高考備考英語語法之主謂一致省公開課一等獎全國示范課微課金獎?wù)n件

高考備考英語語法之二主謂一致1/19關(guān)鍵點概述：1．就近標準1)兩個做主語名詞或代詞由either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,or連接時，謂語動詞與最近主語保持一致2)therebe/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)中be動詞與后面最近名詞保持一致。3)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)4)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+which/that/who(引導(dǎo)定語從句)+謂語用復(fù)數(shù);that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，謂語動詞與先行詞一致。2.

就遠標準1）主語后面跟aswellas,with,togetherwith,inadditionto，besides，alongwith,including;except,but,not;like短語時謂語動詞和最前面名詞一致2）each作同位語時，它不決定單復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞跟前面主語一致。3)theonly/veryoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+which/that/who+謂語用單數(shù)2/193意義一致標準1）集合名詞，作為整體時看為單數(shù)，強調(diào)個體時看作復(fù)數(shù)。2）單復(fù)數(shù)同形詞，依據(jù)主語本身要表示意思來判斷謂語動詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。3）表示數(shù)目，時間，金額或距離名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語依據(jù)意義將其看作整體謂語動詞用單數(shù)。4）由and連接名詞短語假如表示同一人或事物，謂動用單數(shù)；若表示兩個不一樣概念，謂動用復(fù)數(shù)。5）分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+n.；amajority/minorityof+n謂語動詞跟后面中心詞n.保持一致。6)不定代詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如something，nobody，somebody…7)each,either,neither,another,theother做主語或主語被和他們相關(guān)短語修飾，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。8)有些以—s結(jié)尾名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通慣用單數(shù)形式9）thenumberof（謂動用單數(shù)）;anumberof/agreatmanyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(謂動用復(fù)數(shù))3/1910）the+adj.指人用復(fù)數(shù),指物用單數(shù).11)

“…form（s）/kind（s）/type（s）of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)與form（s）等單復(fù)數(shù)一致，此時，若名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。4形式一致標準manya+n（單數(shù)）/morethanone+n（單數(shù)）/every(each)+n+（+and+each+n）/amajority(minority)極少數(shù)/oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞以上短語做主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。4/19一，概念透析:定義：主語和謂語動詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。幾個做題標準1．就近標準----謂語和最近主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致1)兩個做主語名詞或代詞由either…or,neither…nor,notonly…butalso,or連接時，謂語動詞與最近主語保持一致5/19識記例句1，NotonlyhebutalsoI

ateacher.

AamBisCareDwas2,Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher

anythingaboutit.(know)AknowBknows

3,Themanagerorhisassistant

planningtogo.(wereorwas)6/192)therebe/herebe結(jié)構(gòu)中be動詞與后面最近名詞保持一致。比如，1,There

apenandtwobooksonthedesk.(isorare)2,Here

aletterandabookforyou.(isorare)3)倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)

1，Heworkswellinthefactory,so

she.（do）

2，Theboydoesn’tlikeplayingfootball,neither/nor（）hisyoungerbrother.（do)3,Onthetopofthehillatemple.(stand)7/194)oneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+which/that/who(引導(dǎo)定語從句)+謂語用復(fù)數(shù);that/which引導(dǎo)定語從句，謂語動詞與先行詞一致。Heisoneofstudentswho

tocatchsnake.(dare)2

就遠標準—謂語動詞人稱和數(shù)與最遠（最前面）主語保持一致：1）主語后面跟aswellas,with,togetherwith,inadditionto，besides，alongwith,including;except,but,not;like短語時謂語動詞和最前面名詞一致Aboywithhisparents

goingtozoonextweek.(be)Nobodybutthestudents

intheclassroom.(be)ShenotI

playingvolleyball.(like)8/192）each作同位語時，它不決定單復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動詞跟前面主語一致。Theyeach

adictionary.（have）（區(qū)分：eachofthemhasadictionary.）3)theonly/veryoneof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞+which/that/who+謂語用單數(shù)Heistheonlyoneofstudentswhotocatchsnake.（dare）9/193意義一致標準----指主語形式上為單數(shù)，但意義為復(fù)數(shù)，所以謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；或主語形式上為復(fù)數(shù),但表示單數(shù)意義，這是謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。1）集合名詞，作為整體時看為單數(shù)，強調(diào)個體時看作復(fù)數(shù)。如：Group/class/committee/family/army/team/audience/government/staff…Myfamilyhavinglunchnow.（be）(family強調(diào)個體)Myfamilymovedintothenewhouse.（have）family強調(diào)整體)Thebasketballteamof20players.（consist）（team強調(diào)球隊整體）Thebasketballteam

havingabathnow.（be）（team強調(diào)個體-球隊球員）10/192）單復(fù)數(shù)同形詞，依據(jù)主語本身要表示意思來判斷謂語動詞用單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如means,cattle,sheep,Chinese,Japanese,works,species,fish…AsheeprunningalongtheriverEverymeansofsolvingtheproblem

discussing.Thecattlegrazingneartheriver.牛在河邊吃草（Isneedsare）3)表示數(shù)目，時間，金額或距離名詞復(fù)數(shù)做主語依據(jù)意義將其看作整體謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Twentydollarstooexpensiveforthebook.Twohoursenoughforustofinishtheexperiment.

