山東省青島市2025屆高三英語統(tǒng)一質(zhì)量檢測試題含解析

PAGE21-山東省青島市2025屆高三英語統(tǒng)一質(zhì)量檢測試題（含解析）（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：120分）留意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、考生號等填寫在答題卡上。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。第一部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)：（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AOur3-daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.Onthewayweseewaterfalls,volcanoes,floatingicebergs,cliffs,blacksandbeaches,geysers,hotspringsandsomuchmore.ThereareevenoptionsforaglacierhikeoravisittotheSecretLagoon,andduringthesummermonthsyoucanaddaboattouronJokulsarlonGlacierLagoon.Included:Reykjavikpick-up&drop-off,minibustour,Englishguidance,2nightsaccommodation,glacier-hiking/ice-cavingequipment,superjeeprideforsomekm,specializedguidetoicecaveentrancefeesandnorthernlights(dependingonconditions,visiblefromSept-Apr).Notincluded:Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.Theboattripontheglacierlagoonisanoptionalextra(availableinthesummermonths).Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.Bringwithyou:Warmoutdoorclothing,waterproofjacketandpants,headwearandgloves.Goodhikingbootsareessential.Note:Youcanalwaysrentstronghikingboots,waterproofjacketandpantsinthebookingprocess.IceCaveinformation:Ourmaincaveis"CrystalIceCave",butifitisinaccessiblewewillvisitanothercave.Duringthesummermonths(Apr-Oct),wegototheKatlaIceCave.Iftheicecaveisinaccessible,wedoaglacierhikeinstead.Drop-offinformation:Wedropyouoffatyourhotelsometimebetween16:00-19:00ondaythree,dependingonweatherandroadconditions.Contactus:Ifyouhaveaquestionaboutthistouryoucanusethecontactformherebelow.Ifyouhaveageneralinquiry(cancellations,feedback,reschedule,etc.)pleaseclickhere.1.Whatshouldyoupayextramoneyforduringthetrip?A.Minibustour. B.Glacierhiking.C.Entrancefees. D.Lunch..2.Ifyouwanttohaveaboattrip,you_A.canmakeitallyeararound B.don'tneedtopayextramoneyC.mustbuywaterproofjackets D.hadbetterbooktheticketsinadvance3.Wheredoesthistextmostprobablycomefrom?A.Ahealthnewspaper. B.Asciencefiction.C.Atravelwebsite. D.Aprojecthandbook.【答案】1.D2.D3.C【解析】本文是一篇應用文。介紹了一個為期三天、沿著南部海岸的旅行，以及關于旅行支配的具體信息、留意事項和聯(lián)系方式等?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中的“Notincluded:Foodisnotincludedonthistourexceptforbreakfasts.”（不包含項目：本次旅行不包含除了早餐之外的食物。）可知，午餐須要額外付錢。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章中“Theboattripontheglacierlagoonisanoptionalextra(availableinthesummermonths).Thissellsoutveryfast,sowerecommendyoubookitwhenyouarrangeyourtour.”（冰川瀉湖上的游船是可選擇的額外項目，僅在夏季供應。這個項目銷售很快，因此我們建議您在支配旅行時進行預定。）可知，假如想要體驗游船，最好先提前訂票。故選D?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)“Our3-daytouralongtheSouthCoasthasitall!Stunninglandscapes,theGoldenCircle,icecaves,theJokulsarlonIcebergLagoonandNorthernLightswatching.”（我們沿著南部海岸進行的為期3天的旅行無奇不有！令人驚羨的景觀、金色的圓圈、冰洞、Jokulsarlon冰山瀉湖和北極光。）及下文的關于旅行的信息，聯(lián)系方式等，可知，本文是一個關于旅行的廣告，因此最可能來自旅游網(wǎng)站。故選C。BInrecentyears,stressed-outpeoplelivingincitieshavebeenseekingprotectioningreenspacesfortheprovenpositiveimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth,butthebenefitsof"bluespace"-theseaandcoastline,butalsorivers,lakes,canals,waterfalls,evenfountains-arelesswelladvertised,yetthesciencehasbeenconsistentforatleastadecade:beingbywaterisgoodforbodyandmind.