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2025高考英語(yǔ)詞匯復(fù)習(xí)知識(shí)清單
一、單詞詳解
1.bargain['ba:g0n]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:協(xié)議,交易,便宜貨
(3)例句:
Theyfinallyreachedabargainafterhoursofnegotiation.(經(jīng)過(guò)數(shù)
小時(shí)的談判,他們終于達(dá)成了協(xié)議。)
Igotarealbargainonthisdress-itwas50%off!(這件衣月艮我真
是撿到便宜了,打了五折!)
(4)同義詞:deal,agreement,pact
(5)反義詞:rip-off(敲竹杠)
(6)搭配:
strikeabargain(達(dá)成協(xié)議)
driveahardbargain(拼命壓價(jià))
agoodbargain(便宜貨)
(7)拓展詞組:
bargainingchip(談判籌碼):Heusedtheinformationasabargaining
chipinthenegotiations.
bargainfor/onsomething(預(yù)料至!J,指望):Wehadn,tbargainedonsuch
alongwait.
bargainbasement(廉價(jià)商品部):Ifoundagreatwintercoatinthe
bargainbasement.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bargain指的是雙方都同意的協(xié)議,而并非單方面的低價(jià)。
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:
bargain,deal:都可以表示“交易",但bargain更強(qiáng)調(diào)物超所值,而
deal則更為中性。
bargain,sale:bargain指的是一件商品的價(jià)格很便宜,而sale指的是
商店的降價(jià)促銷活動(dòng)。
(10)幫助串記的例句:
Thecustomerhaggledwiththevendortogetabetterbargain.(顧
客與攤販討價(jià)還價(jià),想買到更便宜的東西。)
Hemadeabargainwiththedeviltogainwealthandpower.(他與魔
鬼做交易,以獲得財(cái)富和權(quán)力。)
2.base[bels]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)
(2)中文釋義:
(名詞)底部,基礎(chǔ),基地,根據(jù)
(動(dòng)詞)以為基礎(chǔ)
(3)例句:
Thestatuehasawidebase.(這座雕像的底座很寬。)
ThecompanyhasitsbaseinNewYork.(這家公司的總部設(shè)在紐約。)
Themovieisbasedonatruestory.(這部電影是根據(jù)真實(shí)故事改編的。)
(4)同義詞:foundation,bottom,basis,headquarters
(5)反義詞:top,summit
(6)搭配:
atthebaseof(在...的底部)
militarybase(軍事基地)
database(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù))
baseon(以...為基礎(chǔ))
(7)拓展詞組:
basecamp(大本營(yíng)):Theclimberssetuptheirbasecampatthefoot
ofthemountain.
offbase(不正確的):Yourassumptionsaboutthesituationarewayoff
base.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:
base作名詞時(shí),發(fā)音為/beis/,重音在第一個(gè)音節(jié)。
base作動(dòng)詞時(shí),發(fā)音為/belz/,重音在第二個(gè)音節(jié)。
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:base,basis:base指的是具體
的底部或基礎(chǔ),而basis則指抽象的基礎(chǔ)或根據(jù)。
(10)幫助串記的例句:
Astrongfoundationisessentialforanysuccessfulendeavor,much
likeasturdybaseiscrucialforatallbuilding.(堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)對(duì)于任何
成功的事業(yè)都是至關(guān)重要的,就像堅(jiān)固的底座對(duì)于高層建筑至關(guān)重要一樣。)
3.basementVbelsm0nt]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:地下室
(3)例句:
Westoreouroldfurnitureinthebasement.(我們把舊家具存放在地
下室。)
Theyfinishedtheirbasementandturneditintoafamilyroom.(他
們裝修了地下室,把它變成了家庭活動(dòng)室。)
(4)同義詞:cellar
(5)搭配:
inthebasement(在地下室)
basementapartment(地下室公寓)
basementfloor(地下室樓層)
(6)拓展詞組:
fromthebasementtothepenthouse(從底層至U頂層):Hismusicappealed
toeveryone,fromthebasementtothepenthouse.
basementband(在地下室排練的樂(lè)隊(duì)):Thebasementbandpracticed
everyweekend,hopingtoonedaymakeitbig.
