高考語(yǔ)法講座 形容詞和副詞

高考語(yǔ)法講座形容詞和副詞形容詞、副詞是高考的熱點(diǎn)，難點(diǎn)，現(xiàn)在就高考試題講一下形容詞、副詞的用法。一、命題點(diǎn)命題點(diǎn)1考察形容詞和副詞在具體語(yǔ)境中的應(yīng)用1.Imustbegettingfat-Ican____domytrousersup.(NMET2004)

A.fairlyB.hardlyC.nearlyD.seldom2.Whenweplanourvacation,Motheroftenoffers___suggestions.(NMET2004)

A.carefulB.PracticalC.effectiveD.acceptable分析：第1題考查副詞的運(yùn)用，fairly意為“公平地、十分地”；hardly意為“幾乎不”；nearly意為“幾乎”seldom意為“很少”。從提干上看，破折號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前一句的解釋?zhuān)琩oup意為“系上，扣上”，顯然B項(xiàng)符合題意。第2題考查形容詞詞義的區(qū)別，careful意為“仔細(xì)的”，practical意為“實(shí)際的、實(shí)用的”effective意為“有效的”；acceptable意為“可接受的”。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知B項(xiàng)最佳。命題點(diǎn)2考查多個(gè)形容詞修飾同一中心名詞時(shí)的排列順序。(1)JohnSmith,asuccessfulbusinessman,hasa____car.(NMET2004遼寧)

A.largeGermanwhiteB.largewhiteGerman

C.whitelargeGermanD.Germanlargewhite(2)The___housesmellsasifithasn'tbeenlivedinforyears.(NMET2004江蘇)A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenlittleC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle分析：多個(gè)形容詞修飾同一名詞時(shí)，其排列順序?yàn)椋合蓿聪薅ㄔ~，如a,the,my,all---）觀（即表示觀點(diǎn)的形容詞，如good,fine---）形（即表示形狀的形容詞，如big,small,round---）色（即表示顏色的形容詞，如red,brown,yellow---）國(guó)（即表示國(guó)家、地區(qū)的形容詞，如Chinese,Asian,European---）材（即表示構(gòu)成事物材料的形容詞，如wooden,metal,glass…）+中心名詞。命題點(diǎn)3考查形容詞、副詞與其它詞類(lèi)構(gòu)成的習(xí)慣搭配（1）-I’mvery___withmyowncooking.Itlooksniceandsmellsdelicious.-Mm,itdoeshavea_____smell.(NMET2003)A.pleasant;pleasedB.Pleased;pleasedC.Pleased;pleasantD.pleased;Pleasant(2)Mr.Smithusedtosmoke___buthehasgivenitup.(NMET2004天津)A.seriouslyB.heavilyC.badlyD.hardly分析：第1題bepleasedwith對(duì)-----滿意，是習(xí)慣搭配：pleasant意為令人愉快的，故D項(xiàng)正確。第2題表示吸煙很多，smoke通常與heavily連用，故B項(xiàng)正確。命題點(diǎn)4考查詞尾有-ly與無(wú)-ly的副詞區(qū)別Itwasrainingheavily,LittleMaryfeltcold,soshestood___tohermother.(NMET2002)A.

closeB.closelyC.closedD.closing分析：中學(xué)課本中常見(jiàn)的這類(lèi)副詞有：close接近、靠近（指實(shí)際距離）closely仔細(xì)地、嚴(yán)密地；late晚、遲。近來(lái)；lately努力地、猛烈地，hardly幾乎不，last上一次，lastly最后（一點(diǎn)）；just正好、剛才，justly公正地；dear突然地、完全地，deadly致命的，非常，dear昂貴地，dearly深深地、非常；deep深深地（指實(shí)際動(dòng)作），deeply深入地、深深地（比喻）；most最、非常，大多數(shù)，mostly主要地；high高高地（指具體的高度），highly高度地、非常；near附近，接近，nearly幾乎；free自由地、免費(fèi)地，freely自由地，隨便地；wide廣大地、寬地，widely廣泛的。掌握了這類(lèi)詞的基本用法和規(guī)律，本題的答案容易找到。根據(jù)題意知，A項(xiàng)正確。命題點(diǎn)5考查比較等級(jí)的用法包括：（1）比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)的基本用法（2）比較級(jí)的修飾詞（３）特殊的比較句型（４）as---as同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)等(1)