＂Manyoftheprocessesareexactlythesameaswithgreenspace-withsomeaddedbenefits,"saysDrMathewWhite,aseniorlecturerattheUniversityofExeter.Whitesaystherearethreeestablishedpathwaysbywhichthepresenceofwaterispositivelyrelatedtohealthandhappiness.First,therearethebeneficialenvironmentalfactors,suchaslesspollutedairandmoresunlight.Second,peoplewholivebywatertendtobemorephysicallyactive.Third-andthisiswherebluespaceseemstohaveanadvantageoverothernaturalenvironments-waterhasapsychologicalrecoveryeffect.Whenyouaresailing,surfingorswimming,saysWhite,＂you'rereallyinstepwithnaturalforcesthere."CatherineKellyisawellnesspractitionerwhoteachesclassesin"mindfulnessbythesea”.Shesaystheseahasaqualitythatcanmakepeoplethoughtful.＂Togototheseameanslettinggo"saysKelly."Itcouldbelyingonabeachorsomebodyhandingyouacocktail.Forsomebodyelse,itcouldbeawild,emptycoast.Butthereisthisreallyhumansenseof:'Oh,look,there'sthesea-andtheshouldersdrop."4.Whyarebluespaceslesspopularthangreenspaces?A.Becausegreenspacesaregoodtopeople'shealth.B.Becauselittleresearchhasbeendoneonbluespaces.C.Becausegreenspaceshavemorebenefitsthanbluespaces.D.Becausethebenefitsofgreenspacesarebetteradvertised.5.WhereisbluespacesuperiortoothernaturalenvironmentsaccordingtoWhite?A.Wherethere'swater,there'sfreshair.B.Peoplelivingnearwaterarehealthier.C.Watercanhelppeoplerestorementalhealth.D.Theseacanmakepeoplelostindeepthought.6.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Theseawillbringyouloneliness.B.Theseawillhurtyourshoulder.C.Theseawillputyouatease.D.Theseawillmakeyoufeeldown.7.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Peopleincitiesprefergreenspaces.B.Bluespaceshelpbothphysicallyandmentally.C.Greenspaceshavebeenoutofdate.D.Waystokeepushealthy.【答案】4.D5.C6.C7.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了探討表明水對人的身體和精神健康好處以及具體有什么好處。【4題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段“stressed-outpeoplelivingincitieshavebeenseekingprotectioningreenspacesfortheprovenpositiveimpactsonphysicalandmentalhealth,butthebenefitsof"bluespace"arelesswelladvertised”（生活在城市的壓力大的人們始終在綠色空間尋求愛護，因為其對身體和精神健康的主動影響已經(jīng)被證明白，但是藍色空間的好處沒有被好好地宣揚。）可知，藍色空間沒有綠色空間受歡迎的緣由是沒有宣揚好。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Third-andthisiswherebluespaceseemstohaveanadvantageoverothernaturalenvironments-waterhasapsychologicalrecoveryeffect.”（第三—這好像是藍色空間比其他自熱環(huán)境有優(yōu)勢—水有精神治愈的作用。）可知，據(jù)White所說，藍色空間比其他自然環(huán)境好在水能幫助人們復原精神健康。故選C?！?題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段內(nèi)容和其中的關鍵句“Togototheseameanslettinggo”（去海邊意味著放下。）可以推想，大?？梢允鼓愀械椒潘伞９蔬xC?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。本文共五段，第一段引入話題：科學表明水對人的身體和精神有好處；后四段講解并描述兩位學者的觀點，具體說明水（藍色空間）對人的身體和精神健康哪些好處。故選B。CKevinRandall,ateacher,whoteachesbiologyatGrandvilleHighSchool,runstheenvironmentalclubatthehighschool,whichhasaround2,000students.TheclubisknownastheGHSGreenTeam,anditaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持續(xù)性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.Oneoftheclub'srecentprojectsfocusedonreducingwasteintheschoolcafeteria.Randallsaidtheircafeteriasupervisortoldthemthattheschoolwentthrough54,000plasticforkseveryyear.Theclubappliedforafinancialhelp,builtrecyclingcentersforthecafeteria,andpurchasedmetalsilverware.Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables.(一次性用品),“andthat'sjustonewaywe'retryingtocapturethelow-hangingfruit,ifyouwill,"Randallsaid.TheeffortsofRandallandhisstudentshaveearnedGrandvilleHighSchooltheMichiganGreenSchoolcertificationfromthestate.Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,andleadscleanupsonsiteandoutinthecommunity.Overtheyears,Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太陽能板)ontheroofofthehighschool.Randallsaidhewasmotivatedtotaketheleadonenvironmentalissuesforhisschoolbecausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(利害攸關）whenitcomestoclimatechange.＂AndIalsofeltlikeIneededtodomoreinmylifeformyowntwochildrenathome,"Randalladded,"Theyneedtoknowthattheirdadisworkingashardashecantoreducetheeffectsofclimatechange,andtospreadtheword,andtomakesurethatotherstudentsouttherearelearningaboutthisjustthewaytheyareathome."8.WhatisthepurposeoftheGHSGreenTeamclub?A.Toinspirestudents'loveforbiology.B.Tofinishtheprojectsassignedbyschool.C.Topreparestudentsfortheirfuturejobs.D.Topromoteenvironmentalprotection.9.What'stheresultoftheprojectonschoolcafeteria?AIthaschangedtheoutlookofthecafeteria.B.Studentscanhavemorefruitsinthecafeteria.C.Plasticforksarenolongerusedinthecafeteria.D.Theschoolhasbecomefamousnationwide.10.What'sthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theclassificationoftheprojects.B.Thecharacteristicsoftheclub.C.Theactivitiesorganizedbytheclub.D.Thefutureoftheclub.11.WhatwasRandall'saimbydoingtheworkonenvironmentalissues?.A.Toeducatetheyoung.B.Togetmaterialrewards.C.Toamusehischildren.D.Tomakehimselffamous.【答案】8.D9.C10.C11.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講解并描述了KevinRandall老師在學校組織了一個環(huán)保俱樂部，帶領學生進行環(huán)境愛護相關的活動及成就，提高學生環(huán)境愛護意識的故事。【8題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段“itaimstoraiseawarenessamongstudentsandteachersaboutsustainability(持續(xù)性).Italsoworksonprojectstoreducetheenvironmentalfootprintofthebuildingitself.”（它旨在增加學生們和老師們關于可持續(xù)發(fā)展的意識。它也致力于削減建筑本身的環(huán)境面積的項目。）可知，theGHSGreenTeamclub的目的在于促進環(huán)境愛護。故選D?！?題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Andnoweverystudentusesadurablemetalforkoraspooninsteadofdisposables.(一次性用品),”（現(xiàn)在每個學生都運用耐用的金屬餐叉或勺子，而不是一次性餐具。）可知，學校餐廳項目的結(jié)果是餐廳不再運用塑料餐具。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容，“Inadditiontotheirworkreducingwasteinthecafeteria,”、（除了他們削減餐廳廢物的垃圾的工作，）“theGHSGreenTeamhasalsobuiltagardenwithflowersandvegetablesoncampus,”、（theGHSGreenTeam還在校內(nèi)里建立了有鮮花和蔬菜的花園）“Randallandhisstudentshavealsobeenworkingonraisingmoneytoinstallsolarpanels(太陽能板)ontheroofofthehighschool”，（蘭德爾和他的學生也始終在籌集資金為了在中學屋頂安裝太陽能電池板）可知第四段的主要介紹了這個俱樂部組織的活動有哪些。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段“becausehewantedhisstudentstohavesomeonetoturntointhebuildingwhounderstandswhat'satstake(利害攸關）whenitcomestoclimatechange.”（因為他想要讓他教學樓里的學生能夠變成理解氣候改變的利害相關的人。）