高中英語(yǔ)北師大版選擇性必修四Unit 11 Period 8　Writing-An Opinion Essay

Period8Writing—AnOpinionEssayActivity1Readforsomedetails.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.1．WhichisNOTmentionedinthepassageasunhealthyproduct?A．Fastfood. B．Tobacco.C．Alcohol. D．Computergame.答案D2．Accordingtothesecondparagraph，whichisthesecondfactorthatcausesdeath?A．Obesity.B．Smoking.C．Drinkingalcohol.D．Unhealthyproduct.答案A3．Howisthepassagemainlydeveloped?A．Bylistingexamples.B．Bymakingcomparison.C．Byinferring.D．Byanalyzingcausesandeffects.答案D4．WhichopinionmighttheauthorNOTagreewith?A．Thegovernmentshouldtakestrictermeasurestobanadvertisementsforunhealthyproducts.B．Themoneymadefromunhealthyproductsshouldbeusedforcharitywork.C．BanningTVadvertisementsofunhealthyproductsisbeneficialtobothindividualsandanation.D．Advertisementsforunhealthyproductsandactivitieshaveareallybadinfluenceonchildren.答案BActivity2Readforthestructures.1．Completethestructureofthetextbyputtingthedifferentpartsinthecorrectorder.2．AccordingtotheopinionessayonP40，wecanlearnwhenwewriteanopinionessay，wecanusethefollowingoutline.(寫(xiě)作模板)Recently，wehavehadadiscussionabout...Therearetwooppositeopinionsaboutit.Thosewhofavortheideathink/Somestudentsholdtheirviewforthereasonthat理由一.Whatismore，理由二.Moreover，理由三.Ontheotherhand，themajorityofthepeoplebelievethat/Thosewhoareagainsttheideathink/Othersprefer...Firstly，理由一.Secondly/Besides，理由二.Thirdly/Finally，________理由三.Personally/Frommypointofview/Ithink我的觀點(diǎn).Thereasonisasfollows.Activity3Readforsomegoodsentences.ReadthepassageonP40carefullyagainandfindoutthepersuasivesentences.答案1.Undoubtedly，unhealthyproductsharmourhealth.2．ItisclearlydesirabletolimitTVadvertisementsforfastfood.3．However，surelythisisafalseargument.4．Furthermore，itisnotrighttomakemoneyfromactivitieswhichharmhumanhealth.5．Toconclude，lawstobanTVadvertisementsofunhealthyproductsarebeneficialtosociety.本單元的寫(xiě)作任務(wù)是寫(xiě)一篇正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文。議論文是對(duì)某個(gè)問(wèn)題或某件事進(jìn)行分析、評(píng)論，表明自己的觀點(diǎn)和看法的一種文體。論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證是議論文的三要素，論點(diǎn)是作者對(duì)所論問(wèn)題所持的見(jiàn)解和主張；論據(jù)是用來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的事實(shí)和道理的根據(jù)；論證就是用論據(jù)來(lái)證明論點(diǎn)的方法和過(guò)程。一般來(lái)說(shuō)，議論文每段應(yīng)有主題句(topicsentence)來(lái)確定論點(diǎn)。文章結(jié)尾往往會(huì)提出自己的看法、意見(jiàn)或建議，表示對(duì)某一現(xiàn)象或論點(diǎn)的贊成或反對(duì)。此類議論文常用以下形式安排文章：注意事項(xiàng)1．論點(diǎn)要鮮明；論據(jù)要充分；論據(jù)過(guò)程要條理清晰。2．文章安排邏輯性要強(qiáng)，推理要嚴(yán)密。3．主要使用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。4．結(jié)合題目要求闡述相關(guān)的觀點(diǎn)，切忌隨意發(fā)揮。常用表達(dá)1．引出討論話題(1)Recentlywehavehadaheateddiscussionon...最近我們就……進(jìn)行了激烈的討論。(2)Accordingtoarecentsurvey...依照最近的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查……(3)Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.在這個(gè)問(wèn)題上有意見(jiàn)分歧。2．陳述正/反方觀點(diǎn)及論據(jù)(理由)(1)Somestudentsarefortheidea，whileothersthinkotherwise.一些學(xué)生贊成這個(gè)想法，而另一些學(xué)生則不這么認(rèn)為。(2)However，therearealargenumberofpeoplewhoholdadifferentviewconcerningthiscase.然而，有很多人對(duì)這個(gè)事情持不同的看法。(3)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.它的弊大于利。(4)Someholdtheviewthat...，whileothersthinkthat...有些人認(rèn)為……，然而另一些人認(rèn)為……。3．歸納總結(jié)或發(fā)表自己的觀點(diǎn)(1)Therefore，wecandrawtheconclusionthat...因此，我們可以得出……的結(jié)論。(2)Iholdthebeliefthat...我相信……(3)Takingeverythingintoconsideration，weshouldmakegooduseofthepreciousresources.考慮到一切，我們應(yīng)該好好利用寶貴的資源。(4)AsfarasIamconcerned...就我而言……4．