銜接點(diǎn)02新課2Unit1Backtoschool（語(yǔ)法寫(xiě)作預(yù)習(xí)）（譯林版2020）

新課2Unit1Backtoschool（語(yǔ)法寫(xiě)作預(yù)習(xí)）1.語(yǔ)法：句子成分和基本句型2.Writing：倡議書(shū)語(yǔ)法精講：句子成分和基本句型句子成分概述：句子是表達(dá)思想的基本單位。句子成分是指在句中起著不同語(yǔ)法作用的部分。英語(yǔ)的句子成分(sentenceelements)主要有主語(yǔ)(S)、謂語(yǔ)(V)、賓語(yǔ)(O)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)(C)、狀語(yǔ)(A)、表語(yǔ)(P)、定語(yǔ)(Attr.)等。[觀察例句]黑體部分在句中作什么成分？1．Theearlybirdcatchestheworm.賓語(yǔ)2．TheyareChinesetravellingabroad.表語(yǔ)3．Inthemorningweoftenhearthebirdssingingmerrily.賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)語(yǔ)4．Sheboughtherchildastorybook.間接賓語(yǔ)；直接賓語(yǔ)5．Thereisapictureonthewall.主語(yǔ)6．Themanageraskedthecollegestudenttoein.謂語(yǔ)7．Girlsprefertoseewomendoctors.定語(yǔ)8．Lighttravelsmostquickly.狀語(yǔ)句子成分意義位置例句主語(yǔ)subject：S主語(yǔ)是一個(gè)句子所敘述的主體，主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)講述的對(duì)象.一般位于句首1.Theroomisveryclean.（名詞）2.WeoftenspeakEnglish.（代詞）3.Eightismyluckynumber.（數(shù)詞）4ToteachthemEnglishismyjob.（動(dòng)詞不定式）5Swimmingisgoodforourhealth.(動(dòng)名詞）6.Whatweneedisfood.（句子）7.Thepoorareeverywhere.(the+形容詞)謂語(yǔ)Verb：V謂語(yǔ)說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)；謂語(yǔ)必須是動(dòng)詞，體現(xiàn)時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一般放在主語(yǔ)之后謂語(yǔ)分簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)和復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：1、簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)：由一個(gè)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成。Hepracticesrunningeverymorning.

2、復(fù)合謂語(yǔ)：a.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+v:HecanspeakEnglish.b.助動(dòng)詞：Hedoesn'tlikespeakingChinese.c.系動(dòng)詞：Iamseeingthefilm.表語(yǔ)predicative：P說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀況，性質(zhì)，特征等系動(dòng)詞之后1.Iamateacher.（名詞）2.Iamten.（數(shù)詞）3.Hebecamerichandsuccessful.（形容詞）4.Everyoneishere.（副詞）5.Theyareathomenow.(介詞短語(yǔ)）6.MyjobistoteachthemEnglish.（不定式）賓語(yǔ)object:O表示動(dòng)作所涉及的對(duì)象，內(nèi)容或承受者動(dòng)賓介賓1Heissittingonthepiano.（名詞）2Heoftenhelpsme.（代詞）3HelikestowatchTV.(動(dòng)詞不定式）4.HelikeswatchingTV.（動(dòng)詞ing)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)objectplement:C說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的狀況，性質(zhì)，特征等賓語(yǔ)后1WecalledhimDongMing.（名詞）

2Wesawhimplayingsoccer.（現(xiàn)在分詞）3Wesawhimplaysoccer.(省to不定式)

4Wefoundmathdifficult.（形容詞）狀語(yǔ)adverbial:A修飾動(dòng)詞,形容詞,副詞或全句的句子成分自由Tomrunsquickly.(副詞）2.Igetupatsixeveryday.（名詞）

3.Intheclassroom,theboyneedsapen.(介詞短語(yǔ)）