可知，Randall的目的在于教化年輕人。故選A。DHybridcarsarecarsthatrunonbothpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryandelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower.Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexamplewhengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestocopewithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Mostofthetime,thishighenginecapacityisnotneeded,buttheenginecontinuesburningupfuel.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,boostedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.Hybridcarsarealsolighterandaerodynamically(空氣動力學的）designedforgreaterfuelefficiency.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof"regenerativebraking(剎車）＂。Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbytheslowingcaristransformedintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.Carmanufacturersandengineershavebeenexperimentingwithelectricandhybridcarssincethelate19thcentury.In1928FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcarthatusedbothaninternalburningengineandelectricmotors.Thefirstmass-producedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However,HybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999,whentheHondaInsightwentonsale.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyinitiativesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,anddon'thavetopayoncertaintollroads(收費馬路）。Insomecitiesaroundtheworld,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree.12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph2?A.Hybridcarsdon'tneedpetrolanymore.B.Petrolengineandelectricmotorworkalltheway.C.Hybridcarsmainlydependonelectricpowertorun.,D.Somehybridcarpetrolengineswillquitwhenunnecessary.13.WhichisNOTthereasonwhyhybridcarsconsumelessenergy?A.Smallerpetrolengines.B.Scientificdesign.C.Conventionalbrakes.D.Energystorage.14.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.Hybridcarsarecheapertobuy.B.Hybridcarownersdon'thavetopaytax.C.Hybridcarownersdon'tneedtopayparkingfee.D.Hybridcarswillhaveabrightfuture.;15.What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Toadvertisehybridcars.B.Tointroducehybridcars.C.Tocompareconventionalcarsandhybridcars.D.Toinformthedevelopmentofhybridcars.【答案】12.D13.C14.D15.B【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了混合動力車的概念，優(yōu)勢，發(fā)展歷史，以及各地一些關于混合動力車的政策?！?2題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,”（在一些混合動力中，汽油發(fā)動機在不須要的時候會自己關閉。）可知，一些混合動力車汽油發(fā)動機在不必要的時候會停止運行。故選D?！?3題詳解】細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)“Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof“regenerativebraking(剎車)”。Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.”（另一種削減燃料消耗的方式是通過“再生制動”系統(tǒng)。這個電動機是用來使車減速，而不是傳統(tǒng)的剎車。）可知，傳統(tǒng)的剎車不是混合動力車消耗較少的緣由。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段內(nèi)容：混合動力車運用起來花費更便宜因為它們運用更少的燃料。很多地方發(fā)出了激勵人們購買混合動力車的倡議。在某些國家，混合動力車繳納更少的稅，并且在一些收費馬路上不必支付費用。在世界各地的一些城市中，混合動力車允許免費停車?？芍旌蟿恿囉幸粋€光明的將來。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。本篇文章主要介紹了混合動力車的概念，優(yōu)勢，發(fā)展歷史，以及各地一些關于混合動力車的政策，可推想作者寫這篇文章的目的是為了向我們介紹混合動力車。故選B。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.