上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)二?？荚囋囶}含解析

PAGE30-上海市長(zhǎng)寧區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)二模考試試題（含解析）（考試時(shí)間120分鐘；滿分140分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1A.Inahotel.B.Inagarden.C.Inapark.D.Inacafé.2.A.Classmates.B.Coachandathlete.C.Partners.D.Teacherandstudent.3.A.$150.B.$200.C.$300.D.$600.4.A.Hehasn’tstartedtoread.B.Heisafastreader.C.Thebookisveryattractive.D.Thebookisnottoolong.5.A.Taketheclothesoutofthedryer.B.Doherlaundryonceagain.C.Examinethedryerformaintenance.D.Dryherclothesfortwentymoreminutes.6A.Hissweaterisnotwarmenough.B.Thewomanshouldhavewornasweater.C.Hiscoatissimilartothewoman’s.D.Thewomanneedn’thavebroughtthecoat.7.A.Callthelocalhotelsagaininafewdays.B.Haveherparentsstayoncampus.C.PhonetheLakeDistrictInnforareservation.D.Lookforvacantroomsnearthecampus.8.A.Themanshouldhaveattendedtheclass.B.Shehasalreadyfinishedherreport.C.Themanhasenoughtimetofinishhisreport.D.Shewillhelpthemanwithhisoutline.9.A.Theplanewillleaveat9:30sharp.B.Thedeparturetimeremainsunknown.C.Thewomanhasjustmissedherplane.D.Themechanicalproblemshavebeenfixed.10.A.Themanonlyfilledhistankhalffull.B.Thecarhasrunoutofgasoline.C.Thecarisbreakingdownontheway.D.Themancan’treadtheinstrument.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageandconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.BustoursaroundsomefascinatingEuropeancities.B.VoyageswithinterestingstopsontheDanubeRiver.C.JourneystosomemagnificentoperahousesinAustria.D.BicycleridesthroughbeautifulcountrysideinGermany.12.A.Nuremberg.B.Melk.C.Vienna.D.Budapest.13.A.Agoodwaytoexplorethecityisgoingonafreebustour.B.Ruinsandremainsareeverywheretobeseeninthecity.C.Thecitygotitsnamefromtwoonceseparatetowns.D.Itisahistoriccityfullofamusicalatmosphere.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Theyarethefirstthree-brothergrouptorowacrosstheAtlantic.B.TheycrossedtheAtlanticwithoutthehelpofelectronicdevices.C.Theyaretheonlybagpipesplayersamongthecompetitors.D.Theyarrivedsixteendaysearlierthantheircompetitors.15.A.Theywerelefthomewithchargingcables.B.Theyaccidentallyfellintotheocean.C.Theyweredamagedbysaltyseawater.D.Theyallhadgotdeadbatteries.16.A.Hedesignedtheengineoftheirrowingboat.B.Heaskedhisbrotherstotakeupthechallenge.C.HeorganisedacharitynamedChildrenFirst.D.Heregardedtherowingasapreciousexperience.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Thedefinitionofresponsibility.B.Goodmannersinpublic.C.Theequalityofhusbandandwife.D.Traditionalviewsonmarriage.18.A.Sharinghousework.B.Tendingchildren.C.Guardinghome.D.Makingmoney.19A.Menshouldtreatwomenlikebabydollsintheirfamilylife.B.Menshouldhavemoresocialresponsibilitiesthanwomen.C.Womenshouldsupporttheirfamiliesaswell.D.Womenshouldbetreatedequallyinpublic.20.A.Menshouldobservetheruleofladyfirst.B.Husbandshouldtreathiswifelikeafriend.C.Rolesofmanandwomaninafamilyshoulddiffer.D.Husbandandwifeshouldbothearntheirownliving.