4.Havingtofinishit,theboyneedsapen.（分詞）5.Theboyneedsapentodohishomework(不定式)定語(yǔ)attributive定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限制名詞或代詞的名詞/代詞前后1.Theseareappletrees.(名詞)2.Themenherearebusyworkingonthefarm.(副詞)3.Thereisnothingtodotoday.(不定式)4.Thesmilingboyneedsapenboughtbyhismother.(現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ))同位語(yǔ)appositive若兩個(gè)語(yǔ)法單位指同一個(gè)人或事物,并且句法功能也一樣,那么后一項(xiàng)代詞稱為前一項(xiàng)的同位語(yǔ)名詞/代詞后1.Westudentsshouldstudyhard.2.ProfessorWang,afamousscientist,willgiveusatalk.分析下列句子成分1.eq\f(I,①)eq\f(apologized,②)toeq\f(her,③)eq\f(forsteppingonherfoot.,④)①主語(yǔ)②謂語(yǔ)③賓語(yǔ)④狀語(yǔ)2.eq\f(Themeeting,①)eq\f(heldyesterday,②)eq\f(was,③)eq\f(important.,④)①主語(yǔ)②定語(yǔ)③系動(dòng)詞④表語(yǔ)3.eq\f(Don'tforget,①)eq\f(towakemeup,②)eq\f(atsixtomorrowmorning.,③)①謂語(yǔ)②賓語(yǔ)③狀語(yǔ)4.eq\f(We,①)eq\f(saw,②)eq\f(them,③)eq\f(playingfootball,④)eq\f(ontheplayground.,⑤)①主語(yǔ)②謂語(yǔ)③賓語(yǔ)④賓補(bǔ)⑤狀語(yǔ)5.eq\f(Everyday,①)eq\f(he,②)eq\f(wasforced,③)eq\f(toworkfrommorningtillnight.,④)①狀語(yǔ)②主語(yǔ)③謂語(yǔ)④主補(bǔ)基本句型概述：按照結(jié)構(gòu)，英語(yǔ)的句子可分為簡(jiǎn)單句、并列句和復(fù)合句。只有一個(gè)主語(yǔ)(或并列主語(yǔ))和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)(或并列謂語(yǔ))的句子叫作簡(jiǎn)單句。簡(jiǎn)單句有八種基本句型。[觀察例句]下列句子屬于什么句型？1．Everyonebreathes，drinksandeats.主謂2．TomcanspeakChinese.主謂賓3．Mybrothersareallcollegestudents.主系表4．Mysistertoldmeastory.主謂賓賓5．Wefindthebookinteresting.主謂賓補(bǔ)6．MyparentsliveinBeijing.主謂狀7．Ilookedattheminpanic.主謂賓狀8．Therearemanytreesaroundourschool.存現(xiàn)句1)A.主+謂（SV）這種句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞，沒(méi)有直接賓語(yǔ)；但常帶有狀語(yǔ)。例如：Thewaterisboiling.水開(kāi)了。Theyhavebeenwaiting.他們一直在那兒等。Thetrainwillleave.火車就要開(kāi)了。2)B.主+謂+賓（SVO）這一句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞，那么它必須帶有自己的賓語(yǔ)。在英文中，當(dāng)一個(gè)動(dòng)詞（包括單個(gè)動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)）作及物動(dòng)詞用時(shí)，它必須要有自己的賓語(yǔ)（除非是賓語(yǔ)在上下文里很明確地提到過(guò)，為避免不必要的重復(fù)，才會(huì)省去。），否則會(huì)視為"句子不完整"。Tomhasabrother.湯姆有一個(gè)弟弟。Theywantedtohavearest.他們想歇息一會(huì)兒。Hesuccessfullycarriedouthisplan.他成功地實(shí)行了他的計(jì)劃。3)C.主+系+表(SP)英文中的系動(dòng)詞主要是指Be動(dòng)詞的各種變化形式，也包括那些有時(shí)起系動(dòng)詞作用的實(shí)義動(dòng)詞。這類動(dòng)詞常見(jiàn)的有：常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞：1.表狀態(tài)：be,keep,remain,stay(保持)2.表感官:look,feel,sound,smell,taste（~起來(lái)）3.表變化:bee,go,grow,turn,fall,get（變成）4.表似乎:seem,appear（相似、顯得）5.表結(jié)果;prove(證明是),turnout(結(jié)果是)例如：Thismachineisingoodcondition.這臺(tái)機(jī)器的情況良好。Thegardensmellspleasant.這座花園香氣怡人。Silkfeelssoftandsmooth.絲綢摸起來(lái)又軟又滑。4)D.主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)（SVIODO）此句型中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞后接兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)："間接賓語(yǔ)"多由代詞或名詞充當(dāng)；"直接賓語(yǔ)"，往往由名詞充當(dāng)。這類句型常有"給某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留給某人某物"等意思。常見(jiàn)的這類謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞有：buy,bring,get,give,pass,read,tell,take,teach,write,award(授予某人……),hand(遞給某人……),lend,leave,pay,rent,remend(將某人推薦給……),send,show等。例如：（注：上面各詞的中文釋義是刻意按照該詞的常用動(dòng)詞句型而給的，以便于大家更好地理解該詞出現(xiàn)于哪個(gè)基本句型中。）Hebroughtmeacoat.他給我?guī)?lái)一件大衣。Passmethedictionary,please.請(qǐng)將詞典遞給我。Ilendhimmybicycle.我把自行車借給他了。5)E.