湖北省黃岡市黃州區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)適應(yīng)性考試試題含解析

PAGE1-湖北省黃岡市黃州區(qū)2025屆高三英語(yǔ)適應(yīng)性考試試題（含解析）第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inabookstore.B.Inalibrary.C.Inamuseum.2.WhatdoesthewomanwantTimtodoforher?A.Buysomenewfish.B.Changethetank’swater.C.Feedthefish.3.WhatdoesthewomanimplyaboutUncleJim?A.Heeatstoomuch.B.Histablemannersareunbearable.C.Heishumorous.4.Whatdoesthewomanthinktheweatherwillbelike?ACloudy.B.Rainy.C.Sunny.5.Whydoesthemancomebacktothetheater?A.Tolookforsomething.B.Tomeetafriend.C.Towatchaplay.其次節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.WhatisthecolorofredoftenassociatedwithintheUSA?A.Joys.B.Danger.C.Celebrations.7.What’stheoccasionforpeoplewearingredclothesinSouthAfrica?A.Funeral.B.Wedding.C.Birthday.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatisthebiggestproblemtoenvironment?A.Unlimitedpopulationgrowth.B.Overuseofnaturalresources.C.Humanbeings’attitude.9.Whatisthewoman’swayofprotectingtheenvironment?A.Lettingtheenvironmenthealitself.B.Doingenvironmentallyfriendlythingsindailylife.C.Urgingthegovernmenttotakemeasures.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheparty?A.Interestingorganizers.B.Richfood.C.Manyguests.11.Whendidthemanprobablygetbackhome?A.Around10:00p.m.B.Around11:30p.m.C.Around2:00a.m.12.Whatdoesthemanwanttodonow?A.Watchafootballgame.B.Goforadrink.C.Getsomesleep.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whydoesthewomanbringtheproposal?A.Togetherselfapromotion.B.Toimpresstheboardofdirectors.C.Tomakethefactorystaycompetitive.14.Howmuchwilltheproposalcostinmaximum?A.$100,000.B.$500,000.C.$1,000,000.15.Whatdepartmenthasthewomanalreadytalkedwith?A.TheMarketingDept.B.TheSalesDept.C.TheFinanceDept.16.Throughwhatisthefactorydoingadvertisementnow?A.Newspaper.B.TV.C.Website.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoislisteningtothelecture?A.Psychologyteachers.B.Psychologymajors.C.Highschoolstudents.18.Howlongdoeseachlecturelast?A.Onehour.B.Oneandahalfhours.C.Twohours.19.Whatdoesthespeakersayabouttheexams?A.Therewillbesixofthem.B.Eachexamwillinvolveapaperofsixpages.C.Theyareharderthanwhatmightbeexpected.20.Howcanthespeakerbereachedoutsideofclass?A.Mainlybyemail.B.Onlybycallinghimdirectly.C.Bycomingtohisofficeanyday.其次部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AInternationalStudentsHouseInternationalStudentsHouse（ISH）,auniqueclubandaccommodationcenterfoundedin1965,offersarangeofservicestoaidstudentswhiletheyarestudyinginLondon.ItislocatedintheheartofLondon'sWestEndandisclosetoallpublictransportfacilities.Accommodation?Comfortableaccommodationforupto450peopleinsingle,twin,3/4beddedandmulti-beddedrooms?44self-containedflatsformarriedstudentsandfamilies?LongandshortstayswelcomedMembershipClubmembershipisopentoallfull-timestudents.Membershipcostsarekepttoanabsoluteminimumtoenablethewidestpossibleaccess.Youcanjoinforasshortasonemonthandforuptooneyearatatime.MembershipentitlesyoutousethevariousfacilitiesoftheHouse.Ithas:?Restaurants?Clubsandsocieties?Studyrooms?Dance,musicandfilms?Fitnesstraining?Studentbarsandcoffeeshops?Travelandmuchmore!ThebestwaytocheckoutallwehaveonofferistodropinanyTuesdayeveningbetween7.15pmand8:30pmforOpenHouseintheClubRoom.Thisisanopportunityforyoutomeetthestaffandotherclubmembers,enjoyafreecupofcoffeeandfindoutallaboutwhat'sgoingon.Youcantakeadvantageofspecialmembershipoffers.