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2025高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單

一、單詞詳解

1.bargain['ba:g0n]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:協(xié)議,交易,便宜貨

(3)例句:

Theyfinallyreachedabargainafterhoursofnegotiation.(經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)

小時(shí)的談判,他們終于達(dá)成了協(xié)議。)

Igotarealbargainonthisdress-itwas50%off!(這件衣月艮我真

是撿到便宜了,打了五折!)

(4)同義詞:deal,agreement,pact

(5)反義詞:rip-off(敲竹杠)

(6)搭配:

strikeabargain(達(dá)成協(xié)議)

driveahardbargain(拼命壓價(jià))

agoodbargain(便宜貨)

(7)拓展詞組:

bargainingchip(談判籌碼):Heusedtheinformationasabargaining

chipinthenegotiations.

bargainfor/onsomething(預(yù)料至!J,指望):Wehadn,tbargainedonsuch

alongwait.

bargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部):Ifoundagreatwintercoatinthe

bargainbasement.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bargain指的是雙方都同意的協(xié)議,而并非單方面的低價(jià)。

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:

bargain,deal:都可以表示“交易",但bargain更強(qiáng)調(diào)物超所值,而

deal則更為中性。

bargain,sale:bargain指的是一件商品的價(jià)格很便宜,而sale指的是

商店的降價(jià)促銷活動(dòng)。

(10)幫助串記的例句:

Thecustomerhaggledwiththevendortogetabetterbargain.(顧

客與攤販討價(jià)還價(jià),想買到更便宜的東西。)

Hemadeabargainwiththedeviltogainwealthandpower.(他與魔

鬼做交易,以獲得財(cái)富和權(quán)力。)

2.base[bels]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)

(2)中文釋義:

(名詞)底部,基礎(chǔ),基地,根據(jù)

(動(dòng)詞)以為基礎(chǔ)

(3)例句:

Thestatuehasawidebase.(這座雕像的底座很寬。)

ThecompanyhasitsbaseinNewYork.(這家公司的總部設(shè)在紐約。)

Themovieisbasedonatruestory.(這部電影是根據(jù)真實(shí)故事改編的。)

(4)同義詞:foundation,bottom,basis,headquarters

(5)反義詞:top,summit

(6)搭配:

atthebaseof(在...的底部)

militarybase(軍事基地)

database(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))

baseon(以...為基礎(chǔ))

(7)拓展詞組:

basecamp(大本營(yíng)):Theclimberssetuptheirbasecampatthefoot

ofthemountain.

offbase(不正確的):Yourassumptionsaboutthesituationarewayoff

base.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:

base作名詞時(shí),發(fā)音為/beis/,重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)。

base作動(dòng)詞時(shí),發(fā)音為/belz/,重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)。

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:base,basis:base指的是具體

的底部或基礎(chǔ),而basis則指抽象的基礎(chǔ)或根據(jù)。

(10)幫助串記的例句:

Astrongfoundationisessentialforanysuccessfulendeavor,much

likeasturdybaseiscrucialforatallbuilding.(堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)對(duì)于任何

成功的事業(yè)都是至關(guān)重要的,就像堅(jiān)固的底座對(duì)于高層建筑至關(guān)重要一樣。)

3.basementVbelsm0nt]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:地下室

(3)例句:

Westoreouroldfurnitureinthebasement.(我們把舊家具存放在地

下室。)

Theyfinishedtheirbasementandturneditintoafamilyroom.(他

們裝修了地下室,把它變成了家庭活動(dòng)室。)

(4)同義詞:cellar

(5)搭配:

inthebasement(在地下室)

basementapartment(地下室公寓)

basementfloor(地下室樓層)

(6)拓展詞組:

fromthebasementtothepenthouse(從底層至U頂層):Hismusicappealed

toeveryone,fromthebasementtothepenthouse.

basementband(在地下室排練的樂(lè)隊(duì)):Thebasementbandpracticed

everyweekend,hopingtoonedaymakeitbig.