主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)（SVOC）此句型概括了這樣一種情況：有些及物動(dòng)詞的后面有時(shí)常帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)（即：賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）。在這一結(jié)構(gòu)中，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)是對(duì)賓語(yǔ)"做什么"、"怎么樣"等方面進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)可由名詞、形容詞、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞或介詞短語(yǔ)擔(dān)當(dāng)。常帶復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)的及物動(dòng)詞有：ask,allow,appoint(任命),believe,call,cause,catch,consider,elect(選舉),expect,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,smell,start,watch,tell,think,want,wish等等。例如：Weelectedhimourmonitor.我們選他當(dāng)班長(zhǎng)。Thenewsmademehappy.那消息使我很高興。Weknowhimtobeanexpert.我們知道他是專家。Heheardsomebodyopeningthedoor.他聽(tīng)見(jiàn)有人在開(kāi)門。Ifoundmyselfindark.我發(fā)現(xiàn)自己還蒙在鼓里。6)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)（SVA）英語(yǔ)中的主語(yǔ)：一般位于句首是句子陳述的對(duì)象謂語(yǔ)：動(dòng)詞做謂語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)：一般副詞做狀語(yǔ),表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,方式.等的也是狀語(yǔ)主謂狀1.Herunsfast其中he是主語(yǔ)run是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞fast副詞做狀語(yǔ)2.Hegetsupearlyinthemorning.He是主語(yǔ)getup動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)作謂語(yǔ)earlyinthemorning作狀語(yǔ)。Theboyspokeloudlytohisteacher.Hespokeinalowvoice.Hetalkedtoomuch.Shewenthomeverylateyesterdayevening.Themeetingwilllasttwohours.7)主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+狀語(yǔ)（SVOA）Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Unfortunately,Iforgottomailtheletteryesterday.（時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)）Ihadmyfirstmathsclassinseniorhighschool.（地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)）8)therebe句型Therebe句型是英語(yǔ)中常用句型，意思是"有"，表示"人或事物的存在"或"某地有某物"。There在此結(jié)構(gòu)中是引導(dǎo)詞，已經(jīng)沒(méi)有副詞"那里"的含義Therebe句型中的be應(yīng)和其后出現(xiàn)的主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上一致，即“近主原則”，如：Thereisalamponthetable.Therearesomeapplesinthebowl.Therearefivebooks,twopensandarulerintheschoolbag.Thereisaruler,twopensandfivebooksintheschoolbag.一．Matchthesentencesbelowwiththecorrectstructures.Writethelettersinthebrackets.aSVcSVOeSVOCgSVOAbSVPdSVOOfSVA1.Weathermattersagreatdeal.()2.Schoolmealsarefreshandhealthy.()3.Ourschooloffersstudentsabalanceddiet.()4.Abalanceddietkeepsthebodyhealthy.()5.Studentshavefreshfruitandvegetables.()6.AmylikeswatchingEnglishfilmsverymuch.()7.Englishlearningisinteresting,meaningfulandpractical.()8.FocusingonusingEnglishmakesEnglishlearningmoreeffective.()9.Thespeechbegan.()10.SheacquiresagoodknowledgeofEnglish.()f/b/d/e/c/g/b/e/a/c二．句子成分和結(jié)構(gòu)1.Wearedancing2.Tomcanswimverywell.3.Youmustgettheyourworkfinishedbytomorrow.4.Hegavehisdaughtersomeadviceonreading.5.BothTomandJackenjoyreading.1.主謂（SV）2.主謂狀（SVA）3.主謂賓補(bǔ)（SVOC）4.主謂賓賓（SVOO）5.主謂賓（SVO）三、根據(jù)要求翻譯句子1.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書(shū)。