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.ThefamilywhoeatstogetherWhat’sthepriceofafamilymeal?Formanyfamiliesintheworld’swealthiestcountries,theanswerseemstobe,‘toomuch’.Forinstance,intheUnitedStates,___1___isoftenatrendsetterinsuchthings,themajorityoffamiliesreporteatingasinglemealtogetherfewerthanfivedaysaweek.Infact,thefrequencyofsharedmeals___2___(decrease)inAmericanfamiliesby33percentoverthelasttwentyyears.Themeals___3___haveshortenedtoo:fromanaverageof90minutestojust12minutes.Soperhapswe’rebetteroffaskingourselves___4___thecostofnoteatingtogetheris.Onceagain,wecouldturntothefigures.TheOrganizationforEconomicCooperationandDevelopmenthasfoundthat15-year-oldswhoreportednotregularly___5___(share)familymealsweretwiceaslikelytobeabsentfromschool.InEurope,researchhassuggestedthatchildrenwhodon’teatdinnerwiththeirparentsatleasttwiceaweekfacea40percenthigherriskoffatness.Anotherstudy,___6___(conduct)bytheNationalCenteronAddictionandSubstanceAbuse(濫用)atColumbiaUniversity,foundthatkidswhoeatdinnerwiththeirparentsfiveormoretimesaweekare___7___(likely)tohaveproblemswithdrugsandalcohol.Butthosenumbers,impressive___8___theyseem,maybebesidethepoint.Afterall,havingamealtogetherismorethanjustapreventivemeasure___9___futuremisfortune.Theprimarycostofthefamilymealisalsotheverythingthatmakesitimportant:time.Thetimespenttogetheroverfoodleadstoallthepositiveoutcomesthataremeasuredinthestudies.Thattimespenttogetherhaslessnoticeable—butnolessreal—effectstoo.Sooften,___10___isatthefamilymealthatthefamilyassuch—thefamilyasanorganicunitwithsharedmemoriesandfeelingsandambitions—ismade.【答案】1.which2.hasdecreased3.themselves4.what5.sharing6.conducted7.lesslikely8.as/though9.against10.it【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一家人一起吃飯帶來(lái)的好處。【1題詳解】考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意：例如，在常常引領(lǐng)此類潮流的美國(guó)，大多數(shù)家庭表示，他們每周在一起吃一頓飯的時(shí)間少于五天。依據(jù)isoftenatrendsetterinsuchthings可知此處是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是theUnitedStates，指物，且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，因此要用關(guān)系代詞which。故填which?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：事實(shí)上，在過(guò)去的20年里，美國(guó)家庭共享食物的頻率下降了33%。依據(jù)overthelasttwentyyears可知此句時(shí)態(tài)是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是thefrequencyofsharedmeals，要用單數(shù)形式。故填hasdecreased?！?題詳解】考查代詞。句意：用餐時(shí)間也縮短了：從平均90分鐘縮短到12分鐘。依據(jù)主語(yǔ)Themeals可知此處要用反身代詞themselves，表示用餐本身。故填themselves。【4題詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。句意：因此或許我們最好問(wèn)問(wèn)自己不一起吃飯的代價(jià)是什么。依據(jù)we’rebetteroffaskingourselves可知此處是一個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句，缺少引導(dǎo)詞，由賓語(yǔ)從句中的is可知此處要用what“什么”，且what充當(dāng)is的表語(yǔ)。故填what?！?題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：經(jīng)濟(jì)合作與發(fā)展組織發(fā)覺(jué)，報(bào)告稱不常常與家人一起吃飯的15歲青少年缺課的可能性是其他人的兩倍。依據(jù)share與邏輯主語(yǔ)15-year-olds之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知此處要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填sharing?！?題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：哥倫比亞高校成癮與藥物濫用國(guó)家中心進(jìn)行的另一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)，每周與父母共進(jìn)晚餐五次或五次以上的孩子，不太可能出現(xiàn)毒品和酗酒的問(wèn)題。依據(jù)foundthat可知此處要用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由conduct與邏輯主語(yǔ)Anotherstudy之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，因此要用過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)。故填conducted?！?題詳解】考查形容詞的比較級(jí)。句意：哥倫比亞高校成癮與藥物濫用國(guó)家中心進(jìn)行的另一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)，每周與父母共進(jìn)晚餐五次或五次以上的孩子，不太可能出現(xiàn)毒品和酗酒的問(wèn)題。固定短語(yǔ)belikelytodo“很有很可能做某事”，依據(jù)whoeatdinnerwiththeirparentsfiveormoretimesaweek可知此處要用形容詞的比較級(jí)，表示“不太可能”。故填lesslikely。【8題詳解】考查連詞。句意：但是，盡管這些數(shù)字看起來(lái)令人印象深刻，但它們可能無(wú)關(guān)緊要。依據(jù)impressive和theyseem可知此處是形容詞放在句首的半倒裝句，依據(jù)句意可知連詞as/though“雖然，盡管”符合題意。填as/though?！?題詳解】考查介詞。句意：終歸，一起吃飯不僅僅是預(yù)防將來(lái)不幸的措施。