(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basement通常指整個(gè)房屋的地下室,而cellar通常指

用于儲(chǔ)藏物品的地下室。

(8)幫助串記的例句:Thechildrenwereafraidtogointothedarkand

dustybasement.(孩子們不敢進(jìn)入黑暗、滿是灰塵的地下室。)

4.basicbelslk]

(1)詞性:形容詞(adjective)

(2)中文釋義:基本的,基礎(chǔ)的,簡(jiǎn)單的

(3)例句:

Heonlyhasabasicunderstandingofthesubject.(他對(duì)這個(gè)科目只

有一點(diǎn)基本的了解。)

Therecipeisverybasicandeasytofollow.(這個(gè)食譜非常簡(jiǎn)單易懂。)

(4)同義詞:fundamental,elementary,simple

(5)反義詞:advanced,complex,complicated

(6)搭配:

basicskills(基本技能)

basicinformation(基本信息)

basicneeds(基本需求)

(7)拓展詞組:

backtobasics(回歸基石出):Sometimes,thebestsolutionistogoback

tobasics.

basictraining(基石出訓(xùn)練):Allnewrecruitshavetogothroughsix

weeksofbasictraining.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basic形容詞,通常放在所修飾的名詞前面。

(9)幫助串記的例句:Weneedtoaddressthebasicneedsofthepoor

andthehungry.(我們需要解決窮人和饑餓者的基本需求。)

5.basinbelsn]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:盆,臉盆,盆地

(3)例句:

Ifilledthebasinwithwarmwaterandwashedmyface.(我在盆里裝

滿溫水,洗了把臉。)

TheAmazonbasinishometotheworld,slargestrainforest.(亞馬

遜盆地是世界上最大的熱帶雨林的所在地。)

(4)同義詞:bowl,sink(洗滌槽),valley

(5)搭配:

washbasin(洗臉盆)

catchmentbasin(集水盆地)

riverbasin(河流流域)

(6)拓展詞組:

oceanbasin(海洋盆地):ThePacificOceanbasinisthelargestand

deepestoftheEarth,soceanicbasins.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:

basin作“臉盆”講時(shí),通常指比較大的,可以用來(lái)洗臉、洗衣服的盆。

basin作“盆地”講時(shí),指的是四周地勢(shì)較高,中間低洼的地理形態(tài)。

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:basin,bowl:basin通常指比

bowl更大、更深的容器。

(10)幫助串記的例句:Thewaterinthebasinwascrystalclear,

reflectingtheblueskyabove.(盆里的水清澈見(jiàn)底,倒映著蔚藍(lán)的天空。)

6.basket['ba:skit]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:籃,簍

(3)例句:

Sheputhershoppinginthebasket.(她把購(gòu)物的東西放進(jìn)了籃子里。)

Thechildrenwereplayingwithaballandabasket.(孩子們?cè)谕媲?/p>

和籃子。)

(4)搭配:

picnicbasket(野餐籃)

laundrybasket(洗衣籃)

wastebasket(廢紙簍)

(5)拓展詞組:

abasketcase(精神崩潰的人;無(wú)法獨(dú)立的事物):Aftertheaccident,

hewasacompletebasketcase.

fullofholes(漏洞百出):Hisalibiwasfullofholes.

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basket通常指由藤條、柳條等編織而成的容器。

(7)幫助串記的例句:Shefilledthebasketwithfreshfruitfromthe

garden.(她從花園里摘來(lái)新鮮水果,裝滿了籃子。)

7.bath[ba:0,b^e9]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:浴,洗澡

(3)例句:

Itakeabatheveryeveningbeforebed.(我每天晚上睡覺(jué)前都洗個(gè)澡。)

Hegavethedogabathinthebackyard.(他在后院給狗洗了個(gè)澡。)

(4)搭配:

takeabath(洗澡)

haveabath(洗澡)

runabath(放洗澡水)

bubblebath(泡泡?。?/p>

(5)拓展詞組:bathtub(浴缸)

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bath作名詞時(shí),可以指“洗澡”這個(gè)動(dòng)作,也可以指“浴

缸”。

(7)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bath,bathe:bath多指在浴缸

里洗澡,而bathe可以指在浴缸、河里、海里等地方洗澡。

(8)幫助串記的例句:Afteralongdayatwork,ahotbathistheperfect

waytorelax.(在辛苦工作了一天后,洗個(gè)熱水澡是放松身心的最佳方式。)

8.bathe[bel6]

(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb)

(2)中文釋義:洗澡,浸

(3)例句:

Hebathedinthewarmsunlight.(他在溫暖的陽(yáng)光下沐浴。)