(Usefultip:Bringalong3passport-sizephotographsifyouwishtotakeoutmembership.)TheStudentsAdviserThankstothesupportofSTATravelandinassociationwiththeLondonConferenceonOverseasStudents(LCOS),ISHnowprovidestheserviceoftheStudentsAdviser.ThisnewwelfareserviceisopentoallstudentsatLondon'sacademicinstitutions.ItaimstoprovidewelfaresupporttohelpstudentsovercomeanypersonalorpracticaldifficultiestheymaybeexperiencingwhilestudyinginBritain.OneofthekeyfeaturesoftheserviceisthattheStudentsAdvisercanbeseenduringtheeveningsuntilabout8:00pm,MondaytoThursday.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutISH?A.Ithasahistoryofalmost50years. B.Itisdesignedformarriedstudents.C.Itoffersflexibleaccommodationoptions. D.Itisfarawayfrompublictransportfacilities.2.Whatareyouexpectedtodotobeamember?A.Makeacquaintancewiththestaff B.Obtainspecialmembershipoffers.C.StudyorworkinLondon. D.Comewiththerequiredphotos.3.WhatdoweknowabouttheStudentsAdviser?A.ItsserviceisfreeforstudentsinBritain. B.Itisaccessibleonweekdays.C.Itspurposeistoraiseacademicstandards D.ItgetsaidfromSTATravel.【答案】1.C2.D3.D【解析】本文為一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)國(guó)際留學(xué)生之家的狀況?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Accommodation中Comfortableaccommodationforupto450peopleinsingle,twin,3/4beddedandmulti-beddedrooms單人、雙人、3/4床和多床客房可容納450人；44self-containedflatsformarriedstudentsandfamilies44套供已婚學(xué)生及家庭運(yùn)用的獨(dú)立式公寓；Longandshortstayswelcomed歡迎長(zhǎng)期和短期停留?？芍琁SH供應(yīng)敏捷多樣的住宿。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)Membership中Bringalong3passport-sizephotographsifyouwishtotakeoutmembership.假如您想申請(qǐng)會(huì)員資格，請(qǐng)攜帶3張護(hù)照大小的照片。可知，想成為會(huì)員須要帶上照片。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段ThankstothesupportofSTATravelandinassociationwiththeLondonConferenceonOverseasStudents(LCOS),ISHnowprovidestheserviceoftheStudentsAdviser.由于STA旅游公司的支持，并與倫敦海外學(xué)生會(huì)議合作，ISH現(xiàn)在供應(yīng)學(xué)生顧問(wèn)服務(wù)。及ItaimstoprovidewelfaresupporttohelpstudentsovercomeanypersonalorpracticaldifficultiestheymaybeexperiencingwhilestudyinginBritain.它旨在供應(yīng)福利，幫助學(xué)生克服在英國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)期間可能遇到的任何個(gè)人或?qū)嶋H困難。因此，StudentsAdviser能得到STA旅游公司的幫助。故選D項(xiàng)。BSharonOkpoehaslivedherentire17yearsinMakoko,knownastheworld’slargest“floatingslum(貧民窟)”,builtonalakeinLagos,Nigeria.Okpoe’sfatherisafisherman,andhermothersellssmokedfish.Asmanyastwo-thirdsofthecity’s21millionresidentsliveinslums.“Mostgirlsaretrappedinaterriblecycleofpoverty.Manyofthemarenotthinkingofeducation,aplanforthefuture,”AbisoyeAjayi-Akinfolarin,acomputerprogrammerinLagos,recalls.Butseveraltimesaweek,girlslikeOkpoegetaglimpseofanotherworldwhentheyattendGirlsCoding,afreeprogramrunbythePearlsAfricaFoundationthatseekstoeducateandexcitegirlsaboutcomputerprogramming.Since2012,thegrouphashelpedmorethan400disadvantagedgirlsgainthetechnicalskillsandconfidencetheyneedtotransformtheirlives.It’sthevisionofAjayi-Akinfolarin,wholeftasuccessfulcareertodevoteherselftothiswork.She'dnoticedhowfewwomenworkedinthisgrowingfield-a2013governmentsurveyfoundthatlessthan8%ofNigerianwomenwereemployedintechnologyjobs.Shewantedtofixthegendergap.“Technologyisaspacethat’sdominatedbymen.Whyshouldweleavethattoguys?”shesaid.“Ibelievegirlsneedopportunities.”Now,dozensofgirlsaged10to17gettrainedincomputerprogrammingtechnology.