（主謂賓）__________________________________________________________________________2.冬季白天短，夜里長(zhǎng)。（主系表）_____________________________________________________3.這個(gè)學(xué)期我已經(jīng)給父母寫(xiě)過(guò)三封信了。（雙賓結(jié)構(gòu)）________________________________________________________4.明天我要找人來(lái)修理機(jī)器。（主謂賓補(bǔ)）___________________________________________________________1.Youmustfinishingreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.2.Inwinter,thedaysareshortandthenightsarelong.3.ThistermIhavewrittenthreeletterstomyparents.4.TomorrowIwillhavesomeonerepairthemachine.四．用所給句型翻譯下列句子1．我每天起得很早。(SVA)Igetupveryearlyeveryday.2．今天下午我想和你談?wù)劇?SVOA)Iwanttotalkwithyouthisafternoon.3．奶奶給我講了一個(gè)有趣的故事。(SVIODO)Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstory.4．我要你把真相告訴我。(SVOC)Iwantyoutotellmethetruth.5．這個(gè)報(bào)告聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有意思。(SVP)Thereportsoundsinteresting.6．湯姆已經(jīng)離開(kāi)了。(SV)Tomhasleft.7．我們完成了作業(yè)。(SVO)Wehavefinishedourhomework.8．在拐角處有一家餐館。(存現(xiàn)句)Thereisarestaurantaroundthecorner．寫(xiě)作精講倡議書(shū)倡議書(shū)屬于應(yīng)用文的一種，由標(biāo)題、稱呼、正文、結(jié)尾、落款五部分組成。一般用將來(lái)時(shí)或一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。題目常會(huì)給出標(biāo)題、稱呼、結(jié)尾、落款這四部分，考生只需完成正文即可。這類寫(xiě)作的正文包括倡議的目的、內(nèi)容以及呼吁。[基本框架]1．開(kāi)頭——點(diǎn)明發(fā)出倡議的目的；2．主體——詳細(xì)說(shuō)明倡議的內(nèi)容；3．結(jié)尾——對(duì)特定對(duì)象發(fā)出呼吁。注意事項(xiàng)：該體裁觀點(diǎn)鮮明，情感真摯。觀點(diǎn)鮮明，顯示著說(shuō)話者對(duì)一種理性認(rèn)識(shí)的肯定，也顯示著說(shuō)話者對(duì)客觀事物見(jiàn)解的透徹程度，能給人以可信性和可靠感，情感真摯才能打動(dòng)人，引起共鳴。[常用詞塊]1．Nowadays，...Ashighschoolstudents，whatshouldwedo?現(xiàn)在，……作為高中生，我們應(yīng)該做些什么呢？2．Inorderto...Ithinkweshouldtryourbesttodowhateverwecan.為了……我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該盡最大努力。3．NowIwouldliketocalloneveryonetopayattentionto...現(xiàn)在我想要呼吁大家關(guān)注……4．Inmyopinion，weshould...Onlyinthiswaycanwe....在我看來(lái)，我們應(yīng)該……只有用這樣的方法我們才能……5．Itwouldbebetterif...如果……，那就更好了。6．Itishightimethatwe...是我們……的時(shí)候了。7．Aslongasweworktogether，wecan...只要我們團(tuán)結(jié)，就能……。8．Ifyouarewillingto...，please...如果你愿意……，請(qǐng)……[常用語(yǔ)句]※精彩開(kāi)頭1．WhatI'mtalkingabouttodayismydream.我今天要談?wù)摰氖俏业膲?mèng)想。2．It'snicetospeakaboutwhatwecandoforourschool，andIthinkeachofuscandosomething.很高興談?wù)勎覀兡軌驗(yàn)閷W(xué)校做些什么，我認(rèn)為我們每個(gè)人都可做到。3．It'smyhonourtostandhereandsaysomethingaboutfriendship.很榮幸站在這里談?wù)撽P(guān)于友誼的話題。4．Nowadays，peopleinbigcitiesareplainingabouttheheavytraffic.現(xiàn)在，生活在大城市里的人們?cè)诒г箛?yán)重的交通阻塞。5．Goodlisteningcanalwaysshowrespect，promoteunderstanding，andimproveinterpersonalrelationship.善于傾聽(tīng)能夠顯示出對(duì)于別人的尊重，促進(jìn)相互理解，改善人際關(guān)系?！募丫?.Asweallknow，failureisthemotherofsuccess，butfewpeoplecanreallyunderstandwhatthesayingmeans.我們都知道失敗是成功之母，但是很少有人真正理解這句格言的真諦。2.NowifyouaskmewhatIwanttobewhenIgrowup，IwillsaywithouthesitationthatIwanttobeateacher，particularlyanEnglishteacher!如今你若問(wèn)我長(zhǎng)大想干什么，我會(huì)毫不猶豫地回答：我想當(dāng)個(gè)老師，尤其是當(dāng)一名英語(yǔ)老師！3．