___16___Solet'stryasimplethoughtexperiment.Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.___17___Maybeyou'dpickupahobby,orhavemorechildren,orlearntorelaxandenjoyyourselfintheadditionalleisure.ButwhatifItoldyouthatyouwouldn'tdoanyofthosethings:Youwouldjustworktheexactsameamountoftimeasbefore.___18___Buttherearesimplereasonsforthis.Bettertechnologymeanshigherexpectations-andhigherexpectationscreatemorework.Formostofhistory,humanswereforcedtosufferfromtheirowndirtyandunpleasantsubstances.Mostfamilies'clotheswerewashedtwiceayear.Thefleetofhouseworktechnologiesthatcameintotheworldsuddenlybetweenthelate-19thandmid-20thcenturycreatednewnorms(標準）ofcleanliness－forourfloors,ourclothes,ourselves.___19___Automaticwashersanddryersraisedourexpectationsforcleanclothesandencouragedpeopletogooutandbuynewshirtsandpants;housewivesthereforehadmoreloadsoflaundrytowash,dry,andfold.Inshort,technologymadeitmucheasiertocleanahouseto1890sstandards.___20___Theywantedamodernhome-withdustlesswindowsills(窗臺）andshinyfloors-andthisdustlessshinyrequireda40-to-50-hourworkweek,evenwiththeassistanceofmoderntools.A.Youarewastingyourtime.B.Thismightseemimpossible.CNewnormsmeantmorework.D.Whatwouldyoudowiththeextratime?E.Thatmeansyoucanhavemoretimetorelax.F.Everybodyisbusy,burnedout,overloaded.G.Butbymid-century,Americansdidn'twantthatoldhouse.【答案】16.F17.D18.B19.C20.G【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了為什么技術不斷發(fā)展，人還是越來越忙的緣由?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上一句“Onetruthaboutmodernlifeisthatnobodyhasanytime.”（關于現(xiàn)代生活的一個真相是沒人有時間。）可推想，接下來應當講為什么人沒有時間，承接上文。故選F?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文內(nèi)容“Imaginethatyoucameintopossessionofamagicalnewsetoftechnologiesthatcouldautomateorpromoteeverysinglepartofyourjob.”（想象一下你擁有一套奇妙的、新的、能夠使你工作自動化或者促進你的工作的技術。）和下文“Maybeyou'dpickupahobby”（或許你會起先學習一個愛好。）此空承上啟下，故推想詢問：這些額外的時間你會做什么。故選D。【18題詳解】上文說到：假設你的工作自動化了或效率提高了，你還會和之前工作的時間一樣長。此空應當表達不信任、不合理、不行能發(fā)生的意義。故選B?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文內(nèi)容：自動洗衣機和甩干機提高了我們清潔衣服的期望，激勵了人們購買更多的衣服，于是家庭主婦有了更多的衣服要洗，甩干，整理。再結(jié)合上文提到家務技術創(chuàng)建了新標準，推想此空含義為：新的標準帶來了更多的工作。故選C?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)上一句：科技使清潔房子達到1890年的標準更簡單了；以及下文介紹的他們想要的房子的樣子。再結(jié)合文章大意，隨著科技的進步，標準的提高，人的要求也隨之變高。推想此空指他們不想要達到90年頭標準的舊房子。故選G。其次部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Thevictimswerecarriedinonebyone,theirpawsandfurburned,sufferingfromdehydration(脫水）andfear.Theircaretakers___21___theirwounds,and___22___theminbasketswiththeonlythingthatwas___23___theleavesofeucalyptus(桉樹）tree.Asmiserablefireshave.___24___morethan2millionacresinAustralia,onlydozensofkoalashavebeen___25___fromthesmokytreesand___26___ground.Koalas,unlikekangaroos,birdsorsnakes,donot___27___.fromfiresbutinsteadclimbtreestothetop,wheretheycancurlthemselvesintoaballfor___28___andwaitforthedangerto___29___Butduringbigfiressuchasthosethathaveburnedinrecentweeks,theanimalsarefarlesslikelyto___30___Evenifthefireitselfdoesnotreachthetree___31___,theanimalsmayoverheatandfalltotheground,wheretheycanbeburnedtodeath.Thetoughsituationofthekoalahasraised___32___amongscientistsandconservationists(環(huán)保主義者）。