(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basement通常指整個(gè)房屋的地下室,而cellar通常指
用于儲(chǔ)藏物品的地下室。
(8)幫助串記的例句:Thechildrenwereafraidtogointothedarkand
dustybasement.(孩子們不敢進(jìn)入黑暗、滿是灰塵的地下室。)
4.basicbelslk]
(1)詞性:形容詞(adjective)
(2)中文釋義:基本的,基礎(chǔ)的,簡(jiǎn)單的
(3)例句:
Heonlyhasabasicunderstandingofthesubject.(他對(duì)這個(gè)科目只
有一點(diǎn)基本的了解。)
Therecipeisverybasicandeasytofollow.(這個(gè)食譜非常簡(jiǎn)單易懂。)
(4)同義詞:fundamental,elementary,simple
(5)反義詞:advanced,complex,complicated
(6)搭配:
basicskills(基本技能)
basicinformation(基本信息)
basicneeds(基本需求)
(7)拓展詞組:
backtobasics(回歸基石出):Sometimes,thebestsolutionistogoback
tobasics.
basictraining(基石出訓(xùn)練):Allnewrecruitshavetogothroughsix
weeksofbasictraining.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basic形容詞,通常放在所修飾的名詞前面。
(9)幫助串記的例句:Weneedtoaddressthebasicneedsofthepoor
andthehungry.(我們需要解決窮人和饑餓者的基本需求。)
5.basinbelsn]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:盆,臉盆,盆地
(3)例句:
Ifilledthebasinwithwarmwaterandwashedmyface.(我在盆里裝
滿溫水,洗了把臉。)
TheAmazonbasinishometotheworld,slargestrainforest.(亞馬
遜盆地是世界上最大的熱帶雨林的所在地。)
(4)同義詞:bowl,sink(洗滌槽),valley
(5)搭配:
washbasin(洗臉盆)
catchmentbasin(集水盆地)
riverbasin(河流流域)
(6)拓展詞組:
oceanbasin(海洋盆地):ThePacificOceanbasinisthelargestand
deepestoftheEarth,soceanicbasins.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:
basin作“臉盆”講時(shí),通常指比較大的,可以用來(lái)洗臉、洗衣服的盆。
basin作“盆地”講時(shí),指的是四周地勢(shì)較高,中間低洼的地理形態(tài)。
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:basin,bowl:basin通常指比
bowl更大、更深的容器。
(10)幫助串記的例句:Thewaterinthebasinwascrystalclear,
reflectingtheblueskyabove.(盆里的水清澈見(jiàn)底,倒映著蔚藍(lán)的天空。)
6.basket['ba:skit]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:籃,簍
(3)例句:
Sheputhershoppinginthebasket.(她把購(gòu)物的東西放進(jìn)了籃子里。)
Thechildrenwereplayingwithaballandabasket.(孩子們?cè)谕媲?/p>
和籃子。)
(4)搭配:
picnicbasket(野餐籃)
laundrybasket(洗衣籃)
wastebasket(廢紙簍)
(5)拓展詞組:
abasketcase(精神崩潰的人;無(wú)法獨(dú)立的事物):Aftertheaccident,
hewasacompletebasketcase.
fullofholes(漏洞百出):Hisalibiwasfullofholes.