“Ibelieveyoucanstillfinddiamondsintheseplaces,”Ajayi-Akinfolarinsaid.“Theyneedtobeshownanotherlife.”O(jiān)newayherprogramdoesthisisbytakingthestudentstovisittechcompanies—notonlyshowingthemwhattechnologycando,butalsohelpingthemvisualizethemselvesjoiningtheindustry.Okpoe,forone,hastakenthistoheart.ShehelpedcreateanappcalledMakokoFreshthatwentlivethissummer,enablingfishermenlikeherfathertosellseafooddirectlytocustomers.SheevenwantstobecomeasoftwareengineerandhopestostudycomputerscienceatHarvard.“OnethingIwantmygirlstoholdontois,regardlessofwheretheyarecomingfrom,thattheycanmakeit,”Ajayisaid.“Theyarecoders.Theyarethinkers.Theirfutureisbright.”4.WhatcanwelearnaboutGirlsCoding?A.Itencouragesgirlstolandajobineducation.B.ItoffersNigeriangirlsinneedpart-timejobs.C.IthelpsgirlsworkinginLagostofightpoverty.D.ItteachesgirlsinMakokocomputerprogramming.5.WhatdidAjayi-AkinfolarinsayaboutthegrowingfieldinParagraph3?A.Mencoulddofarbetterintechnologyjobs.B.Girlsshouldgetequalworkopportunities.C.Mennormallygotpaidmorethanwomen.D.Girlstendedtodevotethemselvestowork.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph4referto?A.Rebuildingthegirls’confidence.B.Trainingthegirlstofinddiamonds.C.Presentingadifferentlifetothegirls.D.Takingthegirlstotechnologycompanies.7.WhatcanweinferaboutOkpoefromthelastparagraph?A.Shegotfishermentobenefitfromherapp.B.ShewasadmittedtoHarvardUniversity.C.Shetookherfather’ssuggestiontoheart.D.Shemadesomechangestocomputerscience.【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講解并描述了Ajayi-Akinfolarin在貧民窟中教女孩們計(jì)算機(jī)編程技術(shù)，向她們展示另一種生活?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的Butseveraltimesaweek,girlslikeOkpoegetaglimpseofanotherworldwhentheyattendGirlsCoding,afreeprogramrunbythePearlsAfricaFoundationthatseekstoeducateandexcitegirlsaboutcomputerprogramming.可知，但是每周都有好幾次，像奧克坡這樣的女孩參與GirlsCoding，這是一個(gè)由珍寶非洲基金會(huì)運(yùn)營(yíng)的免費(fèi)項(xiàng)目，旨在教化和激發(fā)女孩們對(duì)計(jì)算機(jī)編程的愛(ài)好。由此可知，GirlsCoding在Makoko教女孩計(jì)算機(jī)編程。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段，Ajayi-Akinfolarin留意到在這個(gè)不斷發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域工作的女性很少，她想要彌補(bǔ)性別差異，尤其是Ibelievegirlsneedopportunities.(我認(rèn)為女孩須要機(jī)會(huì))說(shuō)明白在男性主導(dǎo)的這個(gè)不斷發(fā)展的領(lǐng)域中，女孩應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)玫酵鹊墓ぷ鳈C(jī)會(huì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第四段中劃線詞所在句Onewayherprogramdoesthisisbytakingthestudentstovisittechcompanies—notonlyshowingthemwhattechnologycando,butalsohelpingthemvisualizethemselvesjoiningtheindustry.可知，她做這個(gè)的支配的一種方法是通過(guò)學(xué)生訪問(wèn)科技公司——不僅教他們技術(shù)能做什么,還幫助他們想象自己加入這個(gè)行業(yè)。由此可知，指示代詞this指代前文的內(nèi)容，前一句Ajayi-Akinfolarin所說(shuō)的話中Theyneedtobeshownanotherlife.(須要向她們展示另一種生活)。由此推斷出，this指的是給女孩們帶來(lái)不同的生活。故選C項(xiàng)。【7題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段的ShehelpedcreateanappcalledMakokoFreshthatwentlivethissummer,enablingfishermenlikeherfathertosellseafooddirectlytocustomers.可知，她幫助開(kāi)發(fā)了一款名為MakokoFresh的應(yīng)用，該應(yīng)用于今年夏天上線，讓像她父親這樣的漁民可以干脆向客戶銷售海鮮。由此可知，她讓漁民們受益于她的應(yīng)用程序。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】代詞指代題要求同學(xué)們依據(jù)語(yǔ)境的邏輯關(guān)系、推斷劃線的人稱代詞或指示代詞在文章中指代的對(duì)象，包括考查it(指動(dòng)物，無(wú)生命的事物、特定的事務(wù)或人)，they/them(指代人、物、事務(wù)的復(fù)數(shù)名詞)，he/she等人稱代詞的指代意義，以及指示代詞this，that，these，those等在文章中的指代意義，考查同學(xué)們對(duì)文章中敘述特定的人，物，事務(wù)的認(rèn)知實(shí)力。