Whilekoalashavedevelopedtoexistalongsidethewildfires,theyarefacingnew___33___,notjustfromclimatechangebutalsofromhumandevelopment,whichhasdislocatedKoalas'populations,___34___theirabilitytosurvivefires.Wehavethese___35___animalsnotfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet,andwearekillingthem.Thisisabigwake-upcall.21.A.touched B.treated C.ignored D.discovered22.A.threw B.locked C.laid D.forced23.A.familiar B.plentiful C.beautiful D.expensive24.A.reached B.left C.burned D.trapped25.A.killed B.recognized C.hurt D.rescued26.A.flat B.black C.broad D.safe27.A.escape B.die C.suffer D.rise28.A.balance B.protection C.challenge D.comfort29.A.attack B.come C.pass D.avoid.30.A.jump B.climb C.fall D.survive31.A.top B.leaves C.trunk D.root32.A.passion B.concern C.fear D.interest33.A.chances B.choices C.neighbors D.threats34.A.weakening B.developing C.enriching D.ensuring35.A.lonely B.stupid C.lazy D.unique【答案】21.B22.C23.A24.C25.D26.B27.A28.B29.C30.D31.A32.B33.D34.A35.D【解析】這是一篇記敘文。講解并描述澳大利亞的一場大火造成很多動物受傷，其中考拉傷亡嚴峻，這次火災警示世人愛護動物。【21題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它們的護理人員治療它們的傷口。A.touched觸摸；B.treated治療；C.ignored忽視；D.discovered發(fā)覺。由上文可知它們被火燒傷了，依據(jù)關鍵詞caretakers，可知是對傷口進行治療。故選B。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：把它們當心地放入帶有唯一熟識的東西—桉樹的葉子的籃子里。A.threw扔；拋；B.locked鎖上；C.laid（尤指輕輕地或當心地）放置，安放，D.forced強迫。它們受傷了，醫(yī)護人員治療后會當心地放入籃子里。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：把它們當心地放入帶有唯一熟識的東西—桉樹的葉子的籃子里。A.familiar熟識的；B.plentiful足夠的；豐富的；C.beautiful漂亮的；D.expensive昂貴的。由下文可知這些受傷的動物是考拉，故它們對桉樹的葉子是熟識的。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于凄慘的火災在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過了兩百萬英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧充滿的樹木中和黑色的土地上，被營救。A.reached到達；B.left離開；C.burned燃燒；D.trapped困住。由miserablefires可知是燃燒。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于凄慘的火災在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過了兩百萬英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧充滿的樹木中和黑色的土地上，被營救。A.killed殺死；B.recognized辨別出；C.hurt損害；D.rescued營救。由上文護理人員治療考拉，可知是考拉從大火中被營救。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：由于凄慘的火災在澳大利亞燃燒（范圍）已經(jīng)超過了兩百萬英畝，只有幾十只考拉，從煙霧充滿的樹木中和黑色的土地上，被營救。A.flat平坦的；B.black黑色的；C.broad寬敞的；D.safe平安的。由上文可知，火災特別嚴峻，樹木煙霧充滿，大地被燒焦，因此是黑色的。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥類或者蛇不同，它們不會從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團以愛護自己，然后等待危急過去。A.escape逃脫；B.die死亡；C.suffer受苦；D.rise上升。由下文可知，考拉爬到樹頂愛護自己，因此說它們不像袋鼠，鳥類或者蛇那樣能從火災中逃脫。故選A?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥類或者蛇不同，它們不會從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團以愛護自己，然后等待危急過去。A.balance平衡；B.protection愛護；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.comfort舒適。在火中，它們爬上樹頂，蜷縮成一團是為了愛護自己。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉，與袋鼠、鳥類或者蛇不同，它們不會從火中逃脫，而是爬到樹頂，在那兒，它們蜷縮成一團以愛護自己，然后等待危急過去。A.attack攻擊；B.come來；C.pass結(jié)束；D.avoid.避開?？祭幌翊?、鳥類或者蛇那樣逃脫，它們只能爬上樹頂，蜷縮成團，等著火災的結(jié)束。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：動物存活的可能性很小。A.jump跳；B.climb爬；C.fall落下；D.survive存活。由下文可知，即使火沒有燒到樹頂，動物們也會因為過熱掉落到地上，被燒死。所以是很難存活。