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:basket通常指由藤條、柳條等編織而成的容器。
(7)幫助串記的例句:Shefilledthebasketwithfreshfruitfromthe
garden.(她從花園里摘來(lái)新鮮水果,裝滿了籃子。)
7.bath[ba:0,b^e9]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:浴,洗澡
(3)例句:
Itakeabatheveryeveningbeforebed.(我每天晚上睡覺(jué)前都洗個(gè)澡。)
Hegavethedogabathinthebackyard.(他在后院給狗洗了個(gè)澡。)
(4)搭配:
takeabath(洗澡)
haveabath(洗澡)
runabath(放洗澡水)
bubblebath(泡泡?。?/p>
(5)拓展詞組:bathtub(浴缸)
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bath作名詞時(shí),可以指“洗澡”這個(gè)動(dòng)作,也可以指“浴
缸”。
(7)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bath,bathe:bath多指在浴缸
里洗澡,而bathe可以指在浴缸、河里、海里等地方洗澡。
(8)幫助串記的例句:Afteralongdayatwork,ahotbathistheperfect
waytorelax.(在辛苦工作了一天后,洗個(gè)熱水澡是放松身心的最佳方式。)
8.bathe[bel6]
(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb)
(2)中文釋義:洗澡,浸
(3)例句:
Hebathedinthewarmsunlight.(他在溫暖的陽(yáng)光下沐浴。)
Shebathedthewoundwithdisinfectant.(她用消毒劑清洗傷口。)
(4)搭配:
bathein(沉浸在)
sunbathe(日光浴)
(5)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bathe既可以作及物動(dòng)詞,也可以作不及物動(dòng)詞。
(6)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bathe,bath:見(jiàn)bath的辨析。
(7)幫助串記的例句:Wespenttheafternoonbathinginthecool,
refreshingwaterofthelake.(我們整個(gè)下午都在清涼爽口的湖水中游泳。)
9.battlebsetl]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun),動(dòng)詞(verb)
(2)中文釋義:
(名詞)戰(zhàn)役
(動(dòng)詞)戰(zhàn)斗,斗爭(zhēng)
(3)例句:
Hefoughtbravelyinthebattle.(他在戰(zhàn)斗中英勇作戰(zhàn)。)
Thetwoarmiesmetinafiercebattle.(兩軍展開(kāi)激戰(zhàn)。)
She,sbattlingcancerwithcourageanddetermination.(她以勇氣和
決心與癌癥作斗爭(zhēng)。)
(4)同義詞:fight,combat,struggle
(5)反義詞:peace,truce
(6)搭配:
afiercebattle(激烈的戰(zhàn)斗)
win/loseabattle(贏得/輸?shù)魬?zhàn)斗)
fightalosingbattle(打一場(chǎng)必?cái)〉恼蹋?/p>
(7)拓展詞組:battlefield(戰(zhàn)場(chǎng)):Thebattlefieldwaslitteredwith
thebodiesoffallensoldiers.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:battle既可以指實(shí)際的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),也可以指比喻義的斗爭(zhēng)。
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:battle,war:battle指的是戰(zhàn)
爭(zhēng)中的單個(gè)戰(zhàn)斗,而war則指的是整個(gè)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
(10)幫助串記的例句:Thebattleforcivilrightswaslongand
difficult,butultimatelysuccessful.(爭(zhēng)取公民權(quán)利的斗爭(zhēng)漫長(zhǎng)而艱難,
但最終取得了勝利。)
10.bay[bel]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:灣,海灣
(3)例句:
Wesailedintotheshelteredbay.(我們駛?cè)肓吮茱L(fēng)的港灣。)
Thecityislocatedonabeautifulbay.(這座城市坐落在一個(gè)美麗的
海灣。)
(5)搭配:
HudsonBay(哈德遜灣)
SanFranciscoBay(舊金山灣)
baywindow(飄窗)
(6)拓展詞組:keep/holdatbay(阻止?..靠近):Shemanagedtokeep
herfearatbaylongenoughtofinishherpresentation.