依據(jù)futuremisfortune可知此處要用介詞against，表示“抵擋，預(yù)防”。故填against?！?0題詳解】考查代詞。句意：通常狀況下，正是在家庭聚餐中，家庭作為一個(gè)有機(jī)的整體，擁有共同的記憶、情感和志向。依據(jù)isatthefamilymealthat可知此處是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是atthefamilymeal，因此要用代詞it。故填it?！军c(diǎn)睛】第2小題考查了現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)：have/has+過(guò)去分詞。主要用法有：1、表示過(guò)去所發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響或產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，著眼點(diǎn)在現(xiàn)在?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)常與不確定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，表示“已發(fā)生”或“未發(fā)生”，如：yet，just，before，recently，once，lately，oflate等；也同表示頻度的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：often，ever，never，sometimes，twice，onseveraloccasions等；也同包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如：now，today，thismorning，thismonth，thisyear等。但不能同特定的過(guò)去時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（in1995，lastyear等）連用。例句：Hehaslosthiswallet.他的錢(qián)包丟了。Whyhaven’tIseenyouallthesemonths?我怎么這么多月沒(méi)望見(jiàn)你呢？We’vehadtoomuchrainthisyear.今年雨水太多。2、表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間起先，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。常同表示包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)間在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如：sofar，uptonow，sincelastyear，foralongtime，allmylife，thesefewdays等。例句：Hehasworkedhereforovertwentyyears.他在這里工作已有20多年了。Uptonow,wehavereceivednonewsfromher.到現(xiàn)在為止，我們沒(méi)有從她那里收到任何消息。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.WearingshoescanweakenanklebonesYourshoesarechangingyourfeet.Theanklesofpeoplewho___11___wearshoesaredifferenttothoseofpeoplewhotendtowalkbarefoot.Inmanyindustrialsocieties,peopletendtowearshoesfromayoungage.However,manypeoplearoundtheworldoftengobarefoot,orwearonlyverythinfootwear.“Weknowthattherearesome___12___inthefeetofmodernhumans,duetotheuseofshoes,”saysRitaSorrentinoattheUniversityofBolognainItaly.Butmost___13___findingsrelatetothefrontandmiddleofthefoot.Sheandherteamhavefocusedontheankleinstead.Theystudied142anklebonesfrom11___14___fromNorthAmerica,AfricaandEurope.These___15___sandal-wearing(穿涼鞋)NgunifarmersinsouthernAfrica,peoplelivinginNewYorkandbonesfromStoneAgehunter-gatherers.Thehunter-gatherers’anklebonesweresignificantlyshorterthanthoseofpeoplelivinginmoderncities,andtherewereotherdifferencesintheshape.“Theyaremostlyrelatedtofootwear-relatedbehavioursandmovementbehaviours,”saysSorrentino.Thehunter-gathererswalkedbarefootforlongdistanceseverydayovernaturalland.Theirankleswererelatively___16___.Incontrast,peoplewholiveinbigcities,whoweartightfootwearandwalkshortdistancesonflatsurfaceslikeconcreteroads,hadmoreunbendingankles.Changestoanklebonestakeplaceoverthecourseofaperson’slife,andthereisnoevidencethatthesealterationscanbepassedon___17___.AccordingtoSorrentino,___18___evidenceforpeoplewearingshoesonlyexistsforthepast10,000years.Forinstance,asandalfromaMissouricavemaybe8300yearsold.Earlyshoeswereallfairlysoft,sowouldn’thave___19___themotionoftheanklemuch.Itisanopenquestionwhethershoeshavedisadvantages,butSorrentino___20___thatthefirmnessofmodernshoescausesourbonestobecomeweakerandmorelikelytosufferfrombreaking.【答案】11.C12.K13.F14.E15.D16.A17.B18.I19.G20.J【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。探討人員通過(guò)探討來(lái)自北美、非洲和歐洲的11個(gè)族群的142塊踝骨發(fā)覺(jué)，習(xí)慣穿鞋的人的腳踝和赤腳走路的人的腳踝是不同的，穿鞋會(huì)減弱踝關(guān)節(jié)。