TodayIalsohaveadream—tomakeourcountrystrongerandmoreprosperous.今天我也有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想——讓我們的國(guó)家變得更加強(qiáng)大，更加繁榮。4.Fromthispointofview，wecanseemoreandmorepeopletendtoofferhelptothoseintrouble.從這個(gè)角度來(lái)看，我們可以看到越來(lái)越多的人傾向于幫助那些處于麻煩中的人。5.Noonecandenythefactthatexercisingregularlyandkeepingabalanceddietbenefitourhealthgreatly.沒(méi)有人能夠否認(rèn)這一事實(shí)：經(jīng)常鍛煉和保持均衡的飲食對(duì)健康非常有益處。6.Thethingweshoulddoistoprotectthefacilitiesinourschool.我們應(yīng)該做的是保護(hù)好我們學(xué)校的設(shè)施。※余味結(jié)尾1．Ifeveryonedoesonethingforourschool，Ibelievewewillturnourschoolintoabetterplacetostudyandlivein.如果每個(gè)人都為學(xué)校做些事情，我相信我們學(xué)校會(huì)變成一個(gè)更有利于大家學(xué)習(xí)和生活的地方。2．Inmyopinion，weshouldtrytodevelophealthyeatinghabitstobuildupastrongbody.Onlyinthiswaycanwehaveenoughenergytostudybetter.在我看來(lái)，我們應(yīng)該盡力養(yǎng)成健康的飲食習(xí)慣來(lái)強(qiáng)身健體。只有這樣我們才能夠擁有足夠的精力以便于更好的學(xué)習(xí)。3．Aslongasweworktogether，wecanmaketheimpossiblepossible.只要我們眾志成城，一切皆有可能。4．Ifyoucherishit，youwillhaveasuccessfullife!珍惜它，你就會(huì)擁有成功的生活。例題越來(lái)越多的汽車進(jìn)入了我們的家庭，改善了我們的生活，但同時(shí)也帶來(lái)了很多問(wèn)題，如堵車和車禍，給家庭和社會(huì)帶來(lái)了極大的危害。請(qǐng)你以學(xué)生會(huì)的名義，就交通安全問(wèn)題用英語(yǔ)給全體學(xué)生寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)。內(nèi)容包括：1．遵守交通規(guī)則，如走人行道/過(guò)斑馬線；2．別在街道或馬路上玩耍；3．勸父母不要酒后駕車。注意：1．詞數(shù)80左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：斑馬線zebra-crossing【學(xué)生習(xí)作】Dearschoolmates，Moreandmorecarsareingintoourfamiliesandwearehappythattheyhavegreatlyimprovedourlife.Butunluckily，theyhavealsobroughtmanyproblems，suchasheavytrafficandtrafficaccidents.Trafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.Wemustobeytherules.Forexample，wemustwalkonthesidewalks，whenwecrosszebra-crossing，stop，lookrightandleft，andthengoacrossfast.Don'tplayontheroad.Wecantellourparentsnottodrinkbeforetheydrive，nottorunthroughredlights，nottotalkandlaughwhiletheyaredriving.Carsareingintoourlife，butwecanbesafetodriveonroadsandwalkonsidewalksonlywheneverybodythinkstrafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.TheStudents'Union點(diǎn)評(píng)：1.文章主體結(jié)構(gòu)安排欠合理：第二段可以分成兩段。2.句式較為單調(diào)：有些句子可以適當(dāng)整合以提升句子質(zhì)量，增強(qiáng)表達(dá)效果。3.詞匯選擇以初級(jí)詞匯為主：應(yīng)多用一些高級(jí)詞匯。【升格作文】Dearschoolmates，Withmoreandmorecarsingintoourfamilies，wearehappythattheyhavegreatlyimprovedourlife.Butunluckily，theyhavealsobroughtmanyproblems，suchasheavytrafficandtrafficaccidents.Trafficsafetyiseverybody'sbusiness.Wemustobeytherules.Forexample，wemustwalkonthesidewalks，whenwecrosszebra-crossing，stop，lookrightandleft，andthengoacrossfast.Don'tplayontheroad.Wecantellourparentsnottodrinkbeforetheydrive，nottorunthroughredlights，nottotalkandlaughwhiledriving.Let'stakeimmediateaction!TheStudents'Union一假定你是某國(guó)際學(xué)校的學(xué)生李華，你校正在開(kāi)展“創(chuàng)建美麗校園”的活動(dòng)。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)給全校學(xué)生寫(xiě)一封倡議書(shū)。要點(diǎn)包括：1．創(chuàng)建美麗校園的重要性；2．