Shebathedthewoundwithdisinfectant.(她用消毒劑清洗傷口。)

(4)搭配:

bathein(沉浸在)

sunbathe(日光浴)

(5)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bathe既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。

(6)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bathe,bath:見(jiàn)bath的辨析。

(7)幫助串記的例句:Wespenttheafternoonbathinginthecool,

refreshingwaterofthelake.(我們整個(gè)下午都在清涼爽口的湖水中游泳。)

9.battlebsetl]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)

(2)中文釋義:

(名詞)戰(zhàn)役

(動(dòng)詞)戰(zhàn)斗,斗爭(zhēng)

(3)例句:

Hefoughtbravelyinthebattle.(他在戰(zhàn)斗中英勇作戰(zhàn)。)

Thetwoarmiesmetinafiercebattle.(兩軍展開(kāi)激戰(zhàn)。)

She,sbattlingcancerwithcourageanddetermination.(她以勇氣和

決心與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)。)

(4)同義詞:fight,combat,struggle

(5)反義詞:peace,truce

(6)搭配:

afiercebattle(激烈的戰(zhàn)斗)

win/loseabattle(贏得/輸?shù)魬?zhàn)斗)

fightalosingbattle(打一場(chǎng)必?cái)〉恼蹋?/p>

(7)拓展詞組:battlefield(戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)):Thebattlefieldwaslitteredwith

thebodiesoffallensoldiers.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:battle既可以指實(shí)際的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),也可以指比喻義的斗爭(zhēng)。

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:battle,war:battle指的是戰(zhàn)

爭(zhēng)中的單個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗,而war則指的是整個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。

(10)幫助串記的例句:Thebattleforcivilrightswaslongand

difficult,butultimatelysuccessful.(爭(zhēng)取公民權(quán)利的斗爭(zhēng)漫長(zhǎng)而艱難,

但最終取得了勝利。)

10.bay[bel]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:灣,海灣

(3)例句:

Wesailedintotheshelteredbay.(我們駛?cè)肓吮茱L(fēng)的港灣。)

Thecityislocatedonabeautifulbay.(這座城市坐落在一個(gè)美麗的

海灣。)

(5)搭配:

HudsonBay(哈德遜灣)

SanFranciscoBay(舊金山灣)

baywindow(飄窗)

(6)拓展詞組:keep/holdatbay(阻止?..靠近):Shemanagedtokeep

herfearatbaylongenoughtofinishherpresentation.

(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bay通常比gulf小。

(8)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bay,gulf:bay指的是比gulf小

的海灣。gulf指的是比bay大的海灣。

(9)幫助串記的例句:Westoodontheclifftop,gazingoutatthe

breathtakingviewofthebaybelow.(我們站在懸崖頂上,俯瞰著下面海灣

的壯麗景色。)

11.beach[bi:tJ]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:海灘,沙灘

(3)例句:

Wespentthedayswimmingandsunbathingonthebeach.(我們整天在

沙灘上游泳和曬日光浴。)

Thechildrenwerebuildingsandcastlesonthebeach.(孩子們?cè)谏碁?/p>

上堆沙堡。)

(4)搭配:

sandybeach(沙灘)

pebblebeach(鵝卵石灘)

gotothebeach(去海邊)

(5)拓展詞組:beachfront(海濱):Westayedatabeautifulhotelright

onthebeachfront.

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beach通常指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。

(7)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:

beach,coast,shore:

beach特指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。

coast指的是陸地與海洋的交界處,可以是沙灘、懸崖等多種地形。

shore指的是水邊的陸地,可以是海邊、湖邊、河邊等。

(8)幫助串記的例句:Thewavescrashedgentlyontheshore,creating

asoothingrhythm.(海浪輕輕地拍打著海岸,形成了一種舒緩的節(jié)奏。)

12.beast[bi:st]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:野獸

(3)例句:

Afiercebeastemergedfromtheforest.(一只兇猛的野獸從森林里鉆

了出來(lái)。)

Thelionisthekingofbeasts.(獅子是萬(wàn)獸之王。)

(4)同義詞:animal,creature,monster

(5)搭配:

wildbeast(野生動(dòng)物)

beastofburden(馱獸)

(6)拓展詞組:beastly(糟糕的,令人不快的):Whatbeastlyweather!