早期的鞋子都相當(dāng)松軟不會(huì)對(duì)腳踝的運(yùn)動(dòng)造成太大的限制，但是現(xiàn)代鞋的堅(jiān)實(shí)性會(huì)使我們的骨骼變得更弱，更簡(jiǎn)潔骨折?！?1題詳解】考查副詞。句意：習(xí)慣穿鞋的人的腳踝和赤腳走路的人的腳踝是不同的。依據(jù)wearshoes可知此處要用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞，habitually“習(xí)慣地，日常地”符合句意。故選C。【12題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：意大利博洛尼亞高校的RitaSorrentino說(shuō)：“我們知道現(xiàn)代人的腳會(huì)有一些變更，這是由穿鞋子造成的?！币罁?jù)根duetotheuseofshoes可知，空處填variation,再依據(jù)some可知此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，variations“變更”符合句意。故選K?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：但之前的大多數(shù)發(fā)覺(jué)都與腳的前部和中部有關(guān)。依據(jù)findings可知此處要用形容詞修飾名詞，previous“之前的”符合句意。故選F。【14題詳解】考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。句意：他們探討了來(lái)自北美、非洲和歐洲的11個(gè)族群的142塊踝骨。依據(jù)from11可知此處要用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式，populations“種群”符合題意。故選E?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這些人包括非洲南部穿涼鞋的恩古尼農(nóng)夫、生活在紐約的人以及石器時(shí)代狩獵采集者的遺骨。依據(jù)主語(yǔ)These可知此處要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，由fromStoneAgehunter-gatherers可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，included“包括”符合句意。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：他們的腳踝相對(duì)敏捷。依據(jù)wererelatively可知此處要用形容詞，flexible“敏捷的”符合句意。故選A。【17題詳解】考查副詞。句意：踝關(guān)節(jié)骨的變更是在人的一生中發(fā)生的，沒(méi)有證據(jù)表明這些變更可以遺傳。依據(jù)canbepassedon可知此處要用副詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，genetically“從遺傳角度，從基因角度”符合句意。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：依據(jù)Sorrentino的說(shuō)法，人們穿鞋的確鑿證據(jù)只存在了1萬(wàn)年。依據(jù)evidence可知此處要用形容詞修飾名詞，solid“牢靠的，確鑿的”符合句意。故選I。【19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞。句意：早期的鞋子都相當(dāng)松軟，所以不會(huì)對(duì)腳踝的運(yùn)動(dòng)造成太大的限制。依據(jù)wouldn’thave可知此處要用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去形式，restricted“限定，限制”符合句意。故選G?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。句意：鞋子是否有缺點(diǎn)還是個(gè)未知數(shù)，但Sorrentino懷疑，現(xiàn)代鞋子的堅(jiān)實(shí)性，會(huì)導(dǎo)致我們的骨骼變得更脆弱，更簡(jiǎn)潔骨折。依據(jù)Itisanopenquestion可知此句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語(yǔ)是Sorrentino，that-此句是賓語(yǔ)從句，因此此處要用謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的第三人稱單數(shù)形式，suspects“懷疑”符合句意。故選J?！军c(diǎn)睛】第5小題考查了一般過(guò)去時(shí)的用法。一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，也可表示過(guò)去常常或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用，如yesterday,lastweek,lastnight,in2003,twodaysago等。Igotupat6:30yesterday.我昨天6:30起床。Myfatherwasverybusylastweek.我父親上周很忙。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Whydosofewpeoplefindfulfillmentintheirwork?AmyWrzesniewski,aYaleSchoolofManagementprofessorwhostudiestheseissues,offeredanexplanationthatmadealotof___21___.Students,shesaid,“thinktheircallingisunderarock,andifthey___22___enoughrocks,theywillfindit.”SurveysconfirmthatmeaningisthetopthingMillennials(千禧一代)saytheywantfromajob.Andyetherresearchshowsthatlessthan50%ofpeopleseetheirworkasacalling.So,manyofherstudentsareleftfeelinganxious,___23___,andcompletelyunsatisfiedbythegoodjobsandcareerstheydosecure.Whatthey—andmanyofus,Ithink—failtorealizeisthatworkcanbe___24___evenifyoudon’tthinkofitasacalling.ThefourmostcommonoccupationsinAmericaareretail(零售)salesperson,cashier,foodpreparer/server,andofficeclerk—jobsthataren’ttypically___25___“meaning.”Butallhavesomethingincommonwiththoseprofessionsthatare,suchasteachersanddoctors:Theyexisttohelpothers.AndasAdamGrant,aprofessorattheUniversityofPennsylvania,hasshown,peoplewhoseetheirworkasaformof___26___alwaysranktheirjobsasmoremeaningful.Thatmeansyoucanfindmeaninginnearlyanyroleinnearlyanyorganization.