承接詞匯與句式(1)表示并列：what’smore，inaddition，aswell，besides，furthermore，moreover，what’sworse(2)表示因果：therefore，forthisreason，thus，consequently(3)表示轉(zhuǎn)折：but，however，onthecontrary，instead(4)表示時(shí)間順序：later，afterwards，fromthenon，eventually，inthemeantime，then，atthesametime，afterawhile，atpresent，afterthat，finally(5)表示列舉：first，tobeginwith，secondly，firstofall，then，next，finally(6)舉例說(shuō)明：suchas，forexample，forinstance，take...forexample(7)表示讓步：nevertheless，still(8)表示對(duì)比：onthecontrary，incontrast(9)陳述事實(shí)：infact，actually，asamatteroffact，totellyouthetruth(10)表示總結(jié)：inaword，inshort，tosumup，inconclusion，onthewhole，toconclude，inbrief，insummary，ingeneral，allinall(11)表示意義重復(fù)：that’stosay，inotherwords，toputitinanotherway，toputitdifferently，similarly(12)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：aboveall，moreimportantly，indeed，withoutanydoubt當(dāng)前不少文學(xué)作品被改編成電影。有人選擇看電影，有人則喜歡讀原著。請(qǐng)你以“Filmorbook，whichdoyouprefer？”為題，按照下列要點(diǎn)寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文。1．看電影：省時(shí)、有趣、易懂；2．讀原著：細(xì)節(jié)更多、語(yǔ)言優(yōu)美；3．我的看法及理由。參考詞匯：原著originalwork/bookintheoriginal第一步審題謀篇審題寫(xiě)作要求是寫(xiě)一篇對(duì)比正反觀點(diǎn)的議論文，對(duì)比選擇看電影和選擇讀原著的不同觀點(diǎn)。寫(xiě)作時(shí)應(yīng)注意下面幾點(diǎn)：1．確定文體：這是一篇對(duì)比正反觀點(diǎn)的議論文。寫(xiě)作時(shí)注意對(duì)比正反觀點(diǎn)的議論文的寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)。2．主體時(shí)態(tài)：文章應(yīng)以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)為主。3．主體人稱：應(yīng)該以第一和第三人稱為主。謀篇本文是一篇正反觀點(diǎn)對(duì)比類議論文。內(nèi)容可分為三段，時(shí)態(tài)采用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。論點(diǎn)要鮮明，論據(jù)要有說(shuō)服力。第一段(引言段)：簡(jiǎn)潔明了地提出問(wèn)題或現(xiàn)象；第二段(主體段)：分別提出并論證正反兩方觀點(diǎn)與論據(jù)；第三段(結(jié)尾段)：用一兩句話明確闡述自己的觀點(diǎn)，并發(fā)出呼吁或號(hào)召。第二步遣詞造句核心詞匯(含本單元詞匯)1．詳細(xì)的信息detailedinformation2．生動(dòng)優(yōu)美vividandbeautiful3．熱衷于bekeenon4．更喜歡prefer/haveapreferencefor5．一些人……其他人……Some...others...6．就個(gè)人而言personally/asfarasIamconcerned...7．堅(jiān)信firmlybelievethat...8．以……為原型bebasedon...9．改編自……adapt...from連詞成句1．Filmswhicharebasedonbooksorbooksintheoriginal，whichdoyouprefer?你更喜歡看原著還是看由其改編的電影？2．Astothisquestion，differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.對(duì)于這個(gè)問(wèn)題，不同的人有不同的觀點(diǎn)。3．Someofusarguethatweshouldseethefilmratherthanreadthebookintheoriginal.我們中的一些人認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該看電影而不是看原著。4．Becauseittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.因?yàn)槟菢幽芑ǜ俚臅r(shí)間了解整個(gè)故事。5．However，othershavejusttheoppositeopinion.但是，其他人持相反的觀點(diǎn)。6．Theythinkthattheycangetmoredetailedinformationfromtheoriginalbook.他們認(rèn)為看原著能獲得更多細(xì)節(jié)。7．Personally，Ihaveapreferenceforreadingtheoriginals.就我個(gè)人而言，我更喜歡讀原著。8．Ithinkreadingoriginalsenablesmetobetterunderstandthewriter’sideaandnottobeinfluencedbytheadaptations.我認(rèn)為讀原著能更好地理解作者的思想，并且不受改編的影響。第三步句式升級(jí)1．將句1中的定語(yǔ)從句改成過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。Filmsbasedonbooksorbooksintheoriginal，whichdoyouprefer?2．將句2改為whenitcomesto...結(jié)構(gòu)。Whenitcomestothisquestion，differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.3．用Thereasonisthat...句型改寫(xiě)句4。Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.4．用同位語(yǔ)從句把句5和句6合并成一個(gè)句子。However，othershavejusttheoppositeopinionthattheycangetmoredetailedinformationfromtheoriginalbook.5．用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)把句7和句8合并成一個(gè)句子。Personally，Ihaveapreferenceforreadingtheoriginals，believingthatitcanenablemetobetterunderstandthewriter’sideaandnottobeinfluencedbytheadaptations.第四步組句成篇用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)，把以上詞匯和句式，再加上聯(lián)想內(nèi)容，組成一篇英語(yǔ)短文。范文展示Filmorbook，whichdoyouprefer?Filmsbasedonbooksorbooksintheoriginal，whichdoyouprefer?Whenitcomestothisquestion，differentpeoplehavedifferentopinions.Someofusarguethatitisbettertoseethefilmthantoreadthebookintheoriginal.Thereasonisthatittakeslesstimetounderstandthewholestory.Besides，thefilmisusuallymoreinteresting，anditiseasiertofollow.However，othershavejusttheoppositeopinionthattheycangetmoredetailedinformationfromtheoriginalbook.Meanwhile，thelanguageinthebookispossiblymorevividandbeautiful.Personally，Ihaveapreferenceforreadingtheoriginals，believingthatitcanenablemetobetterunderstandthewriter’sideaand