解答這類題時(shí)，同學(xué)們要仔細(xì)閱讀劃線詞所在句和前后接近句的內(nèi)容，分析人稱轉(zhuǎn)換和動(dòng)作變換的具體過(guò)程，理清來(lái)龍去脈和前后的因果關(guān)系，從而精確推斷其指代的對(duì)象。CFromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.Musicissocommonandwidespreadthatmostpeopledon’tevenquestionitanymore.Butuntilrecently,therewereresearcherswhodoubtedit:Howcouldweknowthatmusicwasreallyapartofallknownsocieties?Now,Harvardresearchers,SamuerMehrandManvirSingh,havefoundfurtherevidencetosupporttheargument.Theygatheredmusicfromdifferentcountries,mediaandtimeperiods,andcollecteddescriptionsofmanydifferentpiecesofmusic.Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties,andfoundthatallofthemhavemusicaspartoftheirculture.Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhichpeopletriedtoguessthebehavioralcontextofasong.Thiswentsurprisinglywell.Particularlymusicthatwasintendedfordancingortocalmababywereeasytorecognizeaseitherdancemusicorlullabies.Lovesongswereabitmoredifficulttoqualify,becausetheytendtobeverydiverseevenwithincultures.Thissystematicstudyofconnectionssoundslikethewaythatresearchersinotherfieldswouldstudybiologicalpatterns.“There’safieldknownasculturalphylogenetics,”saysSingh.Whereasbiologicalcharacteristicsareonlyreceivedfromparenttochild,culturalcharacteristics(likemusic)arealsosharedbetweenpeopleofthesamegeneration.Thatmakesitmuchmoredifficulttofigureoutwherethecharacteristichascomefrom.“Finally,”Singhsays,“Westilldon’tknowwhymusicdevelopedgradually.Ourstudyshowsthathumanseverywheresharecognitivemechanisms(認(rèn)知機(jī)制)thatmakecertainsoundsseemappropriateinparticularcontexts.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inparagraph1referto?A.Thefactthatmusicispartofeveryculture.B.Thequestionwhethermusiciswidelyspread.C.Thedoubtwhetherfurtherresearchhasbeendone.D.TheideathatAfricaandtheArctichavecoolmusic.9.WhatdidMehrandSinghdofirst?A.Theyfoundoutfurtherevidence. B.Theystudiedvarioussocieties.C.Theysoughttheoriginsofmusic. D.Theyfocusedmainlyonmusic.10.What’sthepurposeofthelisteningexperiment?A.Tocomfortababy. B.Topickoutlovesongs.C.Tocreateacontext. D.Totellfunctionsofsongs.11.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Musicshapessocietiesindifferentcultures.B.Globalmusicsharescommoncharacteristics.C.Musicalsystemsdisplayculturaldifferences.D.Multi-cultureisbasedonbiologicalpatterns.【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.B【解析】本文為爭(zhēng)論文，介紹世界音樂(lè)的共同特征，探討人員通過(guò)探討發(fā)覺(jué)在全球三百多個(gè)社會(huì)中都發(fā)覺(jué)音樂(lè)作為了他們文化的一部分。從生物遺傳特征來(lái)講還是無(wú)法弄清晰對(duì)音樂(lè)認(rèn)知的特征來(lái)自于哪里，但人類共有的認(rèn)知機(jī)制能夠在特定的環(huán)境（如人類社會(huì)各種活動(dòng)）中給予音樂(lè)生命力，所以，世界各地的音樂(lè)還是擁有共同的特點(diǎn)，同時(shí)成為各種文化不行或缺的組成部分?！?題詳解】詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第一段第一句“FromthecoldArctictotheAfricanplains,everysocietyseemstohavesomeformofmusicaspartoftheirculture.”可知，每個(gè)社會(huì)群體好像都把某種音樂(lè)形式當(dāng)作自己文化的一個(gè)部分，由此推斷代詞it指代音樂(lè)是每種文化的一部分這一事實(shí)。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第三句“Ratherthanfocusingonmusicfirstandthenlookingatwhereitcouldbefound,theystartedbystudyingarecordofdetaileddescriptionsofmorethanthreehundredknownglobalsocieties,”可知，Mehr和Singh首先做的事情是探討全球三百多個(gè)已知社會(huì)群體具體描述的記錄。