___27___,mostcompaniescreateproductsorservicestofillaneedintheworld,andallemployeescontributeintheirownways.Thekeyistobecomemoreconsciousabouttheserviceyou’reproviding—___28___andpersonally.How?Onestrategyistoconstantlyremindyourselfofyourorganization’smain___29___.LifeIsGoodisaclothingcompanybestknownforcolorfulT-shirtswithstick-figuredesigns,butitsmissionistospread___30___andhopethroughouttheworld,andthat’ssomethingevenstoreroomemployeesunderstand.Ifyouworkforanaccountingfirm,you’rehelpingpeopleorcompanieswiththe___31___taskofdoingtheirtaxes.Eachjobservesapurposeintheworld.Evenifyoucan’tgetexcitedaboutyourcompany’smissionorcustomers,youcanstilladoptaserviceattitudebythinkingabouthowyourwork___32___thoseyoulove.ConsiderastudyofwomenworkinginashoefactoryinMexico.Researchersfoundthatthosewhodescribedtheworkasdullweregenerallylessproductivethanthosewhosaiditwas___33___.Buttheeffectswentawayforthoseintheformergroupwhosawthework(howeverboring)asawaytosupporttheirfamilies.Withthatattitude,theywerejustasproductiveand___34___astheworkerswhodidn’tmindthetask.Noteveryonefindstheironetruecalling.Butthatdoesn’tmeanwe’refatedtoworkmeaninglessjobs.Ifwe___35___ourtasksasopportunitiestohelpothers,anyoccupationcanfeelmoresignificant.21.A.progress B.trouble C.sense D.difference22.A.carveout B.turnover C.pileup D.keepoff23.A.frustrated B.shocked C.inspired D.excited24.A.meaningful B.demanding C.repetitive D.challenging25.A.distinguishedfrom B.exposedto C.associatedwith D.definedas26.A.understanding B.existing C.producing D.giving27.A.Inconclusion B.Afterall C.Bycomparison D.Inaddition28.A.asawhole B.inthisway C.inpublic D.onaverage29.A.advantage B.business C.objective D.construction30.A.optimism B.information C.designs D.strategies31.A.unpleasant B.dangerous C.productive D.urgent32.A.gathers B.benefits C.worries D.entertains33.A.embarrassing B.rewarding C.rough D.temporary34.A.relaxed B.surprised C.confused D.energized35.A.assign B.abandon C.neglect D.reframe【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.A25.C26.D27.B28.A29.C30.A31.A32.B33.B34.D35.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章通過(guò)提出為什么很少有人能在工作中找到成就感進(jìn)行探討，分析了其緣由以及提出了詳細(xì)怎么做的建議。探討人員發(fā)覺(jué)，這主要是因?yàn)槲覀冎械暮芏嗳硕紱](méi)有意識(shí)到工作可以是有意義的，我們可以在幾乎任何工作的任何角色中找到工作的意義。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：耶魯高校管理學(xué)院探討這些問(wèn)題的教授AmyWrzesniewski給出了一個(gè)有道理的說(shuō)明。A.progress進(jìn)步，發(fā)展；B.trouble麻煩，苦惱，故障；C.sense道理，感覺(jué)，觀念；D.difference差異，不同。短語(yǔ)makesense講得通，有道理，依據(jù)offeredanexplanation可知此處表示有道理的說(shuō)明。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：她說(shuō)，學(xué)生們“認(rèn)為他們對(duì)工作的成就感還沒(méi)有被挖掘出來(lái)，假如被挖掘出來(lái)，就能能找到工作的成就感?！盇.carveout開(kāi)拓；B.turnover把…翻過(guò)來(lái)，翻閱，移交給；C.pileup積累，積累；D.keepoff讓開(kāi)，不接近。依據(jù)theywillfindit可知此處表示要把那些巖石翻開(kāi)。故選B。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，她的很多學(xué)生感到焦慮、懊喪，對(duì)他們所擁有的好工作和職業(yè)完全不滿足。A.frustrated懊惱的，懊喪的；B.shocked震驚的；C.inspired受鼓舞的，品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的；D.excited激烈的。依據(jù)feelinganxious和andcompletelyunsatisfied可知此處用懊喪的符合題意。故選A?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我認(rèn)為，他們和我們中的很多人沒(méi)有意識(shí)到，即使你認(rèn)為工作是有成就感的，它也可能是有意義的。A.meaningful有意義的；B.demanding要求高的，費(fèi)勁的；C.repetitive重復(fù)的；D.challenging挑戰(zhàn)的。