(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beast通常指體型較大、性情兇猛的動(dòng)物。

(8)幫助串記的例句:Inthedepthsofthejungle,mythicalbeasts

roamedfreely.(在叢林深處,神話中的野獸自由游蕩。)

13.beat[bi:t]

(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb),名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:

(動(dòng)詞)打敗,敲打,攪拌

(名詞)節(jié)拍

(3)例句:

Ourteambeattheirsbyascoreof3to1.(我們隊(duì)以3比1的比分擊

敗了他們隊(duì)。)

Therainwasbeatingagainstthewindow.(雨點(diǎn)敲打著窗戶。)

Shebeattheeggsuntiltheywerelightandfluffy.(她把雞蛋打發(fā)

到顏色變淺、蓬松為止。)

Icouldhearthebeatofmyownheart.(我能聽(tīng)到自己的心跳。)

(4)同義詞:defeat,hit,strike,rhythm

(5)反義詞:lose

(6)搭配:

beatsomeoneatagame(在比賽中打敗某人)

beatadrum(敲鼓)

(7)拓展詞組:beataroundthebush(拐彎抹角):Stopbeatingaround

thebushandtellmewhatyoureallythink.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beat的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是beato

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:

beat,win:

beat強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手,而win則強(qiáng)調(diào)取得勝利。

beat后面可以直接跟人或隊(duì)伍,而win后面通常要接比賽、獎(jiǎng)品等。

(10)幫助串記的例句:Theboxerbeathisopponenttoapulp.(拳擊

手把對(duì)手打得鼻青臉腫。)

14.beauty['bju:ti]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:美麗,美人

(3)例句:

Thebeautyofthesunsetwasbreathtaking.(日落的美麗令人嘆為觀止。)

Sheisawomanofgreatbeautyandcharm.(她是一位美麗迷人的女性。)

(4)同義詞:attractiveness,prettiness,handsomeness,loveliness

(5)反義詞:ugliness

(6)搭配:

naturalbeauty(自然美)

beautyqueen(選美皇后)

beautysalon(美容院)

(7)拓展詞組:beautyisonlyskindeep(美貌是膚淺的):Remember,

beautyisonlyskindeep-it,swhat,sinsidethatcounts.

(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beauty是不可數(shù)名詞,表示抽象的“美麗”。

(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:

beauty,beautiful:

beauty是名詞,而beautiful是形容詞。

(10)幫助串記的例句:Truebeautyliesnotinphysicalappearance,

butinthekindnessofone,sheart.(真正的美麗不在于外表,而在于內(nèi)心

的善良。)

15.bedclothes['bedklaodz]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:(pl.)被褥

(3)例句:Shechangedthebedclothesandputonfreshsheets.(她

換了床單,鋪上了干凈的床單。)

(4)同義詞:bedding,linens

(5)搭配:

changethebedclothes(換床單)

airthebedclothes(晾曬被褥)

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bedclothes是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,永遠(yuǎn)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

(7)幫助串記的例句:AsIslippedbetweenthewarmbedclothes,Icould

feelallthestressofthedaymeltaway.(當(dāng)我鉆進(jìn)溫暖的被褥里時(shí),我

能感覺(jué)到一天的壓力都消失了。)

16.beer[bia]

(1)詞性:名詞(noun)

(2)中文釋義:啤酒

(3)例句:

Heorderedabeerwithhismeal.(他點(diǎn)餐時(shí)要了一杯啤酒。)

Theywenttothepubforafewbeersafterwork.(他們下班后去酒吧

喝了幾杯啤酒。)

(4)搭配:

apintofbeer(一品脫啤酒)

draftbeer(扎?。?/p>

bottledbeer(瓶裝啤酒)

(5)拓展詞組:beerbelly(啤酒肚):Hehaddevelopedabitofabeer

bellyafteryearsofenjoyingafewpintseverynight.

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beer是不可數(shù)名詞,表示“啤酒”這種飲料。

(7)幫助串記的例句:Onahotsummerday,there'snothingquitelike

acold,refreshingbeer.(在炎熱的夏天,沒(méi)有什么比一杯冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒更爽口了。)

17.beg[beg]

(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb)

(2)中文釋義:乞求,懇求

(3)例句:

Thechildrenbeggedtheirparentstoletthemstayuplate.(孩子

們懇求父母讓他們晚點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)。)

Hebeggedforforgiveness.(他請(qǐng)求原諒。)

(4)搭配:

begforsomething(乞求某物)

begsomeonetodosomething(懇求某人做某事)

(5)拓展詞組:

Ibegyourpardon.(對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍;我不同意你的說(shuō)法)

beggar(乞丐):Thebeggarheldouthishand,askingforsparechange.