故選B?！?0題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段首句“Toseeifpeoplecouldrecognizethefunctionsofsongsfromaroundtheworld,theresearchersalsocreatedalisteningexperimentinwhich…”可知，聽(tīng)樂(lè)辨析試驗(yàn)的目的是看人們能否對(duì)世界各地的音樂(lè)功能加以辨別。故選D?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段，有探討者質(zhì)疑音樂(lè)是全部已知社會(huì)的一部分。其次段，來(lái)自哈佛的探討者們通過(guò)試驗(yàn)證明白全部被調(diào)查的社會(huì)群體都把音樂(lè)當(dāng)作自己文化的一部分。第三段，為了弄清人們是否能夠辨別世界各地音樂(lè)的功能，探討者們實(shí)施了聽(tīng)樂(lè)辨析的試驗(yàn)，結(jié)果舞曲和搖籃曲簡(jiǎn)潔分辨，愛(ài)情樂(lè)曲稍難分辨。第四段，生物特性只從父母?jìng)鹘o孩子，而同一代人之間也有共同的文化特征（如音樂(lè)）。這就使得我們很難弄清晰這種文化特征來(lái)自何處。第五段，我們?nèi)耘f不知道為什么音樂(lè)得以漸漸發(fā)展。但我們的探討表明，世界各地的人類都有共同的認(rèn)知機(jī)制，這種認(rèn)知機(jī)制使某些聲音在特定的環(huán)境中顯得很合適。綜上內(nèi)容和表述可知，試驗(yàn)中，雖然愛(ài)情樂(lè)曲稍難分辨，很難弄清晰同一代人之間共有的文化特征（如音樂(lè)）來(lái)自何處，也不知道為什么音樂(lè)得以漸漸發(fā)展，但人類共有的認(rèn)知機(jī)制能夠在特定的環(huán)境（如人類社會(huì)各種活動(dòng)）中給予音樂(lè)生命力，所以，世界各地的音樂(lè)自然擁有共同的特點(diǎn)，即能夠長(zhǎng)期依附于各種社會(huì)群體的各種活動(dòng)、同時(shí)成為各種文化不行或缺的組成部分。答案B具有很好的概括性和針對(duì)性。故選B。DWallsblanketedinmoss(苔鮮)arepoppingupinmajorcities,alongwithpromisesthattheycanreduceairpollution—butcanafewsquaremetresofplantmatterreallydealwiththesmog?ABerlin-basedfirm,GreenCitySolutions,believesso.Itsmosswalls,calledtheCityTree,areroughly4squaremetresinsize.ArmedwithWi-Fisensorstomonitorthehealthofmoss,aCityTreefunctionsautonomouslyandrequiresverylittlemaintenance(維護(hù)).Thewallcollectsrainwater,whichispumpedthroughabuilt-inirrigationsystemtotheplants,poweredbysolarenergy.Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulate(顆粒)matteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.Italsocoolsthesurroundingair.AwarethatgettingthesurroundingairincontactwiththemosswalliscrucialfortheCityTreetobeeffective,theinventorsensurethatthelocationofeachinstallation(安裝)ischosencarefully.Spotswherepollutionisheavyduetotrafficandwhereairflowislimitedarepicked.Theimportanceofthisstepisexplainedbythefactthatthewastegasfromacargenerallygoesverticallyafewkilometresintotheair.Butthisdoesn’tmeanmosswallswillnecessarilyprotectpeoplefrompollution.IntheNetherlands,researchersfoundthateightwallsinstalledinAmsterdamfailedtoreducetheconcentrationofparticulatematter(PM)andnitrogendioxide(N02).Theirreportconcludedthatevendoublingthenumberofmosswallswoulddolittletoimprovetheireffectiveness.TheCityTreeisnotmeantforparksortosubstituteforstreettrees,buttoaddgreenerytoconcrete-heavyspaceswhereplantingisnotanoption.It’simportanttorememberthatstreettreesprovideawholehostofotherbenefits,includingshelterandhabitatforurbanwildlife,shadeandcoolingforpeopleonthestreet,andreductionofurbanheatislands.12.WhatdoweknowabouttheCityTree?A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants. B.Itcanirrigateotherstreetplants.C.Itproduceselectricitytocoolwater. D.Itisaimedatsavingwaterincities.13.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.TheimportanceofCityTree.B.ThefunctionofCityTree.C.HowtooperateCityTree.D.WheretoplaceCityTree.14.WhyistheexampleofAmsterdammentionedinParagraph4?A.ToshowthatCityTreecan’talwaysworkwell.B.ToprovethatCityTreecanreduceairpollutants.C.Toemphasizethenecessityofbuildingmosswalls.D.Toanalyzethereasonsforthefailureoftheprogram.15.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsreplacingstreettreeswithmosswalls?A.Ambiguous. B.Disapproving.C.Supportive. D.Cautious.【答案】12.A13.D14.A15.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇爭(zhēng)論文。文章主要以號(hào)稱能夠削減空氣污染的，在大城市如雨后春筍般出現(xiàn)的CityTree—苔蘚墻是否真的能應(yīng)付霧霾綻開(kāi)了探討，分別從其功能，嚴(yán)格選址，以及是否有效發(fā)揮作用方面進(jìn)行了講解并描述。