依據(jù)failtorealize可知此處表示工作可以是有意義的。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：在美國(guó)，最常見(jiàn)的四種職業(yè)是零售銷(xiāo)售、收銀員、食品加工者/服務(wù)員以及辦公室文員，這些工作與“意義”無(wú)關(guān)。A.distinguishedfrom區(qū)分于；B.exposedto暴露于；C.associatedwith與…相聯(lián)系，與…有關(guān)；D.definedas界定，給…下定義。依據(jù)jobsthataren’ttypically可知此處表示這些工作與“意義”無(wú)關(guān)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)名詞詞義辨析。句意：正如賓夕法尼亞高校教授AdamGrant所表明的，那些把工作視為奉獻(xiàn)的人，總是認(rèn)為自己的工作更有意義。A.understanding理解；B.existing存在；C.producing生產(chǎn)；D.giving賜予，付出，奉獻(xiàn)。依據(jù)Theyexisttohelpothers可知此處表示那些把工作視為奉獻(xiàn)的人，總是認(rèn)為自己的工作更有意義。故選D?！?7題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：終歸，大多數(shù)公司創(chuàng)建產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)來(lái)滿足世界的需求，全部員工都以自己的方式做出貢獻(xiàn)。A.Inconclusion總之，最終；B.Afterall終歸，終究；C.Bycomparison相比之下；D.Inaddition另外，此外。依據(jù)上文Thatmeansyoucanfindmeaninginnearlyanyroleinnearlyanyorganization.可知此處表示終歸之意。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查副詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：關(guān)鍵是要更加意識(shí)到你所供應(yīng)的服務(wù)——既是整體的又是個(gè)人的。A.asawhole總的來(lái)說(shuō)；B.inthisway用這種方法；C.inpublic公開(kāi)地，當(dāng)眾；D.onaverage平均，通常。依據(jù)andpersonally可知此處表示既是整體的又是個(gè)人的。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一種策略是不斷提示自己公司的主要目標(biāo)。A.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)，利益；B.business生意，商業(yè)；C.objective目的，目標(biāo)；D.construction建設(shè)。依據(jù)butitsmissionistospread可知此處表示不斷提示自己公司的主要目標(biāo)。故選C。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：LifeIsGood是一家服裝公司，最出名的是色調(diào)艷麗的T恤和線條設(shè)計(jì)，但它的使命是向全世界傳播樂(lè)觀和希望，這是連貯存室的員工都能理解的。A.optimism樂(lè)觀，樂(lè)觀主義；B.information學(xué)問(wèn)，信息；C.designs設(shè)計(jì)；D.strategies戰(zhàn)略策略。依據(jù)andhopethroughouttheworld可知此處表示它的使命是向全世界傳播樂(lè)觀和希望。故選A?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：假如你在一家會(huì)計(jì)公司工作，你就是在幫助人們或公司完成一項(xiàng)不開(kāi)心的稅務(wù)工作。A.unpleasant使人不開(kāi)心的，厭煩的；B.dangerous危急的；C.productive生產(chǎn)的，多產(chǎn)的；D.urgent緊急的，急迫的。依據(jù)doingtheirtaxes可知對(duì)人們或者公司而言，稅務(wù)工作是不開(kāi)心的。故選A。【32題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：即使你不能對(duì)公司的使命或客戶感到興奮，你仍舊可以通過(guò)思索你的工作如何讓你所愛(ài)的人受益來(lái)實(shí)行一種服務(wù)看法。A.gathers收集，集聚；B.benefits有益于；C.worries擔(dān)憂；D.entertains款待，消遣。依據(jù)thoseyoulove可知此處表示思索你的工作如何讓你所愛(ài)的人受益。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：探討人員發(fā)覺(jué)，那些認(rèn)為工作枯燥的人通常比那些認(rèn)為工作有益的人效率更低。A.embarrassing令人尷尬的；B.rewarding有益的，值得的；C.rough粗糙的，艱苦的；D.temporary短暫的，臨時(shí)的。依據(jù)than可知此處表示兩種看法的對(duì)比，由thosewhodescribedtheworkasdullweregenerallylessproductive可知此處表示那些認(rèn)為工作有益的人。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：有了這種看法，他們就像那些不介意任務(wù)的員工一樣富有成效和精力充足。A.relaxed放松的，自由的；B.surprised感到驚異的；C.confused困惑的；D.energized有活力的。依據(jù)theywerejustasproductive可知此處用有活力的符合題意。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：假如我們把自己的任務(wù)重新定義為幫助他人的機(jī)會(huì)，那么任何職業(yè)都會(huì)讓人感覺(jué)更有意義。A.assign安排，指派；B.abandon遺棄，離開(kāi)；C.neglect忽視，忽視；D.reframe全新地?cái)M定（或表達(dá)），再構(gòu)造。依據(jù)anyoccupationcanfeelmoresignificant可知此處表示把把自己的任務(wù)重新定義。故選D。