(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bay通常比gulf小。
(8)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:bay,gulf:bay指的是比gulf小
的海灣。gulf指的是比bay大的海灣。
(9)幫助串記的例句:Westoodontheclifftop,gazingoutatthe
breathtakingviewofthebaybelow.(我們站在懸崖頂上,俯瞰著下面海灣
的壯麗景色。)
11.beach[bi:tJ]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:海灘,沙灘
(3)例句:
Wespentthedayswimmingandsunbathingonthebeach.(我們整天在
沙灘上游泳和曬日光浴。)
Thechildrenwerebuildingsandcastlesonthebeach.(孩子們?cè)谏碁?/p>
上堆沙堡。)
(4)搭配:
sandybeach(沙灘)
pebblebeach(鵝卵石灘)
gotothebeach(去海邊)
(5)拓展詞組:beachfront(海濱):Westayedatabeautifulhotelright
onthebeachfront.
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beach通常指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。
(7)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:
beach,coast,shore:
beach特指覆蓋著沙子或礫石的海濱地帶。
coast指的是陸地與海洋的交界處,可以是沙灘、懸崖等多種地形。
shore指的是水邊的陸地,可以是海邊、湖邊、河邊等。
(8)幫助串記的例句:Thewavescrashedgentlyontheshore,creating
asoothingrhythm.(海浪輕輕地拍打著海岸,形成了一種舒緩的節(jié)奏。)
12.beast[bi:st]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:野獸
(3)例句:
Afiercebeastemergedfromtheforest.(一只兇猛的野獸從森林里鉆
了出來(lái)。)
Thelionisthekingofbeasts.(獅子是萬(wàn)獸之王。)
(4)同義詞:animal,creature,monster
(5)搭配:
wildbeast(野生動(dòng)物)
beastofburden(馱獸)
(6)拓展詞組:beastly(糟糕的,令人不快的):Whatbeastlyweather!
(7)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beast通常指體型較大、性情兇猛的動(dòng)物。
(8)幫助串記的例句:Inthedepthsofthejungle,mythicalbeasts
roamedfreely.(在叢林深處,神話中的野獸自由游蕩。)
13.beat[bi:t]
(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb),名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:
(動(dòng)詞)打敗,敲打,攪拌
(名詞)節(jié)拍
(3)例句:
Ourteambeattheirsbyascoreof3to1.(我們隊(duì)以3比1的比分擊
敗了他們隊(duì)。)
Therainwasbeatingagainstthewindow.(雨點(diǎn)敲打著窗戶。)
Shebeattheeggsuntiltheywerelightandfluffy.(她把雞蛋打發(fā)
到顏色變淺、蓬松為止。)
Icouldhearthebeatofmyownheart.(我能聽(tīng)到自己的心跳。)
(4)同義詞:defeat,hit,strike,rhythm
(5)反義詞:lose
(6)搭配:
beatsomeoneatagame(在比賽中打敗某人)
beatadrum(敲鼓)
(7)拓展詞組:beataroundthebush(拐彎抹角):Stopbeatingaround
thebushandtellmewhatyoureallythink.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beat的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞都是beato
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:
beat,win:
beat強(qiáng)調(diào)戰(zhàn)勝對(duì)手,而win則強(qiáng)調(diào)取得勝利。
beat后面可以直接跟人或隊(duì)伍,而win后面通常要接比賽、獎(jiǎng)品等。
(10)幫助串記的例句:Theboxerbeathisopponenttoapulp.(拳擊
手把對(duì)手打得鼻青臉腫。)
14.beauty['bju:ti]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:美麗,美人
(3)例句:
Thebeautyofthesunsetwasbreathtaking.(日落的美麗令人嘆為觀止。)
Sheisawomanofgreatbeautyandcharm.(她是一位美麗迷人的女性。)
(4)同義詞:attractiveness,prettiness,handsomeness,loveliness
(5)反義詞:ugliness
(6)搭配:
naturalbeauty(自然美)
beautyqueen(選美皇后)
beautysalon(美容院)
(7)拓展詞組:beautyisonlyskindeep(美貌是膚淺的):Remember,
beautyisonlyskindeep-it,swhat,sinsidethatcounts.