作者在文末提出個(gè)人觀點(diǎn)：苔蘚墻并不能夠取代公園和街道樹(shù)木?！?2題詳解】細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段內(nèi)容：Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulatematteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.可知每棵“城市樹(shù)”每天可以“吃”大約250克的顆粒物（每年近90公斤），每年可以消退約240噸的二氧化碳。因此它有汲取一些空氣污染物的功能。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】主旨大意題。通過(guò)閱讀可知，該段首句內(nèi)容為本段中心主旨句，“AwarethatgettingthesurroundingairincontactwiththemosswalliscrucialfortheCityTreetobeeffective,theinventorsensurethatthelocationofeachinstallationischosencarefully.(考慮到讓四周的空氣與苔蘚墻接觸對(duì)城市樹(shù)的有效性至關(guān)重要，獨(dú)創(chuàng)者確保每個(gè)裝置的位置都是細(xì)心選擇的。)”可知，本段主要在講解并描述苔蘚墻的安裝位置。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)英文文章的寫(xiě)作特點(diǎn)可知，舉例內(nèi)容應(yīng)是對(duì)本段主旨要點(diǎn)的支持或例證，題干中提及舉例內(nèi)容“Amsterdam”緊跟于本段主旨要點(diǎn)之后，是為了給與主旨句例證。結(jié)合主旨內(nèi)容“Butthisdoesn’tmeanmosswallswillnecessarilyprotectpeoplefrompollution.(但這并不意味著苔蘚墻確定會(huì)愛(ài)護(hù)人們免受污染。)”由此推斷出，該例子是為了證明苔蘚墻并不確定會(huì)發(fā)揮作用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章末尾段內(nèi)容“TheCityTreeisnotmeantforparksortosubstituteforstreettrees,buttoaddgreenerytoconcrete-heavyspaceswhereplantingisnotanoption.(“城市樹(shù)”并不是為公園設(shè)計(jì)的，也不是用來(lái)替代街道上的樹(shù)，而是為混凝土密集的空間增加綠色植物，在這些空間里不行以種植植物。)”可推知，對(duì)于用苔蘚墻取代街道上樹(shù)這種做法，作者是反對(duì)的。故選B項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】事實(shí)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題在閱讀理解題中，有相當(dāng)一部分屬于事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題，特殊是干脆理解性題目比較簡(jiǎn)潔，只要通讀全文，了解文中所敘述的重要事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，就可以解答出來(lái)，有的甚至可以從文章的原句中干脆找到答案；另外還有一些題目要求對(duì)文中個(gè)別難詞、關(guān)鍵詞、詞組或句子作出說(shuō)明或須要對(duì)有關(guān)的上下文供應(yīng)的語(yǔ)境和信息、甚至對(duì)整篇文章的內(nèi)容建立精確、立體的理解和推斷。比如文章的第1小題：1.WhatdoweknowabouttheCityTree?A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants.B.Itcanirrigateotherstreetplants.C.Itproduceselectricitytocoolwater.D.Itisaimedatsavingwaterincities.分析題目?jī)?nèi)容可知，該題為干脆理解性題目，依據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞“CityTree”可利用尋讀法定位到文章其次段內(nèi)容：Asaresult,thefirmsayseachCityTreeisableto“eat”around250gramsofparticulatematteraday(nearly90kgsayear)andremovesabout240metrictonsofCO2annually.可知，該句主要講解并描述了“CityTree”可以汲取大約250克的顆粒物（每年近90公斤），每年可以消退約240噸的二氧化碳。選項(xiàng)A.Itcanabsorbsomeairpollutants.(它可以汲取一些空氣污染物。)合理陳述了該句中的重要事實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。其次節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）依據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Taketimeoffschool,becauseyourbodywillfightoffthecoldvirusbetterifitiswellrested.However,ifyouhavetogo,avoidclosecontactwithyourclassmates.___16___Meanwhile,washyourhandsasfrequentlyaspossible.Nomsedating（非冷靜的）allergymedicine,whichyoucanbuyfromachemist,caneasetheproblemsofarunnynoseandwateryeyes.Assoonasyoufeelacoldcomingon,drinkplentyofliquid.Waterorjuiceisidealbuthotherbalteaswithlemonwillhelpthinstickysubstanceandremoveitfromthebody.Awarmgarglewithsaltwaterwillmakeyourthroatmorecomfortablebyreducingtheswelling.___17______18___Breathinginsteamoverabowlofhotwaterhelpsalot,too.Foraviolentcough,thelatestresearchsuggeststhathoney,eitherstraightfromajarormixedwithahotdrink,worksaswellifnotbetterthancostlysprays.Agooddietisalsoessentialforaquickrecovery,sostartthedaywithahealthybreakfastincludingvitaminCintheformoffreshfruit.