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)WhenaneditorcalledtoaskifIcouldphotographastoryaboutfirefliesinMexico,Ididn’tcheckmyschedulebeforeIsaidyes.I’dseentheseinsectslightuptheforestsinTlaxcalaoncebefore,andIjumpedatthechancetogoback.Ihadthreenightstocapturethemagicalsceneintheforest.Camerastandinhand,Ihikedwithmycolleaguesintothefoggyforestatdusk.Accordingtoourguides,visitorsareusuallynotallowedtophotographthefirefliesbecausethepresenceofarti?ciallightfromelectronicscanaffecttheirhabits.AsIstartedshooting,Iadjustedmyexposuresconstantlytoaccountforthefadinglight.InordertogetthecompositionthatIwanted,Iplacedmycamerastandonasteep,rockypathandhadtosteadyitduringthelongexposures.Normallythiswouldn’tbeabigdeal,butthe?re?ieswereveryinterestedinthecameraand,byextension,inme.Istoodcompletelystillwhiletheycrawledalloverme—myarms,myhair,myface—andtickled(呵癢)mynoseandcheeks.FromwhatIobserved,peak?re?ypresencehappensforonlyabout20minuteseachnight,soIhadtimeforjustafewtries.Onthelastnighteverythingcametogether.Theweathercooperated.Ihadimprovedmymethodforfocusingandcomposinginthedarkwithquick?ashesfromapowerful?ashlight—andI’dgrownaccustomedtoinsectsonmyface.Iwasrewardedwiththeimageyouseehere.Eachspotoflightisoneofseveralburststhata?re?ymakesasittravelsina30-secondexposure.Youcantracetheinsects’paths:Somemakesmallcircles,likethoseinthebottomcenteroftheframe,whileothersmovesteadilyinonedirectionoranother.The?rsttimeIvisitedthe?re?ies,Ididn’thavethepressureoftryingtocaptureandconveythisastonishingscene.Thatwillalwaysbemyfavoriteexperiencewiththeseshiningcreatures.36.Accordingtothepassage,theauthormostprobablyisa(n)______.A.fieldbiologist B.insectobserverC.expertphotographer D.mountainhiker37.Theauthorplacedthecamerastandonasteepandrockypathto______.A.makeupforthedyinglight B.keepawayfromtheannoyingfirefliesC.obtainanidealimage D.catchpeakfireflypresence38.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethattheauthor______.A.wasaccusedofcapturingwildfirefliesB.enduredphysicallytogetfirst-handfireflyshotsC.wastiredoftheexposuretodarkforestsD.gothismostsatisfyingimageonthesecondnight39.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisexperienceintheforest?A.Fascinating. B.Passionate.C.Surprising. D.Miserable.【答案】36.C37.C38.B39.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。作者是一個(gè)專業(yè)攝影師，受一位編輯之托前去拍攝一篇關(guān)于墨西哥螢火蟲(chóng)的報(bào)道，講解并描述了作者的拍攝過(guò)程以及作者很享受這片充溢了螢火蟲(chóng)的森林景象。【36題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中WhenaneditorcalledtoaskifIcouldphotographastoryaboutfirefliesinMexico,Ididn’tcheckmyschedulebeforeIsaidyes.當(dāng)一位編輯打電話問(wèn)我是否可以拍攝一篇關(guān)于墨西哥螢火蟲(chóng)的報(bào)道時(shí)，我沒(méi)有查看我的日程支配就答應(yīng)了。由此推斷出，作者很可能是一位專業(yè)攝影師。故選C項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中InordertogetthecompositionthatIwanted,Iplacedmycamerastandonasteep,rockypathandhadtosteadyitduringthelongexposures.為了得到我想要的圖像，我把相機(jī)架在陡峭的巖石小道上，在長(zhǎng)時(shí)間曝光的過(guò)程中必需保持相機(jī)的穩(wěn)定?？芍髡甙严鄼C(jī)架在陡峭的巖石小道上是想獲得志向的圖像。故選C項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中Normallythiswouldn’tbeabigdeal,butthe?re?ieswereveryinterestedinthecameraand,byextension,inme.Istoodcompletelystillwhiletheycrawledalloverme—myarms,myhair,myface—andtickled(呵癢)mynoseandcheeks.正常狀況下這沒(méi)什么大不了的，但螢火蟲(chóng)對(duì)相機(jī)很感愛(ài)好，進(jìn)而對(duì)我也很感愛(ài)好。我紋絲不動(dòng)地站著，它們?cè)谖疑砩吓纴?lái)爬去——我的胳膊，我的頭發(fā)，我的臉——呵癢我的鼻子和臉頰。由此推斷出，我們可以從這篇文章中了解到作者為了獲得第一手的螢火蟲(chóng)鏡頭而忍受了身體上的熬煎。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中Thatwillalwaysbemyfavoriteexperiencewiththeseshiningcreatures.那將恒久是我與這些閃閃發(fā)光的生物最喜愛(ài)的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。由此推斷出，作者認(rèn)為他在森林里的經(jīng)驗(yàn)是令人著迷的。故選A項(xiàng)。