校園內(nèi)存在的不文明現(xiàn)象；3．你的態(tài)度。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右(開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dearfellowstudents，I'mwritingtocalloneveryonetotakeanactivepartinbuildingabeautifulcampus.Yours，LiHua【參考范文】Dearfellowstudents，I'mwritingtocalloneveryonetotakeanactivepartinbuildingabeautifulcampus.Asweknow，wespendmostofourtimeoncampus.Anattractivecampuscanmakeourlearningpleasantandasaresultimproveourgrades.However，somestudentscanbeseenrunningonthelawn，pickingflowers.Someevenspitinpublicorthrowrubbisheverywhere.It'stimewedidsomethingtochangethesituation.Ithinkeveryoneisresponsibleforthebeautyofourcampusandifeachofusavoidsdoinganythingimproper，ourcampuswillnodoubtbeemorebeautiful.Everyeffortmatters.Let'stakeactionnow!Yours，LiHua二你校將以六月八日世界海洋日為主題,舉辦英語(yǔ)征文比賽。請(qǐng)你寫(xiě)一篇短文投稿,內(nèi)容包括:1.海洋的重要性;2.保護(hù)海洋的倡議。注意:1.詞數(shù)100左右;2.短文的題目和首句已為你寫(xiě)好。OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay. 答案Onepossibleversion:OurOceans,OurResponsibilityJune8thwasofficiallynamedbytheUNin2009asWorldOceansDay.Itaimstoraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingoceans.

Whyshouldweprotecttheocean?Thereasonisthatitprovidesvariousbenefits.Tobeginwith,theseaisasignificantsourceoffood.Withtheworldpopulationgrowing,wearerelyingontheoceanmoreandmoreforsurvival.Inaddition,notonlydoestheoceanproducemuchoxygen,butitalsoabsorbsmuchcarbondioxide,whichremarkablycontributestoregulatingtheEarth'sclimate.Also,vastamountsofmedicinalproductsefromtheocean,includingingredientsthathelpfightcancerandheartdisease.However,theseaisbeingdamaged.Hugeasitis,itismoresensitivethanwethink.Thus,itishightimethatwetookeffectivemeasurestoprotectit.Otherwise,futuregenerationswillnotforgiveus.一Iexpectedmyfirstdayofseniorhighschooltobeanxious.Ifirstwenttothegymfortheschoolmeetingthatwascrowdedwithstudentsandteachers.IfeltanxiousbecauseIdidn'tknowanybody.Isatdownandmetanewfriend,Nick.Weexchangedgreetingsandwatchedthecheerleaders(啦啦隊(duì)隊(duì)員)perform.IstartedtolikehighschoolbecauseIhadneverseensuchawonderfulperformancebefore.NickandIwalkedoutofthegymtoourfirstclassofhighschool.MyfirstclasswasMr.Malouf'shistoryclass.IwalkedwithNickthroughthehallways(走廊),lookedforateacherandasked,“WhereisMr.Malouf'sclass?”Theteacher,whowelaterknewwasMr.Charles,showedusthedirection.WhenwemetMr.Malouf,hewasofmediumheightwithbrownhair.Wecouldtellfromhisintroductionthatheknewhoweveryoneintheclassfelt—anxious.WefeltlessawkwardafterMr.Maloufsaid,“OK,Iknowthatthisisyourfirstdayofhighschool,andIwantthistobeagoodfirstclassofyourhighschoolbecausethisisalsomyfirstclass!”MynextclasswasMr.Kelly'sbiologyclass.Whenwesatdown,heintroducedhimselfandhopedthathewouldbethemostexcellentteacherthatwewouldhaveatschool.HecalledmeMayfieldandIfeltthatheneededtopractisemynamemore.Hewasthefirstteachertoputustoworkonmyveryfirstschoolday.Thisupsetmegreatlybecauseusuallytherewasnotmuchhomeworkonthefirstday.Afterschool,