(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beg后面可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式,表示懇求某人做某事。

(7)幫助串記的例句:Thelostpuppylookedupatmewithpleadingeyes,

beggingmetotakehimhome.(那只迷路的小狗用懇求的眼神看著我,求我?guī)?/p>

他回家。)

(五)閱讀

Passage1

ThequaintseasidetownofBayviewhadlongbeenahavenforartists

andpoets,drawntoitsbreathtakingbayandruggedcoastline.Thesalty

tangoftheoceanbreezemixedwiththescentofpineneedlesfromthe

forestthatformedthetown,snaturalbase,creatinganintoxicatingaroma

thatawakenedcreativity.

Emma,astrugglingartist,hadrentedasmallbasementapartment

overlookingthebeach,hopingthetown,smagicwouldhelpherovercome

astubbornboutofartisticblock.Hertinylivingspace,thoughhumble,

heldacharmofitsown.Thewhitewashedwallsprovidedtheperfect

backdropforhercolorfulcanvases,andthesingle,north-facingwindow

bathedtheroominasoft,ethereallight,perfectforcapturingthe

nuancesofcolorandshadow.

Onesunnyafternoon,Emmawanderedalongthebeach,thesandhot

beneathherfeet.Agroupofchildrenplayedvolleyball,theirjoyful

shoutsechoingacrossthebay.Sheenviedtheircarefreespirit,astark

contrasttotheturmoilwithinher.Herrecentworks,shefelt,lacked

thedepthandemotionthathadpreviouslydefinedherart.Theyseemed

flat,lifeless,devoidofthebeautythatshesodesperatelywantedto

convey.

Reachingasecludedcove,shenoticedanoldfishermanmendinghis

nets.Helookedupandgreetedherwithawarmsmile.Intrigued,shesat

downbesidehim,drawntotheweatheredlinesonhisface,atestament

toalifelivedbattlingtheelementsandreapingtheocean,sbounty.They

talkedforhours,notaboutartorbeauty,butaboutthesea,itsmoods,

itscreatures,anditsunforgivingnature.

Asthesundippedbelowthehorizon,paintingtheskyinakaleidoscope

ofcolors,Emmarosetoleave.z,Thankyou,〃shewhispered,asudden

understandingdawningonher.Shehadn,tfoundtheanswertoherartistic

strugglesinherpaintsorherbrushes,butinthesimpleactof

observation,intrulyseeingtheworldaroundherandlisteningtothe

storiesithadtotell.

Hurryingbacktoherbasementapartment,shedugoutherold,

paint-splatteredbasketfilledwithbrushesandtubesofcolor.Theanswer,

sherealized,wasn,tinfindingtheperfectshadeofbluefortheskyor

theidealstroketodepictthecrashingwaves.Itlayintheheartofthe

stories,theemotions,andtherawbeautythatsurroundedher,waiting

tobediscovered.

1.WhatinitiallyattractedartistsandpoetstoBayview?

a)Thecheaprentinbasementapartments.

b)Thevibrantsocialsceneandnightlife.

c)Thebeautifulbayandruggedcoastline.

d)Theabundanceofartsuppliesavailable.

2.WhatwasthemainsourceofEmma,sfrustration?

a)Shecouldn,tfindenoughtimetopaint.

b)Shewasunhappywiththequalityofherrecentwork.

c)Herbasementapartmentwastoosmallanddark.

d)Shecouldn,taffordtobuytheartsuppliessheneeded.

3.WhatbestdescribesthefishermanEmmaencounteredonthebeach?

a)RudeanddismissiveofEmma'spresence.

b)World-wearyandcynicalaboutlife.

c)Wiseandconnectedtothesea.

d)Youngandfullofenergy.

4.Whatwasthe"suddenunderstanding^thatdawnedonEmma?

a)Thatsheshouldgiveuppaintingandbecomeawriter.

b)Thatsheneededtomovetoabiggercityforinspiration.

c)Thattrueartisticinspirationcomesfromexperiencingand

observinglife.

d)Thattheoldfishermanwassecretlyafamousartist.

