A.terrifying B.exciting C.surprising D.amusing22.A.mixed B.different C.normal D.strange23.A.dismissed B.punished C.disturbed D.involved24.A.standout B.turnup C.givein D.lookon25.A.trouble B.example C.exception D.danger26.A.reasons B.ments C.behaviors D.memories27.A.absolutely B.incredibly C.unfortunately D.dramatically28.A.money B.excuse C.energy D.idea29.A.change B.start C.continue D.worsen30.A.monitors B.inspires C.designs D.documents31.A.themes B.styles C.copies D.rules32.A.discovered B.avoided C.experienced D.imagined33.A.entertained B.cured C.controlled D.exhausted34.A.top B.front C.edge D.basis35.A.limit B.reduce C.ensure D.expand【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.A25.C26.B27.C28.D29.A30.D31.A32.C33.B34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了滑板運(yùn)動員AustrianPixner對于滑板運(yùn)動的熱愛，她希望這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動能吸引到更多的年輕人。【21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對大多數(shù)人來說，這聽起來可能很可怕。A.terrifying嚇人的；B.exciting令人激動的；C.surprising令人驚訝的；D.amusing令人愉快的。根據(jù)“Onnothingbuta“woodenboardandfourwheels”,agroupofwomenarespeedingdownwindymountainroads.”可知，大部分人認(rèn)為，在山路上滑滑板很可怕。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是對于AnnaPixner來說，下坡滑板帶來了一種不同的感覺：自由。A.mixed混合的；B.different不同的；C.normal正常的；D.strange奇怪的。根據(jù)“ButforAnnaPixner,downhillskateboardingatspeedbringsa”及“freedom”可知，對于AnnaPixner來說，滑滑板帶來了不同的感覺。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：奧地利人皮克納六年前開始參與這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動。A.dismissed開除，不考慮；B.punished懲罰；C.disturbed打擾，妨礙；D.involved涉及，參與。根據(jù)“inthissportsixyearsago”可知，Pixner于六年前開始參加這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動，getinvolvedin意思為：參與。故選D項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：當(dāng)她開始比賽時(shí)，她會在數(shù)百名男子中脫穎而出。A.standout脫穎而出；B.turnup出現(xiàn)；C.givein屈服；D.lookon旁觀。根據(jù)“incrowdsofhundredsofmen”及最后一段“which____10____her5,700kilometerjourneywithfourotheryoungwomenacrossEuropein2019”可知，Pixner比賽時(shí)表現(xiàn)優(yōu)異，在眾多男子中脫穎而出。故選A項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：記者們指出，在這項(xiàng)男性主導(dǎo)的運(yùn)動中，她是一個(gè)例外，但皮克納已經(jīng)厭倦了這樣的評論。A.trouble麻煩；B.example例子；C.exception例外；D.danger危險(xiǎn)。根據(jù)“Whenshestartedpeting,shewould____4____incrowdsofhundredsofmen.”可知，Pixner的表現(xiàn)很好，而她是一個(gè)女性，所以是一個(gè)例外。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.reasons理由；B.ments評論；C.behaviors行為；D.memories記憶。根據(jù)上文“Journalistspointoutthatsheisa(n)____5____inthismaledominatedsport”可知，Pixner不喜歡記者如此評價(jià)她，不喜歡拿自己和男運(yùn)動選手相比。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：其實(shí)并沒有太大的區(qū)別，只是我們開始得晚了一點(diǎn)。A.absolutely完全地；B.incredibly不可思議地；C.unfortunately不幸地；D.dramatically戲劇性地。根據(jù)“There’snotthatmuchofadifference”及“startedabitlater”可知，Pixner認(rèn)為男性和女性運(yùn)動員沒有區(qū)別，只是很不幸，女性滑板運(yùn)動開始較晚。故選C項(xiàng)。【28題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：沒有媒體報(bào)道……如果你從未見過一個(gè)女人這樣做，你就很難有這樣的想法。A.money錢；B.excuse借口；C.energy能量；D.idea想法。根據(jù)“ifyouneversawawomandoingthat”可知，如果從未看見一個(gè)女人這么做，就很難有女人也可以參與滑板的想法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這種情況即將改變：Pixner的旅程被記錄在一部新電影《伍爾夫女人》中，這部電影記錄了她和另外四名年輕女性在2019年在歐洲進(jìn)行的5700公里的旅程。A.change改變；B.start開始；C.continue繼續(xù)；D.worsen變壞。根據(jù)“Pixner’sjourneyiscapturedinanewfilm“WoolfWomen”可知，前面對于女性參與滑板類比賽，媒體大肆贊揚(yáng)女性的現(xiàn)象開始改變。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意同上。A.monitors監(jiān)視；B.inspires鼓勵(lì)；C.designs設(shè)計(jì)；D.documents記錄，記載。根據(jù)“inanewfilm“WoolfWomen”可知，電影記錄了Pixner和其他女性在歐洲進(jìn)行的5700公里的旅程。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這部電影的中心主題之一是心理健康。A.themes主題；B.styles風(fēng)格；C.copies副本；D.rules規(guī)則。根據(jù)“ismentalhealth”可知，這部電影以“心理健康”為主題。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己也經(jīng)歷過。A.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.avoided避免；C.experienc