Iwastakenhomebymymom.WhenIgothome,IthankedGodforsuchawonderfulday.Ihadimaginedmyfirstdaywouldbeliketheoneinthemovie.Thefirstdayofhighschoolinthemovieisthatateenagerisleftaloneandheorshesitsbyhimselforherselfatlunch.1.Whatmadetheauthorstarttolikehighschool?A.Thecheerleaders'performance. B.Teachers'help.C.Thefirsthistoryclass. D.Mr.Kelly'sclass.2.Whoshowedtheauthorthewaytothehistoryclassroom?A.Nick. B.Mr.Malouf.C.Mr.Charles. D.Mayfield.3.Whydidtheauthorfeelupsetinthebiologyclass?A.Hedidn'tknowanybody. B.Mr.Kellycalledhimbythewrongname.C.Theteachertaughthimalesson. D.Therewasmuchbiologyhomework.4.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.ASchoolMeeting B.TheFirstDayofHighSchoolC.ABoringBiologyClass D.HappyHighSchoolLife◎語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者原本以為高中第一天會(huì)是緊張的一天,但在認(rèn)識(shí)了同學(xué)和老師之后,他度過(guò)了非常愉快的一天。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“IstartedtolikehighschoolbecauseIhadneverseensuchawonderfulperformancebefore.”可知,啦啦隊(duì)的精彩表演讓作者開(kāi)始喜歡高中。故A項(xiàng)正確。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知,作者的第一節(jié)課是Mr.Malouf的歷史課,又根據(jù)第二段第四句可知,是Mr.Charles告訴了作者怎樣去歷史課教室。故C項(xiàng)正確。3.D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句可知,Mr.Kelly是第一個(gè)讓學(xué)生們?cè)陂_(kāi)學(xué)第一天就做作業(yè)的老師,而通常在第一天是沒(méi)有很多作業(yè)的。故可推斷,作者不高興是因?yàn)橛泻芏嗌镒鳂I(yè)要做。故D項(xiàng)正確。4.B主旨大意題。文章多次提及firstday,而且主要介紹作者在高中第一天的經(jīng)歷和感受,故選B項(xiàng)“高中第一天”。易錯(cuò)歸因本題易誤選D項(xiàng),D項(xiàng)雖提及highschool,且happy一詞也符合作者在文中的心情,但“快樂(lè)的高中生活”過(guò)于寬泛,犯了過(guò)度引申的錯(cuò)誤。【高頻詞匯】1.gymn.體育館;健身房2.becrowdedwith...擠滿……3.performv.表演4.performancen.表演5.upsetv.使煩惱長(zhǎng)難句原句Whenwesatdown,heintroducedhimselfandhopedthathewouldbethemostexcellentteacherthatwewouldhaveatschool.分析該句為主從復(fù)合句。其中when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,and連接introduced和hoped兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作hoped的賓語(yǔ),第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞teacher,that在從句中作have的賓語(yǔ)。譯文我們坐下后,他做了自我介紹,并希望他會(huì)成為我們?cè)趯W(xué)校遇到的最優(yōu)秀的老師。二WhenIwasaseniorhighschoolstudent,mathematicslookedlikeabigbarrier(障礙)formeandseveralofmyclassmates.MrIyer,astrictmathsteacher,wasalsoourclassteacher.Healwaysstucktohisdiscipline.Wehadtoarriveontime,andpayundividedattentiontohislectures,anddarednotforgetanyofhishomework.Evenso,asourclassteacher,wegottoknowhimbetter.Noticingsomeofuscouldn'tsitstillandseemedanxiousonedayasthemid?termexamswereing,hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy.“There'stoomuchtodo,”wesighed.“We'refrightenedthatwe'llnevermanagetofinishrevisingbeforetheexam.”“Nothingisimpossible,”MrIyertoldus.“Thisclassroomisonthesecondfloor.Doyouhaveproblemsreachinghere?”Werepliedwithblankstares(面無(wú)表情的凝視).“No,youdon't!”hesaid,answeringhisownquestion.“Youhaveastaircasetohelpyouclimbuptothislevel.Nooneexpectsyoutomakeitintwogiantleaps(大跨步).Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anyproblemcanbesolvedifyouconcentrateontheimmediateactiontobetaken.Therestwilltakecareofitselfifyoukeepatit.Onestepatatime.That'sthesecret.”Thenhewrotedownanoldmottothatleftadeepimpressiononmeontheblackboard—thelongestjourneystartswithasinglestep.Havingheardhisstaircaseanalogy(比擬),weunderstoodwhyheaskedusthequestionandwesawhiminanewlight.Atlast,mostofmyclassmatesscoredhighlyinmaths.AndIwentontobeeanEnglishteacher.Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer'sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.5.Whatisthemainideaofthefirstparagraph?A.ThewayMrIyertaughthisstudentsmaths.B.Thereasonwhymathswashardfortheauthor.C.Thestudents'pointsofviewonMrIyer'scharacter.D.Thebriefintroductionoftheauthor'smathsteacher,MrIyer.6.WhydidMrIyerstopsolvingamathematicalprobleminclass?A.MrIyerwasalittletiredandwantedtohavearest.B.Somestudentsmadetroubleandaffectedtheclass.C.Themathematicalproblemwasratherpuzzling.D.Somestudentsseemedimpatientandupset.7.Whatisthesecretofreachingone'sgoalaccordingtoMrIyer?A.Thereisonlyonestepbetweensuccessandfailure.B.Takeactionquicklyandmakeprogresslittlebylittle.C.Itisimportanttomakeuseofagoodopportunity.D.Don'thesitatetoaskforhelpwhenmeetingwithbarriers.8.HowdoestheauthorlikeMrIyer'sadvice?A.Strangeandimpractical. B.Incorrectandmisleading.C.Meaningfulandvaluable. D.Simpleanduninteresting.◎語(yǔ)篇解讀這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者高中時(shí)候的班主任Iyer老師通過(guò)爬樓梯的比喻給學(xué)生們提供了寶貴的建議,對(duì)作者以后的學(xué)習(xí)和工作都產(chǎn)生了深遠(yuǎn)的影響。5.D主旨大意題。第一段第一句“當(dāng)我還是一名高中生時(shí),對(duì)我和我的一些同學(xué)來(lái)說(shuō)數(shù)學(xué)似乎是一個(gè)很大的障礙?！币隽讼挛膶?duì)數(shù)學(xué)老師的介紹:Iyer老師是一位嚴(yán)格的數(shù)學(xué)老師,也是我們的班主任。他總是堅(jiān)持他的紀(jì)律。我們必須準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá),專心聽(tīng)課,不敢忘記他的任何作業(yè)。由此可知,第一段簡(jiǎn)略介紹了作者的數(shù)學(xué)老師Iyer,故選D。6.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Noticingsomeofuscouldn'tsitstillandseemedanxious”和“hestoppedsolvingamathematicalproblemtoaskuswhy”可知,Iyer老師看到學(xué)生坐立不安,所以停止了教學(xué),學(xué)生坐立不安與D項(xiàng)中的“impatientandupset”的意思一致,故選D。7.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Iyer老師的話“Yousimplytakeonestepatatime.Anyproblemcanbesolvedifyouconcentrateontheimmediateactiontobetaken...That'sthesecret.(你只需一步一個(gè)腳印。如果你專注于立即采取的行動(dòng),任何問(wèn)題都可以解決……那就是秘訣。)”可知,Iyer老師認(rèn)為達(dá)到目標(biāo)的秘訣是立即行動(dòng)并逐步取得進(jìn)步,故選B。8.C推理判斷題。由最后一段最后一句“Tothisday,wheneverIpassonMrIyer'sinvaluableadvicetomyownstudents,theybrightenupattheprospectofalighteracademicburden.(時(shí)至今日,每當(dāng)我向自己的學(xué)生傳授Iyer老師的寶貴的建議時(shí),他們都會(huì)因減輕學(xué)業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)的可能性而高興起來(lái)。)”可知,作者認(rèn)為Iyer老師的建議是有意義的、寶貴的,故選C?！靖哳l詞匯】1.stickto堅(jiān)持2.disciplinen.紀(jì)律3.ontime按時(shí)4.managev.設(shè)法做到;管理5.expectv.期望6.immediateadj.立即的7.takecareof處理,負(fù)責(zé);照顧8.brightenup(使)快活起來(lái);(天氣)放晴9.prospectn.可能性,希望;前景;前途10.burdenn.負(fù)擔(dān);重負(fù)v.使擔(dān)負(fù)【熟詞生義】lightn.眼光【差距