___19___Fordinner,easilydigestedsolidfoodisrecommended,suchasriceporridgemadewithvegetablesoreggs.___20___Itnotonlymakesyouphysicallystronger,butenhancesyouremotionalwell-being.Justremembernottoattemptanythingthatrequiresalotofeffortorstrength.Finally,torechargeyourbodyandregainyourstrength,youneedafulleighthours'sleep.A.Besides,alittlelightexerciseisbeneficialaswell.B.Asweknow,theviruscanbespreadeasilyfromonepersontoanother.C.Thename“cold"cameintouseinthe16thcenturyduetocoldweather.D.Thewarmairgeneratedbyahotshowerorbathwillhelpclearblockednoses.E.Signsandsymptomsmayappearlessthantwodaysafterexposuretothevirus.F.Forlunch,chickennoodlesoupisgoodsinceithelpsblockcellsthatcausecoughing.G.Italsowashesoutbacteriaandvirusessoitcanbeusedasapreventivemeasureaswell.【答案】16.B17.G18.D19.F20.A【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了一些患感冒時(shí)及預(yù)防感冒的建議。比如，避開(kāi)與同學(xué)親密接觸，勤洗手，從藥劑師那里買到抗過(guò)敏藥；平常留意飲食，加強(qiáng)熬煉，保證睡眠?！?6題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“但是，假如必需去，避開(kāi)與你的同學(xué)親密接觸?！?，承接上文，B項(xiàng)Asweknow,theviruscanbespreadeasilyfromonepersontoanother.(如我們所知，病毒很簡(jiǎn)潔從一個(gè)人傳播到另一個(gè)人。)切題，故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】依據(jù)上文提示“用鹽水溫?zé)崾诳梢詼p輕腫脹，使你的喉嚨更舒適?！?，承接上文，G項(xiàng)“它還可以清除細(xì)菌和病毒，因此也可以用作預(yù)防措施?！鼻蓄}，該選項(xiàng)中的it指代上文中的Awarmgarglewithsaltwater，故選G項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“在一碗熱水旁，呼吸其蒸汽也有很大幫助?！?，承接下文，D項(xiàng)“熱水淋浴或洗澡產(chǎn)生的熱空氣有助于解決鼻塞?！鼻蓄}，此處都是在說(shuō)明解決鼻塞問(wèn)題。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“晚餐建議吃易消化的固體食物，如蔬菜或雞蛋配米粥。”，承接下文，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“午餐喝雞肉面湯是很好的，因?yàn)樗兄谧钃蹩人??！鼻蓄}，該選項(xiàng)中的Forlunch與下文中的Fordinner相呼應(yīng)，故選F項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】依據(jù)下文提示“它不僅能讓身體更強(qiáng)壯，還能使心情健康?！?，承接下文，A項(xiàng)“此外，少量的運(yùn)動(dòng)也是有益的?！鼻蓄}，下文中的it指代的是該選項(xiàng)中的alittlelightexercise。故選A項(xiàng)。第三部分英語(yǔ)學(xué)問(wèn)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）Ifyoucouldpossessanythreethings,whatwouldyouwant?Eleven-year-oldRubyKateloves___21___thatquestionatnursinghomeintheHarrison.Evenmoreamazing,shethen___22___tomaketheresidents'wishescometrue.RubyKatehaslongbeencloseto___23___folks,sincehermother,AmandaChitsey,worksatnursinghomesinnorthwestArkansasandsheoften___24___withher.LastMay,RubyKatenoticedanoldresidentnamedPearlstaringoutawindow___25___asherdogwasbeingledawaybyhernew___26___,sinceshewasnotableto___27___tolookafterherwithasmallpension.SoRubyKate___28___todosomethingaboutitandstartedbyaskingresidentswhatthreethingstheydesiremost.Theysimplyrequestedfor___29___likechocolatebars,McDonald'sfries,andevenjustaprayer.Usingher___30___moneytochangethesituation,Rubygrantedthe___31___ofabout50peopleinthreemonths.Thenshestartedappealingfor___32___.ThenicepeopleofHarrisonresponded___33___somuchsothatAmandasetupaGoFundMepage,ThreeWishesforRuby'sresidents,hopingtocollect$5,000.They___34___theirgoalinamonth.AfterGoFundMepromotingRuby's___35___internationallythispastJanuary,ThreeWishesraised$20,000infivemonths___36___.Withthemoney,Rubywasabletogetmore___37___:Oneresidentaskedforamancave,soRubycameupwiththenovelideatogethimatentand___38___hisfridgewithsnacks.Earlierthisyear,“ThreeWishes”becameanonprofitandlaunchedits___39___nationwidechapter.RubyKatedoesn'tplantostophere.