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：即使大火沒有燒到樹頂。A.top頂；B.leaves葉子；C.trunk樹干；D.root根。由前文可知，考拉是爬到樹頂躲避大火。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：考拉的艱難境況引起了科學家和環(huán)保主義者的擔憂。A.passion熱忱；B.concern擔憂；C.fear膽怯 ；D.interest愛好?？祭脑馐芰嘶馂?，科學家和環(huán)保主義者應當是擔憂的。故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管考拉從這場野火中存活下來，它們還面臨新的威逼，不止是來自氣候改變，也來自人類的發(fā)展，這擾亂了考拉的種群，減弱了它們從大火中存活的實力。A.chances機會；B.choices選擇；C.neighbors鄰居；D.threats威逼。上文提到的野火對考拉來說是生存的威逼，可知下文提到氣候改變，人類發(fā)展是它們面對的新的威逼。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：不止是來自氣候改變，也來自人類的發(fā)展，這擾亂了考拉的種群，減弱了它們從大火中存活的實力。A.weakening減弱；B.developing發(fā)展；C.enriching使豐富；D.ensuring確保。由上文可知，人類的發(fā)展是考拉新面對的威逼，帶來的是不好的影響，因此是減弱了生存的實力。故選A。【35題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們擁有這些獨一無二的、在這個星球任何其它地方都找不到的動物。A.lonely可愛的；B.stupid愚蠢的；C.lazy懶散的；D.unique獨一無二的。由下文“notfoundanywhereelseonthisplanet”，可知是獨一無二的。故選D。其次節(jié)：（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。About1.4billionpeoplearoundtheworlddonotgetenoughphysicalexercise.Thisnumbercomes___36___theUnitedNations'WorldHealthOrganization(WHO).AnewWHOreportwarnsthatalackofexercise___37___(great)increasestheriskofhealthproblems.TheWHOsaysthenewstudyisthefirst___38___(estimate)physicalactivitytrendsaroundtheworldovertime.Thereportsaidthelevelsofphysicalinactivityaremorethantwotimesashighin___39___(wealth)countriesastheyareincountrieswherepeopleearnlowwages.Inrichercountries,peoplearemorelikelytospendtime___40___（sit)inoffices.Howmuchactivityshouldweget?Tostayhealthy,thereport___41___(suggest)thatpeopledoatleast150minutesofmoderate(適中的）physicalactivityor75minutesofintensephysicalactivityeveryweek.Ifyouworkinahigh-riseofficebuilding,takethestairsinsteadofanelevator.Takemore___42___(break)duringtheworkdayandmovearound.Ifyourworkplaceoffers___43___gym,makesuretouseit.Italsourgesgovernmentstoprovideandcareforinfrastructure(基礎設施），suchasbetterand___44___(safe)roads.Thiswouldhelpsupportincreasedwalking___45___cyclingfortransportation,aswellassportsandphysicalrecreation.【答案】36.from37.greatly38.toestimate39.wealthy40.sitting41.suggests42.breaks43.a44.safer45.and【解析】這是一篇說明文。介紹了聯(lián)合國世界衛(wèi)生組織的一篇報道，報道指出全球14億人缺乏熬煉，并針對如何保持健康提出建議?！?6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：這個數(shù)字來自聯(lián)合國世界衛(wèi)生組織。固定短語comefrom意為“來自”。故填from?！?7題詳解】考查副詞。副詞修飾動詞，此空修飾動詞increases，因此把形容詞great變?yōu)楦痹~greatly。故填greatly?！?8題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。the加序數(shù)詞加todo不定式。故填toestimate?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。形容詞修飾名詞作定語。此空修飾空后的名詞countries，應用形容詞，因此將名詞wealth變成形容詞wealthy。故填wealthy?！?0題詳解】考查動名詞。固定短spendtimedoingsth.意為“花費時間做某事”。故填sitting?！?1題詳解】考查主謂一樣。主語thereport是單數(shù)，謂語動詞suggest應用單三形式。故填suggests。【42題詳解】考查名詞復數(shù)。前面定語為more，意為更多的，后接名詞復數(shù)。故填breaks?！?3題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：假如你工作的地方會供應一個運動場地。表示泛指，用不定冠詞。故填a?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級。and是連詞，表并列關系，and前是better，形容詞比較級，則and后也應當是比較級。故填safer?！?5題詳解】考查連詞。句意：這將有助于支持增加步行和騎自行車的交通方式，以及體育和體育消遣。此處walking和cycling是并列關系。故填and。第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)：應用文寫作（滿分15分）46.假定你是李華，你校近期成立了“孔子思想探討”網(wǎng)上俱樂部（Confucianismonlineclub).