5.WhatcanweinferaboutEmma,sfutureasanartist?

a)Shewillcontinuetostruggleandeventuallygiveup.

b)Shewillfindrenewedpurposeandinspirationinherart.

c)Shewillbecomeafamouspainterspecializinginseascapes.

d)Shewillabandonherartandbecomeafisherman,sapprentice.

Passage2

Thebustlingmarketplacebuzzedwithactivity,acacophonyofsights,

smells,andsounds.Vendorshawkedtheirwares,theirvoiceshoarsefrom

callingoutbargainstoattractcustomers.Vibrantlycoloredfabrics

cascadedfromstalls,temptingpassersbywithintricatedesigns.The

aromaofspiceshungheavyintheair,aheadymixofcinnamon,cumin,

andcardamomthattickledthesenses.

Ayoungboy,nomorethantenyearsold,navigatedthecrowdedaisles,

hissmallframeweavingthroughthethrongofpeople.Heclutchedabasket

filledwithfreshvegetables,hismother,sinstructionsechoinginhis

ears:"Getthebestdeal,Alfie,everypennycounts./z

Heapproachedastallpiledhighwithplumptomatoes,theirredskins

gleamingintheafternoonsun.Thevendor,astoutwomanwithabooming

laugh,quotedhimaprice,herwordsbarelyaudibleabovethedin.

"That'stoomuch,〃Alfiecountered,musteringthebravadoofa

seasonedhaggler.Hepointedtoasmallblemishononeofthetomatoes,

barelynoticeable."Thesearenotthebestquality.〃

Thevendorraisedaneyebrow,aplayfulsmilespreadingacrossher

face.Thiswasagametheybothknewhowtoplay.Thebarterbegan,alively

backandforthofwittycommentsanddramaticsighs,eachtryingtooutdo

theother.Finally,aftermuchbanter,theystruckadeal,bothparties

satisfiedwiththeoutcome.

AsAlfiewalkedaway,hisbasketalittlelighterandhiscoinpurse

alittleheavier,hecouldn,thelpbutfeelasenseofpride.Hehadlearned

wellfromhismother,masteringthedelicateartofthebargain.Itwasn?t

justaboutsavingmoney;itwasaboutrespect,wit,andunderstandingthe

truevalueofthings.

Suddenly,hebumpedintoabeggar,histatteredclothesandpleading

eyesastarkcontrasttotheabundanceofthemarketplace.Shamewashed

overAlfie.Hereachedintohisbasket,carefullyselectingthelargest,

juiciesttomato,andpresseditintothebeggar5soutstretchedhand.

〃Godblessyou,son,〃thebeggarwhispered,hisvoicethickwith

emotion.Alfiecontinuedonhisway,anewfoundwisdomsettlinginhis

heart.Heunderstoodthattruegenerositywasn,tmeasuredincoinsor

bargainsbutinactsofkindness,freelygiven.

1.Whatistheoverallatmosphereofthemarketplacedescribedinthe

passage?

a)Quietandpeaceful.

b)Chaoticandoverwhelming.

c)Livelyandenergetic.

d)Dangerousandintimidating.

2.WhydoesAlfiebargainwiththevendorforthetomatoes?

a)Heenjoysarguingwithadults.

b)Heistryingtoimpresstheothershoppers.

c)Hewantstopracticehisnegotiationskills.

d)Heneedstogetthebestpricehecanforhismother.

3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweenAlfieandthe

vendor?

a)Theyareenemieswhodislikeeachother.

b)Theyarestrangersengaginginacommonmarketpractice.

c)Theyarefamilymemberswithahistoryofdisagreements.

d)Theyareoldfriendswhoenjoyteasingeachother.

4.HowdoesAlfiedemonstratea"newfoundwisdom"attheendofthe

passage?

a)Bycountingthemoneyhesavedonthetomatoes.

b)Bybraggingtohisfriendsabouthisbargainingskills.

c)Bygivingatomatotothebeggaroutofgenuinecompassion.

d)Byresolvingtoneverbargainforgoodseveragain.

5.Whatisthecentralthemeormessageofthepassage?

a)Theimportanceofgettingthebestpriceoneverypurchase.

b)Theexcitementandchaosofabusymarket.

c)Thevalueofkindnessandgenerosityoutweighsmaterialgain.

d)Thedangersoftrustingstrangersinacrowdedmarketplace.