HespeaksEnglishwellindeed,butofcoursenot____anativespeaker.(NMET2004上海)A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan(2)Therearetwobuildings____standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.(NMET2004湖北)A.thelargerB.thelargerofthatC.thelargeonethatD.thelargerofwhich(3)Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___thanexpected.Thereweremanyticketsleft.(NMET2004福建)A.muchsmallerB.muchmoreC.muchlargerD.manymore(4)AsfarasIamconcerned,educationisaboutlearningandthemoreyoulearn___.(NMET2002上海)A.themoreforlifeareyouequippedB.themoreequippedforlifeyouareC.themorelifeyouareequippedforD.youareequippedthemoreforlife分析：第１題考查as--as同級(jí)比較結(jié)構(gòu)，從speak知此空應(yīng)填副詞，排除Ａ、Ｂ兩項(xiàng)。As---as結(jié)構(gòu)用于否定句時(shí)，前一個(gè)as可用so代替，故C項(xiàng)正確，D項(xiàng)將much改為more才正確。第２題考查比較級(jí)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，凡兩者比較要評(píng)一個(gè)“最……”時(shí)，比較級(jí)前通常加the，此題空格前沒(méi)有and連接，說(shuō)明是一句話，故Ｄ項(xiàng)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句正確。第３題考查比較級(jí)的基本用法及其修飾語(yǔ)，提干中的比較對(duì)象是number，故排除B|D兩項(xiàng)，根據(jù)后句知Ａ項(xiàng)正確，修飾比較級(jí)的常用語(yǔ)有：much,alot,agreatdeal,far,even,still,byfar,abit,alittle,rather,any等。另外，數(shù)詞、倍數(shù)、分?jǐn)?shù)等也可修飾比較級(jí)。第４題考查比較級(jí)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)，這里構(gòu)成“the＋比較級(jí)……，the＋比較級(jí)……”結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“越……越…...”，用正常語(yǔ)序。故Ｂ項(xiàng)正確。二、形容詞比較級(jí)小結(jié)形容詞比較級(jí)在高考考試中是一個(gè)重要考點(diǎn)，也是學(xué)生最容易混淆的知識(shí)點(diǎn)，根據(jù)這一情況特歸納如下：1.as…as…/notas(so)…as…eg:①Ourneighborhas___B___ours.A.asabighouseasB.asbigahouseasC.thesamebighouseas

D.ahousethesamebigas②HespeaksEnglishwellindeed;butofcoursenot___C__anativespeaker.A.asfluentasB.morefluentthanC.sofluentlyasD.muchfluentlythan分析：as…as表示“與……一樣”，notas…as…或notso…as…意思是“不如……”；第一個(gè)as或so后接adj.或adv.的原級(jí)，第二個(gè)as后接比較的對(duì)象。2.比較前的程度狀語(yǔ)Thenumberofpeoplepresentattheconcertwas___A___thanexpected，thereweremanyticketsleft.分析：比較級(jí)前根據(jù)不同意思，可用不同程度的狀語(yǔ)。any一些、一點(diǎn)，常用于疑問(wèn)句中。abit、alittle、slightly稍微、一點(diǎn)。much、alot、greatly、byfar、far、agreatdeal……得多，even更……3.the+比較級(jí)Therearetwobuildings,___D_standsnearlyahundredfeethigh.A.thelargerB.thelargerofthem

C.thelargeronethatD.thelargerofwhich分析：表示兩者中“較…的一個(gè)”時(shí)，用定冠詞the.另外：“the+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí)”意為“越…就越…”。ThemoreBillworkedonthemathproblem,themoreconfusedhebecame.這道習(xí)題比爾越做越糊涂。4.倍數(shù)表達(dá)法①Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced___C___tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.

A.astwicemany

B.asmanytwice

C.twiceasmany

D.twicemanyas②Ataroughestimate,Nigeriais__D___GreatBritain.A.threetimesthesizeasB.thesizethreetimesofC.threetimesasthesizeofD.threetimesthesizeof③Itisreportedthattheunitedstatesused___D____energyasthewholeofEurope.A.astwiceB.twicemuch

C.twicemuchasD.twiceasmuch分析：倍數(shù)的表達(dá)法通常有以下三種：①倍數(shù)+as+原級(jí)+as+對(duì)比成分例：我們的教室是他們的三倍大。Ourclassroomisthreetimesasbigastheirs.②倍數(shù)+thesize(length,width,depth,height)of+對(duì)比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesthesizeoftheirs.③倍數(shù)+比較級(jí)+對(duì)比成分Ourclassroomisthreetimesbiggerthantheirs.下面對(duì)上一講的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行鞏固：1.Whathesaidjustnowsounded______,Ithink.A.quiteperfectlyB.niceandinterestingC.niceorpoliteD.nicelyandfriendly2.Doyouenjoylisteningtorecords?Ifindrecordsareoften______orbetterthananactualperformance.A.asgoodasB.asgoodC.goodD.goodas3.Lastnightwemetwith________rainatthestation.A.aquiteheavyB.tooheavyaC.suchheavyaD.asoheavy4.Afterhavinggone________far,Georgedidnotwanttoturnback.AenoughB.muchC.suchD.that5.Whichis______book,thenewoneortheoldone?A.betterB.thebetterC.bestD.that6.Theoldgentlemanhas_______beentothegreatWallbefore,hashe?A.alwaysB.alreadyC.everD.not7.Theyhaveproduce______theydidlastyear.A.twicemoregrainasB.twiceasmuchgrainas