你的摯友Tom對中國文化很感愛好，請你給他寫一封郵件，邀請他加入該俱樂部。留意：1.詞數(shù)80字左右；2.可以適當增加細微環(huán)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTom:KnowingthatyouareextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojoinintheConfucianismonlineclubestablishedbyourschoolrecently.Theclubpossessesvariouscharacteristics.Firstofall,weholdregularsessions,studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.What’smore,professorsrelatedarefrequentlyinvitedtogivespeechesonConfucianismonline,thusprovidingclubmemberswithavastoftraditionalknowledge.AsfarasI’mconcerned,theclubisofgreatsignificanceandhelpforyoutogainabetterunderstandingofChineseculture.I’dappreciateitifyoucouldtakemyinvitationintoconsiderationseriously.Ihavetheconfidencethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.YoursLiHua【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文。要求考生給摯友寫一封邀請信，邀請他加入“孔子思想探討”網(wǎng)上俱樂部?！驹斀狻康谝徊剑好鞔_要求。本篇書面表達要求寫一封邀請信，那么依據(jù)題目要求，可把本文分為3段。第一段寫寫邀請信的目的和緣由。其次段寫“孔子思想探討”網(wǎng)上俱樂部的優(yōu)勢和加入的好處。第三段寫自己希望摯友仔細考慮和等待回復。其次步：列關鍵詞。如“bekeenon，withtheintentionof,hasaprofoundinfluenceon,traditionalknowledge,take…intoconsideration，makegreatprogress”。第三步：連詞成句。依據(jù)列出的關鍵詞造句，留意主謂一樣，時態(tài)語態(tài)等語法。第四步：連句成文。留意運用恰當?shù)倪B詞進行句子之間的連接與過渡，如“Firstofall，What’smore”。書寫肯定要規(guī)范清楚，保持整齊美觀的卷面是特別重要的?！军c睛】本文邏輯清楚，語言美麗。寫作詞匯積累可參考關鍵詞部分。本文運用的高級句型有：非謂語動詞作狀語：KnowingthatyouareextremelykeenonChineseculture,I’mmorethandelightedtowritetoyouwiththeintentionofinvitingyoutojoinintheConfucianismonlineclubestablishedbyourschoolrecently.定語從句：studyingthestatementsofConfucius,whohasaprofoundinfluenceonChinesephilosophy.其次節(jié)：讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）47.閱讀下面短文，依據(jù)所給情節(jié)進行續(xù)寫，使之構(gòu)成一個完整的故事。Onespringmorningmanyyearsago,IhadbeenprospectingforgoldalongCohoCreek.AsIemergedfromaforest,Ifrozeinmytracks.Nomorethan20pacesawayinthebog(泥塘）wasahugeAlaskantimberwolf-caughtinoneofTrapperGeorge'straps.OldGeorgehaddiedthepreviousweekofaheartattack,sothewolfwaslucky.Confusedandfrightenedatmyapproach,thewolfbackedaway,pullinghardonthetrapchain.ThenInoticedsomethingelse:Itwasafemale,andherteats(奶頭）werefullofmilk.Somewheretherewasaden(窩）ofhungrypupswaitingfortheirmother.Fromherappearance,Iguessedthatshehadbeentrappedonlyafewdays.Thatmeantherpupswereprobablystillalive.ButIsuspectedthatifItriedtoreleasethewolf,shewouldturnaggressiveandtrytotearmetopieces.SoIdecidedtosearchforherpupsinsteadandbegantolookforincomingtracksthatmightleadmetoherden.Fortunately,therewerestillafewremainingpatchesofsnow.Thetracksledahalfmilethroughtheforest,andIfinallyspottedtheden.Therewasn'tasoundinside.Wolfpupsareshyandcautious,andIdidn'thavemuchhopeoftrickingthemoutside.ButIhadtotry.SoIbegancopyingthesqueak(吱吱聲）ofamotherwolfcallingheryoung.Noresponse.Afewmoments,later,afterItriedagain,fourtinypupsappeared.Iextendedmyhands,andtheytentatively(摸索性地）suckledatmyfingers.Perhapshungerhadhelpedovercometheirnaturalfear.Then,onebyone,Iplacedtheminabagandheadedback.Whenthemotherwolfspottedme,shestoodstraight.Possiblypickingupthescent(氣味）ofheryoung,sheletoutasorrow-strickencrying.Ireleasedthepups,andtheyracedtoher.Withinseconds,theywereslurp