Passage3

TheancientcityofPetra,carveddirectlyintothesheerrockface

ofaJordaniancanyon,hadalwaysheldamythicalallure.Legendsspoke

oflosttreasureshiddenwithinitsdustytombsandwhisperedtalesof

forgottenempires.Forcenturies,itremainedawell-keptsecret,visited

onlybyBedouinnomadswhotraversedtheunforgivingdesert,theircamels

ladenwithgoodsandspices.

Dr.EleanorVance,arenownedarchaeologistknownforhermeticulous

researchandadventurousspirit,haddedicatedherlifetouncoveringthe

secretsofancientcivilizations.Petra,withitsenigmaticbeautyand

historicalsignificance,hadbecomeherlife,sobsession.Armedwithher

trustycompass,wornleather-boundjournal,andanunquenchablethirst

forknowledge,sheembarkedonanexpeditiontounlockthemysteries

entombedwithinthesandstonecliffs.

Herteam,amotleycrewofseasonedexcavatorsandenthusiastic

students,hadsetuptheirbasecampatthemouthoftheSiq,anarrow

gorgethatservedasthegatewaytothehiddencity.Theairbuzzedwith

anticipationastheycarefullybrushedawaycenturiesofsandanddebris,

eachartifactunearthedatestamenttoagloriouspast.

Weeksbledintomonths,theirdaysspentmeticulouslydocumenting

eachdiscovery:intricatemosaicsdepictingscenesofdailylife,pottery

shardsbearingremnantsofancientscripts,andeventheskeletalremains

ofthosewhohadoncecalledthismagicalplacehome.

Onescorchingafternoon,whileexploringaparticularlyremote

sectionoftheruins,Dr.Vancestumbleduponacuriousanomaly.Asingle,

weatheredbasin,half-buriedinthesand,seemedoddlyoutofplaceamidst

thegrandeurofthesurroundingtombs.Brushingawaythedust,shefelt

asurgeofexcitementcoursethroughherveins.Carvedonitsbasewas

aninscriptioninalanguageshehadonlyglimpsedinancienttexts-

thelanguageofthelostNabataeankingdom.

Thisdiscovery,sheknew,wasmorethanjustanotherartifact.Itwas

akey,aRosettaStonethatcouldpotentiallyunlockadeeper

understandingoftheNabataeancultureandtheiringeniousmasteryof

waterengineering,whichhadallowedthemtothriveintheariddesert.

Asthesunbeganitsslowdescent,castinglongshadowsacrossthe

sandstonecliffs,Dr.VanceknewherworkinPetrawasfarfromover.This

wasjustthebeginning.

1.WhatisthemainreasonDr.VancechosetostudyPetra?

a)Todiscoverhiddentreasuresandbecomewealthy.

b)Towriteatravelogueaboutheradventuresforamagazine.

c)TolearnmoreaboutthelostNabataeancivilizationandtheir

culture.

d)ToprovehercolleagueswrongabouttheexistenceofPetra.

2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Vance,spersonalitybasedonthe

passage?

a)Sheisrecklessandimpulsiveinherarchaeologicalpursuits.

b)Sheismeticulous,dedicated,andpassionateabouthistory.

c)Sheisgreedyandmotivatedbypersonalgain.

d)Sheiseasilydiscouragedandgivesupeasily.

3.Whatdoesthediscoveryofthebasinwiththeinscriptionrepresent

forDr.Vance?

a)Afinancialrewardforherhardwork.

b)Achancetobecomefamousinherfield.

c)AsignificantbreakthroughinunderstandingNabataeanhistory.

d)Areasontoabandonherresearchandreturnhome.

4.Whatdoesthephrase"thiswasjustthebeginning"attheendof

thepassagesuggest?

a)Dr.Vancewillsoonreturnhomeaftermakingherdiscovery.

b)ThemysteriesofPetrahavebeencompletelysolved.

c)TherearelikelymorediscoveriestobemadeinPetra.

d)Dr.Vancewillgiveuparchaeologytobecomealinguist.

5.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor,sdescriptionofthe〃Siq〃and

thesurroundingdesertenvironment?

a)Tocreateasenseofdangerandadventureinthepassage.

b)Toprovidearealisticsettingandhighlightthe

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