(8)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beauty是不可數(shù)名詞,表示抽象的“美麗”。
(9)與其他近似單詞的中文意思的辨析:
beauty,beautiful:
beauty是名詞,而beautiful是形容詞。
(10)幫助串記的例句:Truebeautyliesnotinphysicalappearance,
butinthekindnessofone,sheart.(真正的美麗不在于外表,而在于內(nèi)心
的善良。)
15.bedclothes['bedklaodz]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:(pl.)被褥
(3)例句:Shechangedthebedclothesandputonfreshsheets.(她
換了床單,鋪上了干凈的床單。)
(4)同義詞:bedding,linens
(5)搭配:
changethebedclothes(換床單)
airthebedclothes(晾曬被褥)
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:bedclothes是復(fù)數(shù)名詞,永遠(yuǎn)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
(7)幫助串記的例句:AsIslippedbetweenthewarmbedclothes,Icould
feelallthestressofthedaymeltaway.(當(dāng)我鉆進(jìn)溫暖的被褥里時(shí),我
能感覺(jué)到一天的壓力都消失了。)
16.beer[bia]
(1)詞性:名詞(noun)
(2)中文釋義:啤酒
(3)例句:
Heorderedabeerwithhismeal.(他點(diǎn)餐時(shí)要了一杯啤酒。)
Theywenttothepubforafewbeersafterwork.(他們下班后去酒吧
喝了幾杯啤酒。)
(4)搭配:
apintofbeer(一品脫啤酒)
draftbeer(扎?。?/p>
bottledbeer(瓶裝啤酒)
(5)拓展詞組:beerbelly(啤酒肚):Hehaddevelopedabitofabeer
bellyafteryearsofenjoyingafewpintseverynight.
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beer是不可數(shù)名詞,表示“啤酒”這種飲料。
(7)幫助串記的例句:Onahotsummerday,there'snothingquitelike
acold,refreshingbeer.(在炎熱的夏天,沒(méi)有什么比一杯冰鎮(zhèn)啤酒更爽口了。)
17.beg[beg]
(1)詞性:動(dòng)詞(verb)
(2)中文釋義:乞求,懇求
(3)例句:
Thechildrenbeggedtheirparentstoletthemstayuplate.(孩子
們懇求父母讓他們晚點(diǎn)睡覺(jué)。)
Hebeggedforforgiveness.(他請(qǐng)求原諒。)
(4)搭配:
begforsomething(乞求某物)
begsomeonetodosomething(懇求某人做某事)
(5)拓展詞組:
Ibegyourpardon.(對(duì)不起,請(qǐng)?jiān)僬f(shuō)一遍;我不同意你的說(shuō)法)
beggar(乞丐):Thebeggarheldouthishand,askingforsparechange.
(6)易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)撥:beg后面可以跟動(dòng)詞不定式,表示懇求某人做某事。
(7)幫助串記的例句:Thelostpuppylookedupatmewithpleadingeyes,
beggingmetotakehimhome.(那只迷路的小狗用懇求的眼神看著我,求我?guī)?/p>
他回家。)
(五)閱讀
Passage1
ThequaintseasidetownofBayviewhadlongbeenahavenforartists
andpoets,drawntoitsbreathtakingbayandruggedcoastline.Thesalty
tangoftheoceanbreezemixedwiththescentofpineneedlesfromthe
forestthatformedthetown,snaturalbase,creatinganintoxicatingaroma
thatawakenedcreativity.
Emma,astrugglingartist,hadrentedasmallbasementapartment
overlookingthebeach,hopingthetown,smagicwouldhelpherovercome
astubbornboutofartisticblock.Hertinylivingspace,thoughhumble,
heldacharmofitsown.Thewhitewashedwallsprovidedtheperfect
backdropforhercolorfulcanvases,andthesingle,north-facingwindow
bathedtheroominasoft,ethereallight,perfectforcapturingthe
nuancesofcolorandshadow.