“Iconsider___40___tobemyhobby,”shesays,“andI'mverygoodatitandIwouldliketopassthiskindacton.”21.A.sharing B.raising C.answering D.consulting22.A.leavesout B.goeson C.setsout D.turnsdown23.A.poor B.sick C.old D.young24.A.getson B.racesdown C.comesup D.tailsalong25.A.sorrowfully B.optimistically C.hopefully D.firmly26.A.nurse B.owner C.folk D.resident27.A.expect B.arrange C.choose D.afford28.A.refused B.continued C.decided D.stopped29.A.money B.food C.pets D.items30.A.collected B.own C.ease D.borrowed31.A.wishes B.kindness C.friendship D.behaviors32.A.relief B.sympathy C.donation D.assistance33.A.sensitively B.seriously C.spiritually D.enthusiastically34.A.changed B.set C.failed D.hit35.A.question B.story C.website D.collection36.A.obviously B.hardly C.consequently D.finally37.A.excited B.devoted C.creative D.curious38.A.stocked B.emptied C.sold D.bought39.A.final B.first C.former D.continuous40.A.kindness B.virtue C.treasure D.power【答案】21.B22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.C29.D30.B31.A32.C33.D34.D35.B36.D37.C38.A39.B40.A【解析】這是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了11歲的RubyKate幫助養(yǎng)老院的居民實(shí)現(xiàn)愿望，且在GoFundMe網(wǎng)上發(fā)起了名為“三個(gè)愿望”的捐獻(xiàn)活動(dòng)后得到了得到了GoFundMe的推廣，五個(gè)月內(nèi)獲得了兩萬(wàn)美元的捐獻(xiàn)的故事。【21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：11歲的RubyKate喜愛(ài)在Harrison的養(yǎng)老院提出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。A.sharing共享；B.raising提出，上升；C.answering回答；D.consulting詢問(wèn)。依據(jù)上文Ifyoucouldpossessanythreethings,whatwouldyouwant?可知RubyKate喜愛(ài)在療養(yǎng)院提出詢問(wèn)對(duì)方想要什么的問(wèn)題。raisequestion“提問(wèn)”。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：更令人驚異的是，她接著起先著手讓居民們的愿望成真。A.leavesout遺漏；B.goeson接著；C.setsout起先，動(dòng)身；D.turnsdown關(guān)小。結(jié)合后文tomaketheresidents’wishescometrue.可知RubyKate問(wèn)了老人想要什么之后，就起先著手讓這些愿望成真。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：RubyKate自從她的母親AmandaChitsey在阿肯色州西北部的養(yǎng)老院工作以來(lái)，就始終與老年人保持著親密的關(guān)系，她常常跟著母親一起去。A.poor貧困的；B.sick生病的；C.old老的；D.young年輕的。依據(jù)后文anoldresident可知Ruby與老年人保持著親密的關(guān)系。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：RubyKate自從她的母親AmandaChitsey在阿肯色州西北部的養(yǎng)老院工作以來(lái)，就始終與老年人保持著親密的關(guān)系，她常常常常跟隨著母親一起去養(yǎng)老院。A.getson上車；B.racesdown往下（趨勢(shì)）；C.comesup走近；D.tailsalong跟隨。Ruby的母親在養(yǎng)老院工作，Ruby常常跟隨著母親一起去養(yǎng)老院。故選D。【25題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：去年5月，RubyKate留意到一位名叫Pearl的老人哀痛地望著窗外，她的狗被她的新主子帶走了，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法支付照看她的一小筆費(fèi)用。A.sorrowfully哀痛地；B.optimistically樂(lè)觀地；C.hopefully有希望地；D.firmly堅(jiān)決地。Pearl的狗要被帶走，Pearl確定是很哀痛的。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年5月，RubyKate留意到一位名叫Pearl的老人哀痛地望著窗外，她的狗被她的新主子帶走了，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法支付照看她的一小筆費(fèi)用。A.nurse護(hù)士；B.owner主子，全部者；C.folk民族；D.resident居民。因?yàn)樨?fù)擔(dān)不起，所以狗要被新主子帶走了。故選B。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年5月，RubyKate留意到一位名叫Pearl的老人哀痛地望著窗外，她的狗被她的新主子帶走了，因?yàn)樗裏o(wú)法支付照看她的一小筆養(yǎng)老金。A.expect期盼；B.arrange支配；C.choose選擇；D.afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起。狗被帶走的緣由是Pearl付不起錢。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：所以RubyKate確定做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)變更這一現(xiàn)狀，她首先詢問(wèn)了老人們最想要的三樣?xùn)|西。A.refused拒絕；B.continued接著；C.decided確定；D.stopped停止。依據(jù)后文Ru