（Isis）11/194）由and連接名詞短語假如表示同一人或事物，謂動用單數(shù)；若表示兩個不一樣概念，謂動用復(fù)數(shù)。如：Thebreadandbutter

myfavorite.(同一事物指“黃油面包”)Thesingerandthedancer

fromanothercountry.(兩個不一樣身份人，指那個歌唱家和那個舞蹈家)（iscome）5）分數(shù)或百分數(shù)+of+n.；amajority/minorityof+n謂語動詞跟后面中心詞n.保持一致。6)不定代詞做主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，如something，nobody，somebody…7)each,either,neither,another,theother做主語或主語被和他們相關(guān)短語修飾，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Neitheransweriscorrect.Eachofthemlikeseatingcakes

12/198)有些以—s結(jié)尾名詞本身不表示復(fù)數(shù)意義，謂語通慣用單數(shù)形式，如news,mathematics,physics,politics等Nonews

goodnews.Maths

popularinourclass.9）thenumberof（謂動用單數(shù)）;anumberof/agreatmanyof+復(fù)數(shù)名詞(謂動用復(fù)數(shù))Thenumberofathletes

40.Anumberof/agreatmanyofthestudentsdiligent.（isisisare）13/1910）the+adj.指人用復(fù)數(shù),指物用單數(shù).如：thewounded(傷員)，theold(傷員)謂動用復(fù)數(shù)；thebeautiful(美好事物)，thegood(好地方優(yōu)點)謂動用單數(shù)。Theoldtakinggoodcareof.Thebeautifulworthyofbeingremembered.11)

“…form（s）/kind（s）/type（s）of+名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞單復(fù)數(shù)與form（s）等單復(fù)數(shù)一致，此時，若名詞是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語動詞也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。如：Thiskindofbook

well.

Twokindsofsalt

provedtobeharmfultohumanbody.區(qū)分：Booksofthiskindsellwell

（needissellshave）14/194形式一致標準—不重視短語表示意思，只重視其形式，形式為單數(shù)謂語動詞就用單數(shù)：manya+n（單數(shù)）/morethanone+n（單數(shù)）/every(each)+n+（+and+each+n）/amajority(minority)/oneandahalf+復(fù)數(shù)名詞以上短語做主語謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Manyastudent

playingthecomputergames.Morethanonestudent

everbeentoBeijing.Oneandahalfhours

enough.Everymanandeverywoman

atwork.Amajority

expectedtobeadmittedtothefamousuniversity.（likeshasisisis）15/19習(xí)題精練：

1.EitherJaneorSteven____watchingTVnow.

A.wereB.isC.wasD.are

2.Twodays____enoughformetofinishthework,Ineedathirdday.

A.isn’tB.isC.aren’t

D.are

3.—Howmanylessonsdoyouusuallyhaveaday?

—Sixlessonsaday.Andeachofthem_____45minutes.

A.lastB.lastsC.haveD.are

4.NeitherheorI

aprofessionalfootballplayer.

A.amB.isC.beD.are

5.There_____onlyonedifficultsentenceandfewnewwordsinlessonone.Itisveryeasy.

A.isB.aren’tC.isn’tD.are

6.Thenumberofthestudentsinourschool____1200.

A.isB.areC.hasD.have

BCBBAA16/197.Mathematics___myfavoritesubject.A.beB.isC.amD.are

8.Theboywiththetwodogs_____whentheearthquakerockedthecity.

A.weresleepingBissleepingC.wassleepingD.areasleep

9.EveryoneexceptTomandJohn___therewhenthemeetingbegan.A.areB.isC.wereD.was

10.Thatplaceisnotinterestingatall,____ofuswantstogothere.

A.NeitherB.BothC.AllD.Some

11.NobodybutJane___thesecret.

A.knowB.knowsC.haveknowD.is

12.Theofficestaff_____gatheredtohearthepresidentspeak.A.isB.areC.beD.will

13.Thispairofglasses___mine.

A.areB.beC.isD.willbe

BADABDC17/1914BothLilyandLucy____tothepartyyesterday.

A.invitedB.wasinvitedC.hadinvitedD.wereinvited

15.—Twomonths___quitealongtime.

—Yes,I’mafraidthathewillmisslotsofhislessons.A.isB.areC.wasD.were

16.Inthecity，theold_______.

A.takegoodcareofB.aretakengoodcareof

C.istakengoodcareofD.arebeentakengoodcareof

17.Hisfamily___allverykindandfriendly,Hisfamily____ahappyone.

A.are,isB.is,isC.are,areD.is,are

18.Thesingerandthedancer____cometoBeijing.

A.has

B.ha