Onesunnyafternoon,Emmawanderedalongthebeach,thesandhot
beneathherfeet.Agroupofchildrenplayedvolleyball,theirjoyful
shoutsechoingacrossthebay.Sheenviedtheircarefreespirit,astark
contrasttotheturmoilwithinher.Herrecentworks,shefelt,lacked
thedepthandemotionthathadpreviouslydefinedherart.Theyseemed
flat,lifeless,devoidofthebeautythatshesodesperatelywantedto
convey.
Reachingasecludedcove,shenoticedanoldfishermanmendinghis
nets.Helookedupandgreetedherwithawarmsmile.Intrigued,shesat
downbesidehim,drawntotheweatheredlinesonhisface,atestament
toalifelivedbattlingtheelementsandreapingtheocean,sbounty.They
talkedforhours,notaboutartorbeauty,butaboutthesea,itsmoods,
itscreatures,anditsunforgivingnature.
Asthesundippedbelowthehorizon,paintingtheskyinakaleidoscope
ofcolors,Emmarosetoleave.z,Thankyou,〃shewhispered,asudden
understandingdawningonher.Shehadn,tfoundtheanswertoherartistic
strugglesinherpaintsorherbrushes,butinthesimpleactof
observation,intrulyseeingtheworldaroundherandlisteningtothe
storiesithadtotell.
Hurryingbacktoherbasementapartment,shedugoutherold,
paint-splatteredbasketfilledwithbrushesandtubesofcolor.Theanswer,
sherealized,wasn,tinfindingtheperfectshadeofbluefortheskyor
theidealstroketodepictthecrashingwaves.Itlayintheheartofthe
stories,theemotions,andtherawbeautythatsurroundedher,waiting
tobediscovered.
1.WhatinitiallyattractedartistsandpoetstoBayview?
a)Thecheaprentinbasementapartments.
b)Thevibrantsocialsceneandnightlife.
c)Thebeautifulbayandruggedcoastline.
d)Theabundanceofartsuppliesavailable.
2.WhatwasthemainsourceofEmma,sfrustration?
a)Shecouldn,tfindenoughtimetopaint.
b)Shewasunhappywiththequalityofherrecentwork.
c)Herbasementapartmentwastoosmallanddark.
d)Shecouldn,taffordtobuytheartsuppliessheneeded.
3.WhatbestdescribesthefishermanEmmaencounteredonthebeach?
a)RudeanddismissiveofEmma'spresence.
b)World-wearyandcynicalaboutlife.
c)Wiseandconnectedtothesea.
d)Youngandfullofenergy.
4.Whatwasthe"suddenunderstanding^thatdawnedonEmma?
a)Thatsheshouldgiveuppaintingandbecomeawriter.
b)Thatsheneededtomovetoabiggercityforinspiration.
c)Thattrueartisticinspirationcomesfromexperiencingand
observinglife.
d)Thattheoldfishermanwassecretlyafamousartist.
5.WhatcanweinferaboutEmma,sfutureasanartist?
a)Shewillcontinuetostruggleandeventuallygiveup.
b)Shewillfindrenewedpurposeandinspirationinherart.
c)Shewillbecomeafamouspainterspecializinginseascapes.
d)Shewillabandonherartandbecomeafisherman,sapprentice.
Passage2
Thebustlingmarketplacebuzzedwithactivity,acacophonyofsights,
smells,andsounds.Vendorshawkedtheirwares,theirvoiceshoarsefrom
callingoutbargainstoattractcustomers.Vibrantlycoloredfabrics
cascadedfromstalls,temptingpassersbywithintricatedesigns.The
aromaofspiceshungheavyintheair,aheadymixofcinnamon,cumin,
andcardamomthattickledthesenses.