(B)Allwrittenworkshouldbeproofreadtogiveitthatfinalpolishandprofessionaledge.Businesses,publishers,writersandstudentsarejustafewofthepeoplewhocouldbeyourcustomersifyoulearntoproofreadtoahighstandard.Injustafewshortmonthsourhome-studyContinuingProfessionalDevelopment(CPD)Certificatecourse—withexpertpersonaltuition—teachesyouhowtoproofreadandcopyedittoaprofessionallevel.You’llbrushuponyourpunctuation,spellingandgrammar,learnwhattolookoutforandhowtomarkuponpaperandscreen.Youcanuseyournewskillstoproofreadyourownwork,inyourcurrentjob,oraddthemtoyourrésumétohelpyoufindanewpositionorgainpromotion.Butthat’snotall.Youalsolearnhowtosetupasafreelancerandhowtofindcustomerssoyoucanworkathomeforanextraorfull-timeincomepotentiallyearning?25perhour.Onceyouhavetheskillsthechoiceisyours.Thecourseisidealforbeginnersortouseasarefresher.15-daytrial.Requestyourfreecourseintroduction,withnoobligationtoenroll.Callorclicknow!Specialistcourseonproofreadingandcopyediting.Caringconstructivehelpfromexperttutors.Fourtutor-markedassignments.HelpandadvicefromourexperiencedStudentAdvisoryTeam.Flexiblestudyprogramme.Specialistadviceonhowtofindwork.Enrollwhenitsuitsyou.Instantaccesstocoursematerialwhenyouenrollonline.15daystrial.Adviceonhowtosetyourselfupinbusiness.ContinuingProfessionalDevelopmentCertificate.“Thisisanextremelyhelpfulcoursebothforthosestartingproofreadingandforthosewho,likeme,needtoberemindedofeverythingwehaveforgotten.Aboveall,Ithoroughlyenjoyedthattoneofvoiceoftheauthor—hewriteswithauthoritybutmanagestokeepalighttouch.”DorothyNicolle“IamanEnglishhonoursgraduatebutevensoIdiscoveredthatmygrammarwasnotasperfectasIhadbelieved!AftercompletingtheProofreading&CopyEditingcourseIsetmyselfupasapart-timefreelanceproofreaderwithasmallbandofregularcustomers.”CarolBrowne40.Accordingtothebrochure,“afreelancer”(paragraph3)referstosomeonewho______.A.findscustomersmainlyonline B.getspromotedatworkeasilyC.longsforthefreedomofbeingalone D.worksforoneselfwithaflexibleschedule41.Ifyouareinterestedinthiscoursebuthavenotenrolledyet,youmay______.A.makeyourdecisionafterahalf-monthtry B.havefreeaccesstothecoursematerialC.needtoshowyourCPDCertificate D.helptutorsmarksomehomework42.Itcanbeconcludedfromthebrochurethat______.A.thecourseismorebeneficialtoexpertsthantogreenhandsB.proofreadingandcopyeditingarenormallypaper-pentasksC.thereisagoodmarketforproofreadingandcopyeditingD.high-levelproofreadersandcopyeditorsareraretofind【答案】40.D41.A42.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。本文是一篇廣告，主要是向人們介紹了關(guān)于學(xué)習(xí)校對(duì)和編輯的相關(guān)信息以及其帶來(lái)的好處，呼吁人們報(bào)名學(xué)習(xí)?！?0題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段中Youalsolearnhowtosetupasafreelancerandhowtofindcustomerssoyoucanworkathomeforanextraorfull-timeincomepotentiallyearning?25perhour.你還會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)如何成為一名自由職業(yè)者，如何找到客戶，這樣你就可以在家里工作，賺取每小時(shí)25英鎊的額外或全職收入。由可以在家里工作并賺取每小時(shí)25英鎊的額外或全職收入，可知，依據(jù)手冊(cè)上的介紹，“afreelancer”指的是工作時(shí)間敏捷的“自由職業(yè)者”。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中15-daytrial.Requestyourfreecourseintroduction,withnoobligationtoenroll.15天的試驗(yàn)期。免費(fèi)的課程介紹，不須要注冊(cè)?？芍?，假如你對(duì)這門(mén)課程感愛(ài)好，但還沒(méi)有注冊(cè)，你可以在半個(gè)月的嘗試后做出確定。故選A項(xiàng)。【42題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中Aboveall,Ithoroughlyenjoyedthattoneofvoiceoftheauthor—hewriteswithauthoritybutmanagestokeepalighttouch.最重要的是，我特別喜愛(ài)作者的語(yǔ)氣——他寫(xiě)得很有權(quán)威，文筆輕快。以及最終一段中AftercompletingtheProofreading&CopyEditingcourseIsetmys