C.twiceasmanygrainasD.astwicemanygrainas8.Itissaidthatthefilmis_____seeing.A.veryworthB.quiteworthyofC.wellworthD.ratherworthyof9.MissYangwearsthe_____skitsasyou,but____fromMissXiao’s.A.similar;differentlyB.same;differentC.different;sameD.same;differently10.Thereare_____booksinourlibrarythanyourlibrary.A.manymoreB.moremanyC.muchmoreD.moremuch11.Thelecturewasso______thatallthepeopleinthehallwere______.A.moving;excitingB.moving;excitedC.moved;excitedD.move;exciting12.Smokingissobadforhishealththathedoesn’tsmoke.A.nolongerB.theoldestCanylongerD.atall13.Theteacherwonderedwhy____manystudentshadmade______carelessmistake.

Aso;soB.so;suchCsuch;soDsuch;such14.Itis_____thathisEnglishis_____perfect.A.sure;veryB.right;ratherC.exact;fairlyD.certainquite15.OxfordandCambridgeare______oftheBritishUniversities.A.theolderB.theoldestC.olderD.oldest16.Thereisstill______betweenthetopandthebottomincomegroupsinthiscountry.A.toomuchbigagap

B.atoomuchbiggap

C.muchtoobigagapD.amuchtoobiggap17.GreatBritainis_____ofthesetwoisland.

A.thelargerB.thelargestC.largerD.thebiggest18.Initscentralpartmanystreetsare______100yearoldA.moreoverB.welloverC.wellaboveD.orso19.--Doyouthinkhecanwinthistime.--Oh,yes.Itis______-thatawill.A.verylikelyB.almostsurelyC.quitecertainlyD.verypossibly20.Mr.Wanghasneverseen_______placeasDisneyland.A.morebeautifulaB.amorebeautifulC.sobeautifulaD.suchbeautifula21.My______sisterwhoworksinthebankistwoyears____thanI.A.younger;olderB.older;elderC.elder;elderD.elder;older22.Chinaisalargecountrywhichisgetting____.A.moreandmoredevelopedB.moreandmoredevelopingC.moredevelopedandmoredeveloped

D.moredevelopingandmoredeveloping23.Thesportsshoesare___forme.

A.tooalittlesmallB.alittlesmalltooC.toosmallalittleD.alittletoosmall24.Myparentswere____whenIreachedhome.A.quiteasleepB.sleepingfast

C.soundasleepD.toosleeping25.____,themorehelikesit.

A.ItisthemoredangerousB.ItisthemostdangerousC.ThemoreitisdangerousD.Themoredangerousitis26.Chinahasa___populationthan____inAfrica.A.more;anyothercountryB.more;anycountryC.larger;anycountryD.larger;alltheothercountries27.-Howdidyoufindyourvisittothemuseum?-Ithoroughlyenjoyedit.Itwas___interestingthanIhadexpected.A.farmoreB.evenmuchC.somoreD.alotmuch28.Thisisamostbeautifulpark.Ihaveneverseen____onebefore.A.thebestB.thebetterC.abestD.abetter29.___itistohaveapicnicbythesea!A.WhatagreatpleasureB.WhatgreatpleasureC.HowagreatpleasureD.Howgreatpleasure30.Theboywasn’t____atEnglish,butnowhedoes____init.A.good;goodB.well;betterC.better;wellD.good;better31.He’sliketosleepwiththewindow___atnightA.openwideB.openwidelyC.wideopenD.openedwide32.Heoftenkeeps____newspapers_____.

A.everyday;tidilyB.daily;orderly

C.everyday;tidilyD.theday;tidy33.Wemustleavenow;___we’llbelateforwork.A.soB.otherwiseC.thenD.and34.Shesmiledtothepeoplearoundbut___lookedstraightahead,gettingholdofherhusband’shand.

A.mostB.almostC.mostlyD.nearly35.Theguildtoldusthathewouldorganizesomebusinessmenabroad____nextweek.

A.sometimeB.sometimeC.sometimesD.sometimes36.Whatawonder!They’vefinished____30%ofthetaskwithinoneweek.A.nomorethanB.nolessthanC.notmorethanD.muchlessthan37.I’vegot____worktodoona_____coldday.

A.muchtoo;muchtooB.toomuch;toomuchC.toomuch;muchtooD.muchtoo;toomuch38.–Ishe____bettertoday?-Ofcourse,A.muchB.abitC.anyD.even39.Itiswrong___toyourfatherlikethatA.foryoutalkingB.foryoutotalkC.ofyoutalkingD.ofyoutotalk40.ThebesttimetogotoAustraliais___autumn.A.laterB.latestC.lateD.last41.Thisis___bridgeeverbuiltinChina.A.longestB.thelongerC.thelongestD.alonger42.-CanIhelpyou?-We