Ayoungboy,nomorethantenyearsold,navigatedthecrowdedaisles,
hissmallframeweavingthroughthethrongofpeople.Heclutchedabasket
filledwithfreshvegetables,hismother,sinstructionsechoinginhis
ears:"Getthebestdeal,Alfie,everypennycounts./z
Heapproachedastallpiledhighwithplumptomatoes,theirredskins
gleamingintheafternoonsun.Thevendor,astoutwomanwithabooming
laugh,quotedhimaprice,herwordsbarelyaudibleabovethedin.
"That'stoomuch,〃Alfiecountered,musteringthebravadoofa
seasonedhaggler.Hepointedtoasmallblemishononeofthetomatoes,
barelynoticeable."Thesearenotthebestquality.〃
Thevendorraisedaneyebrow,aplayfulsmilespreadingacrossher
face.Thiswasagametheybothknewhowtoplay.Thebarterbegan,alively
backandforthofwittycommentsanddramaticsighs,eachtryingtooutdo
theother.Finally,aftermuchbanter,theystruckadeal,bothparties
satisfiedwiththeoutcome.
AsAlfiewalkedaway,hisbasketalittlelighterandhiscoinpurse
alittleheavier,hecouldn,thelpbutfeelasenseofpride.Hehadlearned
wellfromhismother,masteringthedelicateartofthebargain.Itwasn?t
justaboutsavingmoney;itwasaboutrespect,wit,andunderstandingthe
truevalueofthings.
Suddenly,hebumpedintoabeggar,histatteredclothesandpleading
eyesastarkcontrasttotheabundanceofthemarketplace.Shamewashed
overAlfie.Hereachedintohisbasket,carefullyselectingthelargest,
juiciesttomato,andpresseditintothebeggar5soutstretchedhand.
〃Godblessyou,son,〃thebeggarwhispered,hisvoicethickwith
emotion.Alfiecontinuedonhisway,anewfoundwisdomsettlinginhis
heart.Heunderstoodthattruegenerositywasn,tmeasuredincoinsor
bargainsbutinactsofkindness,freelygiven.
1.Whatistheoverallatmosphereofthemarketplacedescribedinthe
passage?
a)Quietandpeaceful.
b)Chaoticandoverwhelming.
c)Livelyandenergetic.
d)Dangerousandintimidating.
2.WhydoesAlfiebargainwiththevendorforthetomatoes?
a)Heenjoysarguingwithadults.
b)Heistryingtoimpresstheothershoppers.
c)Hewantstopracticehisnegotiationskills.
d)Heneedstogetthebestpricehecanforhismother.
3.WhatcanbeinferredabouttherelationshipbetweenAlfieandthe
vendor?
a)Theyareenemieswhodislikeeachother.
b)Theyarestrangersengaginginacommonmarketpractice.
c)Theyarefamilymemberswithahistoryofdisagreements.
d)Theyareoldfriendswhoenjoyteasingeachother.
4.HowdoesAlfiedemonstratea"newfoundwisdom"attheendofthe
passage?
a)Bycountingthemoneyhesavedonthetomatoes.
b)Bybraggingtohisfriendsabouthisbargainingskills.
c)Bygivingatomatotothebeggaroutofgenuinecompassion.
d)Byresolvingtoneverbargainforgoodseveragain.
5.Whatisthecentralthemeormessageofthepassage?
a)Theimportanceofgettingthebestpriceoneverypurchase.
b)Theexcitementandchaosofabusymarket.
c)Thevalueofkindnessandgenerosityoutweighsmaterialgain.
d)Thedangersoftrustingstrangersinacrowdedmarketplace.
Passage3
TheancientcityofPetra,carveddirectlyintothesheerrockface
ofaJordaniancanyon,hadalwaysheldamythicalallure.Legendsspoke
oflosttreasureshiddenwithinitsdustytombsandwhisperedtalesof
forgottenempires.Forcenturies,itremainedawell-keptsecret,visited
onlybyBedouinnomadswhotraversedtheunforgivingdesert,theircamels
ladenwithgoodsandspices.
Dr.EleanorVance,arenownedarchaeologistknownforhermeticulous
researchandadventurousspirit,haddedicatedherlifetouncoveringthe
secretsofancientcivilizations.Petra,withitsenigmaticbeautyand
historicalsignificance,hadbecomeherlife,sobsession.Armedwithher
trustycompass,wornleather-boundjournal,andanunquenchablethirst
forknowledge,sheembarkedonanexpeditiontounlockthemysteries
entombedwithinthesandstonecliffs.
Herteam,amotleycrewofseasonedexcavatorsandenthusiastic
students,hadsetuptheirbasecampatthemouthoftheSiq,anarrow
gorgethatservedasthegatewaytothehiddencity.Theairbuzzedwith
anticipationastheycarefullybrushedawaycenturiesofsandanddebris,
eachartifactunearthedatestamenttoagloriouspast.
Weeksbledintomonths,theirdaysspentmeticulouslydocumenting
eachdiscovery:intricatemosaicsdepictingscenesofdailylife,pottery
shardsbearingremnantsofancientscripts,andeventheskeletalremains
ofthosewhohadoncecalledthismagicalplacehome.
Onescorchingafternoon,whileexploringaparticularlyremote
sectionoftheruins,Dr.Vancestumbleduponacuriousanomaly.Asingle,
weatheredbasin,half-buriedinthesand,seemedoddlyoutofplaceamidst
thegrandeurofthesurroundingtombs.Brushingawaythedust,shefelt
asurgeofexcitementcoursethroughherveins.Carvedonitsbasewas
aninscriptioninalanguageshehadonlyglimpsedinancienttexts-
thelanguageofthelostNabataeankingdom.
Thisdiscovery,sheknew,wasmorethanjustanotherartifact.Itwas
akey,aRosettaStonethatcouldpotentiallyunlockadeeper
understandingoftheNabataeancultureandtheiringeniousmasteryof
waterengineering,whichhadallowedthemtothriveintheariddesert.
Asthesunbeganitsslowdescent,castinglongshadowsacrossthe
sandstonecliffs,Dr.VanceknewherworkinPetrawasfarfromover.This
wasjustthebeginning.
1.WhatisthemainreasonDr.VancechosetostudyPetra?
a)Todiscoverhiddentreasuresandbecomewealthy.
b)Towriteatravelogueaboutheradventuresforamagazine.
c)TolearnmoreaboutthelostNabataeancivilizationandtheir
culture.
d)ToprovehercolleagueswrongabouttheexistenceofPetra.
2.WhatcanbeinferredaboutDr.Vance,spersonalitybasedonthe
passage?
a)Sheisrecklessandimpulsiveinherarchaeologicalpursuits.
b)Sheismeticulous,dedicated,andpassionateabouthistory.
c)Sheisgreedyandmotivatedbypersonalgain.
d)Sheiseasilydiscouragedandgivesupeasily.
3.Whatdoesthediscoveryofthebasinwiththeinscriptionrepresent
forDr.Vance?
a)Afinancialrewardforherhardwork.
b)Achancetobecomefamousinherfield.
c)AsignificantbreakthroughinunderstandingNabataeanhistory.
d)Areasontoabandonherresearchandreturnhome.
4.Whatdoesthephrase"thiswasjustthebeginning"attheendof
thepassagesuggest?
a)Dr.Vancewillsoonreturnhomeaftermakingherdiscovery.
b)ThemysteriesofPetrahavebeencompletelysolved.
c)TherearelikelymorediscoveriestobemadeinPetra.
d)Dr.Vancewillgiveuparchaeologytobecomealinguist.
5.Whatisthepurposeoftheauthor,sdescriptionofthe〃Siq〃and
thesurroundingdesertenvironment?
a)Tocreateasenseofdangerandadventureinthepassage.
b)Toprovidearealisticsettingandhighlightthe
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